|
TABLE 3. SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS
|
| |
2000 Estimate |
2000 Percent Distribution |
2002 Estimate |
2002 Percent Distribution |
Difference (2002 - 2000) |
Margin of Error of Difference |
Statistically Significant |
|
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
|
|
Population 16 years and over
|
3,827,797
|
100%
|
4,072,139
|
100%
|
244,342
|
+/-10,346
|
yes
|
|
In labor force
|
2,757,393
|
72.0%
|
2,905,005
|
71.3%
|
- 0.7%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
Civilian labor force
|
2,753,680
|
71.9%
|
2,901,694
|
71.3%
|
- 0.6%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
Employed
|
2,619,231
|
68.4%
|
2,662,765
|
65.4%
|
- 3.0%
|
+/-1.0%
|
yes
|
|
Unemployed
|
134,449
|
3.5%
|
238,929
|
5.9%
|
2.4%
|
+/-0.5%
|
yes
|
|
Percent unemployed
|
4.9
|
(NA)
|
8.2
|
(NA)
|
3.3
|
+/-0.7
|
yes
|
|
Armed Forces
|
3,713
|
0.1%
|
3,311
|
0.1%
|
0.0%
|
+/-0.2%
|
no
|
|
Not in labor force
|
1,070,404
|
28.0%
|
1,167,134
|
28.7%
|
0.7%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
|
|
Females 16 years and over
|
1,947,363
|
100%
|
2,052,226
|
100%
|
104,863
|
+/-9,872
|
yes
|
|
In labor force
|
1,216,477
|
62.5%
|
1,296,732
|
63.2%
|
0.7%
|
+/-1.5%
|
no
|
|
Civilian labor force
|
1,216,295
|
62.5%
|
1,296,220
|
63.2%
|
0.7%
|
+/-1.5%
|
no
|
|
Employed
|
1,145,399
|
58.8%
|
1,192,861
|
58.1%
|
- 0.7%
|
+/-1.5%
|
no
|
|
|
|
Own children under 6 years
|
475,472
|
100%
|
514,103
|
100%
|
38,631
|
+/-17,881
|
yes
|
|
All parents in family in labor force
|
279,843
|
58.9%
|
305,004
|
59.3%
|
0.4%
|
+/-4.1%
|
no
|
|
|
|
Own children 6 to 17 years
|
889,840
|
100%
|
931,560
|
100%
|
41,720
|
+/-21,009
|
yes
|
|
All parents in family in labor force
|
611,334
|
68.7%
|
654,309
|
70.2%
|
1.5%
|
+/-3.5%
|
no
|
|
|
|
Population 16 to 19 years
|
279,193
|
100%
|
293,642
|
100%
|
14,449
|
+/-12,987
|
yes
|
|
Not enrolled in school and not a H.S. graduate
|
47,067
|
16.9%
|
32,874
|
11.2%
|
- 5.7%
|
+/-3.5%
|
yes
|
|
Unemployed or not in the labor force
|
20,227
|
7.2%
|
19,979
|
6.8%
|
- 0.4%
|
+/-2.6%
|
no
|
|
|
|
COMMUTING TO WORK
|
|
Workers 16 years and over
|
2,566,968
|
100%
|
2,591,481
|
100%
|
24,513
|
+/-43,298
|
no
|
|
Car, truck, or van -- drove alone
|
2,037,857
|
79.4%
|
2,095,652
|
80.9%
|
1.5%
|
+/-1.2%
|
yes
|
|
Car, truck, or van -- carpooled
|
328,986
|
12.8%
|
320,939
|
12.4%
|
- 0.4%
|
+/-1.3%
|
no
|
|
Public transportation (including taxicab)
|
49,411
|
1.9%
|
42,024
|
1.6%
|
- 0.3%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
Walked
|
44,482
|
1.7%
|
34,983
|
1.3%
|
- 0.4%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
Other means
|
33,377
|
1.3%
|
27,685
|
1.1%
|
- 0.2%
|
+/-0.3%
|
no
|
|
Worked at home
|
72,855
|
2.8%
|
70,198
|
2.7%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
Mean travel time to work (minutes)
|
26.1
|
(NA)
|
25.6
|
(NA)
|
-0.5
|
+/-0.8
|
no
|
|
|
|
Employed civilian population 16 years and over
|
2,619,231
|
100%
|
2,662,765
|
100%
|
43,534
|
+/-40,402
|
yes
|
|
OCCUPATION
|
|
Management, professional, and related occupations
|
885,573
|
33.8%
|
932,054
|
35.0%
|
1.2%
|
+/-1.5%
