1997 NAICS Definitions
235 Special Trade Contractors

235 Special Trade Contractors

Industries in the Special Trade Contractors subsector engage in specialized construction activities, such as plumbing, painting, and electrical work. Those establishments that engage in activities primarily related to heavy construction, such as grading for highways, are classified in Subsector 234, Heavy Construction. The activities of this subsector may be subcontracted from builders or general contractors or it may be performed directly for project owners. The construction work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, or maintenance and repairs. Special trade contractors usually perform most of their work at the job site, although they may have shops where they perform prefabrication and other work.

2351 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors

23511 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors

235110 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) installing plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning equipment; (2) servicing plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning equipment; and (3) the combined activity of selling and installing plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning equipment. The plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs. The activities performed by these establishments range from duct fabrication and installation at the site to installation of refrigeration equipment, installation of sprinkler systems, and installation of environmental controls.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2351101711Air system balancing and testing contractors
2351101711Air-conditioning installation contractors
2351107699Boiler chipping, scaling, cleaning
2351107699Boiler cleaning
2351101711Boiler contractors
2351101711Drainage system installation (e.g., cesspool, septic tank) construction contractors
2351101711Dry well construction contractors
2351101711Environmental control construction contractors
2351101711Fuel oil burner construction contractors
2351101711Furnace construction contractors
2351101711Gas line hookup construction contractors
2351101711Heat pump construction contractors
2351101711Heating construction contractors
2351101711Mechanical construction contractors
2351101711Plumbing construction contractors
2351101711Refrigeration and freezer installation contractors
2351101711Septic system construction contractors
2351101711Sewer hookup construction contractors
2351101711Solar heating construction contractors
2351101711Sprinkler system construction contractors
2351101711Steam fitting construction contractors
2351101711Sump pump construction contractors
2351101711Ventilating construction contractors
2351101711Water pump construction contractors
2351101711Water system balancing and testing construction contractors

2352 Painting and Wall Covering Contractors

23521 Painting and Wall Covering Contractors

235210 Painting and Wall Covering Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in interior or exterior painting and interior wall covering. The painting and wall covering work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs. Activities performed by these establishments range from bridge, ship, and traffic lane painting to paint and wall covering removal.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2352101721Bridge painting construction contractors
2352101721Electrostatic painting construction contractors
2352101721Highway line painting construction contractors
2352101721House painting construction contractors
2352101721Painting, exterior (except roof) and interior, construction contractors
23521017M Paper hanging or removal construction contractors
2352101721Ship painting construction contractors
2352101721Traffic lane painting construction contractors
23521017M Wall covering or removal construction contractors
2352101721Whitewashing construction contractors

2353 Electrical Contractors

23531 Electrical Contractors

235310 Electrical Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) performing electrical work at the site (e.g., installing wiring); (2) servicing electrical equipment at the site; and (3) the combined activity of selling and installing electrical equipment. The electrical work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2353101731Cable splicing, electrical, construction contractors
2353101731Cable television hookup construction contractors
2353101731Communication equipment construction contractors
2353101731Computer cable construction contractors
2353101731Electrical construction contractors
2353101731Electrical repair construction contractors
2353101731Electronic control system construction contractors
2353101731Fiber optic cable construction contractors
2353101731Highway lighting and electrical signal construction contractors
2353101731Home automation system construction contractors
2353101731Lighting system construction contractors
2353101731Sound equipment construction contractors
2353101731Telecommunications wiring installation contractors

2354 Masonry, Drywall, Insulation, and Tile Contractors

23541 Masonry and Stone Contractors

235410 Masonry and Stone Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in masonry work, stone setting, and other stone work. The masonry work, stone setting, and other stone work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs. Activities performed by establishments in this industry range from the construction of foundations made of block, stone, or brick to glass block laying; exterior marble, granite and slate work; and tuck pointing.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2354101741Bricklaying construction contractors
2354101741Chimney construction contractors
2354101741Concrete block laying construction contractors
2354101741Foundation (e.g., block, brick, stone) construction contractors
2354101741Glass block laying construction contractors
2354101741Granite (i.e., exterior stonework) construction contractors
2354101741Marble, granite, and slatework (i.e., exterior) construction contractors
2354101741Masonry construction contractors
2354101741Refractory brick construction contractors
2354101741Retaining wall, masonary (i.e., brick, stone), construction contractors
2354101741Slate (i.e., exterior) construction contractors
2354101741Stone setting construction contractors
2354101741Stonework construction contractors
2354101741Tuck pointing construction contractors

