##11 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting The Sector as a Whole The Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing crops, raising animals, harvesting timber, and harvesting fish and other animals from a farm, ranch, or their natural habitats. The establishments in this sector are often described as farms, ranches, dairies, greenhouses, nurseries, orchards, or hatcheries. A farm may consist of a single tract of land or a number of separate tracts which may be held under different tenures. For example, one tract may be owned by the farm operator and another rented. It may be operated by the operator alone or with the assistance of members of the household or hired employees, or it may be operated by a partnership, corporation, or other type of organization. When a landowner has one or more tenants, renters, croppers, or managers, the land operated by each is considered a farm. The sector distinguishes two basic activities: agricultural production and agricultural support activities. Agricultural production includes establishments performing the complete farm or ranch operation, such as farm owner-operators, tenant farm operators, and sharecroppers. Agricultural support activities include establishments that perform one or more activities associated with farm operation, such as soil preparation, planting, harvesting, and management, on a contract or fee basis. Excluded from the Agriculture, Forestry, Hunting and Fishing sector are establishments primarily engaged in agricultural research and establishments primarily engaged in administering programs for regulating and conserving land, mineral, wildlife, and forest use. These establishments are classified in Industry 54171, Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences; and Industry 92412, Administration of Conservation Programs, respectively. ##111 111 Crop Production Industries in the Crop Production subsector grow crops mainly for food and fiber. The subsector comprises establishments, such as farms, orchards, groves, greenhouses, and nurseries, primarily engaged in growing crops, plants, vines, or trees and their seeds. The industries in this subsector are grouped by similarity of production activity, including biological and physiological characteristics and economic requirements, the length of growing season, degree of crop rotation, extent of input specialization, labor requirements, and capital demands. The production process is typically completed when the raw product or commodity grown reaches the "farm gate" for market, that is, at the point of first sale or price determination. Establishments are classified to the crop production subsector when crop production (i.e., value of crops for market) accounts for one-half or more of the establishment's total agricultural production. Within the subsector, establishments are classified to a specific industry when a product or industry family of products (i.e., oilseed and grain farming, vegetable and melon farming, fruit and tree nut farming) account for one-half or more of the establishment's agricultural production. Establishments with one-half or more crop production with no one product or family of products of an industry accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production are treated as general combination crop farming and are classified in Industry 11199, All Other Crop Farming. Industries in the Crop Production subsector include establishments that own, operate, and manage and those that operate and manage. Those that manage only are classified in Subsector 115, Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry. ##1111 1111 Oilseed and Grain Farming This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing oilseed and/or grain crops and/or (2) producing oilseed and grain seeds. These crops have an annual life cycle and are typically grown in open fields. ##11111 11111 Soybean Farming See industry description for 111110 below. ##111110 111110 Soybean Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing soybeans and/or producing soybean seeds. Establishments engaged in growing soybeans in combination with grain(s) with the soybeans or grain(s) not accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (value of crops for market) are classified in U.S. Industry 111191, Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming. ##11112 11112 Oilseed (except Soybean) Farming See industry description for 111120 below. ##111120 c 111120 Oilseed (except Soybean) Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing fibrous oilseed producing plants and/or producing oilseed seeds, such as sunflower, safflower, flax, rape, canola, and sesame. Growing soybeans--are classified in Industry 111110, Soybean Farming; and Growing oilseed(s) in combination with grain(s) with no one oilseed (or family of oilseeds) or grain(s) (or family of grains) accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (value of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111191, Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming. ##11113 11113 Dry Pea and Bean Farming See industry description for 111130 below. ##111130 c 111130 Dry Pea and Bean Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing dry peas, beans, and/or lentils. Establishments primarily engaged in growing fresh green beans and peas are classified in U.S. Industry 111219, Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming. ##11114 11114 Wheat Farming See industry description for 111140 below. ##111140 111140 Wheat Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing wheat and/or producing wheat seeds. Establishments growing wheat in combination with oilseed(s) with the wheat or oilseed(s) not accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (value of crops for market) are classified in U.S. Industry 111191, Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming. ##11115 11115 Corn Farming See industry description for 111150 below. ##111150 c 111150 Corn Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing corn (except sweet corn) and/or producing corn seeds. Growing sweet corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 111219, Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming; and Growing corn in combination with oilseed(s) with the corn or oilseed(s) not accounting for one-half of the establishment's production (value of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111191, Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming. ##11116 11116 Rice Farming See industry description for 111160 below. ##111160 111160 Rice Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing rice (except wild rice) and/or producing rice seeds. Growing wild rice--are classified in U.S. Industry 111199, All Other Grain Farming; and Engaged in growing rice in combination with oilseed(s) with the rice or oilseed(s) not accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (value of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111191, Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming. ##11119 11119 Other Grain Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing grain(s) and/or producing grain seeds (except wheat, corn, and rice) or (2) growing a combination of grain(s) and oilseed(s) with no one grain (or family of grains) or oilseed (or family of oilseeds) accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (value of crops for market). Combination grain(s) and oilseed(s) establishments may produce oilseed(s) and grain(s) seeds and/or grow oilseed(s) and grain(s). Growing wheat--are classified in U.S. Industry 111140, Wheat Farming; Growing corn (except sweet corn)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111150, Corn Farming; Growing sweet corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 11121, Vegetable and Melon Farming; and Growing rice (except wild rice)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111160, Rice Farming. ##111191 u 111191 Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments engaged in growing a combination of oilseed(s) and grain(s) with no one oilseed (or family of oilseeds) or grain (or family of grains) accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (value of crops for market). These establishments may produce oilseed(s) and grain(s) seeds and/or grow oilseed(s) and grain(s). Establishments engaged in growing one grain (or family of grains) or oilseed (or family of oilseeds) accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (value of crops for market) are classified in Industry Group 1111, Oilseed and Grain Farming accordingly by the prominent grain(s) or oilseed(s) grown. ##111199 u 111199 All Other Grain Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing grains and/or producing grain(s) seeds (except wheat, corn, rice, and oilseed(s) and grain(s) combinations). Growing wheat--are classified in Industry 111140, Wheat Farming; Growing corn--are classified in Industry 111150, Corn Farming; Growing rice (except wild rice)--are classified in Industry 111160, Rice Farming; Growing sweet corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 111219, Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming; and Growing a combination of grain(s) and oilseed(s) with no one grain (or family of grains) or oilseed (or family of oilseeds) accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (value of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111191, Oilseed and Grain Combination Farming. ##1112 1112 Vegetable and Melon Farming This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing root and tuber crops (except sugar beets and peanuts) or edible plants and/or producing root and tuber or edible plant seeds. The crops included in this group have an annual growth cycle and are grown in open fields. Climate and cultural practices limit producing areas but often permit the growing of a combination of crops in a year. ##11121 11121 Vegetable and Melon Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) growing vegetable and/or melon crops; (2) producing vegetable and melon seeds; and (3) growing vegetable and/or melon bedding plants. Growing sugar beets--are classified in Industry 11199, All Other Crop Farming; Growing vegetables and melons under glass or protective cover--are classified in Industry 11141, Food Crops Grown Under Cover; Growing dry peas and beans--are classified in Industry 111130, Dry Pea and Bean Farming; Growing corn (except sweet corn)--are classified in Industry 111150, Corn Farming; Canning, pickling, and/or drying (artificially) vegetables--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling and Drying; and Growing fruit on trees and other fruit-bearing plants (except melons)--are classified in Industry Group 1113, Fruit and Tree Nut Farming. ##111211 c 111211 Potato Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing potatoes and/or producing seed potatoes (except sweet potatoes). Growing sweet potatoes, cassava, and yams--are classified in U.S. Industry 111219, Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming; and Canning or drying potatoes--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling and Drying. ##111219 c 111219 Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) growing melons and/or vegetables (except potatoes; dry peas; dry beans; field, silage, or seed corn; and sugar beets); (2) producing vegetable and/or melon seeds; and (3) growing vegetable and/or melon bedding plants. Growing potatoes--are classified in U.S. Industry 111211, Potato Farming; Growing sugar beets--are classified in U.S. Industry 111991, Sugar Beet Farming; Growing vegetables and melons under glass or protective cover--are classified in U.S. Industry 111419, Other Food Crops Grown Under Cover; Growing dry peas and beans--are classified in Industry 111130, Dry Pea and Bean Farming; Growing corn (except sweet corn)--are classified in Industry 111150, Corn Farming; Canning, pickling, and/or drying (artificially) vegetables--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling and Drying; and Growing fruit on trees and other fruit-bearing plants (except melons)--are classified in Industry Group 1113, Fruit and Tree Nut Farming. ##1113 1113 Fruit and Tree Nut Farming This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing fruit and/or tree nut crops. The crops included in this industry group are generally not grown from seeds and have a perennial life cycle. ##11131 11131 Orange Groves See industry description for 111310 below. ##111310 111310 Orange Groves This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing oranges. ##11132 11132 Citrus (except Orange) Groves See industry description for 111320 below. ##111320 c 111320 Citrus (except Orange) Groves This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing citrus fruits (except oranges). Establishments primarily engaged in growing oranges are classified in Industry 111310, Orange Groves. ##11133 11133 Noncitrus Fruit and Tree Nut Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) growing noncitrus fruits (e.g., apples, grapes, berries, peaches); (2) growing tree nuts (e.g., pecans, almonds, pistachios); or (3) growing a combination of fruit(s) and tree nut(s) with no one fruit (or family of fruit) or family of tree nuts accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (value of crops for market). Harvesting berries or nuts from native and noncultivated plants--are classified in Industry 113210, Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products; and Canning and/or drying (artificially) fruit--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling and Drying. ##111331 u 111331 Apple Orchards This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing apples. Establishments engaged in growing apples in combination with tree nut(s) with the apples or family of tree nuts not accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for market) are classified in U.S. Industry 111336, Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming. ##111332 u 111332 Grape Vineyards This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing grapes and/or growing grapes to sun dry into raisins. Drying grapes artificially--are classified in U.S. Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing; and Growing grapes in combination with tree nut(s) with the grapes or family of tree nuts not accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111336, Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming. ##111333 u 111333 Strawberry Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing strawberries. Establishments engaged in growing strawberries in combination with tree nut(s) with the strawberries or family of tree nuts not accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for market) are classified in U.S. Industry 111336, Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming. ##111334 u 111334 Berry (except Strawberry) Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing berries. Growing strawberries--are classified in U.S. Industry 111333, Strawberry Farming; Harvesting berries from native and noncultivated bushes or vines--are classified in Industry 113210, Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products; and Growing berries in combination with tree nut(s) with the berries or family of tree nuts not accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111336, Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming. ##111335 u 111335 Tree Nut Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing tree nuts. Growing coconut and coffee--are classified in U.S. Industry 111339, Other Noncitrus Fruit Farming; and Growing tree nut(s) in combination with fruit(s) with no one fruit (or family of fruit or of tree nuts) accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111336, Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming. ##111336 u 111336 Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing a combination of fruit(s) and tree nut(s) with no one fruit (or family of fruit) or family of tree nuts accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for market). Establishments engaged in growing fruit(s) or the family of tree nut(s) accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for market) are classified in Industry Group 1113, Fruit and Tree Nut Farming accordingly by the prominent fruit(s) or tree nut(s) grown. ##111339 u 111339 Other Noncitrus Fruit Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing noncitrus fruits (except apples, grapes, berries, and fruit(s) and tree nut(s) combinations). Growing apples--are classified in U.S. Industry 111331, Apple Orchards; Growing grapes including sun drying of grapes into raisins--are classified in U.S. Industry 111332, Grape Vineyards; Growing strawberries--are classified in U.S. Industry 111333, Strawberry Farming; Growing berries (except strawberries)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111334, Berry (except Strawberry) Farming; Drying fruit artificially--are classified in U.S. Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing; and Growing noncitrus fruit(s) in combination with tree nut(s) with no one fruit (or family of fruits) or family of tree nuts accounting for one-half of the establishment's agriculture production (i.e., value of crops for market)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111336, Fruit and Tree Nut Combination Farming. ##1114 1114 Greenhouse, Nursery, and Floriculture Production This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing crops of any kind under cover and/or growing nursery stock and flowers. "Under cover" is generally defined as greenhouses, cold frames, cloth houses, and lath houses. The crops grown are removed at various stages of maturity and have annual and perennial life cycles. The nursery stock includes short rotation woody crops that have growth cycles of 10 years or less. ##11141 11141 Food Crops Grown Under Cover This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing food crops (e.g., fruits, melons, tomatoes) under glass or protective cover. Establishments primarily engaged in growing vegetable and melon bedding plants are classified in Industry 11121, Vegetable and Melon Farming. ##111411 c 111411 Mushroom Production This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing mushrooms under cover in mines underground, or in other controlled environments. ##111419 c 111419 Other Food Crops Grown Under Cover This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing food crops (except mushrooms) under glass or protective cover. Establishments primarily engaged in growing mushrooms under cover are classified in U.S. Industry 111411, Mushroom Production. ##11142 11142 Nursery and Floriculture Production This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing nursery and floriculture products (e.g., nursery stock, shrubbery, cut flowers, flower seeds, foliage plants) under cover or in open fields and/or (2) growing short rotation woody trees with a growing and harvesting cycle of 10 years or less for pulp or tree stock (e.g., cut Christmas trees, cottonwoods). Growing vegetable and melon bedding plants--are classified in Industry 11121, Vegetable and Melon Farming; Operating timber tracts (i.e., growing cycle greater than 10 years)--are classified in Industry 113110, Timber Tract Operations; and Retailing nursery, tree stock, and floriculture products primarily purchased from others--are classified in Industry 444220, Nursery, Garden Center, and Farm Supply Stores. ##111421 c 111421 Nursery and Tree Production This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing nursery products, nursery stock, shrubbery, bulbs, fruit stock, sod, and so forth, under cover or in open fields and/or (2) growing short rotation woody trees with a growth and harvest cycle of 10 years or less for pulp or tree stock. Growing vegetable and melon bedding plants--are classified in Industry 11121, Vegetable and Melon Farming; Operating timber tracts (i.e., growing cycle greater than 10 years)--are classified in Industry 113110, Timber Tract Operations; and Retailing nursery, tree stock, and floriculture products primarily purchased from others--are classified in Industry 444220, Nursery, Garden Center, and Farm Supply Stores. ##111422 c 111422 Floriculture Production This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing and/or producing floriculture products (e.g., cut flowers and roses, cut cultivated greens, potted flowering and foliage plants, and flower seeds) under cover and in open fields. Establishments primarily engaged in retailing floriculture products primarily purchased from others are classified in Industry 444220, Nursery, Garden Center, and Farm Supply Stores. ##1119 1119 Other Crop Farming This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing crops (except oilseed and/or grain; vegetable and/or melon; fruit and tree nut; and greenhouse, nursery, and/or floriculture products). These establishments grow crops, such as tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, hay, sugar beets, peanuts, agave, herbs and spices, and hay and grass seeds; or (2) growing a combination of crops (except a combination of oilseed(s) and grain(s) and a combination of fruit(s) and tree nut(s)). ##11191 11191 Tobacco Farming See industry description for 111910 below. ##111910 111910 Tobacco Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing tobacco. ##11192 11192 Cotton Farming See industry description for 111920 below. ##111920 111920 