|
TABLE 3. SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS
|
| |
2000 Estimate |
2000 Percent Distribution |
2002 Estimate |
2002 Percent Distribution |
Difference (2002 - 2000) |
Margin of Error of Difference |
Statistically Significant |
|
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
|
|
Population 16 years and over
|
12,374,196
|
100%
|
12,885,416
|
100%
|
511,220
|
+/-17,394
|
yes
|
|
In labor force
|
7,598,616
|
61.4%
|
7,901,128
|
61.3%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Civilian labor force
|
7,571,643
|
61.2%
|
7,867,083
|
61.1%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Employed
|
7,175,023
|
58.0%
|
7,304,912
|
56.7%
|
- 1.3%
|
+/-0.7%
|
yes
|
|
Unemployed
|
396,620
|
3.2%
|
562,171
|
4.4%
|
1.2%
|
+/-0.2%
|
yes
|
|
Percent unemployed
|
5.2
|
(NA)
|
7.1
|
(NA)
|
1.9
|
+/-0.5
|
yes
|
|
Armed Forces
|
26,973
|
0.2%
|
34,045
|
0.3%
|
0.1%
|
+/-0.2%
|
no
|
|
Not in labor force
|
4,775,580
|
38.6%
|
4,984,288
|
38.7%
|
0.1%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
|
|
Females 16 years and over
|
6,465,601
|
100%
|
6,716,044
|
100%
|
250,443
|
+/-15,746
|
yes
|
|
In labor force
|
3,544,559
|
54.8%
|
3,703,621
|
55.1%
|
0.3%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
Civilian labor force
|
3,541,999
|
54.8%
|
3,700,309
|
55.1%
|
0.3%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
Employed
|
3,345,925
|
51.7%
|
3,420,737
|
50.9%
|
- 0.8%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
|
|
Own children under 6 years
|
1,054,073
|
100%
|
1,171,228
|
100%
|
117,155
|
+/-29,931
|
yes
|
|
All parents in family in labor force
|
684,034
|
64.9%
|
739,267
|
63.1%
|
- 1.8%
|
+/-2.6%
|
no
|
|
|
|
Own children 6 to 17 years
|
2,273,124
|
100%
|
2,423,259
|
100%
|
150,135
|
+/-43,190
|
yes
|
|
All parents in family in labor force
|
1,612,521
|
70.9%
|
1,744,793
|
72.0%
|
1.1%
|
+/-1.5%
|
no
|
|
|
|
Population 16 to 19 years
|
754,750
|
100%
|
775,120
|
100%
|
20,370
|
+/-24,189
|
no
|
|
Not enrolled in school and not a H.S. graduate
|
88,322
|
11.7%
|
66,008
|
8.5%
|
- 3.2%
|
+/-2.3%
|
yes
|
|
Unemployed or not in the labor force
|
37,597
|
5.0%
|
34,680
|
4.5%
|
- 0.5%
|
+/-1.3%
|
no
|
|
|
|
COMMUTING TO WORK
|
|
Workers 16 years and over
|
7,003,750
|
100%
|
7,128,335
|
100%
|
124,585
|
+/-87,973
|
yes
|
|
Car, truck, or van -- drove alone
|
5,539,580
|
79.1%
|
5,745,648
|
80.6%
|
1.5%
|
+/-0.7%
|
yes
|
|
Car, truck, or van -- carpooled
|
838,403
|
12.0%
|
764,000
|
10.7%
|
- 1.3%
|
+/-0.7%
|
yes
|
|
Public transportation (including taxicab)
|
143,277
|
2.0%
|
141,479
|
2.0%
|
0.0%
|
+/-0.2%
|
no
|
|
Walked
|
131,211
|
1.9%
|
107,477
|
1.5%
|
- 0.4%
|
+/-0.2%
|
yes
|
|
Other means
|
127,913
|
1.8%
|
119,853
|
1.7%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.2%
|
no
|
|
Worked at home
|
223,366
|
3.2%
|
249,878
|
3.5%
|
0.3%
|
+/-0.3%
|
no
|
|
Mean travel time to work (minutes)
|
24.3
|
(NA)
|
24.8
|
(NA)
|
0.5
|
+/-0.5
|
no
|
|
|
|
Employed civilian population 16 years and over
|
7,175,023
|
100%
|
7,304,912
|
100%
|
129,889
|
+/-92,146
|
yes
|
|
OCCUPATION
|
|
Management, professional, and related occupations
|
2,255,882
|
31.4%
|
2,289,299
|
31.3%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
Service occupations
|
1,219,222
|
17.0%
|
1,310,628