23542 Drywall, Plastering, Acoustical, and Insulation Contractors

235420 Drywall, Plastering, Acoustical, and Insulation Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drywall, plaster work, acoustical, and building insulation work. The drywall, plaster work, acoustical, and insulation work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs. Plaster work includes applying plain or ornamental plaster, including installation of lathing to receive plaster.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2354201742Acoustical paneling construction contractors
2354201742Ceiling construction contractors
2354201742Drywall construction contractors
2354201742Exterior insulation finishing system construction contractors
2354201743Fresco construction contractors
2354201742Insulation construction contractors
2354201742Lathing construction contractors
2354201742Plastering (i.e., ornamental, plain) construction contractors
2354201742Sound proofing construction contractors
2354201771Stucco construction contractors
2354201742Taping and finishing drywall construction contractors

23543 Tile, Marble, Terrazzo, and Mosaic Contractors

235430 Tile, Marble, Terrazzo, and Mosaic Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) setting and installing ceramic tile, marble (interior only), terrazzo, and mosaic and/or (2) mixing marble particles and cement to make terrazzo at the job site. The tile, marble, terrazzo, and mosaic work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2354301743Mantel construction contractors
2354301743Marble, granite, and slate work (interior) construction contractors
2354301743Mosaic construction contractors (except fresco)
2354301743Terrazzo construction contractors
2354301743Tile construction contractors

2355 Carpentry and Floor Contractors

23551 Carpentry Contractors

235510 Carpentry Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in framing, carpentry, and finishing work. The carpentry work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs. Activities performed by establishments in this industry range from the installation of doors and windows to paneling, steel framing work, and ship joinery.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2355101751Cabinet work on site construction contractors
2355101751Carpentry (rough and framing) construction contractors
2355101751Carpentry (trim and finish) construction contractors
2355101751Door and window construction contractors
2355101751Garage door construction contractors
2355101751Paneling construction contractors
2355101751Post frame construction contractors
2355101751Ship joinery construction contractors
2355101751Steel framing construction contractors
2355101751Store fixture construction contractors (i.e., built-in, on site)
2355101751Window and door construction contractors

23552 Floor Laying and Other Floor Contractors

235520 Floor Laying and Other Floor Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the installation of resilient floor tile, carpeting, linoleum, and wood or resilient flooring. The floor laying and other floor work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2355201752Asphalt tile construction contractors
2355201752Carpet laying or removal construction contractors
2355201752Floor laying, finishing, or refinishing construction contractors
2355201752Linoleum construction contractors
2355201752Resilient flooring construction contractors
2355201752Vinyl flooring construction contractors
2355201752Wood flooring construction contractors

2356 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Contractors

23561 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Contractors

235610 Roofing, Siding, and Sheet Metal Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the installation of roofing, siding, sheet metal work, and roof drainage-related work, such as downspouts and gutters. Activities performed by these establishments also include treating roofs (i.e., by spraying, painting, or coating), copper smithing, tin smithing, installing skylights, installing metal ceilings, flashing, duct work, and capping. The roofing, siding, and sheet metal work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2356101761Architectural sheet metal construction contractors
2356101761Ceiling metal construction contractors
2356101761Copper smithing contractors, in connection with construction work
2356101761Downspout construction contractors
2356101761Duct work, sheet metal, construction contractors
2356101761Flashing construction contractors
2356101761Gutter and down spout construction contractors
2356101761Metal ceiling construction contractors
2356101761Painting, roof, construction contractors
2356101761Roof spraying, painting or coating, construction contractors
2356101761Roofing construction contractors
2356101761Sheet metal work (except plumbing, heating, air-conditioning) construction contractors
2356101761Siding construction contractors
2356101761Skylight construction contractors
2356101761Tin smithing contractors, in connection with construction work

