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Cost of Living Index--Selected Metropolitan Areas: Fourth Quarter 2004vSource: ACCRA, 4232 King St., Alexandria, VA 22302-1507, ACCRA Cost of Living Index, Fourth Quarter 2004 (copyright) Fairbanks, AK Flagstaff, AZFayetteville, AR Fresno, CA Colorado Springs, CO Dover, DE&Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VAFort Walton, FL Albany, GA Boise, ID Peoria, IL Evansville, INCedar Rapids, IA Lawrence, KS Covington, KYBaton Rouge, LA Baltimore, MD Boston, MAGrand Rapids, MI Rochester, MNHattiesburg, MS Columbia, MO Billings, MT Lincoln, NE Las Vegas, NV Buffalo, NY Asheville, NCBismarck-Mandan, ND Akron, OH Muskogee, OKPhiladelphia, PA Camden, SCChattanooga, TN-GA Abilene, TXSalt Lake City, UT Burlington-Chittenden County, VTBellingham, WA Huntington, WV Appleton, WI Cheyenne, WY Sumter, SC MetroDecatur-Hartselle, ALBirmingham, AL Florence, ALHuntsville, AL Mobile, ALMontgomery, ALTuscaloosa, AL Tucson, AZ Fort Smith, ARJonesboro, AR Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA San Diego, CA Riverside City, CASan Francisco, CA Denver, CO Fort Collins, CO Pueblo, COWilmington, DEJacksonville, FL Orlando, FLPanama City, FL Pensacola, FL Sarasota, FLSt. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL Tampa, FL Atlanta, GAAugusta-Aiken, GA-SCSpringfield, ILLafayette, IN South Bend, INTerre Haute, INWaterloo-Cedar Falls, IA Hopkinsville, KY Lexington, KYLouisville, KY Monroe, LAShreveport-Bossier City, LA#Bethesda-Frederick-Gaithersburg, MDSt. Cloud, MN Jackson, MSSt. Louis, MO-ILSpringfield, MO Missoula, MT Omaha, NEReno-Sparks, NVGlens Falls, NYFayetteville, NCWilmington, NCJackson-Madison County, TNJohnson City, TN Knoxville, TN Memphis, TN Amarillo, TX El Paso, TX Beaumont, TX Longview, TX Lubbock, TX Odessa, TX Sherman-Denison, TX Tyler, TX Olympia, WA Spokane, WA Yakima, WA Transportation Health care Grocery itemsInterpreting the Index  &The ACCRA Cost of Living Index measures relative price levels for consumer goods and services in participating areas. The average for all participating places, both metropolitan and nonmetropolitan, equals 100, and each participant's index is read as a percentage of the average for all places.  ( 0   The Index does not measure inflation (price change over time). Because each quarterly report is a separate comparison of prices at a single point in time, and because both the number and the mix of participants may change from one quarter to the next, index data from different quarters cannot be compared. For inflation data contact the nearest regional office of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.The Index reflects cost differentials for the standard of living present in a professional and/or managerial household. Operationally, this standard of living is set by the weighting structure. Home ownership costs, for example, are more heavily weighted than they would be if the Index were structured to reflect a clerical worker standard of living or average costs for all urban consumers. (Weights for component indices appear above column headings in the complete report -- e.g. 16% for grocery items).Nl     dBecause the number of items priced is limited, it is not valid to treat percentage differences between areas as exact measures. Since judgement sampling is used in this survey, no confidence interval can be determined. Small differences should not be construed as significant, or even as indicating correctly which area is the more expensive place to live.Price Reporting UACCRA stringently reviews all prices reported, and attempts to eliminate errors and noncompliance with pricing specifications. All price data are obtained from sources deemed reliable, but no representation is made as to the complete accuracy thereof. They are published subject to errors, omissions, changes, and withdrawals without notice.Exclusion of Taxes oACCRA is fully cognizant that state and local taxes are an integral part of the cost of living, and that tax burdens vary widely not only among states and metropolitan areas, but even within each metropolitan area. Due to the multiplicity of state and local taxes, taxing jurisdictions, and assessment procedures, it is not feasible to calculate local tax burdens reliably. ACCRA has opted to produce an index which adequately measures differences in goods and services costs, rather than to produce an inaccurate measure which attempts to incorporate taxes levied on real and intangible property, retail sales, and income.&Two Types of Quarterly Data Presented URBAN AREA INDEX DATA: A Composite (Total) Index and six component indices -- Grocery Items, Housing, Utilities, Transportation, Health Care, and Miscellaneous Goods and Services -- are presented. Places are listed by state/province, and each place appears alphabetically within metropolitan area (Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (PMSA) in the U.S., and Census Metropolitan Area in Canada. Nonmetropolitan places are listed alphabetically within each state following listings for places within MSAs. AVERAGE PRICES: The average price reported for every item in the survey is shown in the report for each participating place. Canadian prices are reported in U.S. dollars, using the exchange rate in effect on the Friday during the pricing period. Average home purchase price and average apartment rental price are presented as part of individual comparisons made at the Cost of Living Index Web site. q  *How to Use the ACCRA Cost of Living Index Assume that City A has a composite index of 98.3 and City B has a composite index of 128.5. If you live in City A and are contemplating a job offer in City B, how much of an increase in your after-tax income is needed to maintain your present lifestyle?>100*[(City B - City A)/City A] = 100*(.3072) = 30.72% IncreaseConversely, if your are considering a move from City B to City A, how much of a cut in after-tax income can you sustain without reducing your midmanagement lifestyle??100*[(City A - City B)/City B] = 100*(-.2350) = 23.5% Decrease > Phoenix, AZNew York (Manhattan), NYNew York (Queens), NYCincinnati, OH Cleveland, OHYoungstown-Warren, OHOklahoma City, OK Corvallis, ORPittsburgh, PAYork County, PA Columbia, SCMyrtle Beach, SC Arlington, TXFort Worth, TX Houston, TXSan Antonio, TXHampton Roads-SE Virginia, VA Roanoke, VAMarshfield, WIEau Claire, WI Green Bay, WI Wausau, WI Toledo, OH Mansfield, OHLima, OH Dayton, OH@[Measures relative price levels for consumer goods and services ?in participating areas for a mid-management standard of living. GThe nationwide average equals 100, and each index is read as a percent Cof the national average. The index does not measure inflation, but ;compares prices at a single point in time. Excludes taxes. >Metropolitan areas as defined by the Office of Management and ;Budget. 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