Part IV--Proposed New Industry Structure for Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing Section A--NAICS Structure North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Agreement Number 7 This Document represents the proposed agreement on the structure of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) for the following industries: Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing The detailed NAICS structure along with a brief description of the structure is attached (Attachments 1 and 2). Each country agrees to release a copy of the proposed NAICS structure to interested data users . Comments received will be shared among the countries and additional discussions will be held before a final decision on the structure is made. Each country may add additional detailed industries, below the 4-digit level of NAICS, as necessary to meet national needs, so long as this additional detail aggregates to a 4-digit NAICS level in order to ensure full comparability among the three countries. This NAICS structure was presented and provisionally accepted at the NAICS Committee meeting held August 30, 1995 - September 1, 1995 in Washington, D.C. Accepted: Signature Date Canada /S/ Jacob Ryten 9/1/95 Mexico /S/ Enrique Ordaz 9/1/95 United States /S/ Jack E. Triplett 9/1/95 ATTACHMENT 1--NAICS STRUCTURE XX Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing XXX Forging and Stamping XXXX Forging and Stamping XXX Cutlery and Hand Tool Manufacturing XXXX Cutlery and Hand Tool Manufacturing XXX Architectural and Structural Metal Manufacturing XXXX Platework and Fabricated Structural Product Manufacturing XXXX Ornamental and Architectural Metal Product Manufacturing XXX Boiler, Tank, and Shipping Container Manufacturing XXXX Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing XXXX Metal Tank (Heavy Gauge) Manufacturing XXXX Metal Can, Box, and Other Metal Container (Light Gauge) Manufacturing XXX Hardware Manufacturing XXXX Hardware Manufacturing XXX Spring, Wire and Turned Product Manufacturing XXXX Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing XXXX Turned Product Manufacturing XXX Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing XXXX Metal Valve Manufacturing XXXX All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing XXX Machine Shops and Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities XXXX Machine Shops XXXX Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities Attachment 2--North American Industry Classification System Draft Classification for: Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing Representatives of the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico, and the United States agree to a draft industrial classification for these industries. This draft classification applies to the subsector Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. This subsector is further sub-divided into eight industry groups and fourteen industries. The subsector will be part of the Manufacturing sector of the classification. A General Outline The Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing industries transform metal into intermediate or end products, other than machinery, computers and electronics, and metal furniture. Some important fabricated metal processes are forging, stamping, bending, forming, and machining, which are used to shape individual pieces of metal. Processes such as welding and assembling are used to join separate parts together. Establishments may use one of these processes or they may be used in combination. The NAICS structure distinguishes the forging and stamping processes in a single industry. Other industries identify categories of products whose manufacture involves similar combinations of processes. For example, establishments in Platework and Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing work with light gauge metal. NAICS makes a basic distinction between establishments that draw wire from bars or rods, and those that purchase wire and make products from it. The former are classified in the Primary Metal Manufacturing subsector and the latter either in the Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing subsector; in Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing, if the products are not insulated; or if the product is insulated wire, the establishments are classified in the Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing subsector. Limitations and Constraints of the Classification There are some analytical needs that cannot be met by the industrial classification. For example, relatively broad NAICS industries were created for Forging and Stamping; Ornamental and Architectural Metal Product Manufacturing; Metal Can, Box and Other Metal Container (Light Gauge) Manufacturing; and Spring, Wire and Turned Product Manufacturing. The way activities are combined in establishments differs to some extent in some countries. For example, forgings and stampings are often made in the same establishments in Mexico, while they are usually produced in separate establishments in Canada and the United States. More often, size constraints prohibit separation of activities in Canada or Mexico. In the Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing subsector, most activities that were identified in one country exist in the others, but sometimes an activity is not economically significant to the same degree in all countries. For example, Canada cannot support a Precision Turned Product Manufacturing industry because of size. A structure