|
no
|
|
Service occupations
|
320,987
|
12.3%
|
359,524
|
13.5%
|
1.2%
|
+/-1.3%
|
no
|
|
Sales and office occupations
|
761,227
|
29.1%
|
758,469
|
28.5%
|
- 0.6%
|
+/-1.5%
|
no
|
|
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations
|
21,440
|
0.8%
|
3,490
|
0.1%
|
- 0.7%
|
+/-0.8%
|
no
|
|
Construction, extraction, and maintenance occupations
|
289,665
|
11.1%
|
277,125
|
10.4%
|
- 0.7%
|
+/-1.3%
|
no
|
|
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations
|
340,339
|
13.0%
|
332,103
|
12.5%
|
- 0.5%
|
+/-1.2%
|
no
|
|
|
|
INDUSTRY
|
|
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining
|
35,298
|
1.3%
|
20,226
|
0.8%
|
- 0.5%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
Construction
|
209,235
|
8.0%
|
217,748
|
8.2%
|
0.2%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
Manufacturing
|
361,390
|
13.8%
|
325,889
|
12.2%
|
- 1.6%
|
+/-1.2%
|
yes
|
|
Wholesale trade
|
135,040
|
5.2%
|
110,440
|
4.1%
|
- 1.1%
|
+/-0.8%
|
yes
|
|
Retail trade
|
316,252
|
12.1%
|
324,181
|
12.2%
|
0.1%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
Transportation and warehousing, and utilities
|
174,875
|
6.7%
|
171,449
|
6.4%
|
- 0.3%
|
+/-0.8%
|
no
|
|
Information
|
132,914
|
5.1%
|
108,577
|
4.1%
|
- 1.0%
|
+/-0.7%
|
yes
|
|
Finance, insurance, real estate, and rental and leasing
|
220,109
|
8.4%
|
238,080
|
8.9%
|
0.5%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
Professional, scientific, management, administrative, and waste management services
|
268,979
|
10.3%
|
311,341
|
11.7%
|
1.4%
|
+/-0.8%
|
yes
|
|
Educational, health, and social services
|
391,623
|
15.0%
|
427,991
|
16.1%
|
1.1%
|
+/-1.0%
|
yes
|
|
Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services
|
169,126
|
6.5%
|
194,828
|
7.3%
|
0.8%
|
+/-0.8%
|
no
|
|
Other services (except public administration)
|
132,571
|
5.1%
|
133,927
|
5.0%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Public administration
|
71,819
|
2.7%
|
78,088
|
2.9%
|
0.2%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
|
|
CLASS OF WORKER
|
|
Private wage and salary workers
|
2,184,648
|
83.4%
|
2,181,926
|
81.9%
|
- 1.5%
|
+/-1.3%
|
yes
|
|
Government workers
|
260,254
|
9.9%
|
296,801
|
11.1%
|
1.2%
|
+/-1.0%
|
yes
|
|
Self-employed workers in own not incorporated business
|
167,880
|
6.4%
|
178,916
|
6.7%
|
0.3%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Unpaid family workers
|
6,449
|
0.2%
|
5,122
|
0.2%
|
0.0%
|
+/-0.2%
|
no
|
|
|
|
INCOME AND BENEFITS (IN 2002 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS)
|
|
Total households
|
1,890,185
|
100%
|
1,951,902
|
100%
|
61,717
|
+/-20,811
|
yes
|
|
Less than $10,000
|
128,490
|
6.8%
|
140,111
|
7.2%
|
0.4%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
$10,000 to $14,999
|
90,660
|
4.8%
|
95,064
|
4.9%
|
0.1%
|
+/-0.8%
|
no
|
|
$15,000 to $24,999
|
207,518
|
11.0%
|
218,712
|
11.2%
|
0.2%
|
+/-1.2%
|
no
|
|
$25,000 to $34,999
|
240,439
|
12.7%
|
238,053
|
12.2%
|
- 0.5%
|
+/-1.2%
|
no
|
|
$35,000 to $49,999
|
293,328
|
15.5%
|
306,568
|
15.7%
|
0.2%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
$50,000 to $74,999
|