|
17.9%
|
0.9%
|
+/-0.7%
|
yes
|
|
Sales and office occupations
|
2,111,720
|
29.4%
|
2,176,687
|
29.8%
|
0.4%
|
+/-0.8%
|
no
|
|
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations
|
50,984
|
0.7%
|
37,061
|
0.5%
|
- 0.2%
|
+/-0.2%
|
no
|
|
Construction, extraction, and maintenance occupations
|
733,139
|
10.2%
|
726,195
|
9.9%
|
- 0.3%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations
|
804,076
|
11.2%
|
765,042
|
10.5%
|
- 0.7%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
|
|
INDUSTRY
|
|
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining
|
69,997
|
1.0%
|
67,712
|
0.9%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.2%
|
no
|
|
Construction
|
573,033
|
8.0%
|
578,703
|
7.9%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Manufacturing
|
548,742
|
7.6%
|
501,448
|
6.9%
|
- 0.7%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Wholesale trade
|
316,152
|
4.4%
|
289,652
|
4.0%
|
- 0.4%
|
+/-0.2%
|
yes
|
|
Retail trade
|
965,340
|
13.5%
|
978,927
|
13.4%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Transportation and warehousing, and utilities
|
395,325
|
5.5%
|
375,914
|
5.1%
|
- 0.4%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
Information
|
222,408
|
3.1%
|
213,305
|
2.9%
|
- 0.2%
|
+/-0.2%
|
no
|
|
Finance, insurance, real estate, and rental and leasing
|
579,678
|
8.1%
|
594,495
|
8.1%
|
0.0%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
Professional, scientific, management, administrative, and waste management services
|
795,915
|
11.1%
|
812,920
|
11.1%
|
0.0%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
Educational, health, and social services
|
1,242,786
|
17.3%
|
1,402,913
|
19.2%
|
1.9%
|
+/-1.0%
|
yes
|
|
Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services
|
762,386
|
10.6%
|
737,975
|
10.1%
|
- 0.5%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Other services (except public administration)
|
341,745
|
4.8%
|
368,860
|
5.0%
|
0.2%
|
+/-0.3%
|
no
|
|
Public administration
|
361,516
|
5.0%
|
382,088
|
5.2%
|
0.2%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
|
|
CLASS OF WORKER
|
|
Private wage and salary workers
|
5,736,182
|
79.9%
|
5,731,726
|
78.5%
|
- 1.4%
|
+/-0.8%
|
yes
|
|
Government workers
|
960,739
|
13.4%
|
1,034,112
|
14.2%
|
0.8%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
Self-employed workers in own not incorporated business
|
459,162
|
6.4%
|
518,063
|
7.1%
|
0.7%
|
+/-0.5%
|
yes
|
|
Unpaid family workers
|
18,940
|
0.3%
|
21,011
|
0.3%
|
0.0%
|
+/-0.2%
|
no
|
|
|
|
INCOME AND BENEFITS (IN 2002 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS)
|
|
Total households
|
6,289,855
|
100%
|
6,568,733
|
100%
|
278,878
|
+/-56,263
|
yes
|
|
Less than $10,000
|
572,192
|
9.1%
|
613,353
|
9.3%
|
0.2%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
$10,000 to $14,999
|
444,008
|
7.1%
|
467,925
|
7.1%
|
0.0%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
$15,000 to $24,999
|
848,090
|
13.5%
|
928,539
|
14.1%
|
0.6%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
$25,000 to $34,999
|
918,335
|
14.6%
|
923,763
|
14.1%
|
- 0.5%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
$35,000 to $49,999
|
1,059,507
|
16.8%
|
1,112,243
|
16.9%
|
0.1%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