could have been developed that specified such activities in NAICS, but the resulting statistical tables for any given country would have numerous insignificant or suppressed entries. An operating rule has therefore been adopted for this industry subsector that the NAICS industries must be economically significant and publishable. Each country will publish additional categories that comprise sub-divisions of NAICS industries, to present data for activities that are nationally significant. For those users requiring detailed commodity information, each country will publish information on the products of these industries. Efforts are also underway to harmonize the commodity classific Structural Product Manufacturing work with heavy gauge metal; those in Ornamental and Architectural ations to allow for greater comparability of these statistics. Relationship to ISIC Eight industries can be assigned entirely to ISIC Division 28, Manufacture of Fabricated Metal Products, except Machinery and Equipment of the current International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities (ISIC, Revision 3) of the United Nations. The following NAICS industries belong largely to ISIC Division 28 with the exception of the activities indicated: Platework and Fabricated Structural Product Manufacturing (fabricated bar joists and concrete reinforcing bars); Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing (heat exchangers); Metal Valve Manufacturing (hose nozzles, rubber hose and tube assemblies, and metal pipe fittings); All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (industrial patterns, and ball and roller bearings); Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing (wire carts and hand sieves); and Metal Tank (Heavy Gauge) Manufacturing (gas absorbers, autoclaves, buoys, and floating structures). However, because the exceptions indicated above are a relatively small part of the output of these six NAICS industries, one can combine the industries of NAICS for this subsector, and be quite comparable to ISIC 28, Manufacture of Fabricated Metal Products, except Machinery and Equipment. Some Changes to the National Classifications The Forging and Stamping industry represents a major restructuring for Canada. Non-ferrous forgings have been moved from the Primary Metals Major Group, and they are no longer split by type of metal such as aluminum or bronze. Stampings are brought together from two existing CSIC industries. The creation of the Hardware Manufacturing industry represents significant change for both Canada and Mexico. Their current classifications place hardware for transportation equipment in a variety of industries, based on the type of vehicle. All hardware, including locks, is combined in one industry in NAICS. Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating and Allied Activities in NAICS brings together all activities performed on metal, such as coating and heat treating. This is a significant change for Canada and Mexico, whose classifications only distinguish coating activities. For the United States, heat treating of metals is currently in Primary Metal Manufacturing. The creation of a Machine Shop industry is a change for all three countries that currently combine this activity with various others. Other changes for the United States involve the creation of several new national industries within the various NAICS industries. Achievement of Objectives The classification meets the objectives for the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). It is comprised of industries that group establishments with similar production processes, that is, it applies the production-oriented economic concept. The hierarchical structure of the classification also follows the production concept. The classification achieves comparability for the three participating countries. Based on existing data, all three countries expect to be able to publish data regularly at the industry (4-digit) level of the structure. All countries agree on the detailed definitions of the industries. Other objectives of the NAICS project are not as relevant in this area of the classification as in others. These objectives are the delineation of new and emerging industries, service industries and industries engaged in the production of advanced technologies. The industrial sector in question is relatively mature, generally produces goods, and employs relatively stable technology. Therefore, the emphasis is on the objectives listed above. The industries have high specialization ratios, and they are economically significant. The detail (4-digit level) and structure of the classification are balanced in size. This enhances the classification's suitability for sampling and other aspects of survey operations. Finally, disruptions to time series, while they exist, have been minimized. The statistical agencies can develop statistical "links" to enable the re-tabulation of time series on the new NAICS classification structure. Section B-Annex: United States National Industry Detail As explained in the Structure presentation of this notice, for a number of reasons 4-digit industries in the three NAICS industry subsectors presented in Part 1, Section A--Attachment 1, contain less detail than is currently in the U.S. SIC system, and less detail than is required to meet important analytical requirements in the U.S. The three country agreement on NAICS envisions that each country may develop national detailed industries below the NAICS industry level, so long as the national