404,972
|
21.4%
|
381,943
|
19.6%
|
- 1.8%
|
+/-1.2%
|
yes
|
|
$75,000 to $99,999
|
212,166
|
11.2%
|
232,646
|
11.9%
|
0.7%
|
+/-0.8%
|
no
|
|
$100,000 to $149,999
|
197,915
|
10.5%
|
207,555
|
10.6%
|
0.1%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
$150,000 to $199,999
|
58,423
|
3.1%
|
69,848
|
3.6%
|
0.5%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
$200,000 or more
|
56,274
|
3.0%
|
61,402
|
3.1%
|
0.1%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
Median household income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
49,213
|
(NA)
|
48,399
|
(NA)
|
-814
|
+/-1,807
|
no
|
|
Mean household income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
65,177
|
(NA)
|
64,280
|
(NA)
|
-897
|
+/-2,158
|
no
|
|
|
|
With earnings
|
1,671,844
|
88.4%
|
1,706,762
|
87.4%
|
- 1.0%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
Mean earnings (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
64,158
|
(NA)
|
63,705
|
(NA)
|
-453
|
+/-2,122
|
no
|
|
With Social Security
|
332,956
|
17.6%
|
355,573
|
18.2%
|
0.6%
|
+/-0.8%
|
no
|
|
Mean Social Security income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
12,281
|
(NA)
|
12,368
|
(NA)
|
87
|
+/-401
|
no
|
|
With retirement income
|
204,654
|
10.8%
|
221,756
|
11.4%
|
0.6%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Mean retirement income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
20,524
|
(NA)
|
18,248
|
(NA)
|
-2,276
|
+/-3,143
|
no
|
|
|
|
With public assistance income or noncash benefit(s)
|
257,199
|
13.6%
|
262,560
|
13.5%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-1.2%
|
no
|
|
With Supplemental Security Income
|
33,647
|
1.8%
|
42,513
|
2.2%
|
0.4%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
Mean Supplemental Security Income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
6,238
|
(NA)
|
6,118
|
(NA)
|
-120
|
+/-812
|
no
|
|
With cash public assistance income
|
26,472
|
1.4%
|
24,588
|
1.3%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-0.5%
|
no
|
|
Mean cash public assistance income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
2,192
|
(NA)
|
2,468
|
(NA)
|
276
|
+/-809
|
no
|
|
With Food Stamp benefits in the past 12 months
|
65,159
|
3.4%
|
71,746
|
3.7%
|
0.3%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
With free or reduced price school meal benefits in the past 12 months
|
144,700
|
7.7%
|
151,031
|
7.7%
|
0.0%
|
+/-0.8%
|
no
|
|
|
|
Families
|
1,287,323
|
100%
|
1,344,476
|
100%
|
57,153
|
+/-31,109
|
yes
|
|
Less than $10,000
|
61,390
|
4.8%
|
62,862
|
4.7%
|
- 0.1%
|
+/-1.0%
|
no
|
|
$10,000 to $14,999
|
37,895
|
2.9%
|
53,120
|
4.0%
|
1.1%
|
+/-0.8%
|
yes
|
|
$15,000 to $24,999
|
115,956
|
9.0%
|
131,711
|
9.8%
|
0.8%
|
+/-1.3%
|
no
|
|
$25,000 to $34,999
|
145,869
|
11.3%
|
142,129
|
10.6%
|
- 0.7%
|
+/-1.3%
|
no
|
|
$35,000 to $49,999
|
191,469
|
14.9%
|
182,104
|
13.5%
|
- 1.4%
|
+/-1.5%
|
no
|
|
$50,000 to $74,999
|
293,124
|
22.8%
|
281,218
|
20.9%
|
- 1.9%
|
+/-1.5%
|
yes
|
|
$75,000 to $99,999
|
173,623
|
13.5%
|
190,386
|
14.2%
|
0.7%
|
+/-1.2%
|
no
|
|
$100,000 to $149,999
|
170,651
|
13.3%
|
185,005
|
13.8%
|