$50,000 to $74,999
|
1,191,215
|
18.9%
|
1,231,657
|
18.8%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
$75,000 to $99,999
|
577,440
|
9.2%
|
594,395
|
9.0%
|
- 0.2%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
$100,000 to $149,999
|
440,672
|
7.0%
|
417,117
|
6.4%
|
- 0.6%
|
+/-0.5%
|
yes
|
|
$150,000 to $199,999
|
105,877
|
1.7%
|
125,012
|
1.9%
|
0.2%
|
+/-0.2%
|
no
|
|
$200,000 or more
|
132,519
|
2.1%
|
154,729
|
2.4%
|
0.3%
|
+/-0.2%
|
yes
|
|
Median household income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
39,676
|
(NA)
|
39,265
|
(NA)
|
-411
|
+/-1,063
|
no
|
|
Mean household income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
53,899
|
(NA)
|
53,468
|
(NA)
|
-431
|
+/-1,533
|
no
|
|
|
|
With earnings
|
4,696,661
|
74.7%
|
4,905,075
|
74.7%
|
0.0%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Mean earnings (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
53,026
|
(NA)
|
53,765
|
(NA)
|
739
|
+/-1,279
|
no
|
|
With Social Security
|
2,097,386
|
33.3%
|
2,143,448
|
32.6%
|
- 0.7%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Mean Social Security income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
12,571
|
(NA)
|
12,837
|
(NA)
|
266
|
+/-241
|
yes
|
|
With retirement income
|
1,224,292
|
19.5%
|
1,247,989
|
19.0%
|
- 0.5%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Mean retirement income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
17,798
|
(NA)
|
18,161
|
(NA)
|
363
|
+/-805
|
no
|
|
|
|
With public assistance income or noncash benefit(s)
|
926,223
|
14.7%
|
1,020,377
|
15.5%
|
0.8%
|
+/-0.8%
|
no
|
|
With Supplemental Security Income
|
204,295
|
3.2%
|
217,713
|
3.3%
|
0.1%
|
+/-0.3%
|
no
|
|
Mean Supplemental Security Income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
6,420
|
(NA)
|
6,713
|
(NA)
|
293
|
+/-323
|
no
|
|
With cash public assistance income
|
97,461
|
1.5%
|
89,508
|
1.4%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.2%
|
no
|
|
Mean cash public assistance income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
2,327
|
(NA)
|
2,253
|
(NA)
|
-74
|
+/-431
|
no
|
|
With Food Stamp benefits in the past 12 months
|
324,222
|
5.2%
|
374,696
|
5.7%
|
0.5%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
With free or reduced price school meal benefits in the past 12 months
|
471,372
|
7.5%
|
530,153
|
8.1%
|
0.6%
|
+/-0.5%
|
yes
|
|
|
|
Families
|
4,140,873
|
100%
|
4,307,536
|
100%
|
166,663
|
+/-57,275
|
yes
|
|
Less than $10,000
|
224,411
|
5.4%
|
237,815
|
5.5%
|
0.1%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
$10,000 to $14,999
|
199,868
|
4.8%
|
201,820
|
4.7%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
$15,000 to $24,999
|
483,587
|
11.7%
|
508,879
|
11.8%
|
0.1%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
$25,000 to $34,999
|
563,877
|
13.6%
|
572,285
|
13.3%
|
- 0.3%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
$35,000 to $49,999
|
727,011
|
17.6%
|
764,762
|
17.8%
|
0.2%
|
+/-0.8%
|
no
|
|
$50,000 to $74,999
|
911,283
|
22.0%
|
948,378
|
22.0%
|
0.0%
|
+/-0.8%
|
no
|
|
$75,000 to $99,999
|
461,282
|
11.1%
|
480,660
|
11.2%
|
0.1%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
$100,000 to $149,999
|
364,519
|
8.8%
|
354,210
|
8.2%
|