detail can be aggregated to the NAICS classification, thus assuring full North American comparability. The ECPC is proposing U.S. 5-digit industry detail for the three NAICS industry subsectors covered in Part I of this notice. For cases where no 5-digit detail is shown, the ECPC is proposing that the NAICS 4-digit industries will also represent the most detailed U.S. industries. TABLE 1 The definitions of status codes are as follows: E-existing industry; N-new industry; R-revised industry; and * means "part of". The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1997 NAICS and U.S. description Status code 1987 SIC code 1987 SIC description XX Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing XXX Forging and Stamping XXXX Forging and Stamping XXXXX Custom Roll Forming N *3449 Miscellaneous Structural Metal Work (Custom Roll Forming) XXXXX Iron and Steel Forging E 3462 Iron and Steel Forgings XXXXX Nonferrous Forging E 3463 Nonferrous Forgings XXXXX Crown and Closure Manufacturing E 3466 Crowns and Closures XXXXX Metal Stamping and Powder Metallurgy Manufacturing N *3469 Metal Stampings, NEC (Except Kitchen Utensils, and Pots and Pans for Cooking) *3499 Fabricated Metal Products, NEC (Powder Metallurgy) XXX Cutlery and Hand Tool Manufacturing XXXX Cutlery and Hand Tool Manufacturing XXXXX Cutlery and Flatware Manufacturing, except Precious N 3421 Cutlery *3914 Silverware, Plated Ware, and Stainless Steel Ware (Cutlery and Flatware except Precious) XXXXX Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing R 3423 *3523 *3524 *3545 *3799 *3999 Hand and Edge Tools Except Machine Tools and Handsaws Farm Machinery and Equipment (Hand Hair Clippers for Animals) Lawn and Garden Tractors and Home Lawn and Garden Equipment (Nonpowered Lawnmowers) Cutting Tools, Machine Tools Accessories, and Machinist Precision Measuring Devices (Precision Measuring Devices) Transportation Equipment, NEC (Wheelbarrows) Manufacturing Industries, NEC (Tape Measures) XXXXX Saw Blade and Handsaw Manufacturing E 3425 Saw Blades and Handsaws XXXXX Kitchen Utensil, Pot and Pan Manufacturing N *3469 Metal Stampings, NEC (Kitchen Utensils, Pots, and Pans for Cooking) XXX Architectural and Structural Metal Manufacturing XXXX Platework and Fabricated Structural Product Manufacturing XXXXX Fabricated Structural Metal Manufacturing E 3441 Fabricated Structural Metal *3449 Miscellaneous Structural Metal Work (Fabricated Bar Joists and Concrete Reinforcing Bars) XXXXX Plate Work Manufacturing N *3443 Fabricated Plate Work (Boiler Shops) (Fabricated Plate Work and Metal Weldments) XXXXX Prefabricated Metal Building and Component Manufacturing E 3448 Prefabricated Metal Buildings and Components XXXX Ornamental and Architectural Metal Product Manufacturing XXXXX Metal Door, Sash, Frame, Molding, and Trim Manufacturing E 3442 Metal Doors, Sash, Frames, Molding and Trim *3449 Miscellaneous Structural Metal Work (Curtain Wall) XXXXX Sheet Metal Work Manufacturing R *3444 Sheet Metal Work (Ducts, Flumes, Flooring, Siding, Dampers, etc.) XXXXX Ornamental and Architectural Metal Work Manufacturing R 3446 Architectural and Ornamental Metal Work *3449 Miscellaneous Structural Metal Work (Metal Plaster Bases) *3523 Farm Machinery and Equipment (Corrals, Stalls, and Holding Gates) XXX Boiler, Tank, and Shipping Container Manufacturing XXXX Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing N *3443 Fabricated Plate Work (Boiler Shops) (Power Boilers and Heat Exchangers) XXXX Metal Tank Manufacturing (Heavy Gauge) N *3443 Fabricated Plate Work (Boiler Shops) (Heavy Gauge Tanks) XXXX Metal Can, Box, and Other Metal Container (Light Gauge) Manufacturing XXXXX Metal Can Manufacturing E 3411 Metal Cans XXXXX Other Metal Container Manufacturing R 3412 Metal Shipping Barrels, Drums, Kegs, and Pails *3429 Hardware, NEC (Vacuum and Insulated Bottles, Jugs, and Chests) *3444 Sheet Metal Work (Metal Bins and Vats) *3499 Fabricated Metal Products, NEC (Metal Boxes) *3537 Industrial Trucks, Tractors, Trailers, and Stackers (Metal Air Cargo Containers) *5085 Industrial Supplies (Reconditioning Drums) XXX Hardware Manufacturing XXXX Hardware Manufacturing R *3429 Hardware, NEC (Hardware, Except Hose Nozzles, and Vacuum and Insulated Bottles, Jugs and Chests) *3499 Fabricated Metal Products, NEC (Safe and Vault Locks) XXX Spring, Wire and Turned Product Manufacturing XXXX Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing XXXXX Steel Spring Manufacturing, except Wire E 3493 Steel Springs, Except Wire XXXXX Wire Spring Manufacturing E *3495 Wire Springs (Except Watch and Clock Springs) XXXXX Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing R *3315 Steel Wiredrawing and Steel Nails and Spikes (Steel Nails and Spikes Not Made in Wiredrawing Plants) *3399 Primary Metal Products, NEC (Nonferrous Nails, Brads, Staples, etc.) 3496 Miscellaneous Fabricated Wire Products XXXX Turned Product Manufacturing XXXXX Precision Turned Product Manufacturing E 3451 Screw Machine Products XXXXX Bolt, Nut, Screw, Rivet, and Washer Manufacturing E 3452 Bolts, Nuts, Screws, Rivets, and Washers XXX Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing XXXX Metal Valve Manufacturing XXXXX Industrial Valve Manufacturing E 3491 Industrial Valves XXXXX Fluid Power Valve and Hose Fitting Manufacturing R 3492 Fluid Power Valves and Hose Fittings *3728 Aircraft Parts and Auxiliary Equipment, NEC (Fluid Power Aircraft Subassemblies) XXXXX Other Metal Valve and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing R *3429 