2357 Concrete Contractors

23571 Concrete Contractors

235710 Concrete Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the use of concrete and asphalt to produce parking areas, building foundations, structures, and retaining walls, and in the use of all materials to produce patios, private driveways, and private walks. Activities performed by these establishments include grout and shotcrete work. The concrete work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2357101771Asphalt seal coating construction contractors
2357101771Asphalting of private driveways and parking areas construction contractors
2357101771Blacktop, private driveways and parking areas, construction contractors
2357101771Concrete construction contractors (i.e., parking areas, private driveways, sidewalks)
2357101771Concrete finishing construction contractors
2357101771Concrete pumping construction contractors
2357101771Culvert construction contractors
2357101771Curb construction contractors
2357101771Driveway construction contractors
2357101771Foundations of buildings, poured concrete, construction contractors
2357101771Gravel walk and driveway construction contractors
2357101771Grout constuction contractors
2357101771Parking lot construction contractors
2357101771Patio construction contractors
2357101771Retaining wall, concrete, construction contractors
2357101771Shotcrete construction contractors
2357101771Sidewalk, private, construction contractors

2358 Water Well Drilling Contractors

23581 Water Well Drilling Contractors

235810 Water Well Drilling Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drilling, tapping, and capping of water wells, and geothermal drilling. The water well drilling work performed includes new work, servicing, and maintenance and repairs.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2358101781Capping of water wells construction contractors
2358101781Drilling water wells construction contractors
2358101781Geothermal drilling construction contractors
2358101781Ground source heat pump construction contractors
2358101781Water well drilling (except oil or gas field water intake) construction contractors

2359 Other Special Trade Contractors

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in specialized construction activities (except plumbing, painting, electrical, masonry, drywall, insulation, tile, carpentry, flooring work, roofing, siding, sheet metal, concrete, and water well drilling).

23591 Structural Steel Erection Contractors

235910 Structural Steel Erection Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) erecting metal, structural steel, and similar products of prestressed or precast concrete to produce structural elements, building exteriors, and elevator fronts; (2) setting rods, bars, rebar, mesh, and cages, to reinforce poured-in-place concrete; and (3) erecting cooling towers and metal storage tanks. The structural steel erection work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, reconstruction, and maintenance and repairs.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2359101791Building front metal, construction contractors
2359101791Concrete products (e.g., structural precast or prestressed), placement, construction contractors
2359101791Concrete reinforcement placement, construction contractors
2359101791Cooling tower construction contractors
2359101791Curtain wall construction contractors
2359101791Iron work structural, construction contractors
2359101791Metal furring contractors
2359101791Precast concrete product placement construction contractors
2359101791Rebar construction contractors
2359101791Steel work structural, construction contractors
2359101791Storage tanks, metal, construction contractors
2359101791Store front metal, installation, construction contractors
2359101791Structural steel construction contractors

23592 Glass and Glazing Contractors

235920 Glass and Glazing Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing glass (i.e., glazing work) and/or tinting glass. The glass work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2359201793Glass installation (except automotive) construction contractors
2359201799Glass tinting (except automotive) construction contractors
2359201793Glass work (except automotive) construction contractors
2359201793Glazing construction contractors

23593 Excavation Contractors

235930 Excavation Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in preparing land for building construction. Activities performed by these establishments are drilling shafts, foundation digging, foundation drilling, and grading. The excavation work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and repairs.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2359301794Boring contractors, building construction
2359301794Caisson contractors, building construction
2359301794Drilled pier construction contractors
2359301794Drilled shaft construction contractors
2359301794Excavation construction contractors
2359301794Foundation digging (i.e., excavation) construction contractors
2359301794Foundation drilling construction contractors
2359301794Grading for buildings, construction contractors
2359301794Piling (i.e., bored, cast-in-place, drilled) construction contractors

23594 Wrecking and Demolition Contractors

235940 Wrecking and Demolition Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the wrecking and demolition of buildings and other structures, including underground tank removal and the dismantling of steel oil tanks, except those for hazardous materials. The establishments engaged in wrecking and demolition work may or may not sell materials derived from demolishing operations.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2359401795Concrete breaking and cutting construction contractors
2359401795Demolition of buildings or other structures construction contractors
2359401795Dismantling steel oil tanks (except oil field work) construction contractors
2359401795Underground tank removal construction contractors
2359401795Wrecking, buildings or other structures, construction contractors

