American Community Survey (ACS)

Population and Housing Profile:  Phoenix city, Arizona

NOTES: The population estimates in this profile are limited to the household population and exclude the population living in institutions, college dormitories, and other group quarters.  

In the narrative profile below, if one sample estimate is larger than another, it does not necessarily mean that the same holds for their true values for the entire population. These estimates are derived from a sample of housing units and measure the true values with a degree of uncertainty. In the tabular profiles this uncertainty is represented by the 90 percent confidence interval given for each estimate. For further information on confidence intervals see the Accuracy of the Data document.

Caution should be used when comparing data by race for years before 1999 with those for 2000 due to the Census Bureau's implementation of the October 1997 revised standards for data on race and ethnicity. For the 2000 data, respondents may report one or more races and there are seven (American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, White, Some other race, and Two or more races) instead of five racial tabulation categories. The Two or more races category includes all respondents who reported more than one race. See the methodology section for more details regarding these changes.

In addition, caution should be used when comparing population numbers by age, race, and sex for 2000 with all earlier years. The numbers for 2000 have been weighted to be generally consistent with Census 2000 counts.

Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. Percentages are based on unrounded numbers.

For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, go to the American Community Survey web site www.census.gov/acs/www/ and click on Advanced Methodology.

POPULATION OF Phoenix city: In 2001, Phoenix city had a household population of 1.3 million - 643,000 (49 percent) females and 658,000 (51 percent) males. The median age was 29.7 years. Thirty-one percent of the population were under 18 years and 8 percent were 65 years and older.

For people reporting one race, 74 percent were White alone; 5 percent were Black or African American; 2 percent were American Indian and Alaska Native; 2 percent were Asian; less than 0.5 percent were Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, and 17 percent were Some other race. Three percent reported Two or more races. Thirty-five percent of the people in Phoenix city were Hispanic. Fifty-five percent of the people in Phoenix city were White non-Hispanic. People of Hispanic origin may be of any race.

HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES: In 2001 there were 462,000 households in Phoenix city. The average household size was 2.81 people.

Families made up 66 percent of the households in Phoenix city that year. This figure includes both married-couple families (45 percent) and other families (20 percent). Nonfamily households made up 34 percent of all households in Phoenix city. Most of the nonfamily households were people living alone, but some were comprised of people living in households in which no one was related to the householder.

NATIVITY AND LANGUAGE: Nineteen percent of the people living in Phoenix city in 2001 were foreign born. Eighty-one percent were native, including 46 percent who were born in Arizona.

Among people at least five years old living in Phoenix city in 2001, 33 percent spoke a language other than English at home. Of those speaking a language other than English at home, 85 percent spoke Spanish and 15 percent spoke some other language; 47 percent reported that they did not speak English "very well."

GEOGRAPHIC MOBILITY: In 2001, 80 percent of the people at least one year old living in Phoenix city were living in the same residence one year earlier; 14 percent had moved during the past year from another residence in the same county, 1 percent from another county in the same state, 5 percent from another state, and 1 percent from abroad.

EDUCATION: In 2001, 76 percent of people 25 years and over had at least graduated from high school and 23 percent had a bachelor's degree or higher. Among people 16 to 19 years old, 17 percent were dropouts; they were not enrolled in school and had not graduated from high school.

The total school enrollment in Phoenix city was 348,000 in 2001. Preprimary school enrollment was 38,000 and elementary or high school enrollment was 241,000 children. College enrollment was 69,000.

DISABILITY: In Phoenix city, among people at least five years old in 2001, 13 percent reported a disability. The likelihood of having a disability varied by age - from 5 percent of people 5 to 20 years old, to 13 percent of people 21 to 64 years old, and to 45 percent of those 65 and older.

INDUSTRIES: In 2001, for the employed population 16 years and older, the leading industries in Phoenix city were Educational, health, and social services, 15 percent, and Professional and business services, 13 percent.

OCCUPATIONS AND TYPE OF EMPLOYER: Among the most common occupations were: Management, professional, and related occupations, 30 percent; Sales and office occupations, 29 percent; Service occupations, 15 percent; Construction, extraction, and maintenance occupations, 14 percent; and Production, transportation, and material moving occupations, 12 percent. Eighty-three percent of the people employed were Private wage and salary workers; 11 percent were Federal, state, or local government workers; and 6 percent were Self-employed.

TRAVEL TO WORK: Seventy-four percent of Phoenix city workers drove to work alone in 2001, 14 percent carpooled, 4 percent took public transportation, and 4 percent used other means. The remaining 3 percent worked at home. Among those who commuted to work, it took them on average 24 minutes to get to work.

INCOME: The median income of households in Phoenix city was $40,344. Eighty-six percent of the households received earnings and 13 percent received retirement income other than Social Security. Twenty percent of the households received Social Security. The average income from Social Security was $11,714. These income sources are not mutually exclusive; that is, some households received income from more than one source.

POVERTY AND PARTICIPATION IN GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS: In 2001, 15 percent of people were in poverty. Twenty percent of related children under 18 were below the poverty level, compared with 12 percent of people 65 years old and over. Twelve percent of all families and 27 percent of families with a female householder and no husband present had incomes below the poverty level. Eighteen percent of the households in Phoenix city received means-tested public assistance or noncash benefits. 

HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS: In 2001, Phoenix city had a total of 507,000 housing units, 8.7 percent of which were vacant. Of the total housing units, 65 percent were in single-unit structures, 33 percent were in multi-unit structures, and 3 percent were mobile homes. Twenty-one percent of the housing units were built since 1990.

OCCUPIED HOUSING UNIT CHARACTERISTICS: In 2001, Phoenix city had 462,000 occupied housing units - 281,000 (61 percent) owner occupied and 181,000 (39 percent) renter occupied. Four percent of the households did not have telephone service and 8 percent of the households did not have access to a car, truck, or van for private use. Multi-vehicle households were not rare. Forty percent had two vehicles and another 13 percent had three or more.

HOUSING COSTS: The median monthly housing costs for (specified) mortgaged owners was $1,066, (specified) nonmortgaged owners $316, and (specified) renters $643. Thirty-two percent of owners with mortgages, 7 percent of owners without mortgages, and 48 percent of renters in Phoenix city spent 30 percent or more of household income on housing.