Hardware, NEC (Hose Nozzles) *3432 Plumbing Fixture Fittings and Trim (Valves Classified as Fittings and Trim) *3494 Valves and Pipe Fittings, NEC (Except Metal Pipe Hangers and Supports) *3499 Fabricated Metal Products, NEC (Metal Aerosol Valves) XXXX All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing XXXXX Enameled Iron and Metal Sanitary Ware Manufacturing E 3431 Enameled Iron and Metal Sanitary Ware XXXXX Small Arms Ammunition Manufacturing E 3482 Small Arms Ammunition XXXXX Ammunition Manufacturing, except Small Arms E 3483 Ammunition, Except for Small Arms XXXXX Small Arms Manufacturing E 3484 Small Arms XXXXX Other Ordnance and Accessory Manufacturing E 3489 Ordnance and Accessories, NEC XXXXX Fabricated Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing E 3498 Fabricated Pipe and Pipe Fittings XXXXX Industrial Pattern Manufacturing E 3543 Industrial Patterns XXXXX Ball and Roller Bearing Manufacturing E 3562 Ball and Roller Bearings XXXXX All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing R *3053 Gaskets, Packing, and Sealing Devices (Metal Gaskets) *3291 Abrasive Products (Steel Wool With or Without Soap) *3432 Plumbing Fixture Fittings and Trim (Metal Shower Rods) *3494 Valves and Pipe Fittings, NEC (Pipe Hangers and Supports) *3497 Metal Foil and Leaf (Foil and Foil Containers) *3499 Fabricated Metal Products, NEC (Other Metal Products) *3537 Industrial Trucks, Tractors, Trailers, and Stackers (Metal Pallets) *3599 Industrial and Commercial Machinery and Equipment, NEC (Flexible Metal Hose) *3993 Signs and Advertising Specialties (Metal Signs) *3999 Manufacturing Industries, NEC (Other Miscellaneous Metal Products, such as Combs, Hair Curlers, etc.) XXX Machine Shops and Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities XXXX Machine Shops N *3599 Industrial and Commercial Machinery and Equipment, NEC (Machine Shops) XXXX Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities XXXXX Metal Heat Treating E 3398 Metal Heat Treating XXXXX Metal Coating, Engraving and Allied Services to Manufacturers, Except Jewelry R *3479 Coating, Engraving, and Allied Services, NEC (Except Jewelry Engraving and Etching) XXXXX Electroplating, Plating, Polishing, Anodizing and Coloring E *3399 Primary Metal Products, NEC (Laminating Steel) TABLE 2 The abbreviation "pt" means "part of", @ means time series break has been created that is greater than 3% of the 1992 value of shipments for the 1987 SIC industry. The abbreviation NEC is used for Not Elsewhere Classified. 1987 SIC code 1987 SIC description 1997 U.S. description 3053@ Gaskets, Packings and Sealing Devices Cork Gaskets, Packing, and Sealing Devices Other Wood Product Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Wood Product Manufacturing, except Furniture subsector) Metal Gaskets, Packing, and Sealing Devices All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (pt) Plastics Gaskets, Packing and Sealing Devices All Other Plastic Product Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Rubber and Plastic Product Manufacturing subsector) Rubber Gaskets, Packing and Sealing Devices All Other Rubber Product Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Rubber and Plastic Product Manufacturing subsector) 3291 Abrasive Products Steel Wool With or Without Soap All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (pt) Abrasive Products (Except Steel Wool With or Without Soap) Abrasive Product Manufacturing (Included in Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing subsector) 3315@ Steel Wiredrawing and Steel Nails and Spikes Steel Wiredrawing and Steel Nails and Spikes (Except Steel Nails and Spikes Not Made in Wiredrawing Plants) Hot-Rolling Mills., Wire Drawing and Other Primary Metal Product Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Primary Metal Manufacturing subsector) Steel Nails and Spikes Not Made in Wiredrawing Plants Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing (pt) 3398 Metal Heat Treating Metal Heat Treating 3399@ Primary Metal Products, NEC Iron and Steel Powder, Paste, Flakes, etc. Hot-Rolling Mills, Wire Drawing, and Other Primary Metal Product Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Primary Metal Manufacturing subsector) Aluminum Powder, Paste Flakes, etc. Aluminum Extruded Product Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Primary Metal Manufacturing subsector) Nonferrous Powder, Paste, Flakes, etc. Secondary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metals (pt) (Included in Primary Metal Manufacturing subsector) Nonferrous Nails, Brads, Staples, etc. Laminated Steel Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing (pt) Electroplating, Plating, Polishing, Anodizing. and Coloring (pt) 3411 Metal Cans Metal Can Manufacturing 3412 Metal Shipping Barrels, Drums, Kegs and Pails Other Metal Container Manufacturing (pt) 3421 Cutlery Cutlery and Flatware Manufacturing, Except Precious (pt) 3423 Hand and Edge Tools, Except Machine Tools and Handsaws Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing (pt) 3425 Saw Blades and Handsaws Saw Blade and Handsaw Manufacturing 3429@ Hardware, NEC Vacuum and Insulated Bottles, Jugs, and Chests Other Metal Container Manufacturing (pt) Hose Nozzles Other Metal Valve and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing (pt) Hardware, NEC (Hardware, Except Hose Nozzles, and Vacuum and Insulated Bottles, Jugs, and Chests) Hardware Manufacturing (pt) 3431 Enameled Iron and Metal Sanitary Ware Enameled Iron and Metal Sanitary Ware Manufacturing 3432 