Cotton Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing cotton. Establishments primarily engaged in ginning cotton are classified in U.S. Industry 115111, Cotton Ginning. ##11193 11193 Sugarcane Farming See industry description for 111930 below. ##111930 111930 Sugarcane Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing sugarcane. ##11194 11194 Hay Farming See industry description for 111940 below. ##111940 c 111940 Hay Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing hay, alfalfa, clover, and/or mixed hay. Growing grain hay--are classified in Industry Group 1111, Oilseed and Grain Farming; and Growing grass and hay seeds--are classified in U.S. Industry 111998, All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming. ##11199 11199 All Other Crop Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing crops (except oilseeds and/or grains; vegetables and/or melons; fruits and/or tree nuts; greenhouse, nursery and/or floriculture products; tobacco; cotton; sugarcane; or hay) or (2) growing a combination of crops (except a combination of oilseed(s) and grain(s); and a combination of fruit(s) and tree nut(s)) with no one crop or family of crops accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (i.e., value of crops for market). Growing oilseeds and/or wheat, corn, rice, or other grains--are classified in Industry Group 1111, Oilseed and Grain Farming; Growing vegetables and/or melons--are classified in Industry Group 1112, Vegetable and Melon Farming; Growing fruits and/or tree nuts--are classified in Industry Group 1113, Fruit and Tree Nut Farming; Growing greenhouse, nursery, and/or floriculture products--are classified in Industry Group 1114, Greenhouse, Nursery, and Floriculture Production; Growing tobacco--are classified in Industry 111910, Tobacco Farming; Growing cotton--are classified in Industry 111920, Cotton Farming; Growing sugarcane--are classified in Industry 111930, Sugarcane Farming; and Growing hay--are classified in Industry 111940, Hay Farming. ##111991 u 111991 Sugar Beet Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing sugar beets. Establishments primarily engaged in growing beets (except sugar beets) are classified in U.S. Industry 111219, Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming. ##111992 m 111992 Peanut Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in growing peanuts. ##111998 u 111998 All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) growing crops (except oilseeds and/or grains; vegetables and/or melons; fruits and/or tree nuts; greenhouse, nursery and/or floriculture products; tobacco; cotton; sugarcane; hay; sugar beets; or peanuts); (2) growing a combination of crops (except a combination of oilseed(s) and grain(s); and a combination of fruit(s) and tree nut(s)) with no one crop or family of crop(s) accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (i.e., value of crops for market); or (3) gathering tea or maple sap. Growing oilseeds and/or wheat, corn, rice, or other grains--are classified in Industry Group 1111, Oilseed and Grain Farming; Growing vegetables and/or melons--are classified in Industry Group 1112, Vegetable and Melon Farming; Growing fruits and/or tree nuts--are classified in Industry Group 1113, Fruit and Tree Nut Farming; Growing greenhouse, nursery and/or floriculture products--are classified in Industry Group 1114, Greenhouse, Nursery, and Floriculture Production; Growing tobacco--are classified in Industry 111910, Tobacco Farming; Growing cotton--are classified in Industry 111920, Cotton Farming; Growing sugarcane--are classified in Industry 111930, Sugarcane Farming; Growing hay--are classified in Industry 111940, Hay Farming; Growing sugar beets---are classified in U.S. Industry 111991, Sugar Beet Farming; and Growing peanuts--are classified in U.S. Industry 111992, Peanut Farming. ##112 112 Animal Production Industries in the Animal Production subsector raise or fatten animals for the sale of animals or animal products. The subsector comprises establishments, such as ranches, farms, and feedlots primarily engaged in keeping, grazing, breeding, or feeding animals. These animals are kept for the products they produce or for eventual sale. The animals are generally raised in various environments, from total confinement or captivity to feeding on an open range pasture. The industries in this subsector are grouped by important factors, such as suitable grazing or pasture land, specialized buildings, type of equipment, and the amount and types of labor required. Establishments are classified to the Animal Production subsector when animal production (i.e., value of animals for market) accounts for one-half or more of the establishment's total agricultural production. Establishments with one-half or more animal production with no one animal product or family of animal products of an industry accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production are treated as combination animal farming classified to Industry 11299, All Other Animal Production. ##1121 1121 Cattle Ranching and Farming This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising cattle, milking dairy cattle, or feeding cattle for fattening. ##11211 11211 Beef Cattle Ranching and Farming, including Feedlots This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising cattle (including cattle for dairy herd replacements), or feeding cattle for fattening. Milking dairy cattle--are classified in Industry 112120, Dairy Cattle and Milk Production; and Operating stockyards for transportation and not buying, selling, or auctioning livestock--are classified in Industry 48899, Other Support Activities for Transportation. ##112111 u 112111 Beef Cattle Ranching and Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising cattle (including cattle for dairy herd replacements). Establishments primarily engaged in milking dairy cattle are classified in Industry 112120, Dairy Cattle and Milk Production. ##112112 u 112112 Cattle Feedlots This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in feeding cattle for fattening. Establishments primarily engaged in operating stockyards for transportation and not buying, selling, or auctioning livestock are classified in U.S. Industry 488999, All Other Support Activities for Transportation. ##11212 11212 Dairy Cattle and Milk Production See industry description for 112120 below. ##112120 112120 Dairy Cattle and Milk Production This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in milking dairy cattle. Raising dairy herd replacements--are classified in U.S. Industry 112111, Beef Cattle Ranching and Farming; and Milking goats--are classified in Industry 112420, Goat Farming. ##11213m 11213 Dual-Purpose Cattle Ranching and Farming See industry description for 112130 below. ##112130 m 112130 Dual-Purpose Cattle Ranching and Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising cattle for both milking and meat production. Milking dairy cattle--are classified in Industry 112120, Dairy Cattle and Milk Production; Raising cattle or feeding cattle for fattening--are classified in Industry 11211, Beef Cattle Ranching and Farming, including Feedlots; and Operating stockyards for transportation and not buying, selling, or auctioning livestock--are classified in U.S. Industry 488999, All Other Support Activities for Transportation. ##1122 1122 Hog and Pig Farming ##11221 11221 Hog and Pig Farming See industry description for 112210 below. ##112210 c 112210 Hog and Pig Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising hogs and pigs. These establishments may include farming activities, such as breeding, farrowing, and the raising of weanling pigs, feeder pigs, or market size hogs. Establishments primarily engaged in operating stockyards for transportation and not buying, selling, or auctioning livestock are classified in U.S. Industry 488999, All Other Support Activities for Transportation. ##1123 1123 Poultry and Egg Production This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in breeding, hatching, and raising poultry for meat or egg production. ##11231 11231 Chicken Egg Production See industry description for 112310 below. ##112310 c 112310 Chicken Egg Production This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising chickens for egg production. The eggs produced may be for use as table eggs or hatching eggs. Establishments primarily engaged in raising chickens for the production of meat are classified in Industry 112320, Broilers and Other Meat Type Chicken Production. ##11232 11232 Broilers and Other Meat Type Chicken Production See industry description for 112320 below. ##112320 112320 Broilers and Other Meat Type Chicken Production This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising broilers, fryers, roasters, and other meat type chickens. Establishments primarily engaged in raising chickens for egg production are classified in Industry 112310, Chicken Egg Production. ##11233 11233 Turkey Production See industry description for 112330 below. ##112330 112330 Turkey Production This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising turkeys for meat or egg production. ##11234 11234 Poultry Hatcheries See industry description for 112340 below. ##112340 112340 Poultry Hatcheries This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in hatching poultry of any kind. ##11239 11239 Other Poultry Production See industry description for 112390 below. ##112390 m 112390 Other Poultry Production This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising poultry (except chickens for meat or egg production and turkeys). Raising aviary birds, such as parakeets, canaries, and love birds,--are classified in Industry 112990, All Other Animal Production; Raising chickens for egg production--are classified in Industry 112310, Chicken Egg Production; Raising broilers and other meat type chickens--are classified in Industry 112320, Broilers and Other Meat Type Chicken Production; Raising turkeys--are classified in Industry 112330, Turkey Production; and Raising swans, peacocks, flamingos or other "adornment birds"--are classified in Industry 112990, All Other Animal Production. ##1124 1124 Sheep and Goat Farming This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising sheep, lambs, and goats, or feeding lambs for fattening. ##11241 11241 Sheep Farming See industry description for 112410 below. ##112410 c 112410 Sheep Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising sheep and lambs, or feeding lambs for fattening. The sheep or lambs may be raised for sale or wool production. Establishments primarily engaged in operating stockyards for transportation and not buying, selling, or auctioning livestock are classified in U.S. Industry 488999, All Other Support Activities for Transportation. ##11242 11242 Goat Farming See industry description for 112420 below. ##112420 112420 Goat Farming This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising goats. ##1125 1125 Animal Aquaculture ##11251 11251 Animal Aquaculture This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the farm raising of finfish, shellfish, or any other kind of animal aquaculture. These establishments use some form of intervention in the rearing process to enhance production, such as holding in captivity, regular stocking, feeding, and protecting from predators. Establishments primarily engaged in the catching or taking of fish and other aquatic animals from their natural habitat are classified in Industry 11411, Fishing. ##112511 u 112511 Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) farm raising finfish (e.g., catfish, trout, goldfish, tropical fish, minnows) and/or (2) hatching fish of any kind. Establishments primarily engaged in the catching or taking of finfish from their natural habitat are classified in U.S. Industry 114111, Finfish Fishing. ##112512 u 112512 Shellfish Farming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in farm raising shellfish (e.g., crayfish, shrimp, oysters, clams, mollusks). Establishments primarily engaged in the catching or taking of shellfish from their natural habitat are classified in U.S. Industry 114112, Shellfish Fishing. ##112519 u 112519 Other Animal Aquaculture This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in farm raising animal aquaculture (except finfish and shellfish). Alligator, frog, or turtle production is included in this industry. Miscellaneous fishing activities, such as catching or taking of terrapins, turtles, and frogs in their natural habitat,--are classified in U.S. Industry 114119, Other Marine Fishing; Farm raising finfish--are classified in U.S. Industry 112511, Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries; and Farm raising shellfish--are classified in U.S. Industry 112512, Shellfish Farming. ##1129 1129 Other Animal Production This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising animals and insects (except cattle, hogs and pigs, poultry, sheep and goats, animal aquaculture) for sale or product production. These establishments are primarily engaged in raising one of the following: bees, horses and other equines, rabbits and other fur-bearing animals, and so forth, and producing products, such as honey and other bee products. Establishments primarily engaged in raising a combination of animals with no one animal or family of animals accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (i.e., value of animals for market) are included in this industry group. ##11291 11291 Apiculture See industry description for 112910 below. ##112910 112910 Apiculture This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising bees. These establishments may collect and gather honey; and/or sell queen bees, packages of bees, royal jelly, bees' wax, propolis, venom, and/or other bee products. ##11292 11292 Horses and Other Equine Production See industry description for 112920 below. ##112920 112920 Horses and Other Equine Production This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising horses, mules, donkeys, and other equines. Establishments primarily engaged in equine boarding are classified in Industry 115210, Support Activities for Animal Production; and Equine owners entering horses in racing or other spectator sporting events are classified in U.S. Industry 711219, Other Spectator Sports. ##11293 11293 Fur-Bearing Animal and Rabbit Production See industry description for 112930 below. ##112930 112930 Fur-Bearing Animal and Rabbit Production This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in raising fur-bearing animals including rabbits. These animals may be raised for sale or for their pelt production. Establishments primarily engaged in the trapping or hunting of wild fur-bearing animals are classified in Industry 114210, Hunting and Trapping. ##11299 11299 All Other Animal Production See industry description for 112990 below. ##112990 m 112990 All Other Animal Production This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in: (1) raising animals (except cattle, hogs and pigs, poultry, sheep and goats, animal aquaculture, apiculture, horses and other equines; and fur-bearing animals including rabbits); or (2) raising a combination of animals, with no one animal or family of animals accounting for one-half of the establishment's agricultural production (i.e., value of animals for market) are included in this industry. Raising cattle, dairy cattle or feeding cattle for fattening--are classified in Industry Group 1121, Cattle Ranching and Farming; Raising hogs and pigs--are classified in Industry Group 1122, Hog and Pig Farming; Raising poultry and raising poultry for egg production--are classified in Group 1123, Poultry and Egg Production; Raising sheep and goats--are classified in Industry Group 1124, Sheep and Goat Farming; Raising animal aquaculture--are classified in Industry Group 1125, Animal Aquaculture; Raising bees--are classified in Industry 112910, Apiculture; Raising horses and other equines--are classified in Industry 112920, Horses and Other Equine Production; and Raising fur-bearing animals including rabbits--are classified in Industry 112930, Fur-Bearing Animal and Rabbit Production. ##113 113 Forestry and Logging Industries in the Forestry and Logging subsector grow and harvest timber on a long production cycle (i.e., of 10 years or more). Long production cycles use different production processes than short production cycles, which require more horticultural interventions prior to harvest, resulting in processes more similar to those found in the Crop Production subsector. Consequently, Christmas tree production and other production involving production cycles of less than 10 years, are classified in the Crop Production subsector. Industries in this subsector specialize in different stages of the production cycle. Reforestation requires production of seedlings in specialized nurseries. Timber production requires natural forest or suitable areas of land that are available for a long duration. The maturation time for timber depends upon the species of tree, the climatic conditions of the region, and the intended purpose of the timber. The harvesting of timber (except when done on an extremely small scale) requires specialized machinery unique to the industry. Establishments gathering forest products, such as gums, barks, balsam needles, rhizomes, fibers, Spanish moss, and ginseng and truffles, are also included in this subsector. ##1131 1131 Timber Tract Operations ##11311 11311 Timber Tract Operations See industry description for 113110 below. ##113110 113110 Timber Tract Operations This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the operation of timber tracts for the purpose of selling standing timber. Acting as lessors of land with trees as real estate property--are classified in Industry 531190, Lessors of Other Real Estate Property; Growing short rotation woody trees (i.e., growing and harvesting cycle is 10 years or less)--are classified in U.S. Industry 111421, Nursery and Tree Production; and Cutting timber--are classified in Industry 113310, Logging. ##1132 1132 Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products ##11321 11321 Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products See industry description for 113210 below. ##113210 c 113210 Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) growing trees for reforestation and/or (2) gathering forest products, such as gums, barks, balsam needles, rhizomes, fibers, Spanish moss, ginseng, and truffles. Gathering tea and maple sap--are classified in U.S. Industry 111998, All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming; and Processing maple syrup into other products--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing. ##1133 1133 Logging ##11331 11331 Logging See industry description for 113310 below. ##113310 m 113310 Logging This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) cutting timber; (2) cutting and transporting timber; and (3) producing wood chips in the field. Establishments primarily engaged in trucking timber are classified in Industry 484220, Specialized Freight (except Used Goods) Trucking, Local. ##114 114 Fishing, Hunting and Trapping Industries in the Fishing, Hunting, and Trapping subsector harvest fish and other wild animals from their natural habitats and are dependent upon a continued supply of the natural resource. The harvesting of fish is the predominant economic activity of this subsector and it usually requires specialized vessels that, by the nature of their size, configuration and equipment, are not suitable for any other type of production, such as transportation. Hunting and trapping activities utilize a wide variety of production processes and are classified in the same subsector as fishing because the availability of resources and the constraints imposed, such as conservation requirements and proper habitat maintenance, are similar. ##1141 1141 Fishing ##11411 11411 Fishing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the commercial catching or taking of finfish, shellfish, or miscellaneous marine products from a natural habitat, such as the catching of bluefish, eels, salmon, tuna, clams, crabs, lobsters, mussels, oysters, shrimp, frogs, sea urchins, and turtles. Farm raising finfish, shellfish or other marine animals--are classified in Industry 11251, Animal Aquaculture; and Gathering and processing (known as "floating factory ships") seafood into canned seafood products--are classified in Industry 31171, Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging. ##114111 u 114111 Finfish Fishing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the commercial catching or taking of finfish (e.g., bluefish, salmon, trout, tuna) from their natural habitat. Farm raising finfish--are classified in U.S. Industry 112511, Finfish Farming and Fish Hatcheries; and Gathering and processing (known as "floating factory ships") seafood into canned seafood products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311711, Seafood Canning. ##114112 u 114112 Shellfish Fishing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the commercial catching or taking of shellfish (e.g., clams, crabs, lobsters, mussels, oysters, sea urchins, shrimp) from their natural habitat. Establishments primarily engaged in farm raising shellfish are classified in U.S. Industry 112512, Shellfish Farming. ##114119 u 114119 Other Marine Fishing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the commercial catching or taking of marine animals (except