Data followed by an * indicates a Significant Difference at the 90 percent level between that data and the data from the most current year. Data followed by a "c" indicates the estimate for that year and the current year are both controlled; a statistical test is not appropriate.
TABLE 3. SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS
2003 Estimate
2002 Estimate
2001 Estimate
2000 Estimate
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
Population 16 years and over
9,453,007
9,390,748 *
9,389,980 *
9,200,772 *
In labor force
67.30%
68.32% *
67.77%
67.56%
Civilian labor force
67.18%
68.19% *
67.68%
67.43%
Employed
61.46%
62.22% *
62.82% *
63.65% *
Unemployed
541,083
560,689
456,389 *
347,670 *
Percent unemployed
8.5
8.8
7.2 *
5.6 *
Armed Forces
0.12%
0.12%
0.09%
0.12%
Not in labor force
32.70%
31.68% *
32.23%
32.44%
Females 16 years and over
4,888,881
4,862,740 *
4,880,586
4,780,622 *
In labor force
59.84%
61.15% *
60.64%
60.43%
Civilian labor force
59.80%
61.13% *
60.60%
60.40%
Employed
55.03%
55.90%
56.43% *
56.97% *
Own children under 6 years
1,013,949
1,026,306
985,838 *
993,449
All parents in family in labor force
59.83%
59.55%
59.62%
61.42%
Own children 6 to 17 years
2,034,661
2,031,851
1,949,371 *
2,053,992
All parents in family in labor force
67.68%
71.09% *
70.32% *
69.91% *
Population 16 to 19 years
636,124
637,117
655,031 *
634,644
Not enrolled in school and not a H.S. graduate
7.68%
7.66%
9.85% *
9.50%
Unemployed or not in the labor force
4.70%
4.37%
5.56%
4.82%
COMMUTING TO WORK
Workers 16 years and over
5,670,306
5,693,703
5,748,459 *
5,724,331
Car, truck, or van -- drove alone
75.44%
74.15%
73.84% *
73.24% *
Car, truck, or van -- carpooled
9.53%
10.27%
10.47% *
10.53% *
Public transportation (including taxicab)
8.37%
8.66%
9.08% *
9.31% *
Walked
2.46%
2.93% *
2.48%
2.98% *
Other means
1.06%
0.98%
1.07%
1.11%
Worked at home
3.14%
3.00%
3.06%
2.83%
Mean travel time to work (minutes)
27.0
26.7
27.2
27.0
Employed civilian population 16 years and over
5,809,591
5,843,286
5,899,101 *
5,856,617
OCCUPATION
Management, professional, and related occupations
34.04%
33.90%
34.22%
33.88%
Service occupations
14.77%
14.73%
14.41%
14.17%
Sales and office occupations
27.46%
28.04%
27.07%
27.70%
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations
0.26%
0.28%
0.31%
0.30%
Construction, extraction, and maintenance occupations
8.69%
8.04% *
8.18%
7.88% *
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations
14.79%
15.01%
15.82%
16.07%
INDUSTRY
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining
1.08%
1.24%
1.13%
1.17%
Construction
6.37%
5.86% *
5.88%
5.51% *
Manufacturing
14.66%
14.74%
15.68%
16.34% *
Wholesale trade
4.19%
3.99%
4.16%
4.02%
Retail trade
11.14%
11.29%
11.10%
11.54%
Transportation and warehousing, and utilities
5.49%
6.19% *
6.36% *
6.28% *
Information
2.88%
2.78%
3.25% *
3.09%
Finance, insurance, real estate, and rental and leasing
8.02%
8.01%
7.43% *
7.23% *
Professional, scientific, management, administrative, and waste management services
9.71%
9.93%
10.44% *
10.03%
Educational, health, and social services
20.09%
19.58%
19.03%
18.88% *
Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation, and food services
7.56%
7.51%
7.24%
7.10%
Other services (except public administration)
4.90%
4.71%
4.54%
4.62%
Public administration
3.92%
4.16%
3.76%
4.19%
CLASS OF WORKER
Private wage and salary workers
80.89%
80.69%
81.61%
81.42%
Government workers
13.37%
13.70%
12.88%
12.84%
Self-employed workers in own not incorporated business
5.48%
5.35%
5.25%
5.49%
Unpaid family workers
0.27%
0.25%
0.27%
0.25%
INCOME AND BENEFITS (IN 2003 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS)
Total households
4,624,605
4,627,667
4,600,321
4,540,397 *
Less than $10,000
8.08%
8.41%
8.66%
7.96%
$10,000 to $14,999
5.76%
5.87%
5.55%
5.43%
$15,000 to $24,999
11.29%
11.04%
10.82%
10.76%
$25,000 to $34,999
11.16%
10.74%
11.64%
11.36%
$35,000 to $49,999
15.46%
16.15%
15.25%
15.66%
$50,000 to $74,999
20.10%
19.32%
19.89%
19.31%
$75,000 to $99,999
11.97%
12.18%
12.08%
12.55%
$100,000 to $149,999
10.02%
9.99%
10.29%
10.81% *
$150,000 to $199,999
3.30%
3.32%
2.98%
3.17%
$200,000 or more
2.87%
2.98%
2.85%
2.99%
Median household income (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars)
47,977
47,458
47,853
48,737
Mean household income (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars)
63,127
63,243
63,070
65,124 *
With earnings
81.62%
80.90%
81.17%
81.88%
Mean earnings (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars)
64,648
65,597
64,726
66,545 *
With Social Security
25.00%
24.54%
24.82%
25.56%
Mean Social Security income (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars)
12,940
12,842
12,680
12,606
With retirement income
15.21%
15.65%
15.37%
15.33%
Mean retirement income (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars)
17,804
16,095 *
17,426
16,515 *
With Supplemental Security Income
3.16%
3.13%
3.19%
3.08%
Mean Supplemental Security Income (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars)
6,723
6,712
6,625
6,507
With cash public assistance income
1.91%
2.12%
2.10%
2.26% *
Mean cash public assistance income (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars)
2,418
2,666
2,288
2,752
With Food Stamp benefits in the past 12 months
6.20%
5.85%
6.20%
6.29%
Families
3,096,967
3,085,932
3,036,420 *
3,053,061
Less than $10,000
4.85%
5.20%
4.72%
4.70%
$10,000 to $14,999
3.48%
3.40%
3.34%
3.51%
$15,000 to $24,999
8.83%
8.64%
8.37%
8.10%
$25,000 to $34,999
10.26%
9.51% *
10.47%
9.82%
$35,000 to $49,999
15.24%
15.52%
14.86%
15.56%
$50,000 to $74,999
22.01%
21.47%
22.01%
21.49%
$75,000 to $99,999
14.30%
15.06%
15.08%
15.20% *
$100,000 to $149,999
12.91%
12.88%
13.41%
13.62%
$150,000 to $199,999
4.26%
4.44%
3.88%
4.05%
$200,000 or more
3.87%
3.89%
3.86%
3.96%
Median family income (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars)
57,385
57,916
58,326
58,993
Mean family income (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars)
73,600
73,848
74,370
75,674
Per capita income (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars)
24,694
24,914
25,228
25,073
Nonfamily households
1,527,638
1,541,735
1,563,901
1,487,336
Median nonfamily income (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars)
29,530
29,406
28,853
30,153
Mean nonfamily income (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars)
39,615
39,717
39,062
40,722
Median earnings (in 2003 inflation-adjusted dollars):