Plumbing Fixture Fittings and Trim Valves Classified as Fittings and Trim Other Valve and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing (pt) Metal Shower Rods All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (pt) 3433 Heating Equipment, Except Electric and Warm Air Furnaces Heating Equipment except Electric Warm Air Furnace Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Machinery Manufacturing subsector) 3441 Fabricated Structural Metal Fabricated Structural Metal Manufacturing 3442 Metal Doors, Sash, Frames, Molding, and Trim Metal Door, Sash, Frame, Molding, and Trim Manufacturing 3443@ Fabricated Plate Work (Boiler Shops) Fabricated Plate Work and Metal Weldments Plate Work Manufacturing Power Boilers and Heat Exchangers Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing Heavy Gauge Tanks Metal Tank Manufacturing (Heavy Gauge) Metal Cooling Towers Air-Conditioning and Warm Air Heating Equipment and Commercial and Industrial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Machinery Manufacturing subsector) 3444 Sheet Metal Work Ducts, Flumes, Flooring. Siding, Dampers, etc. Sheet Metal Work Manufacturing (pt) Metal Bins and Vats Other Metal Container Manufacturing (pt) 3446 Architectural and Ornamental Metal Work Ornamental and Architectural Metal Work Manufacturing (pt) 3448 Prefabricated Metal Buildings and Components Prefabricated Metal Building and Component Manufacturing 3449@ Miscellaneous Structural Metal Work Custom Roll Forming Custom Roll Forming Fabricated Bar Joists and Concrete Reinforcing Bars Fabricated Structural Metal Manufacturing (pt) Curtain Wall Metal Door, Sash Frame, Molding, and Trim Manufacturing (pt) Metal Plaster Bases Ornamental and Architectural Metal Work Manufacturing (pt) 3451 Screw Machine Products Precision Turned Product Manufacturing 3452 Bolts, Nuts, Screws, Rivets, and Washers Bolt, Nut, Screw, Rivet, and Washer Manufacturing 3462 Iron and Steel Forgings Iron and Steel Forging 3463 Nonferrous Forgings Nonferrous Forging 3465 Automotive Stampings Motor Vehicle Metal Stamping Manufacturing (Included in Transportation Equipment Manufacturing subsector) 3466 Crowns and Closures Crown and Closure Manufacturing 3469 Metal Stampings, NEC Metal Stampings, NEC (Except Kitchen Utensils, and Pots and Pans for Cooking) Metal Stamping and Powder Metallurgy Manufacturing (pt) Kitchen Utensils, and Pots and Pans for Cooking Kitchen Utensil, Pot, and Pan Manufacturing 3471 Electroplating, Plating, Polishing, Anodizing, and Coloring Electroplating, Plating, Polishing, Anodizing, and Coloring (pt) 3479 Coating, Engraving, and Allied Services, NEC Coating, Engraving, and Allied Services, NEC (Except Jewelry Engraving and Etching) Metal Coating, Engraving, and Allied Services to Manufacturers, except Jewelry Jewelry Engraving and Etching Precious Metal Jewelry Manufacturing (pt) (Included in the Miscellaneous Manufacturing subsector) 3482 Small Arms Ammunition Small Arms Ammunition Manufacturing 3483 Ammunition, Except for Small Arms Ammunition Manufacturing, except Small Arms 3484 Small Arms Small Arms Manufacturing 3489 Ordnance and Accessories, NEC Other Ordnance and Accessory Manufacturing 3491 Industrial Valves Industrial Valve Manufacturing 3492 Fluid Power Valves and Hose Fittings Fluid Power Valve and Hose Fitting Manufacturing 3493 Steel Springs, Except Wire Steel Spring Manufacturing, except Wire 3494 Valves and Pipe Fittings, NEC Valves and Pipe Fittings, NEC (Except Metal Pipe Hangers and Supports) Other Metal Valve and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing (pt) Metal Pipe Hangers and Supports All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (pt) 3495 Wire Springs Wire Springs (Except Watch and Clock Springs) Wire Spring Manufacturing Watch and Clock Springs Watch, Clock, and Part Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing subsector) 3496 Miscellaneous Fabricated Wire Products Other Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing (pt) 3497 Metal Foil and Leaf Laminated Aluminum Foil Rolls/Sheets for Flexible Packaging Uses Laminated Aluminum Foil Manufacturing for Flexible Packaging Uses (Included in Paper Manufacturing subsector) Foil and Foil Containers All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (pt) 3498 Fabricated Pipe and Pipe Fittings Fabricated Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing 3499@ Fabricated Metal Products, NEC Powder Metallurgy Metal Stamping and Powder Metallurgy Manufacturing (pt) Metal Boxes Other Metal Container Manufacturing (pt) Safe and Vault Locks Hardware Manufacturing (pt) Metal Aerosol Valves Other Valve and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing (pt) Metal Furniture Parts, Household Metal Household Furniture Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Furniture Manufacturing subsector) Metal Furniture Parts, Office Metal Office Furniture Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Furniture Manufacturing subsector) Trophies, Except Precious Costume Jewelry Manufacturing (Included in Miscellaneous Manufacturing subsector) Other Metal Products All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (pt) 3523@ Farm Machinery and Equipment Farm Machinery and Equipment (Except Corrals, Stalls, Holding Gates, Hand Hair Clippers for Animals, Farm Conveyors, Elevators, Loaders, Stackers and Bale Throwers) Farm Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing (Included in Machinery Manufacturing subsector) Corrals, Stalls, Holding Gates Ornamental and Architectural