finfish and shellfish). Raising animal aquaculture (except finfish and shellfish)--are classified in U.S. Industry 112519, Other Animal Aquaculture; The commercial catching or taking of finfish from their natural habitat--are classified in U.S. Industry 114111, Finfish Fishing; and The commercial catching or taking of shellfish from their natural habitat--are classified in U.S. Industry 114112, Shellfish Fishing. ##1142 1142 Hunting and Trapping ##11421 11421 Hunting and Trapping See industry description for 114210 below. ##114210 114210 Hunting and Trapping This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) commercial hunting and trapping; (2) operating commercial game preserves, such as game retreats; and (3) operating hunting preserves. Operating nature preserves--are classified in Industry 712190, Nature Parks and Other Similar Institutions; and Farm raising rabbits and other fur-bearing animals--are classified in Industry 112930, Fur-Bearing Animal and Rabbit Production. ##115 115 Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry Industries in the Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry subsector provide support services that are an essential part of agricultural and forestry production. These support activities may be performed by the agriculture or forestry producing establishment or conducted independently as an alternative source of inputs required for the production process for a given crop, animal, or forestry industry. Establishments that primarily perform these activities independent of the agriculture or forestry producing establishment are in this subsector. ##1151 1151 Support Activities for Crop Production ##11511 11511 Support Activities for Crop Production This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing support activities for growing crops. Performing crop production that are generally known as farms, orchards, groves, or vineyards (including sharecroppers and tenant farms)--are classified in the appropriate crop industry within Subsector 111, Crop Production; Providing support activities for forestry--are classified in Industry 115310, Support Activities for Forestry; Landscaping and horticultural services, such as lawn and maintenance care and ornamental shrub and tree services,--are classified in Industry 561730, Landscaping Services; Land clearing, land leveling, and earth moving for terracing, ponds, and irrigation--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors; Artificially drying and dehydrating fruits and vegetables--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling and Drying; Stemming and redrying tobacco--are classified in Industry 312210, Tobacco Stemming and Redrying; Providing water for irrigation--are classified in Industry 221310, Water Supply and Irrigation Systems; and Buying farm products, such as fruits or vegetables, for resale to other wholesalers or retailers, and preparing them for market or further processing--are classified in Industry 424480, Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Merchant Wholesalers. ##115111 u 115111 Cotton Ginning This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in ginning cotton. ##115112 u 115112 Soil Preparation, Planting, and Cultivating This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing a soil preparation activity or crop production service, such as plowing, fertilizing, seed bed preparation, planting, cultivating, and crop protecting services. Land clearing, land leveling, and earth moving for terracing, ponds, and irrigation--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors; and Providing water for irrigation--are classified in Industry 221310, Water Supply and Irrigation Systems. ##115113 u 115113 Crop Harvesting, Primarily by Machine This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in mechanical harvesting, picking, and combining of crops, and related activities. The machinery used is provided by the servicing establishment. Providing personnel for manual harvesting--are classified in U.S. Industry 115115, Farm Labor Contractors and Crew Leaders; and Providing farm management services (i.e., a contract or fee basis) and arranging or contracting crop mechanical or manual harvesting operations for the farm(s) it manages--are classified in U.S. Industry 115116, Farm Management Services. ##115114 u 115114 Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning) This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing services on crops, subsequent to their harvest, with the intent of preparing them for market or further processing. These establishments provide postharvest activities, such as crop cleaning, sun drying, shelling, fumigating, curing, sorting, grading, packing, and cooling. Ginning cotton--are classified in U.S. Industry 115111, Cotton Ginning; Artificially drying and dehydrating fruits and vegetables--are classified in U.S. Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing; Stemming and redrying tobacco--are classified in Industry 312210, Tobacco Stemming and Redrying; Buying farm products for resale to other wholesalers or retailers and preparing them for market or further processing--are classified in Industry 424480, Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Merchant Wholesalers; and Providing farm management services (i.e., a contract or fee basis) and arranging or contracting postharvesting crop activities for the farm(s) it manages--are classified in U.S. Industry 115116, Farm Management Services. ##115115 u 115115 Farm Labor Contractors and Crew Leaders This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in supplying labor for agricultural production or harvesting. Providing machine harvesting--are classified in U.S. Industry 115113, Crop Harvesting, Primarily by Machine; and Providing farm management services (i.e., a contract or fee basis) and arranging or contracting farm labor for the farm(s) it manages--are classified in U.S. Industry 115116, Farm Management Services. ##115116 u 115116 Farm Management Services This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing farm management services on a contract or fee basis usually to citrus groves, orchards, or vineyards. These establishments always provide management and may arrange or contract for the partial or the complete operations of the farm establishment(s) it manages. Operational activities may include cultivating, harvesting, and/or other specialized agricultural support activities. Establishments primarily engaged in crop production that are generally known as farms, orchards, groves, or vineyards (including share croppers and tenant farms), are classified in the appropriate crop industry within Subsector 111, Crop Production. ##1152 1152 Support Activities for Animal Production ##11521 11521 Support Activities for Animal Production See industry description for 115210 below. ##115210 115210 Support Activities for Animal Production This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing support activities related to raising livestock (e.g., cattle, goats, hogs, horses, poultry, sheep). These establishments may perform one or more of the following: (1) breeding services for animals, including companion animals (e.g., cats, dogs, pet birds); (2) pedigree record services; (3) boarding horses; (4) dairy herd improvement activities; (5) livestock spraying; and (6) sheep dipping and shearing. ##1153 1153 Support Activities for Forestry ##11531 11531 Support Activities for Forestry See industry description for 115310 below. ##115310 115310 Support Activities for Forestry This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing particular support activities related to timber production, wood technology, forestry economics and marketing, and forest protection. These establishments may provide support activities for forestry, such as estimating timber, forest firefighting, forest pest control, and consulting on wood attributes and reforestation. Establishments primarily engaged in the public administration and conservation of forest lands are classified in Industry 924120, Administration of Conservation Programs. ##21 21 Mining The Sector as a Whole The Mining sector comprises establishments that extract naturally occurring mineral solids, such as coal and ores; liquid minerals, such as crude petroleum; and gases, such as natural gas. The term mining is used in the broad sense to include quarrying, well operations, beneficiating (e.g., crushing, screening, washing, and flotation), and other preparation customarily performed at the mine site, or as a part of mining activity. The Mining sector distinguishes two basic activities: mine operation and mining support activities. Mine operation includes establishments operating mines, quarries, or oil and gas wells on their own account or for others on a contract or fee basis. Mining support activities include establishments that perform exploration (except geophysical surveying) and/or other mining services on a contract or fee basis (except mine site preparation and construction of oil/gas pipelines). Establishments in the Mining sector are grouped and classified according to the natural resource mined or to be mined. Industries include establishments that develop the mine site, extract the natural resources, and/or those that beneficiate (i.e., prepare) the mineral mined. Beneficiation is the process whereby the extracted material is reduced to particles that can be separated into mineral and waste, the former suitable for further processing or direct use. The operations that take place in beneficiation are primarily mechanical, such as grinding, washing, magnetic separation, and centrifugal separation. In contrast, manufacturing operations primarily use chemical and electrochemical processes, such as electrolysis and distillation. However, some treatments, such as heat treatments, take place in both the beneficiation and the manufacturing (i.e., smelting/refining) stages. The range of preparation activities varies by mineral and the purity of any given ore deposit. While some minerals, such as petroleum and natural gas, require little or no preparation, others are washed and screened, while yet others, such as gold and silver, can be transformed into bullion before leaving the mine site. Mining, beneficiating, and manufacturing activities often occur in a single location. Separate receipts will be collected for these activities whenever possible. When receipts cannot be broken out between mining and manufacturing, establishments that mine or quarry nonmetallic minerals, beneficiate the nonmetallic minerals into more finished manufactured products are classified based on the primary activity of the establishment. A mine that manufactures a small amount of finished products will be classified in Sector 21, Mining. An establishment that mines whose primary output is a more finished manufactured product will be classified in Sector 31-33, Manufacturing. ##211 211 Oil and Gas Extraction Industries in the Oil and Gas Extraction subsector operate and/or develop oil and gas field properties. Such activities may include exploration for crude petroleum and natural gas; drilling, completing, and equipping wells; operating separators, emulsion breakers, desilting equipment, and field gathering lines for crude petroleum and natural gas; and all other activities in the preparation of oil and gas up to the point of shipment from the producing property. This subsector includes the production of crude petroleum, the mining and extraction of oil from oil shale and oil sands, and the production of natural gas, sulfur recovery from natural gas, and recovery of hydrocarbon liquids. Establishments in this subsector include those that operate oil and gas wells on their own account or for others on a contract or fee basis. Establishments primarily engaged in providing support services, on a fee or contract basis, required for the drilling or operation of oil and gas wells (except geophysical surveying and mapping, mine site preparation, and construction of oil/gas pipelines) are classified in Subsector 213, Support Activities for Mining. ##2111 2111 Oil and Gas Extraction ##21111 21111 Oil and Gas Extraction This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating and/or developing oil and gas field properties and establishments primarily engaged in recovering liquid hydrocarbons from oil and gas field gases. Such activities may include exploration for crude petroleum and natural gas; drilling, completing, and equipping wells; operation of separators, emulsion breakers, desilting equipment, and field gathering lines for crude petroleum and natural gas; and all other activities in the preparation of oil and gas up to the point of shipment from the producing property. This industry includes the production of crude petroleum, the mining and extraction of oil from oil shale and oil sands, the production of natural gas, sulfur recovery from natural gas, and the recovery of hydrocarbon liquids from oil and gas field gases. Establishments in this industry operate oil and gas wells on their own account or for others on a contract or fee basis. Performing oil field services for operators on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 21311, Support Activities for Mining; Manufacturing acyclic and cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing; Refining crude petroleum into refined petroleum and liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; and Recovering helium from natural gas--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas Manufacturing. ##211111 u 211111 Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) the exploration, development and/or the production of petroleum or natural gas from wells in which the hydrocarbons will initially flow or can be produced using normal pumping techniques or (2) the production of crude petroleum from surface shales or tar sands or from reservoirs in which the hydrocarbons are semisolids. Establishments in this industry operate oil and gas wells on their own account or for others on a contract or fee basis. Performing oil field services for operators on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 21311, Support Activities for Mining; Refining crude petroleum into refined petroleum and liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; and Recovering helium from natural gas--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas Manufacturing. ##211112 u 211112 Natural Gas Liquid Extraction This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the recovery of liquid hydrocarbons from oil and gas field gases. Establishments primarily engaged in sulfur recovery from natural gas are included in this industry. Manufacturing acyclic and cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from refined petroleum or converting refined petroleum into liquid hydrocarbons (petrochemicals) and/or recovering liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing; Refining crude petroleum into refined petroleum and liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; and Recovering helium from natural gas--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas Manufacturing. ##212 212 Mining (except Oil and Gas) Industries in the Mining (except Oil and Gas) subsector primarily engage in mining, mine site development, and beneficiating (i.e., preparing) metallic minerals and nonmetallic minerals, including coal. The term "mining" is used in the broad sense to include ore extraction, quarrying, and beneficiating (e.g., crushing, screening, washing, sizing, concentrating, and flotation), customarily done at the mine site. Beneficiation is the process whereby the extracted material is reduced to particles which can be separated into mineral and waste, the former suitable for further processing or direct use. The operations that take place in beneficiation are primarily mechanical, such as grinding, washing, magnetic separation, centrifugal separation, and so on. In contrast, manufacturing operations primarily use chemical and electrochemical processes, such as electrolysis, distillation, and so on. However some treatments, such as heat treatments, take place in both stages: the beneficiation and the manufacturing (i.e., smelting/refining) stages. The range of preparation activities varies by mineral and the purity of any given ore deposit. While some minerals, such as petroleum and natural gas, require little or no preparation, others are washed and screened, while yet others, such as gold and silver, can be transformed into bullion before leaving the mine site. Establishments in the Mining (except Oil and Gas) subsector include those that have complete responsibility for operating mines and quarries (except oil and gas wells) and those that operate mines and quarries (except oil and gas wells) for others on a contract or fee basis. Establishments primarily engaged in providing support services, on a contract or fee basis, required for the mining and quarrying of minerals are classified in Subsector 213, Support Activities for Mining. ##2121 2121 Coal Mining ##21211 21211 Coal Mining This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) mining bituminous coal, anthracite, and lignite by underground mining, auger mining, strip mining, culm bank mining, and other surface mining; (2) developing coal mine sites; and (3) beneficiating (i.e., preparing) coal (e.g., cleaning, washing, screening, and sizing coal). Manufacturing code oven products in coke oven establishments--are classified in Industry 32419, Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; and Manufacturing coal products in steel mills--are classified in Industry 33111, Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing. ##212111 u 212111 Bituminous Coal and Lignite Surface Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) surface mining of bituminous coal and lignite; (2) developing bituminous coal and lignite surface mine sites; (3) surface mining and beneficiating (e.g., cleaning. washing, screening, and sizing coal) of bituminous coal; or (4) beneficiating (e.g., cleaning, washing, screening, and sizing coal), but not mining, bituminous coal. Manufacturing coke oven products in coke oven establishments--are classified in U.S. Industry 324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; Underground mining of bituminous coal--are classified in U.S. Industry 212112, Bituminous Coal Underground Mining; and Mining and/or beneficiating anthracite coal--are classified in U.S. Industry 212113, Anthracite Mining. ##212112 u 212112 Bituminous Coal Underground Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) underground mining of bituminous coal; (2) developing bituminous coal underground mine sites; and (3) underground mining and beneficiating of bituminous coal (e.g., cleaning, washing, screening, and sizing coal). Manufacturing coke oven products in coke oven establishments--are classified in U.S. Industry 324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; Surface mining and/or beneficiating of bituminous coal or lignite--are classified in U.S. Industry 212111, Bituminous Coal and Lignite Surface Mining; and Mining and/or beneficiating anthracite coal--are classified in U.S. Industry 212113, Anthracite Mining. ##212113 u 212113 Anthracite Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) mining anthracite coal; (2) developing anthracite coal mine sites; and (3) beneficiating anthracite coal (e.g., cleaning, washing, screening, and sizing coal). Manufacturing coke oven products in coke oven establishments--are classified in U.S. Industry 324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; Surface mining and/or beneficiating bituminous coal or lignite--are classified in U.S. Industry 212111, Bituminous Coal and Lignite Surface Mining; and Underground mining of bituminous coal--are classified in U.S. Industry 212112, Bituminous Coal Underground Mining. ##2122 2122 Metal Ore Mining This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing mine sites or mining metallic minerals, and establishments primarily engaged in ore dressing and beneficiating (i.e., preparing) operations, such as crushing, grinding, washing, drying, sintering, concentrating, calcining, and leaching. Beneficiating may be performed at mills operated in conjunction with the mines served or at mills, such as custom mills, operated separately. ##21221 21221 Iron Ore Mining See industry description for 212210 below. ##212210 212210 Iron Ore Mining This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) developing mine sites, mining, and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) iron ores and manganiferous ores valued chiefly for their iron content and/or (2) producing sinter iron ore (except iron ore produced in iron and steel mills) and other iron ore agglomerates. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pig iron ore are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills. ##21222 21222 Gold Ore and Silver Ore Mining This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) ores valued chiefly for their gold and or silver content. Establishments primarily engaged in the transformation of the gold and silver into bullion or dore bar in combination with mining activities are included in this industry. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing gold or silver bullion or dore bar without mining are classified in Industry 33141, Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining. ##212221 m 212221 Gold Ore Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) ores valued chiefly for their gold content. Establishments primarily engaged in transformation of the gold into bullion or dore bar in combination with mining activities are included in this industry. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing gold bullion or dore bar without mining are classified in U.S. Industry 331419, Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum). ##212222 m 212222 Silver Ore Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) ores valued chiefly for their silver content. Establishments primarily engaged in transformation of the silver into bullion or dore bar in combination with mining activities are included in this industry. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing silver bullion or dore bar without mining are classified in U.S. Industry 331419, Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum). ##21223 21223 Copper, Nickel, Lead, and Zinc Mining This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) ores valued chiefly for their copper, nickel, lead, or zinc content. Beneficiating includes the transformation of ores into concentrates. Refining copper concentrates--are classified in Industry 33141, Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; and Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating iron and manganiferous ores valued for their iron content--are classified in Industry 212210, Iron Ore Mining. ##212231 c 212231 Lead Ore and Zinc Ore Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) lead ores, zinc ores, or lead-zinc ores. ##212234 u 212234 Copper Ore and Nickel Ore Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in: (1) developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating (i.e, preparing) copper and/or nickel ores; and (2) recovering copper concentrates by the precipitation, leaching, or electrowinning of copper ore. Establishments primarily engaged in refining copper concentrates are classified in U.S. Industry 331411, Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper. ##21229 21229 Other Metal Ore Mining This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) metal ores (except iron and manganiferous ores valued for their iron content, gold ore, silver ore, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc ore). Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating iron and manganiferous ores valued chiefly for their iron content--are classified in Industry 212210, Iron Ore Mining; Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating ores valued chiefly for their gold or silver content--are classified in Industry 21222, Gold Ore and Silver Ore Mining; Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating ores valued chiefly for their copper, nickel, lead, or zinc content--are classified in Industry 21223, Copper, Nickel, Lead, and Zinc Mining; and Enriching uranium--are classified in Industry 32518, Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing. ##212291 c 212291 Uranium-Radium-Vanadium Ore Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) uranium-radium-vanadium ores. Establishments primarily engaged in enriching uranium are classified in U.S. Industry 325188, All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing. ##212299 c 212299 All Other Metal Ore Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating (i.e., preparing) metal ores (except iron and manganiferous ores valued for their iron content, gold ore, silver ore, copper, nickel, lead, zinc, and uranium-radium-vanadium ore). Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating iron and manganiferous ores valued for their iron content--are classified in Industry 212210, Iron Ore Mining; Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating ores valued chiefly for their gold or silver content--are classified in Industry 21222, Gold Ore and Silver Ore Mining; Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating ores valued chiefly for their copper, nickel, lead, or zinc content--are classified in Industry 21223, Copper, Nickel, Lead, and Zinc Mining; and Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating uranium-radium-vanadium ores--are classified in U.S. Industry 212291, Uranium-Radium-Vanadium Ore Mining. ##2123 2123 Nonmetallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing mine sites, or in mining or quarrying nonmetallic minerals (except fuels). Also included are certain well and brine operations, and preparation plants primarily engaged in beneficiating (e.g., crushing, grinding, washing, and concentrating) nonmetallic minerals. Beneficiation is the process whereby the extracted material is reduced to particles which can be separated into mineral and waste, the former suitable for further processing or direct use. The operations that take place in beneficiation are primarily mechanical, such as grinding, washing, magnetic separation, and centrifugal separation. In contrast, manufacturing operations primarily use chemical and electrochemical processes, such as electrolysis and distillation. However, some treatments, such as heat treatments, take place in both the beneficiation and the manufacturing (i.e., smelting/refining) stages. The range of preparation activities varies by mineral and the purity of any given ore deposit. While some minerals, such as petroleum and natural gas, require little or no preparation, others are washed and screened, while yet others, such as gold and silver, can be transformed into bullion before leaving the mine site. ##21231 21231 Stone Mining and Quarrying This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining or quarrying dimension stone (i.e., rough blocks and/or slabs of stone), or mining and quarrying crushed and broken stone and/or (2) preparation plants primarily engaged in beneficiating stone (e.g., crushing, grinding, washing, screening, pulverizing, and sizing). Producing lime--are classified in Industry 327410, Lime Manufacturing; and Quarrying and dressing dimension stone--are classified Industry 32799, All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing. ##212311 u 212311 Dimension Stone Mining and Quarrying This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site and/or mining or quarrying dimension stone (i.e., rough blocks and/or slabs of stone). Establishments primarily engaged in dressing dimension stone and manufacturing stone products are classified in U.S. Industry 327991, Cut Stone and Stone Product Manufacturing. ##212312 u 212312 Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining or quarrying crushed and broken limestone (including related rocks, such as dolomite, cement rock, marl, travertine, and calcareous tufa); and (2) preparation plants primarily engaged in beneficiating limestone (e.g., grinding or pulverizing). Producing lime--are classified in Industry 327410, Lime Manufacturing; and Mining or quarrying bituminous limestone--are classified U.S. Industry 212319, Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying. ##212313 u 212313 Crushed and Broken Granite Mining and Quarrying This U.S. industry comprises: (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, and/or mining or quarrying crushed and broken granite (including related rocks, such as gneiss, syenite, and diorite); and (2) preparation plants primarily engaged in beneficiating granite (e.g., grinding or pulverizing). ##212319 u 212319 Other Crushed and Broken Stone Mining and Quarrying This U.S. industry comprises: (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site and/or mining or quarrying crushed and broken stone (except limestone and granite); (2) preparation plants primarily engaged in beneficiating (e.g., grinding and pulverizing) stone (except limestone and granite); and (3) establishments primarily engaged in mining or quarrying bituminous limestone and bituminous sandstone. Mining or quarrying crushed and broken limestone--are classified in U.S. Industry 212312, Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying; and Mining or quarrying crushed and broken granite--are classified in U.S. Industry 212313, Crushed and Broken Granite Mining and Quarrying. ##21232 21232 Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site and/or mining, quarrying, dredging for sand and gravel, or mining clay, (e.g., china clay, paper clay and slip clay) and (2) preparation plants primarily engaged in beneficiating (e.g., washing, screening, and grinding) sand and gravel, clay, and ceramic and refractory minerals. Calcining, dead burning, or otherwise processing (i.e., beyond basic preparation) clay or refractory minerals--are classified in Industry 32799, All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; Shaping, molding, baking, burning, or hardening nonclay ceramics, clay and nonclay refractories, and structural clay products--are classified in Industry 32712, Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing; and Shaping, molding, glazing, and firing pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures--are classified in Industry 32711, Pottery, Ceramics and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing. ##212321 m 212321 Construction Sand and Gravel Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) operating commercial grade (i.e., construction) sand and gravel pits; (2) dredging for commercial grade sand and gravel; and (3) washing, screening, or otherwise preparing commercial grade sand and gravel. Establishments primarily engaged in mining industrial grade sand are classified in U.S. Industry 212322, Industrial Sand Mining. ##212322 u 212322 Industrial Sand Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) operating industrial grade sand pits; (2) dredging for industrial grade sand; and (3) washing, screening, or otherwise preparing industrial grade sand. Establishments primarily engaged in mining commercial (i.e., construction) grade gravel are classified in U.S. Industry 212321, Construction Sand and Gravel Mining. ##212324 u 212324 Kaolin and Ball Clay Mining This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site and/or mining kaolin or ball clay (e.g., china clay, paper clay, and slip clay) and (2) establishments primarily engaged in beneficiating (i.e., preparing) kaolin or ball clay. Establishments primarily engaged in calcining, dead burning, or otherwise processing (i.e., beyond basic preparation) kaolin and ball clay are classified in U.S. Industry 327992, Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing. ##212325 u 212325 Clay and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) mining clay (except kaolin and ball), ceramic, or refractory minerals; (2) developing the mine site for clay, ceramic, or refractory minerals; and (3) beneficiating (i.e., preparing) clay (except kaolin and ball), ceramic, or refractory minerals. Shaping, molding, baking, burning, or hardening clay and nonclay refractories, and structural clay products--are classified in Industry 32712, Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing; Developing the mine site, mining, and/or beneficiating kaolin or ball clay--are classified in U.S. Industry 212324, Kaolin and Ball Clay Mining; and Shaping, molding, glazing, and firing pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures--are classified in Industry 32711, Pottery, Ceramics and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing. ##21239 21239 Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, and/or milling or otherwise beneficiating (i.e., preparing) nonmetallic minerals (except coal, stone, sand, gravel, clay, ceramic, and refractory minerals). Mining or quarrying dimension stone--are classified in Industry 21231, Stone Mining and Quarrying; Mining or quarrying sand, gravel, clay and ceramic and refractory minerals--are classified in Industry 21232, Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying; Calcining, dead burning, or otherwise processing (i.e., beyond basic preparation) minerals, such as talc, mica, feldspar, barite, and soapstone--are classified in Industry 32799, All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing boron compounds and potassium salts--are classified in Industry 32518, Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing table salt--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing Manufacturing; Manufacturing salt (except table salt)--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; and Manufacturing phosphoric acid, superphosphates, or other phosphatic fertilizer materials--are classified in Industry 32531, Fertilizer Manufacturing. ##212391 u 212391 Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining and/or milling, or otherwise beneficiating (i.e., preparing) natural potassium, sodium, or boron compounds. Drylake brine operations are included in this industry, as well as establishments engaged in producing the specified minerals from underground and open pit mines. Manufacturing boron compounds and potassium salts--are classified in U.S. Industry 325188, All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing sodium carbonate--are classified in U.S. Industry 325181, Alkalies and Chlorine Manufacturing; and Manufacturing table salt--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, Spice and Extract Manufacturing. ##212392 u 212392 Phosphate Rock Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, milling, and/or drying or otherwise beneficiating (i.e., preparing) phosphate rock. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing phosphoric acid, superphosphates, or other phosphatic fertilizer materials are classified in U.S. Industry 325312, Phosphatic Fertilizer Manufacturing. ##212393 u 212393 Other Chemical and Fertilizer Mineral Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining, milling, and/or drying or otherwise beneficiating (i.e., preparing) chemical or fertilizer mineral raw materials (except potash, soda, boron, and phosphate rock). Mining and/or milling or otherwise beneficiating natural potassium, sodium, or boron compounds--are classified in U.S. Industry 212391, Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; Manufacturing industrial salt--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; Mining, milling, drying, and/or sintering or otherwise beneficiating phosphate rock--are classified in U.S. Industry 212392, Phosphate Rock Mining; and Manufacturing table salt--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, Spice and Extract Manufacturing. ##212399 u 212399 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in developing the mine site, mining and/or milling or otherwise beneficiating (i.e., preparing) nonmetallic minerals (except stone, sand, gravel, clay, ceramic, refractory minerals, chemical and fertilizer minerals). Mining or quarrying dimension stone--are classified in Industry 21231, Stone Mining and Quarrying; Mining, quarrying, or beneficiating sand, gravel, clay, and ceramic and refractory minerals--are classified in Industry 21232, Sand, Gravel, Clay, and Ceramic and Refractory Minerals Mining and Quarrying; Mining, quarrying or beneficiating natural potash, soda, and borate--are classified in U.S. Industry 212391, Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; and Mining and/or milling or otherwise beneficiating phosphate rock--are classified in U.S. Industry 212392, Phosphate Rock Mining. ##213 213 Support Activities for Mining Industries in the Support Activities for Mining subsector group establishments primarily providing support services, on a contract or fee basis, required for the mining and quarrying of minerals and for the extraction of oil and gas. Establishments performing exploration (except geophysical surveying and mapping) for minerals, on a contract or fee basis, are included in this subsector. Exploration includes traditional prospecting methods, such as taking core samples and making geological observations at prospective sites. The activities performed on a contract or fee basis by establishments in the Support Activities for Mining subsector are also often performed in-house by mining operators. These activities include: taking core samples, making geological observations at prospective sites, excavating slush pits and cellars, and such oil and gas operations as spudding in, drilling in, redrilling, directional drilling, well surveying; running, cutting, and pulling casings, tubes and rods; cementing wells, shooting wells; perforating well casings; acidizing and chemically treating wells; and cleaning out, bailing, and swabbing wells. ##2131 2131 Support Activities for Mining ##21311 21311 Support Activities for Mining This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing support services, on a contract or fee basis, required for the mining and quarrying of minerals and for the extraction of oil and gas. Drilling, taking core samples, and making geological observations at prospective sites (except geophysical surveying and mapping) for minerals, on a contract or fee basis, is included in this industry. Performing geophysical surveying and mapping services for minerals (i.e., coal, metal ores, oil and gas, and nonmetallic minerals) on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; Mining, quarrying, and/or beneficiating on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Subsector 212, Mining (except Oil and Gas) based on the mineral mined; and Operating oil and gas field properties on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Subsector 211, Oil and Gas Extraction based on the activity. ##213111 213111 Drilling Oil and Gas Wells This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drilling oil and gas wells for others on a contract or fee basis. This industry includes contractors that specialize in spudding in, drilling in, redrilling, and directional drilling. Performing exploration (except geophysical surveying and mapping) services for oil and gas on a contract or fee basis--are classified in U.S. Industry 213112, Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations; and Performing geophysical surveying and mapping services for oil and gas on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services. ##213112 u 213112 Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing support activities on a contract or fee basis for oil and gas operations (except site preparation and related construction activities). Services included are exploration (except geophysical surveying and mapping); excavating slush pits and cellars, well surveying; running, cutting, and pulling casings, tubes, and rods; cementing wells, shooting wells; perforating well casings; acidizing and chemically treating wells; and cleaning out, bailing, and swabbing wells. Contract drilling for oil and gas--are classified in U.S. Industry 213111, Drilling Oil and Gas Wells; Operating oil and gas field properties on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Subsector 211, Oil and Gas Extraction, based on the activity; Performing geophysical surveying and mapping services for oil and gas on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; Oil and gas pipeline and related structures construction--are classified in Industry 237120, Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction; and Site preparation and related construction activities on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors. ##213113 u 213113 Support Activities for Coal Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing support activities for coal mining (except site preparation and related construction activities) on a contract or fee basis. Exploration for coal is included in this industry. Exploration includes traditional prospecting methods, such as taking core samples and making geological observations at prospective sites. Performing geophysical surveying and mapping services for coal on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; Operating coal mines or quarries on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry Group 2121, Coal Mining, based on the type of coal mined; and Site preparation and related construction activities on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors. ##213114 u 213114 Support Activities for Metal Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing support activities (except site preparation and related construction activities) on a contract or fee basis for the mining and quarrying of metallic minerals and for the extraction of metal ores. Exploration for minerals is included in this industry. Exploration (except geophysical surveying and mapping services) includes traditional prospecting methods, such as taking core samples and making geological observations at prospective sites. Performing geophysical surveying and mapping services for metallic minerals on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; Operating metallic mineral mines or quarries on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry Group 2122, Metal Ore Mining, based on the type of ore mined; and Site preparation and related construction activities on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors. ##213115 u 213115 Support Activities for Nonmetallic Minerals (except Fuels) Mining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing support activities, on a fee or contract basis, for the mining and quarrying of nonmetallic minerals (except fuel) and for the extraction of nonmetallic minerals (except site preparation and related construction activities). Exploration for minerals is included in this