23595 Building Equipment and Other Machinery Installation Contractors

235950 Building Equipment and Other Machinery Installation Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) the installation or dismantling of building equipment, machinery or other industrial equipment (except plumbing, heating, air conditioning or electrical equipment); (2) machine rigging; and (3) millwriting. Types of equipment installed include automated and revolving doors, conveyor systems, dumbwaiters, dust collecting equipment, elevators, small incinerators, pneumatic tubes systems, and built-in vacuum cleaning systems. The building equipment and other machinery installation work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2359501796Automated and revolving door construction contractors
2359501796Conveyor system construction contractors
2359501796Dismantling of machinery and other industrial equipment construction contractors
2359501796Dumbwaiter construction contractors
2359501796Dust collecting equipment construction contractors
2359501796Elevator installation contractors
2359501796Escalator installation contractors
2359501796Incinerators, small, construction contractors
2359501796Installation of machinery and other industrial equipment construction contractors
2359501796Machine rigging construction contractors
2359501796Millwrights
2359501796Pneumatic tube system constuction contractors
2359501796Power generating equipment construction contractors
2359501796Revolving door construction contractors
2359501796Vacuum cleaning systems, built-in, construction contractors

23599 All Other Special Trade Contractors

235990 All Other Special Trade Contractors

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in specialized construction work, (except plumbing, painting, electrical, masonry, drywall, insulation, tile, carpentry, flooring, roofing, siding, sheet metal work, concrete work, glass and glazing, structural steel erection, excavation, wrecking and demolition, and building equipment installation work). Activities undertaken by these establishments include constructing swimming pools and fences, house moving, waterproofing, dewatering, dampproofing, fireproofing, and sandblasting; installing antennas, artificial turf, awnings, countertops, fire escapes, forms for poured concrete, gasoline pumps, lightning conductors, ornamental metal, shoring systems, and signs (on buildings); and specialized activities, such as bathtub refinishing, coating and glazing of concrete surfaces, gas leakage detection, insulation of pipes and boilers, mobile home site setup and tie-down, posthole digging, radon remediation, scaffolding work, and on-site welding. The other special trade work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, and maintenance and repairs.

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NAICSSICCorresponding Index Entries
2359901799Anchored earth retention construction contractors
2359901799Antenna installation construction contractors
2359901799Artificial turf construction contractors
2359901799Awning construction contractors
2359901799Bathtub refinishing construction contractors
2359901799Bowling alley installation and service construction contractors
2359901799Cleaning building exteriors construction contractors
2359901799Cleaning new buildings after construction contractors
2359901799Coating and glazing of concrete surfaces construction contractors
2359901799Coating of concrete structures with plastics, construction contractors
2359901799Concrete form construction contractors
2359901799Counter top construction contractors
2359901799Dampproofing, building, construction contractors
2359901799Dewatering construction contractors
2359901799Fence construction contractors
2359901799Fire escape construction contractors
2359901799Fireproofing buildings construction contractors
2359901799Forms for poured concrete construction contractors
2359901799Gas leakage detection contractors
2359901799Gasoline pump construction contractors
2359901799Glazing concrete surfaces, construction contractors
2359901799House moving construction contractors
2359901799Insulating pipes and boilers construction contractors
2359901799Insulation of pipes and boilers construction contractors
2359901799Lead burning construction contractors
2359901799Lightning conductor construction contractors
2359901799Mobile home site setup and tie down construction contractors
2359901799Ornamental metalwork construction contractors
2359901799Posthole digging construction contractors
2359901799Radon remediation construction contractors
2359901799Sandblasting of building exteriors construction contractors
2359901799Scaffolding construction contractors
2359901799Shoring and underpinning construction contractors
2359901799Sign contractors, installation (on buildings)
2359901799Spectator seating construction contractors
2359901799Steeplejacks
2359901799Swimming pool construction contractors
2359901799Waterproofing construction contractors
2359901799Welding, on site, construction contractors
2359901799Window shade installation construction contractors