Metal Work Manufacturing (pt) Hand Hair Clippers for Animals Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing(pt) Farm Conveyors and Farm Elevators, Stackers, and Bale Throwers Conveyor and Conveying Equipment Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Machinery Manufacturing subsector) 3524 Lawn and Garden Tractors and Home Lawn and Garden Equipment Lawn and Garden Tractors and Home Lawn and Garden Equipment (Except Nonpowered Lawnmowers) Lawn and Garden Tractor and Home Lawn and Garden Equipment Manufacturing (Included in Machinery Manufacturing subsector) Nonpowered Lawnmowers Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing (pt) 3537 Industrial Trucks, Tractors, Trailers, and Stackers Industrial Trucks, Tractors, Trailers, and Stackers (Except Metal Pallets and Air Cargo Containers) Industrial Truck, Tractor, Trailer, and Stacker Manufacturing (Included in Machinery Manufacturing subsector) Metal Pallets All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (pt) Metal Air Cargo Containers Other Metal Container Manufacturing (pt) 3543 Industrial Patterns Industrial Pattern Manufacturing 3545@ Cutting Tools, Machine Tool Accessories, and Machinists' Precision Measuring Devices Cutting Tools, Machine Tool Accessories, and Machinists' Precision Measuring Devices (Except Precision Measuring Devices) Cutting Tool and Machine Tool Accessory Manufacturing (Included in Machinery Manufacturing subsector) Precision Measuring Devices Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing (pt) 3562 Ball and Roller Bearings Ball and Roller Bearing Manufacturing 3599 Industrial and Commercial Machinery and Equipment, NEC Industrial and Commercial Machinery and Equipment, NEC (Except Flexible Metal Hose; Gasoline, Oil and Intake Filters for Internal Combustion Engines, Except those for Motor Vehicles; Carnival Amusement Park Equipment and Machine Shops) Other Industrial Manufacturing and Industrial Commercial Machinery and Equipment (pt) (Included in Machinery Manufacturing subsector) Flexible Metal Hose All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (pt) Gasoline, Oil and Intake Filters for Internal Combustion Engines, Except those for Motor Vehicles Other Motor Vehicle Part Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Transportation Equipment Manufacturing subsector) Carnival Amusement Park Equipment Other Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Machinery Manufacturing subsector) Machine Shops Machine Shops 3728 Aircraft Parts and Auxiliary Equipment, NEC Fluid Power Aircraft Subassemblies Fluid Power Valve and Hose Fitting Manufacturing (pt) Other Aircraft Parts and Equipment Other Aircraft Part and Auxiliary Equipment Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Transportation Equipment Manufacturing subsector) 3799@ Transportation Equipment, NEC Wheelbarrows Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing (pt) Automobile, boat, light truck, and utility trailers Travel Trailer and Camper Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Transportation Equipment Manufacturing subsector) Other All Other Transportation Equipment Manufacturing (Included in Transportation Equipment Manufacturing subsector) 3914 Silverware, Plated Ware, and Stainless Steel Ware Cutlery and Flatware Except Precious Cutlery and Flatware Manufacturing, Except Precious (pt) Silverware, Plated Ware, and Stainless Steel Ware (Except Nonprecious Flatware and Cutlery) Silverware and Plated Ware (Included in Miscellaneous Manufacturing subsector) 3993@ Signs and Advertising Specialties (Metal Signs) Electrical Signs Electric Sign Manufacturing (Included in Electrical Equipment, Appliance and Component Manufacturing subsector) Metal Signs All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (pt) Plastic Signs All Other Plastic Product Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Rubber and Plastic Product Manufacturing subsector) Wood Signs Other Wood Product Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Wood Product Manufacturing, except Furniture subsector) 3999@ Manufacturing Industries, NEC Beauty and Barber Chairs Metal Office Furniture Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Furniture Manufacturing subsector) Burnt Wood Articles Other Wood Product Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Wood Product Manufacturing, except Furniture subsector) Fur Bleaching, Currying, Scraping, Tanning and Dyeing Leather and Hide Tanning and Finishing Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Leather and Leather Product Manufacturing subsector) Lamp Shades of Paper and Textile Other Lighting Equipment Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Electrical Equipment, Appliance and Component Manufacturing subsector) Matches Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Chemical Manufacturing subsector) Metal Products, such as Combs, Hair Curlers, etc. All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (pt) Plastics Products, such as Combs, Hair Curlers, etc. All Other Plastic Product Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Rubber and Plastic Product Manufacturing subsector) Flexographic Printing Eyeglass Frames for the Trade Commercial Flexographic Printing (pt) (Included in Printing and Related Support Activities subsector) Gravure Printing Eyeglass Frames for the Trade Commercial Gravure Printing (pt) (Included in Printing and Related Support Activities subsector) Lithographic Printing Eyeglass Frames for the Trade Commercial Lithographic Printing (pt) (Included