industry. Exploration (except geophysical surveying and mapping services) includes traditional prospecting methods, such as taking core samples and making geological observations at prospective sites. Performing geophysical surveying and mapping services for nonmetallic minerals on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry 541360, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services; Operating nonmetallic mineral mines or quarries on a contract or fee basis--are classified in Industry Group 2123, Nonmetallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying, based on the type of mineral mined or quarried; and Site preparation and related construction activities--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors. ##22 22 Utilities The Sector as a Whole The Utilities sector comprises establishments engaged in the provision of the following utility services: electric power, natural gas, steam supply, water supply, and sewage removal. Within this sector, the specific activities associated with the utility services provided vary by utility: electric power includes generation, transmission, and distribution; natural gas includes distribution; steam supply includes provision and/or distribution; water supply includes treatment and distribution; and sewage removal includes collection, treatment, and disposal of waste through sewer systems and sewage treatment facilities. Excluded from this sector are establishments primarily engaged in waste management services classified in Subsector 562, Waste Management and Remediation Services. These establishments also collect, treat, and dispose of waste materials; however, they do not use sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities. ##221 c 221 Utilities Industries in the Utilities subsector provide electric power, natural gas, steam supply, water supply, and sewage removal through a permanent infrastructure of lines, mains, and pipes. Establishments are grouped together based on the utility service provided and the particular system or facilities required to perform the service. ##2211 2211 Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in generating, transmitting, and/or distributing electric power. Establishments in this industry group may perform one or more of the following activities: (1) operate generation facilities that produce electric energy; (2) operate transmission systems that convey the electricity from the generation facility to the distribution system; and (3) operate distribution systems that convey electric power received from the generation facility or the transmission system to the final consumer. ##22111c 22111 Electric Power Generation This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating electric power generation facilities. These facilities convert other forms of energy, such as water power (i.e., hydroelectric), fossil fuels, nuclear power, and solar power, into electrical energy. The establishments in this industry produce electric energy and provide electricity to transmission systems or to electric power distribution systems. Establishments primarily engaged in operating trash incinerators that also generate electricity are classified in Industry 56221, Waste Treatment and Disposal. ##221111 c 221111 Hydroelectric Power Generation This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating hydroelectric power generation facilities. These facilities use water power to drive a turbine and produce electric energy. The electric energy produced in these establishment is provided to electric power transmission systems or to electric power distribution systems. ##221112 c 221112 Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating fossil fuel powered electric power generation facilities. These facilities use fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, or gas, in internal combustion or combustion turbine conventional steam process to produce electric energy. The electric energy produced in these establishments are provided to electric power transmission systems or to electric power distribution systems. ##221113 c 221113 Nuclear Electric Power Generation This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating nuclear electric power generation facilities. These facilities use nuclear power to produce electric energy. The electric energy produced in these establishments are provided to electric power transmission systems or to electric power distribution systems. ##221119 c 221119 Other Electric Power Generation This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating electric power generation facilities (except hydroelectric, fossil fuel, nuclear). These facilities convert other forms of energy, such as solar, wind, or tidal power, into electrical energy. The electric energy produced in these establishment is provided to electric power transmission systems or to electric power distribution systems. Operating trash disposal incinerators that also generate electricity--are classified in U.S. Industry 562213, Solid Waste Combustors and Incinerators; Operating hydroelectric power generation facilities--are classified in U.S. Industry 221111, Hydroelectric Power Generation; Operating fossil fuel powered electric power generation facilities--are classified in U.S. Industry 221112, Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation; and Operating nuclear electric power generation facilities--are classified in U.S. Industry 221113, Nuclear Electric Power Generation. ##22112c 22112 Electric Power Transmission, Control, and Distribution This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating electric power transmission systems, controlling (i.e., regulating voltages) the transmission of electricity, and/or distributing electricity. The transmission system includes lines and transformer stations. These establishments arrange, facilitate, or coordinate the transmission of electricity from the generating source to the distribution centers, other electric utilities, or final consumers. The distribution system consists of lines, poles, meters, and wiring that deliver the electricity to final consumers. Establishments primarily engaged in generating electric energy are classified in Industry 22111, Electric Power Generation. ##221121 c 221121 Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating electric power transmission systems and/or controlling (i.e., regulatory voltage) the transmission of electricity from the generating source to distribution centers or other electric utilities. The transmission system includes lines and transformer stations. Generating electric energy--are classified in Industry 22111, Electric Power Generation; and Distributing electricity to final consumers--are classified in U.S. Industry 221122, Electric Power Distribution. ##221122 c 221122 Electric Power Distribution This U.S. industry comprises electric power establishments primarily engaged in either (1) operating electric power distribution systems (i.e., consisting of lines, poles, meters, and wiring) or (2) operating as electric power brokers or agents that arrange the sale of electricity via power distribution systems operated by others. Generating electric energy--are classified in Industry 22111, Electric Power Generation; and Transmitting electricity between generating sources or distribution centers--are classified in U.S. Industry 221121, Electric Bulk Power Transmission and Control. ##2212 c 2212 Natural Gas Distribution ##22121c 22121 Natural Gas Distribution See industry description for 221210 below. ##221210 c 221210 Natural Gas Distribution This industry comprises: (1) establishments primarily engaged in operating gas distribution systems (e.g., mains, meters); (2) establishments known as gas marketers that buy gas from the well and sell it to a distribution system; (3) establishments known as gas brokers or agents that arrange the sale of gas over gas distribution systems operated by others; and (4) establishments primarily engaged in transmitting and distributing gas to final consumers. Pipeline transportation of natural gas from process plants to local distribution systems--are classified in Industry 486210, Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas; and Retailing liquified petroleum (LP) gas via direct selling--are classified in U.S. Industry 454312, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (Bottled Gas) Dealers. ##2213 c 2213 Water, Sewage and Other Systems ##22131c 22131 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems See industry description for 221310 below. ##221310 c 221310 Water Supply and Irrigation Systems This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating water treatment plants and/or operating water supply systems. The water supply system may include pumping stations, aqueducts, and/or distribution mains. The water may be used for drinking, irrigation, or other uses. ##22132c 22132 Sewage Treatment Facilities See industry description for 221320 below. ##221320 c 221320 Sewage Treatment Facilities This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in operating sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities that collect, treat, and dispose of waste. Operating waste treatment or disposal facilities (except sewer systems or sewage treatment facilities)--are classified in Industry 56221, Waste Treatment and Disposal; Pumping (i.e., cleaning) septic tanks and cesspools--are classified in U.S. Industry 562991, Septic Tank and Related Services; and Cleaning and rodding sewers and catch basins--are classified in U.S. Industry 562998, All Other Miscellaneous Waste Management Services. ##22133c 22133 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply See industry description for 221330 below. ##221330 c 221330 Steam and Air-Conditioning Supply This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing steam, heated air, or cooled air. The steam distribution may be through mains. ##23 23 Construction The Sector as a Whole The construction sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in the construction of buildings or engineering projects (e.g., highways and utility systems). Establishments primarily engaged in the preparation of sites for new construction and establishments primarily engaged in subdividing land for sale as building sites also are included in this sector. Construction work done may include new work, additions, alterations, or maintenance and repairs. Activities of these establishments generally are managed at a fixed place of business, but they usually perform construction activities at multiple project sites. Production responsibilities for establishments in this sector are usually specified in (1) contracts with the owners of construction projects (prime contracts) or (2) contracts with other construction establishments (subcontracts). Establishments primarily engaged in contracts that include responsibility for all aspects of individual construction projects are commonly known as general contractors, but also may be known as design-builders, construction managers, turnkey contractors, or (in cases where two or more establishments jointly secure a general contract) joint-venture contractors. Construction managers that provide oversight and scheduling only (i.e., agency) as well as construction managers that are responsible for the entire project (i.e., at risk) are included as general contractor type establishments. Establishments of the "general contractor type" frequently arrange construction of separate parts of their projects through subcontracts with other construction establishments. Establishments primarily engaged in activities to produce a specific component (e.g., masonry, painting, and electrical work) of a construction project are commonly known as specialty trade contractors. Activities of specialty trade contractors are usually subcontracted from other construction establishments but, especially in remodeling and repair construction, the work may be done directly for the owner of the property. Establishments primarily engaged in activities to construct buildings to be sold on sites that they own are known as operative builders, but also may be known as speculative builders or merchant builders. Operative builders produce buildings in a manner similar to general contractors, but their production processes also include site acquisition and securing of financial backing. Operative builders are most often associated with the construction of residential buildings. Like general contractors, they may subcontract all or part of the actual construction work on their buildings. There are substantial differences in the types of equipment, work force skills, and other inputs required by establishments in this sector. To highlight these differences and variations in the underlying production functions, this sector is divided into three subsectors. Subsector 236, Construction of Buildings, comprises establishments of the general contractor type and operative builders involved in the construction of buildings. Subsector 237, Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction, comprises establishments involved in the construction of engineering projects. Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors, comprises establishments engaged in specialty trade activities generally needed in the construction of all types of buildings. Force account construction is construction work performed by an enterprise primarily engaged in some business other than construction for its own account and use, using employees of the enterprise. This activity is not included in the construction sector unless the construction work performed is the primary activity of a separate establishment of the enterprise. The installation and the ongoing repair and maintenance of telecommunications and utility networks is excluded from construction when the establishments performing the work are not independent contractors. Although a growing proportion of this work is subcontracted to independent contractors in the Construction Sector, the operating units of telecommunications and utility companies performing this work are included with the telecommunications or utility activities. ##236 236 Construction of Buildings The Construction of Buildings subsector comprises establishments primarily responsible for the construction of buildings. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, or maintenance and repairs. The on-site assembly of precut, panelized, and prefabricated buildings and construction of temporary buildings are included in this subsector. Part or all of the production work for which the establishments in this sector have responsibility may be subcontracted to other construction establishments usually specialty trade contractors. Establishments in this subsector are classified based on the types of buildings they construct. This classification reflects variations in the requirements of the underlying production processes. ##2361 2361 Residential Building Construction ##23611 23611 Residential Building Construction This Industry comprises establishments primarily responsible for the construction or remodeling and renovation of single-family and multifamily residential buildings. Included in this industry are residential housing general contractors (i.e., new construction, remodeling or renovating existing residential structures), operative builders and remodelers of residential structures, residential project construction management firms, and residential design-build firms. Performing specialized construction work on houses and other residential buildings, generally on a subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; Performing manufactured (mobile) home setup and tie-down work--are classified in Industry 238990, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors; and Constructing and leasing residential buildings on their own account--are classified in Industry 531110, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. ##236115 u 236115 New Single-Family Housing Construction (except Operative Builders) This U.S. industry comprises general contractor establishments primarily responsible for the entire construction of new single-family housing, such as single-family detached houses and town houses or row houses where each housing unit (1) is separated from its neighbors by a ground-to-roof wall and (2) has no housing units constructed above or below. This industry includes general contractors responsible for the on-site assembly of modular and prefabricated houses. Single-family housing design-build firms and single-family construction management firms acting as general contractors are included in this industry. Building single-family houses on their own account for sale as operative or speculative builders--are classified in U.S. Industry 236117, New Housing Operative Builders; Remodeling or repairing existing houses and other residential buildings--are classified in U.S. Industry 236118, Residential Remodelers; Performing manufactured (mobile) home setup and tie-down work--are classified in Industry 238990, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors; Performing specialized construction work on houses and other residential buildings, generally on a subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; and Constructing and leasing residential buildings on their own account--are classified in Industry 531110, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. ##236116 u 236116 New Multifamily Housing Construction (except Operative Builders) This U.S. industry comprises general contractor establishments responsible for the construction of new multifamily residential housing units (e.g., high-rise, garden, and town house apartments and condominiums where each unit is not separated from its neighbors by a ground-to-roof wall). Multifamily design-build firms and multifamily housing construction management firms acting as general contractors are included in this industry. Building multifamily buildings on their own account for sale as operative or speculative builders--are classified in U.S. Industry 236117, New Housing Operative Builders; Remodeling or repairing existing multifamily housing and other residential buildings--are classified in U.S. Industry 236118, Residential Remodelers; Performing specialized construction work on multifamily housing and other residential buildings, generally on a subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; and Constructing and leasing residential buildings on their own account--are classified in Industry 531110, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. ##236117 u 236117 New Housing Operative Builders This U.S. industry comprises operative builders primarily responsible for the entire construction of new houses and other residential buildings, single-family and multifamily, on their own account for sale. Operative builders are also known as speculative or merchant builders. Building single-family houses for others as general contractors--are classified in U.S. Industry 236115, New Single-Family Housing Construction (except Operative Builders); Building multifamily residential buildings for others as general contractors--are classified in U.S. Industry 236116, New Multifamily Housing Construction (except Operative Builders); Remodeling or repairing existing houses and other residential buildings, either for others or on own account for sale--are classified in U.S. Industry 236118, Residential Remodelers; Performing specialized construction work on houses or other residential buildings, generally on a subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; and Constructing and leasing residential buildings on their own account--are classified in Industry 531110, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. ##236118 u 236118 Residential Remodelers This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily responsible for the remodeling construction (including additions, alterations, reconstruction, maintenance and repair work) of houses and other residential buildings, single-family and multifamily. Included in this industry are remodeling general contractors, operative remodelers, remodeling design-build firms, and remodeling project construction management firms. Building single-family houses for others as general contractors--are classified in U.S. Industry 236115, New Single-Family Housing Construction (except Operative Builders); Building multifamily buildings for others as general contractors--are classified in U.S. Industry 236116, New Multifamily Housing Construction (except Operative Builders); Building houses or other residential buildings, on their own account for sale as operative or speculative builders--are classified in U.S. Industry 236117, New Housing Operative Builders; Remodeling nonresidential buildings--are classified in Industry Group 2362, Nonresidential Building Construction, based on the type of structure being remodeled; Performing specialized construction work on houses or other residential buildings generally on a subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; and Constructing and leasing residential buildings on their own account--are classified in Industry 531110, Lessors of Residential Buildings and Dwellings. ##2362 2362 Nonresidential Building Construction This industry group comprises establishments primarily responsible for the construction (including new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs) of nonresidential