- 0.6%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
$150,000 to $199,999
|
91,977
|
2.2%
|
107,679
|
2.5%
|
0.3%
|
+/-0.2%
|
yes
|
|
$200,000 or more
|
113,058
|
2.7%
|
131,048
|
3.0%
|
0.3%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
Median family income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
47,228
|
(NA)
|
46,777
|
(NA)
|
-451
|
+/-1,299
|
no
|
|
Mean family income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
62,146
|
(NA)
|
62,244
|
(NA)
|
98
|
+/-2,036
|
no
|
|
|
|
Per capita income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
22,337
|
(NA)
|
22,175
|
(NA)
|
-162
|
+/-637
|
no
|
|
|
|
Nonfamily households
|
2,148,982
|
100%
|
2,261,197
|
100%
|
112,215
|
+/-66,327
|
yes
|
|
Median nonfamily income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
25,927
|
(NA)
|
25,179
|
(NA)
|
-748
|
+/-790
|
no
|
|
Mean nonfamily income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
35,410
|
(NA)
|
34,449
|
(NA)
|
-961
|
+/-1,498
|
no
|
|
|
|
Median earnings (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars):
|
22,988
|
(NA)
|
23,741
|
(NA)
|
753
|
+/-528
|
yes
|
|
Male full-time, year-round workers
|
33,235
|
(NA)
|
34,482
|
(NA)
|
1,247
|
+/-1,191
|
yes
|
|
Female full-time, year-round workers
|
26,507
|
(NA)
|
27,274
|
(NA)
|
767
|
+/-442
|
yes
|
|
|
|
NUMBER BELOW POVERTY IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS
|
|
Families
|
386,567
|
100%
|
414,404
|
100%
|
27,837
|
+/-28,880
|
no
|
|
With related children under 18 years
|
283,526
|
73.3%
|
302,514
|
73.0%
|
- 0.3%
|
+/-2.8%
|
no
|
|
With related children under 5 years only
|
61,053
|
15.8%
|
49,465
|
11.9%
|
- 3.9%
|
+/-2.8%
|
yes
|
|
|
|
Families with female householder, no husband present
|
201,520
|
100%
|
210,624
|
100%
|
9,104
|
+/-21,336
|
no
|
|
With related children under 18 years
|
181,827
|
90.2%
|
187,364
|
89.0%
|
- 1.2%
|
+/-3.1%
|
no
|
|
With related children under 5 years only
|
37,339
|
18.5%
|
31,157
|
14.8%
|
- 3.7%
|
+/-4.6%
|
no
|
|
|
|
Individuals
|
1,986,652
|
100%
|
2,082,829
|
100%
|
96,177
|
+/-109,647
|
no
|
|
18 years and over
|
1,316,445
|
66.3%
|
1,378,012
|
66.2%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.2%
|
no
|
|
65 years and over
|
267,786
|
13.5%
|
271,691
|
13.0%
|
- 0.5%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
Related children under 18 years
|
643,070
|
32.4%
|
680,998
|
32.7%
|
0.3%
|
+/-1.8%
|
no
|
|
Related children 5 to 17 years
|
458,229
|
23.1%
|
472,657
|
22.7%
|
- 0.4%
|
+/-1.5%
|
no
|
|
Unrelated individuals 15 years and over
|
660,413
|
33.2%
|
681,973
|
32.7%
|
- 0.5%
|
+/-1.3%
|
no
|
|
|
|
PERCENT BELOW POVERTY IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS
|
|
Individuals
|
12.8
|
(NA)
|
12.8
|
(NA)
|
0.0
|
+/-0.7
|
no
|
|
18 years and over
|
11.0
|
(NA)
|
11.1
|
(NA)
|
0.1
|
+/-0.7
|
no
|
|
65 years and over
|
9.9
|
(NA)
|
9.9
|
(NA)
|
0.0
|
+/-1.0
|
no
|
|
Related children under 18 years
|
18.3
|
(NA)
|
18.1
|
(NA)
|
-0.2
|
+/-1.3
|
no
|
|
Related children under 5 years
|
20.0
|
(NA)
|
20.7
|
(NA)
|
0.7
|
+/-2.6
|
no
|
|
Related children 5 to 17 years
|
17.7
|
(NA)
|
17.1
|
(NA)
|
-0.6
|
+/-1.5
|
no
|
|
Unrelated individuals 15 years and over
|
21.6
|
(NA)
|
21.7
|
(NA)
|
0.1
|
+/-1.3
|
no
|
|
|
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