in Printing and Related Support Activities subsector) Screen Printing Eyeglass Frames for the Trade Commercial Screen Printing (pt) (Included in Printing and Related Support Activities subsector) Other Printing Eyeglass Frames for the Trade Other Commercial Printing (pt) (Included in Printing and Related Support Activities subsector) Tape Measures Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing (pt) Other All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing (pt) (Included in Miscellaneous Manufacturing subsector) 5085 Industrial Supplies (Wholesale) Reconditioning Drums Other Metal Container Manufacturing (pt) Other (Included in Wholesale subsector) Description of Changes to the U.S. System A number of the changes listed in this section were made for reasons of international comparability. Where one or more of the three North American countries had different definitions of an industry classification, adjustments to the definitions in one or more countries were required. In constructing NAICS, the three countries agreed to move, where change was required to attain international comparability, in the direction of the country or countries whose existing classification definitions most closely corresponded to the production-oriented concept adopted for NAICS. Cases where the U.S. changed are listed below; other cases where Canada or Mexico moved toward the U.S. classification are not, or course, listed in this section. Eight new industries were added to the 1997 industry structure for this industry subsector. Four of these new industries were created by breaking apart 1987 not elsewhere classified (nec) industries. New industries were created for: Custom Roll Forming Manufacturing from part of 1987 SIC 3449, Miscellaneous Structural Metal Work. This was requested by the industry and is defined by production process. Metal Stamping and Powder Metallurgy Manufacturing from part of 1987 SIC 3469, Metal Stampings, NEC, and part of 1987 SIC 3499, Fabricated Metal Products, NEC. This achieves international comparability and combines activities having similar processes. The U.S. moved to match Canada. Cutlery and Flatware Manufacturing, except Precious from 1987 SIC 3421, Cutlery, and part of 1987 SIC 3914, Silverware, Plated Ware, and Stainless Steel Ware, to achieve international comparability. The change combines activities having similar production processes. Kitchen Utensil, Pot and Pan Manufacturing from part of 1987 SIC 3469, Metal Stampings, NEC, to achieve international comparability. Mexico had an industry, CMAP 381411, Manufacturing of Kitchen Utensils, Pots and Pans. Plate Work Manufacturing from part of 1987 SIC 3443, Fabricated Plate Work (Boiler Shops), to achieve international comparability. Both Canadian and Mexican classification systems contained an industry for this activity. Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing from part of 1987 SIC 3443, Fabricated Plate Work (Boiler Shops), to achieve international comparability. Both Canadian and Mexican classification systems contained an industry for this activity. Metal Tank Manufacturing (Heavy Gauge) from part of 1987 SIC 3443, Fabricated Plate Work (Boiler Shops), to achieve international comparability. Both Canadian and Mexican classification systems contained an industry for this activity. Machine Shops from part of 1987 SIC 3599, Industrial and Commercial Machinery and Equipment, NEC, to achieve international comparability, and combine similar production processes. This industry includes establishments engaged in machining or otherwise working of industrial material, on a job or order basis, producing parts from raw materials, or rebuilding existing parts. Two complete industries were transferred out of this industry group, because of NAICS decisions that produced international comparability: Heating Equipment, Except Electric and Warm Air Furnaces was transferred into the Machinery Manufacturing subsector. Motor Vehicle Metal Stampings were transferred into the Transportation Equipment Manufacturing subsector. Four activities were transferred out of 1987 SIC Major Group 34, Fabricated Metal Products, and are described more fully in their new respective NAICS subsectors. Clock and watch spring manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3495, Wire Springs, into Navigational, Measuring and Control Instrument Manufacturing. Metal laminated foil roll and sheet manufacturing for flexible packaging was transferred from part of 1987 SIC 3497, Metal Foil and Leaf, to the subsector for Paper Manufacturing, because the production processes are similar, regardless of the material used. This is the lamination, not creation of foil. Metal cooling tower manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3443, Fabricated Plate Work, to the Machinery Manufacturing subsector for international comparability. In Canada, cooling towers are produced by establishments producing air conditioning equipment. Metal furniture part manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3499, Fabricated Metal Products, NEC, into Metal Furniture Manufacturing. Three industries were transferred into this subsector: Industrial Pattern Manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3543, Industrial Patterns (in the Industrial and Commercial Machinery and Computer Equipment major groups), to achieve international comparability. The U.S. and Mexico moved to match Canada. Metal Heat Treating was transferred from 1987 SIC 3398, Metal Heat Treating (in the Primary Metal Industries