0.5%
|
+/-1.3%
|
no
|
|
$150,000 to $199,999
|
47,941
|
3.7%
|
62,044
|
4.6%
|
0.9%
|
+/-0.7%
|
yes
|
|
$200,000 or more
|
49,405
|
3.8%
|
53,897
|
4.0%
|
0.2%
|
+/-0.7%
|
no
|
|
Median family income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
57,380
|
(NA)
|
57,480
|
(NA)
|
100
|
+/-1,878
|
no
|
|
Mean family income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
74,080
|
(NA)
|
73,596
|
(NA)
|
-484
|
+/-2,907
|
no
|
|
|
|
Per capita income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
24,858
|
(NA)
|
24,444
|
(NA)
|
-414
|
+/-797
|
no
|
|
|
|
Nonfamily households
|
602,862
|
100%
|
607,426
|
100%
|
4,564
|
+/-31,061
|
no
|
|
Median nonfamily income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
31,771
|
(NA)
|
32,009
|
(NA)
|
238
|
+/-1,736
|
no
|
|
Mean nonfamily income (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars)
|
43,266
|
(NA)
|
41,080
|
(NA)
|
-2,186
|
+/-3,249
|
no
|
|
|
|
Median earnings (in 2002 inflation-adjusted dollars):
|
26,874
|
(NA)
|
27,574
|
(NA)
|
700
|
+/-866
|
no
|
|
Male full-time, year-round workers
|
37,930
|
(NA)
|
41,368
|
(NA)
|
3,438
|
+/-1,563
|
yes
|
|
Female full-time, year-round workers
|
29,918
|
(NA)
|
31,799
|
(NA)
|
1,881
|
+/-974
|
yes
|
|
|
|
NUMBER BELOW POVERTY IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS
|
|
Families
|
102,378
|
100%
|
128,732
|
100%
|
26,354
|
+/-15,800
|
yes
|
|
With related children under 18 years
|
86,560
|
84.5%
|
103,518
|
80.4%
|
- 4.1%
|
+/-5.3%
|
no
|
|
With related children under 5 years only
|
26,109
|
25.5%
|
25,846
|
20.1%
|
- 5.4%
|
+/-7.1%
|
no
|
|
|
|
Families with female householder, no husband present
|
62,251
|
100%
|
63,806
|
100%
|
1,555
|
+/-12,621
|
no
|
|
With related children under 18 years
|
55,795
|
89.6%
|
57,064
|
89.4%
|
- 0.2%
|
+/-6.6%
|
no
|
|
With related children under 5 years only
|
16,198
|
26.0%
|
14,517
|
22.8%
|
- 3.2%
|
+/-10.2%
|
no
|
|
|
|
Individuals
|
536,572
|
100%
|
658,116
|
100%
|
121,544
|
+/-70,237
|
yes
|
|
18 years and over
|
319,306
|
59.5%
|
410,256
|
62.3%
|
2.8%
|
+/-0.2%
|
yes
|
|
65 years and over
|
37,439
|
7.0%
|
36,121
|
5.5%
|
- 1.5%
|
+/-1.3%
|
yes
|
|
Related children under 18 years
|
212,786
|
39.7%
|
242,201
|
36.8%
|
- 2.9%
|
+/-5.6%
|
no
|
|
Related children 5 to 17 years
|
130,630
|
24.3%
|
153,835
|
23.4%
|
- 0.9%
|
+/-4.5%
|
no
|
|
Unrelated individuals 15 years and over
|
139,291
|
26.0%
|
161,188
|
24.5%
|
- 1.5%
|
+/-2.3%
|
no
|
|
|
|
PERCENT BELOW POVERTY IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS
|
|
Individuals
|
10.5
|
(NA)
|
12.1
|
(NA)
|
1.6
|
+/-1.3
|
yes
|
|
18 years and over
|
8.7
|
(NA)
|
10.5
|
(NA)
|
1.8
|
+/-1.0
|
yes
|
|
65 years and over
|
9.5
|
(NA)
|
8.7
|
(NA)
|
-0.8
|
+/-2.1
|
no
|
|
Related children under 18 years
|
14.9
|
(NA)
|
16.0
|
(NA)
|
1.1
|
+/-2.8
|
no
|
|
Related children under 5 years
|
20.0
|
(NA)
|
20.1
|
(NA)
|
0.1
|
+/-4.3
|
no
|
|
Related children 5 to 17 years
|
12.8
|
(NA)
|
14.3
|
(NA)
|
1.5
|
+/-3.0
|
no
|
|
Unrelated individuals 15 years and over
|
16.7
|
(NA)
|
18.5
|
(NA)
|
1.8
|
+/-2.5
|
no
|
|
|
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