major group). This change achieves international comparability. The U.S. moved to match Canada and Mexico. Ball and Roller Bearing Manufacturing from 1987 SIC 3562, Ball and Roller Bearings (in the Industrial and Commercial Machinery and Computer Equipment major group). This reflects the fact that this activity is really metal fabrication. Previously, the U.S., Canada, and Mexico all had this industry in machinery. Seventeen activities were transferred into the Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing subsector: Nonpowered hand-held animal clipper manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3523, Farm Machinery and Equipment, into Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing, to achieve international comparability and combine activities having similar inputs and production processes. Metal corral, stall, and holding gate manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3523, Farm Machinery and Equipment, into Ornamental and Architectural Metal Work Manufacturing, to achieve international comparability. Nonpowered lawnmower manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3524, Lawn and Garden Tractors and Home, Lawn and Garden Equipment, into Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing, to achieve international comparability and combine activities having similar inputs and production processes. The U.S. and Canada moved to agree with Mexico. Precision measuring tool manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3545, Cutting Tools, Machine Tools Accessories and Machinist Precision Measuring Devices, into Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing, to achieve international comparability and combine activities having similar inputs. The U.S. and Canada moved to agree with Mexico. Wheelbarrow manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3799, Transportation Equipment, NEC, into Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing to achieve international comparability. The U.S. and Canada moved to agree with Mexico. Tape measure manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3999, Manufacturing Industries, NEC, into Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing to achieve international comparability. The U.S. and Canada moved to agree with Mexico. Metal air cargo container manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3537, Industrial Trucks, Tractors, Trailers, and Stackers, into Other Metal Container Manufacturing to achieve comparability with Mexico. Metal pallet manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3537, Industrial Trucks, Tractors, Trailers, and Stackers, into All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing to achieve comparability with Mexico. Reconditioning drum manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 5085, Wholesale of Industrial Supplies, into Metal Shipping Barrels, Drums, Kegs, and Pails Manufacturing to achieve comparability with Mexico. In NAICS, rebuilding on a factory basis is placed in the Manufacturing sector. Nonferrous nail, brad and staple manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3399, Primary Metal Products, into Miscellaneous Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing to achieve international comparability, and because of similar production processes. If the process includes drawing, it remains in primary metals. Steel nail, spike, etc., manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3315, Steel Wiredrawing and Steel Nails and Spikes, into Miscellaneous Fabricated Wire Product Manufacturing to achieve international comparability, and because of similar production processes. If the process includes drawing, it remains in primary metals. Metal gasket packing and sealing device manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3053, Gaskets, Packing, and Sealing Devices, into All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing to achieve international comparability. The U.S. and Canada moved to match Mexico. Steel wool manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3291, Abrasive Products, into All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing to achieve international comparability. The U.S. moved to match Canada and Mexico. Flexible metal hose manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3599, Industry and Commercial Machinery and Equipment, NEC, into All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing to achieve international comparability. Metal sign manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3993, Signs and Advertising Specialties, into All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing to achieve international comparability. The U.S. and Canada moved to match Mexico. Comb, hair curler, and other metal product manufacturing was transferred from 1987 SIC 3999, Manufacturing Industries, NEC, into All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing to achieve international comparability. Laminating steel was transferred from 1987 SIC 3399, Primary Metal Products, NEC, into Electroplating, Plating, Polishing, Anodizing and Coloring. This change achieves international comparability. The U.S. moved to match Canada and Mexico. Also, there were several activities that transferred within the Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing subsector. The number of Fabricated Metal Product industries increased from 38 in 1987 to 41 in 1997. For time series linkage, 32 of the 38 1987 industries are comparable within three percent of the 1997 industries.