buildings. This industry group includes nonresidential general contractors, nonresidential operative builders, nonresidential design-build firms, and nonresidential project construction management firms. ##23621 23621 Industrial Building Construction See industry description for 236210 below. ##236210 c 236210 Industrial Building Construction This industry comprises establishments primarily responsible for the construction (including new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs) of industrial buildings (except warehouses). The construction of selected additional structures, whose production processes are similar to those for industrial buildings (e.g., incinerators, cement plants, blast furnaces, and similar nonbuilding structures), is included in this industry. Included in this industry are industrial building general contractors, industrial building operative builders, industrial building design-build firms, and industrial building construction management firms. Constructing oil refineries and petrochemical plant--are classified in Industry 237120, Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction; Constructing water treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, and pumping stations for water and sewer systems--are classified in Industry 237110, Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Constructing power generation plants (except hydroelectric)--are classified in Industry 237130, Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Constructing industrial warehouses--are classified in Industry 236220, Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; and Performing specialized construction work on industrial buildings, generally on a subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors. ##23622 23622 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction See industry description for 236220 below. ##236220 c 236220 Commercial and Institutional Building Construction This industry comprises establishments primarily responsible for the construction (including new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs) of commercial and institutional buildings and related structures, such as stadiums, grain elevators, and indoor swimming pools. This industry includes establishments responsible for the on-site assembly of modular or prefabricated commercial and institutional buildings. Included in this industry are commercial and institutional building general contractors, commercial and institutional building operative builders, commercial and institutional building design-build firms, and commercial and institutional building project construction management firms. Constructing structures that are integral parts of utility systems (e.g., storage tanks, pumping stations) or are used to produce products for these systems (e.g., power plants, refineries)--are classified in Industry Group 2371, Utility System Construction, based on type of construction project; Performing specialized construction work on commercial and institutional buildings generally on a subcontract basis--are classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors; and Constructing buildings on their own account for rent or lease--are classified in Industry Group 5311, Lessors of Real Estate. ##237 237 Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction The Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction subsector comprises establishments whose primary activity is the construction of entire engineering projects (e.g., highways and dams), and specialty trade contractors, whose primary activity is the production of a specific component for such projects. Specialty trade contractors in Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction generally are performing activities that are specific to heavy and civil engineering construction projects and are not normally performed on buildings. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, or maintenance and repairs. Specialty trade activities are classified in this subsector if the skills and equipment present are specific to heavy or civil engineering construction projects. For example, specialized equipment is needed to paint lines on highways. This equipment is not normally used in building applications so the activity is classified in this subsector. Traffic signal installation, while specific to highways, uses much of the same skills and equipment that are needed for electrical work in building projects and is therefore classified in Subsector 238, Specialty Trade Contractors. Construction projects involving water resources (e.g., dredging and land drainage) and projects involving open space improvement (e.g., parks and trails) are included in this subsector. Establishments whose primary activity is the subdivision of land into individual building lots usually perform various additional site-improvement activities (e.g., road building and utility line installation) and are included in this subsector. Establishments in this subsector are classified based on the types of structures that they construct. This classification reflects variations in the requirements of the underlying production processes. ##2371 2371 Utility System Construction This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the construction of distribution lines and related buildings and structures for utilities (i.e., water, sewer, petroleum, gas, power, and communication). All structures (including buildings) that are integral parts of utility systems (e.g., storage tanks, pumping stations, power plants, and refineries) are included in this industry group. ##23711 23711 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction See industry description for 237110 below. ##237110 c 237110 Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the construction of water and sewer lines, mains, pumping stations, treatment plants and storage tanks. The work performed may include new work, reconstruction, rehabilitation, and repairs. Specialty trade contractors are included in this group if they are engaged in activities primarily related to water and sewer line and related structures construction. All structures (including buildings) that are integral parts of water and sewer networks (e.g., storage tanks, pumping stations, water treatment plants, and sewage treatment plants) are included in this industry. Establishments primarily engaged in constructing marine facilities (e.g., ports), flood control structures, dams, or hydroelectric power generation facilities are classified in Industry 237990, Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction. ##23712 23712 Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction See industry description for 237120 below. ##237120 c 237120 Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the construction of oil and gas lines, mains, refineries, and storage tanks. The work performed may include new work, reconstruction, rehabilitation, and repairs. Specialty trade contractors are included in this group if they are engaged in activities primarily related to oil and gas pipeline and related structures construction. All structures (including buildings) that are integral parts of oil and gas networks (e.g., storage tanks, pumping stations, and refineries) are included in this industry. Establishments primarily engaged in building chemical plants (except petrochemical) and similar process or batch facilities are classified in Industry 236210, Industrial Building Construction. ##23713 23713 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction See industry description for 237130 below. ##237130 c 237130 Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the construction of power lines and towers, power plants, and radio, television, and telecommunications transmitting/receiving towers. The work performed may include new work, reconstruction, rehabilitation, and repairs. Specialty trade contractors are included in this group if they are engaged in activities primarily related to power and communication line and related structures construction. All structures (including buildings) that are integral parts of power and communication networks (e.g., transmitting towers, substations, and power plants) are included. Constructing hydroelectric generating facilities--are classified in Industry 237990, Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; Constructing broadcast studios and similar nonresidential buildings--are classified in Industry 236220, Commercial and Institutional Building Construction; Performing electrical work within buildings--are classified in Industry 238210, Electrical Contractors; Line slashing or cutting (except maintenance)--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors; Installing and maintaining communication transmission lines performed by telecommunications companies--are classified in Subsector 517, Telecommunications; Locating underground utility lines prior to digging--are classified in Industry 561990, All Other Support Services; and Tree and brush trimming for overhead utility lines--are classified in Industry 561730, Landscaping Services. ##2372 2372 Land Subdivision ##23721 23721 Land Subdivision See industry description for 237210 below. ##237210 c 237210 Land Subdivision This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in servicing land and subdividing real property into lots, for subsequent sale to builders. Servicing of land may include excavation work for the installation of roads and utility lines. The extent of work may vary from project to project. Land subdivision precedes building activity and the subsequent building is often residential, but may also be commercial tracts and industrial parks. These establishments may do all the work themselves or subcontract the work to others. Establishments that perform only the legal subdivision of land are not included in this industry. Constructing buildings, for sale, on lots they subdivide--are classified in Industry Group 2361, Residential Building Construction, or Industry Group 2362, Nonresidential Building Construction, based on the type of construction project; Installing roads on a subcontract basis for land subdividers--are classified in Industry 237310, Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction; Installing utilities on a subcontract basis for land subdividers--are classified in Industry Group 2371, Utility System Construction; Preparing land owned by others for building construction--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors; Constructing buildings, for rent or own use, on lots they subdivide--are classified in Industry Group 5311, Lessors of Real Estate; and Legal subdivision of land without land preparation--are classified elsewhere in the classification system based on the primary activity of the establishment. ##2373 2373 Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction ##23731 23731 Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction See industry description for 237310 below. ##237310 c 237310 Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the construction of highways (including elevated), streets, roads, airport runways, public sidewalks, or bridges. The work performed may include new work, reconstruction, rehabilitation, and repairs. Specialty trade contractors are included in this group if they are engaged in activities primarily related to highway, street, and bridge construction (e.g., installing guardrails on highways). Constructing tunnels--are classified in Industry 237990, Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; Highway lighting and signal installation--are classified in Industry 238210, Electrical Contractors; Painting bridges--are classified in Industry 238320, Painting and Wall Covering Contractors; and Constructing parking lots and private driveways and sidewalks, or erecting billboards--are classified in Industry 238990, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors. ##2379 2379 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction ##23799 23799 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction See industry description for 237990 below. ##237990 c 237990 Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in heavy and engineering construction projects (excluding highway, street, bridge, and distribution line construction). The work performed may include new work, reconstruction, rehabilitation, and repairs. Specialty trade contractors are included in this group if they are engaged in activities primarily related to engineering construction projects (excluding highway, street, bridge, distribution line, oil and gas structure, and utilities building and structure construction). Construction projects involving water resources (e.g., dredging and land drainage), development of marine facilities, and projects involving open space improvement (e.g., parks and trails) are included in this industry. Constructing water mains, sewers, and related structures--are classified in Industry 237110, Water and Sewer Line and Related Structures Construction; Constructing oil and gas pipelines and related structures--are classified in Industry 237120, Oil and Gas Pipeline and Related Structures Construction; Constructing power and communication transmission lines and related structures--are classified in Industry 237130, Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; Constructing highways, streets, and bridges--are classified in Industry 237310, Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction; and Trenching (except underwater)--are classified in U.S. Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors. ##238 238 Specialty Trade Contractors The Specialty Trade Contractors subsector comprises establishments whose primary activity is performing specific activities (e.g., pouring concrete, site preparation, plumbing, painting, and electrical work) involved in building construction or other activities that are similar for all types of construction but that are not responsible for the entire project. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. The production work performed by establishments in this subsector is usually subcontracted from establishments of the general contractor type or operative builders but, especially in remodeling and repair construction, work also may be done directly for the owner of the property. Specialty trade contractors usually perform most of their work at the construction site, although they may have shops where they perform prefabrication and other work. Establishments primarily engaged in preparing sites for new construction are also included in this subsector. There are substantial differences in types of equipment, work force skills, and other inputs required by specialty trade contractors. Establishments in this subsector are classified based on the underlying production function for the specialty trade in which they specialize. Throughout the Specialty Trade Contractors subsector, establishments commonly provide both the parts and labor required to complete work. For example, electrical contractors supply the current-carrying and noncurrent-carrying wiring devices that are required to install a circuit. Plumbing, Heating and Air-Conditioning contractors also supply the parts required to complete a contract. Establishments that specialize in activities primarily related to heavy and civil engineering construction that are not normally performed on buildings, such as the painting of lines on highways are classified in Subsector 237, Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction. Establishments that are primarily engaged in selling construction materials are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade, or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade, based on the characteristics of the selling unit. ##2381 2381 Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the specialty trades needed to complete the basic structure (i.e., foundation, frame, and shell) of buildings. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. ##23811c 23811 Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors See industry description for 238110 below. ##238110 c 238110 Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring and finishing concrete foundations and structural elements. This industry also includes establishments performing grout and shotcrete work. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Constructing or paving streets, highways, and public sidewalks--are classified in Industry 237310, Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction; Concrete sealing, coating, waterproofing, or dampproofing--are classified in Industry 238390, Other Building Finishing Contractors; and Paving residential driveways, commercial parking lots, and other private parking areas--are classified in Industry 238990, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors. ##23812 23812 Structural Steel and Precast Concrete Contractors See industry description for 238120 below. ##238120 c 238120 Structural Steel and Precast Concrete Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in: (1) erecting and assembling structural parts made from steel or precast concrete (e.g., steel beams, structural steel components, and similar products of precast concrete); and/or (2) assembling and installing other steel construction products (e.g., steel rods, bars, rebar, mesh, and cages) to reinforce poured-in-place concrete. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Establishments primarily engaged in pouring concrete at the construction site for building foundations or structural elements are classified in Industry 238110, Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors. ##23813c 23813 Framing Contractors See industry description for 238130 below. ##238130 c 238130 Framing Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in structural framing and sheathing using materials other than structural steel or concrete. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Finish carpentry--are classified in Industry 238350, Finish Carpentry Contractors; and Installing structural steel or precast concrete framing or structural elements--are classified in Industry 238120, Structural Steel and Precast Concrete Contractors. ##23814c 23814 Masonry Contractors See industry description for 238140 below. ##238140 c 238140 Masonry Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in masonry work, stone setting, brick laying, and other stone work. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Erecting the basic structure of buildings by pouring concrete--are classified in Industry 238110, Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors; Interior marble, granite and slate work--are classified in Industry 238340, Tile and Terrazzo Contractors; and Laying precast stones or bricks for patios, sidewalks, and driveways; or paving residential driveways, commercial parking lots and other private parking areas--are classified in Industry 238990, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors. ##23815c 23815 Glass and Glazing Contractors See industry description for 238150 below. ##238150 c 238150 Glass and Glazing Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing glass panes in prepared openings (i.e., glazing work) and other glass work for buildings. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Installing prefabricated window units--are classified in Industry 238350, Finish Carpentry Contractors; and The replacement, repair, and/or tinting of automotive glass--are classified in U.S. Industry 811122, Automotive Glass Replacement Shops. ##23816c 23816 Roofing Contractors See industry description for 238160 below. ##238160 c 238160 Roofing Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in roofing. This industry also includes establishments treating roofs (i.e., spraying, painting, or coating) and installing skylights. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Installing roof trusses and sheathing attached to trusses--are classified in Industry 238130, Framing Contractors; and Installing downspouts, gutters, fascia, and soffits--are classified in Industry 238170, Siding Contractors. ##23817c 23817 Siding Contractors See industry description for 238170 below. ##238170 c 238170 Siding Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing siding of wood, aluminum, vinyl or other exterior finish material (except brick, stone, stucco, or curtain wall). This industry also includes establishments installing gutters and downspouts. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Installing brick, stone, or stucco building exterior finish materials--are classified in Industry 238140, Masonry Contractors; Installing curtain wall--are classified in Industry 238190, Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; and Installing sheet metal duct work--are classified in Industry 238220, Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors. ##23819c 23819 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors See industry description for 238190 below. ##238190 c 238190 Other Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in building foundation and structure trades work (except poured concrete, structural steel, precast concrete, framing, masonry, glass and glazing, roofing, and siding). The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Poured concrete foundation and structure work--are classified in Industry 238110, Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors; Installation of structural steel or precast concrete building components--are classified in Industry 238120, Structural Steel and Precast Concrete Contractors; Framing buildings--are classified in Industry 238130, Framing Contractors; Masonry work--are classified in Industry 238140, Masonry Contractors; Glass and glazing work--are classified in Industry 238150, Glass and Glazing Contractors; Installing or repairing roofs--are classified in Industry 238160, Roofing Contractors; and Installing siding--are classified in Industry 238170, Siding Contractors. ##2382 2382 Building Equipment Contractors This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing or servicing equipment that forms part of a building mechanical system (e.g., electricity, water, heating, and cooling). The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, or maintenance and repairs. Contractors installing specialized building equipment, such as elevators, escalators, service station equipment, and central vacuum cleaning systems are also included. ##23821 23821 Electrical Contractors See industry description for 238210 below. ##238210 c 238210 Electrical Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing and servicing electrical wiring and equipment. Electrical contractors included in this industry may include both the parts and labor when performing work. Electrical contractors may perform new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Installing and maintaining telecommunications lines by telecommunications companies--are classified in Subsector 517, Telecommunications; Constructing power and communication transmission lines--are classified in Industry 237130, Power and Communication Line and Related Structures Construction; and Burglar and fire alarm installation combined with sales, maintenance, or monitoring services--are classified in U.S. Industry 561621, Security Systems Services (except Locksmiths). ##23822 23822 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors See industry description for 238220 below. ##238220 c 238220 Plumbing, Heating, and Air-Conditioning Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing and servicing plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning equipment. Contractors in this industry may provide both parts and labor when performing work. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Installing electrical controls for HVAC systems--are classified in Industry 238210, Electrical Contractors; and Duct cleaning--are classified in Industry 561790, Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings. ##23829 23829 Other Building Equipment Contractors See industry description for 238290 below. ##238290 u 238290 Other Building Equipment Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in installing or servicing building equipment (except electrical; plumbing; heating, cooling, or ventilation equipment). The repair and maintenance of miscellaneous building equipment is included in this industry. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Manufacturing of industrial equipment with incidental installation--are classified in Sectors 31-33, Manufacturing; and Repair and maintenance of commercial refrigeration equipment or production equipment--are classified in Industry 811310, Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and Maintenance. ##2383 2383 Building Finishing Contractors This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the specialty trades needed to finish buildings. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, or maintenance and repairs. ##23831 23831 Drywall and Insulation Contractors See industry description for 238310 below. ##238310 c 238310 Drywall and Insulation Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drywall, plaster work, and building insulation work. Plaster work includes applying plain or ornamental plaster, and installation of lath to receive plaster. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Applying stucco--are classified in Industry 238140, Masonry Contractors; and Insulating pipes and boilers--are classified in Industry 238290, Other Building Equipment Contractors. ##23832 23832 Painting and Wall Covering Contractors See industry description for 238320 below. ##238320 c 238320 Painting and Wall Covering Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in interior or exterior painting or interior wall covering. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Painting lines on highways, streets, and parking lots--are classified in Industry 237310, Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction; Roof painting--are classified in Industry 238160, Roofing Contractors; and Installing wood paneling--are classified in Industry 238350, Finish Carpentry Contractors. ##23833 23833 Flooring Contractors See industry description for 238330 below. ##238330 c 238330 Flooring Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the installation of resilient floor tile, carpeting, linoleum, and hard wood flooring. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Laying concrete flooring--are classified in Industry 238110, Poured Concrete Foundation and Structure Contractors; Installing stone or ceramic floor tile--are classified in Industry 238340, Tile and Terrazzo Contractors; and Selling and installing carpet and other flooring products as retail establishments--are classified in Sector 44-45, Retail Trade. ##23834 23834 Tile and Terrazzo Contractors See industry description for 238340 below. ##238340 c 238340 Tile and Terrazzo Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in setting and installing ceramic tile, stone (interior only), and mosaic and/or mixing marble particles and cement to make terrazzo at the job site. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Exterior marble, granite, and slate work--are classified in Industry 238140, Masonry Contractors; Manufacturing precast terrazzo products--are classified in Industry 327390, Other Concrete Product Manufacturing; and Installing, without selling resilient floor tile--are classified in Industry 238330, Flooring Contractors. ##23835 23835 Finish Carpentry Contractors See industry description for 238350 below. ##238350 c 238350 Finish Carpentry Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in finish carpentry work. The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Installing skylights--are classified in Industry 238160, Roofing Contractors; Framing--are classified in Industry 238130, Framing Contractors; and Building custom kitchen and bath cabinets (except free standing) in a shop are--classified in Industry 337110, Wood Kitchen Cabinet and Countertop Manufacturing. ##23839 23839 Other Building Finishing Contractors See industry description for 238390 below. ##238390 c 238390 Other Building Finishing Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in building finishing trade work (except drywall, plaster and insulation work; painting and wall covering work; flooring work; tile and terrazzo work; and finish carpentry work). The work performed may include new work, additions, alterations, or maintenance and repairs. Installing drywall, plaster or insulation--are classified in Industry 238310, Drywall and Insulation Contractors; Installing or removing paint or wall coverings--are classified in Industry 238320, Painting and Wall Covering Contractors; Installing or repairing wood floors, resilient flooring, and carpet--are classified in Industry 238330, Flooring Contractors; Setting tile or performing terrazzo work--are classified in Industry 238340, Tile and Terrazzo Contractors; and Finish carpentry--are classified in Industry 238350, Finish Carpentry Contractors. ##2389 2389 Other Specialty Trade Contractors ##23891 23891 Site Preparation Contractors See industry description for 238910 below. ##238910 c 238910 Site Preparation Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in site preparation activities, such as excavating and grading, demolition of buildings and other structures, septic system installation, and house moving. Earth moving and land clearing for all types of sites (e.g., building, nonbuilding, mining) is included in this industry. Establishments primarily engaged in construction equipment rental with operator (except cranes) are also included. Earth retention or underwater trenching--are classified in Industry 237990, Other Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction; Crane rental with operator--are classified in Industry 238990, All Other Specialty Trade Contractors; Overburden removal as an activity prior to mineral removal from quarries or open pit mines--are classified in Sector 21, Mining; Drilling oil and gas field water intake wells--are classified in U.S. Industry 213111, Support Activities for Mining; Dismantling tanks in oil fields--are classified in U.S. Industry 213112, Drilling Oil and Gas Wells; Construction equipment rental without an operator--are classified in U.S. Industry 532412, Construction, Mining, and Forestry Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing; Tree and brush trimming for overhead utility lines--are classified in Industry 561730, Landscaping Services; and Nuclear power plant decommissioning and environmental remediation work, such as the removal of underground steel tanks for hazardous materials--are classified in Industry 562910, Remediation Services. ##23899 23899 All Other Specialty Trade Contractors See industry description for 238990 below. ##238990 c 238990 All Other Specialty Trade Contractors This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in specialized trades (except foundation, structure, and building exterior contractors; building equipment contractors; building finishing contractors; and site preparation contractors). The specialty trade work performed includes new work, additions, alterations, maintenance, and repairs. Foundation, structure, and building exterior work--are classified in Industry Group 2381, Foundation, Structure, and Building Exterior Contractors; Installing, repairing, or maintaining building mechanical systems--are classified in Industry Group 2382, Building Equipment Contractors; Finishing buildings--are classified in Industry Group 2383, Building Finishing Contractors; Paving public highways, streets, and roads--are classified in Industry 237310, Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction; Construction equipment rental with an operator (except cranes) or preparing land for building construction--are classified in Industry 238910, Site Preparation Contractors; Construction equipment rental without an operator--are classified in U.S. Industry 532412, Construction, Mining, and Forestry Machinery and Equipment Rental and Leasing; Radon testing--are classified in Industry 541380, Testing Laboratories; Power washing and other building exterior cleaning (except sandblasting)--are classified in Industry 561790, Other Services to Buildings and Dwellings; and Environmental remediation work, such as asbestos abatement--are classified in Industry 562910, Remediation Services. ##31-33 31-33 Manufacturing The Sector as a Whole The Manufacturing sector comprises establishments engaged in the mechanical, physical, or chemical transformation of materials, substances, or components into new products. The assembling of component parts of manufactured products is considered manufacturing, except in cases where the activity is appropriately classified in Sector 23, Construction. Establishments in the Manufacturing sector are often described as plants, factories, or mills and characteristically use power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment. However, establishments that transform materials or substances into new products by hand or in the worker's home and those engaged in selling to the general public products made on the same premises from which they are sold, such as bakeries, candy stores, and custom tailors, may also be included in this sector. Manufacturing establishments may process materials or may contract with other establishments to process their materials for them. Both types of establishments are included in manufacturing. The materials, substances, or components transformed by manufacturing establishments are raw materials that are products of agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, or quarrying as well as products of other manufacturing establishments. The materials used may be purchased directly from producers, obtained through customary trade channels, or secured without recourse to the market by transferring the product from one establishment to another, under the same ownership. The new product of a manufacturing establishment may be finished in the sense that it is ready for utilization or consumption, or it may be semifinished to become an input for an establishment engaged in further manufacturing. For example, the product of the alumina refinery is the input used in the primary production of aluminum; primary aluminum is the input to an aluminum wire drawing plant; and aluminum wire is the input for a fabricated wire product manufacturing establishment. The subsectors in the Manufacturing sector generally reflect distinct production processes related to material inputs, production equipment, and employee skills. In the machinery area, where assembling is a key activity, parts and accessories for manufactured products are classified in the industry of the finished manufactured item when they are made for separate sale. For example, a replacement refrigerator door would be classified with refrigerators and an attachment for a piece of metal working machinery would be classified with metal working machinery. However, components, input from other manufacturing establishments, are classified based on the production function of the component manufacturer. For example, electronic components are classified in Subsector 334, Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing and stampings are classified in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. Manufacturing establishments often perform one or more activities that are classified outside the Manufacturing sector of NAICS. For instance, almost all manufacturing has some captive research and development or administrative operations, such as accounting, payroll, or management. These captive services are treated the same as captive manufacturing activities. When the services are provided by separate establishments, they are classified to the NAICS sector where such services are primary, not in manufacturing. The boundaries of manufacturing and the other sectors of the classification system can be somewhat blurry. The establishments in the manufacturing sector are engaged in the transformation of materials into new products. Their output is a new product. However, the definition of what constitutes a new product can be somewhat subjective. As clarification, the following activities are considered manufacturing in NAICS: Milk bottling and pasteurizing; Water bottling and processing; Fresh fish packaging (oyster shucking, fish filleting); Apparel jobbing (assigning of materials to contract factories or shops for fabrication or other contract operations) as well as contracting on materials owned by others; Printing and related activities; Ready-mixed concrete production; Leather converting; Grinding of lenses to prescription; Wood preserving; Electroplating, plating, metal heat treating, and polishing for the trade; Lapidary work for the trade; Fabricating signs and advertising displays; Rebuilding or remanufacturing machinery (i.e., automotive parts) Ship repair and renovation; Machine shops; and Tire retreading. Conversely, there are activities that are sometimes considered manufacturing, but which for NAICS are classified in another sector (i.e., not classified as manufacturing). They include: 1. Logging, classified in Sector 11, Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting is considered a harvesting operation; 2. The beneficiating of ores and other minerals, classified in Sector 21, Mining, is considered part of the activity of mining; 3. The construction of structures and fabricating operations performed at the site of construction by contractors, is classified in Sector 23, Construction; 4. Establishments engaged in breaking of bulk and redistribution in smaller lots, including packaging, repackaging, or bottling products, such as liquors or chemicals; the customized assembly of computers; sorting of scrap; mixing paints to customer order; and cutting metals to customer order, classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade, produce a modified version of the same product, not a new product; and 5. Publishing and the combined activity of publishing and printing, classified in Sector 51, Information, perform the transformation of information into a product where as the value of the product to the consumer lies in the information content, not in the format in which it is distributed (i.e., the book or software diskette). ##311 311 Food Manufacturing Industries in the Food Manufacturing subsector transform livestock and agricultural products into products for intermediate or final consumption. The industry groups are distinguished by the raw materials (generally of animal or vegetable origin) processed into food products. The food products manufactured in these establishments are typically sold to wholesalers or retailers for distribution to consumers, but establishments primarily engaged in retailing bakery and candy products made on the premises not for immediate consumption are included. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing beverages are classified in Subsector 312, Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing. ##3111 3111 Animal Food Manufacturing ##31111 31111 Animal Food Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing food and feed for animals from ingredients, such as grains, oilseed mill products, and meat products. Slaughtering animals for feed--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing; and Manufacturing vitamins and minerals for animals--are classified in Industry 32541, Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing. ##311111 c 311111 Dog and Cat Food Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dog and cat food from ingredients, such as grains, oilseed mill products, and meat products. Manufacturing food for animals (except dog and cat)--are classified in U.S. Industry 311119, Other Animal Food Manufacturing; Slaughtering animals for feed--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing; and Manufacturing vitamins and minerals for dogs and cats--are classified in Industry 32541, Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing. ##311119 c 311119 Other Animal Food Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing animal food (except dog and cat) from ingredients, such as grains, oilseed mill products, and meat products. Manufacturing dog and cat foods--are classified in U.S. Industry 311111, Dog and Cat Food Manufacturing; Slaughtering animals for feed--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing; and Manufacturing vitamins and minerals for animals--are classified in Industry 32541, Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing. ##3112 3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling ##31121 31121 Flour Milling and Malt Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) milling flour or meal from grains or vegetables; (2) preparing flour mixes or doughs from flour milled in the same establishment; (3) milling, cleaning, and polishing rice; and (4) manufacturing malt from barley, rye, or other grains. Preparing breakfast cereals from flour milled in the same establishment--are classified in Industry 311230, Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing; Crushing soybeans or wet milling corn and vegetables--are classified in Industry 31122, Starch and Vegetable Fats and Oils Manufacturing; Manufacturing prepared flour mixes or doughs from flour ground elsewhere--are classified in Industry 31182, Cookie, Cracker, and Pasta Manufacturing; Brewing malt beverages are classified in Industry 312120, Breweries; Mixing purchased dried and dehydrated ingredients with purchased rice--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients and packaging them with purchased rice--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying; and Manufacturing malt extract and syrups--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing Manufacturing. ##311211 c 311211 Flour Milling This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) milling flour or meal from grains (except rice) or vegetables and/or (2) milling flour and preparing flour mixes or doughs. Preparing breakfast cereals from flour milled in the same establishment--are classified in Industry 311230, Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing; Manufacturing prepared flour mixes or doughs from flour ground elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 311822, Flour Mixes and Dough Manufacturing from Purchased Flour; Milling rice or cleaning and polishing rice--are classified in U.S. Industry 311212, Rice Milling; Wet milling corn and vegetables--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet Corn Milling; and Crushing soybean and extracting soybean oil--are classified in U.S. Industry 311222, Soybean Processing. ##311212 u 311212 Rice Milling This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) milling rice; (2) cleaning and polishing rice; or (3) milling, cleaning, and polishing rice. The establishments in this industry may package the rice they mill with other ingredients. Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients and packaging them with purchased rice--are classified in U.S. Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing; and Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients with purchased rice--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing. ##311213 u 311213 Malt Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing malt from barley, rye, or other grains. Brewing malt beverages--are classified in Industry 312120, Breweries; and Manufacturing malt extract and syrups--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, Spice and Extract Manufacturing. ##31122 31122 Starch and Vegetable Fats and Oils Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) wet milling corn and vegetables; (2) crushing oilseeds and tree nuts; (3) refining and/or blending vegetable oils; (4) manufacturing shortening and margarine; and (5) blending purchased animal fats with vegetable fats. Manufacturing table syrups from corn syrup and starch base dessert powders--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; Reducing maple sap to maple syrup--are classified in Industry 11199, All Other Crop Farming; Milling flour or meal from grains and vegetables--are classified in Industry 31121, Flour Milling and Malt Manufacturing; Wet milling corn to produce nonpotable ethyl alcohol--are classified in Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Rendering or refining animal fats and oils--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing; and Manufacturing laundry starches--are classified in Industry 32561, Soap and Cleaning Compound Manufacturing. ##311221 c 311221 Wet Corn Milling This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in wet milling corn and other vegetables (except to make ethyl alcohol). Examples of products made in these establishments are corn sweeteners, such as glucose, dextrose, and fructose; corn oil; and starches (except laundry). Refining and/or blending corn oil from purchased oils--are classified in U.S. Industry 311225, Fats and Oils Refining and Blending; Manufacturing sweetening syrups from corn syrup and starch base dessert powders--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; Reducing maple sap to maple syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 111998, All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming; Milling (except wet milling) corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 311211, Flour Milling; Wet milling corn to produce nonpotable ethyl alcohol--are classified in U.S. Industry 325193, Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; and Manufacturing laundry starches--are classified in U.S. Industry 325612, Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing. ##311222 u 311222 Soybean Processing This U.S. industry comprises establishments engaged in crushing soybeans. Examples of products produced in these establishments are soybean oil, soybean cake and meal, and soybean protein isolates and concentrates. Refining and/or blending soybean oil from purchased oil--are classified in U.S. Industry 311225, Fats and Oils Refining and Blending; Wet milling corn and other vegetables--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet Corn Milling; and Crushing oilseeds (except soybeans) and tree nuts--are classified in U.S. Industry 311223, Other Oilseed Processing. ##311223 u 311223 Other Oilseed Processing This U.S. industry comprises establishments engaged in crushing oilseeds (except soybeans) and tree nuts, such as cottonseeds, linseeds, peanuts, and sunflower seeds. Wet milling corn and other vegetables--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet Corn Milling; Crushing soybeans--are classified in U.S. Industry 311222, Soybean Processing; and Refining and/or blending vegetable, oilseed, and tree nut oils from purchased oils--are classified in U.S. Industry 311225, Fats and Oils Refining and Blending. ##311225 c 311225 Fats and Oils Refining and Blending This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing shortening and margarine from purchased fats and oils; (2) refining and/or blending vegetable, oilseed, and tree nut oils from purchased oils; and (3) blending purchased animal fats with purchased vegetable fats. Refining and/or blending soybean oil in soybean crushing mills--are classified in U.S. Industry 311222, Soybean Processing; Refining and/or blending corn oil made by wet corn milling--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet Corn Milling; Refining and/or blending oilseeds (except soybeans) and tree nuts in crushing mills--are classified in U.S. Industry 311223, Other Oilseed Processing; and Rendering or refining animal fats and oils--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing. ##31123 31123 Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing See industry description for 311230 below. ##311230 311230 Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing breakfast cereal foods. Manufacturing nonchocolate-coated granola bars and other types of breakfast bars--are classified in Industry 311340, Nonchocolate Confectionery Manufacturing; Manufacturing chocolate-coated granola bars from purchased chocolate--are classified in Industry 311330, Confectionery Manufacturing from Purchased Chocolate; Manufacturing chocolate-coated granola bars from cacao beans--are classified in Industry 311320, Chocolate and Confectionery Manufacturing from Cacao Beans; and Manufacturing coffee substitutes from grain--are classified in Industry 311920, Coffee and Tea Manufacturing. ##3113 3113 Sugar and Confectionery Product Manufacturing This industry group comprises (1) establishments that process agricultural inputs, such as sugarcane, beet, and cacao, to give rise to a new product (sugar or chocolate), and (2) those that begin with sugar and chocolate and process these further. ##31131 31131 Sugar Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing raw sugar, liquid sugar, and refined sugar from sugarcane, raw cane sugar and sugarbeets. Manufacturing corn sweeteners by wet milling corn--are classified in Industry 31122, Starch and Vegetable Fats and Oils Manufacturing; Manufacturing table syrups from corn syrup and starch base dessert powders--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; Reducing maple sap to maple syrup--are classified in Industry 11199, All Other Crop Farming; and Manufacturing synthetic sweeteners (i.e., sweetening agents), such as saccharin and sugar substitutes (i.e., synthetic sweetener blended with other ingredients),--are classified in Subsector 325, Chemical Manufacturing. ##311311 u 311311 Sugarcane Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in processing sugarcane. Manufacturing refined cane sugar from raw cane sugar--are classified in U.S. Industry 311312, Cane Sugar Refining; Manufacturing beet sugar--are classified in U.S. Industry 311313, Beet Sugar Manufacturing; Manufacturing corn sweeteners by wet milling corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet Corn Milling; Manufacturing table syrups from corn syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; and Manufacturing synthetic sweeteners (i.e., sweetening agents), such as saccharin and sugar substitutes (i.e., synthetic sweetener blended with other ingredients),--are classified in Subsector 325, Chemical Manufacturing. ##311312 u 311312 Cane Sugar Refining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in refining cane sugar from raw cane sugar. Processing and refining sugarcane--are classified in U.S. Industry 311311, Sugarcane Mills; Manufacturing beet sugar--are classified in U.S. Industry 311313, Beet Sugar Manufacturing; Manufacturing corn sweeteners by wet milling corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet Corn Milling; Reducing maple sap to maple syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 111998, All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming; Manufacturing table syrups from corn syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; and Manufacturing synthetic sweeteners (i.e., sweetening agents), such as saccharin and sugar substitutes (i.e., synthetic sweetener blended with other ingredients),--are classified in Subsector 325, Chemical Manufacturing. ##311313 u 311313 Beet Sugar Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing refined beet sugar from sugarbeets. Manufacturing raw cane sugar and/or refined cane sugar from sugarcane--are classified in U.S. Industry 311311, Sugarcane Mills; Manufacturing refined cane sugar from raw cane sugar--are classified in U.S. Industry 311312, Cane Sugar Refining; Manufacturing corn sweeteners by wet milling corn--are classified in U.S. Industry 311221, Wet Corn Milling; Manufacturing table syrups from corn syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; Reducing maple sap to maple syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 111998, All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming; and Manufacturing synthetic sweeteners (i.e., sweetening agents), such as saccharin and sugar substitutes (i.e., synthetic sweetener blended with other ingredients),--are classified in Subsector 325, Chemical Manufacturing. ##31132 31132 Chocolate and Confectionery Manufacturing from Cacao Beans See industry description for 311320 below. ##311320 311320 Chocolate and Confectionery Manufacturing from Cacao Beans This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in shelling, roasting, and grinding cacao beans and making chocolate cacao products and chocolate confectioneries. Manufacturing, not for immediate consumption, chocolate confectioneries from chocolate made elsewhere--are classified in Industry 311330, Confectionery Manufacturing from Purchased Chocolate; Manufacturing, not for immediate consumption, nonchocolate candies--are classified in Industry 311340, Nonchocolate Confectionery Manufacturing; Preparing and selling confectioneries for immediate consumption--are classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; and Retailing confectioneries not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 445292, Confectionery and Nut Stores. ##31133 31133 Confectionery Manufacturing from Purchased Chocolate See industry description for 311330 below. ##311330 311330 Confectionery Manufacturing from Purchased Chocolate This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chocolate confectioneries from chocolate produced elsewhere. Included in this industry are establishments primarily engaged in retailing chocolate confectionery products not for immediate consumption made on the premises from chocolate made elsewhere. Manufacturing chocolate confectioneries from cacao beans are classified in Industry 311320, Chocolate and Confectionery Manufacturing from Cacao Beans; Manufacturing nonchocolate confectioneries--are classified in Industry 311340, Nonchocolate Confectionery Manufacturing; Retailing confectioneries not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 445292, Confectionery and Nut Stores; and Preparing and selling confectioneries for immediate consumption--are classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars. ##31134 31134 Nonchocolate Confectionery Manufacturing See industry description for 311340 below. ##311340 311340 Nonchocolate Confectionery Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonchocolate confectioneries. Included in this industry are establishments primary engaged in retailing nonchocolate confectionery products not for immediate consumption made on the premises. Manufacturing chocolate confectioneries from cacao beans--are classified in Industry 311320, Chocolate and Confectionery Manufacturing from Cacao Beans; Manufacturing chocolate confectioneries from chocolate made elsewhere--are classified in Industry 311330, Confectionery Manufacturing from Purchased Chocolate; Retailing confectioneries not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 445292, Confectionery and Nut Stores; Preparing and selling confectioneries for immediate consumption--are classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; and Roasting, salting, drying, cooking, or canning nuts and seeds--are classified in U.S. Industry 311911, Roasted Nuts and Peanut Butter Manufacturing. ##3114 3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing This industry group includes (1) establishments that freeze food and (2) those that use preservation processes, such as pickling, canning, and dehydrating. Both types begin their production process with inputs of vegetable or animal origin. ##31141 31141 Frozen Food Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen fruit, frozen juices, frozen vegetables, and frozen specialty foods (except seafood), such as frozen dinners, entrees, and side dishes; frozen pizza; frozen whipped toppings; and frozen waffles, pancakes, and french toast. Manufacturing frozen dairy specialties--are classified in Industry 311520, Ice Cream and Frozen Dessert Manufacturing; Manufacturing frozen bakery products--are classified in Industry 31181, Bread and Bakery Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing frozen seafood products--are classified in Industry 31171, Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging; and Manufacturing frozen meat products--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing. ##311411 m 311411 Frozen Fruit, Juice, and Vegetable Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen fruits; frozen vegetables; and frozen fruit juices, ades, drinks, cocktail mixes and concentrates. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen specialty foods are classified in U.S. Industry 311412, Frozen Specialty Food Manufacturing. ##311412 m 311412 Frozen Specialty Food Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen specialty foods (except seafood), such as frozen dinners, entrees, and side dishes; frozen pizza; frozen whipped topping; and frozen waffles, pancakes, and french toast. Manufacturing frozen dairy specialties--are classified in Industry 311520, Ice Cream and Frozen Dessert Manufacturing; Manufacturing frozen bakery products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311813, Frozen Cakes, Pies, and Other Pastries Manufacturing; Manufacturing frozen fruits, frozen fruit juices, and frozen vegetables--are classified in U.S. Industry 311411, Frozen Fruit, Juice, and Vegetable Manufacturing; Manufacturing frozen meat products--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing; and Manufacturing frozen seafood products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311712, Fresh and Frozen Seafood Processing. ##31142 31142 Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing canned, pickled, and dried fruits, vegetables, and specialty foods. Establishments in this industry may package the dried or dehydrated ingredients they make with other purchased ingredients. Examples of products made by these establishments are canned juices; canned baby foods; canned soups (except seafood); canned dry beans; canned tomato-based sauces, such as catsup, salsa, chili, spaghetti, barbeque, and tomato paste, pickles, relishes, jams and jellies, dried soup mixes and bullions, and sauerkraut. Manufacturing canned dairy products--are classified in Industry 31151, Dairy Product (except Frozen) Manufacturing; Manufacturing canned seafood soups and seafood products--are classified in Industry 31171, Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging; Manufacturing canned meat products--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing; Milling rice and packaging it with other ingredients or manufacturing vegetable flours and meals--are classified in Industry 31121, Flour Milling and Malt Manufacturing; Manufacturing dry pasta and packaging it with other ingredients--are classified in Industry 31182, Cookie, Cracker, and Pasta Manufacturing; Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated potatoes, rice, and pasta and packaging them with other purchased ingredients; mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients for soup mixes and bouillon; and manufacturing canned puddings--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing dry salad dressing and dry sauce mixes--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing Manufacturing; and Manufacturing canned fruit and vegetable drinks, cocktails, and-ades--are classified in Industry 31211, Soft Drink and Ice Manufacturing. ##311421 u 311421 Fruit and Vegetable Canning This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing canned, pickled, and brined fruits and vegetables. Examples of products made in these establishments are canned juices; canned jams and jellies; canned tomato-based sauces, such as catsup, salsa, chili, spaghetti, barbeque, and tomato paste; pickles, relishes, and sauerkraut. Manufacturing canned baby foods, canned soups (except seafood), and canned specialty foods (except seafood)--are classified in U.S. Industry 311422, Specialty Canning; Manufacturing canned seafood soups and canned seafood products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311711, Seafood Canning; Manufacturing canned meat products--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing; and Manufacturing canned fruit and vegetable drinks, cocktails, and-ades--are classified in U.S. Industry 312111, Soft Drink Manufacturing. ##311422 u 311422 Specialty Canning This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing canned specialty foods. Examples of products made in these establishments are canned baby food, canned baked beans, canned soups (except seafood), canned spaghetti, and other canned nationality foods. Manufacturing canned dairy products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311514, Dry, Condensed, and Evaporated Dairy Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing canned fruits, canned vegetables, and canned juices--are classified in U.S. Industry 311421, Fruit and Vegetable Canning; Manufacturing canned seafood soups and canned seafood products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311711, Seafood Canning; Manufacturing canned meat products--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing; and Manufacturing canned puddings--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing. ##311423 u 311423 Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) drying (including freeze-dried) and/or dehydrating fruits, vegetables, and soup mixes and bouillon and/or (2) drying and/or dehydrating ingredients and packaging them with other purchased ingredients, such as rice and dry pasta. Milling rice and packaging it with other ingredients--are classified in U.S. Industry 311212, Rice Milling; Manufacturing dry pasta and packaging it with other ingredients--are classified in U.S. Industry 311823, Dry Pasta Manufacturing; Manufacturing vegetable flours and meals--are classified in U.S. Industry 311211, Flour Milling; Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated potatoes, rice, and dry pasta, and packaging them with other purchased ingredients, and mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients for soup mixes and bouillon--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; and Manufacturing dry salad dressing and dry sauce mixes--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, Spice and Extract Manufacturing. ##3115 3115 Dairy Product Manufacturing This industry group comprises establishments that manufacture dairy products from raw milk, processed milk, and dairy substitutes. ##31151 31151 Dairy Product (except Frozen) Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing dairy products (except frozen) from raw milk and/or processed milk products; (2) manufacturing dairy substitutes (except frozen) from soybeans and other nondairy substances; and (3) manufacturing dry, condensed, concentrated, and evaporated dairy and dairy substitute products. Manufacturing cheese-based salad dressings--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing Manufacturing; Manufacturing margarine or margarine-butter blends--are classified in Industry 31122, Starch and Vegetable Fats and Oils Manufacturing; Manufacturing frozen whipped toppings--are classified in Industry 31141, Frozen Food Manufacturing; and Manufacturing ice cream, frozen yogurt, and other frozen dairy desserts--are classified in Industry 311520, Ice Cream and Frozen Dessert Manufacturing. ##311511 c 311511 Fluid Milk Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing processed milk products, such as pasteurized milk or cream and sour cream and/or (2) manufacturing fluid milk dairy substitutes from soybeans and other nondairy substances. Manufacturing dry mix whipped toppings, canned milk, and ultra high temperature milk-- are classified in U.S. Industry 311514, Dry, Condensed, and Evaporated Dairy Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing frozen whipped toppings--are classified in U.S. Industry 311412, Frozen Specialty Food Manufacturing; and Manufacturing ice cream and frozen yogurt and other frozen desserts--are classified in Industry 311520, Ice Cream and Frozen Dessert Manufacturing. ##311512 u 311512 Creamery Butter Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing creamery butter from milk and/or processed milk products. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing margarine or margarine-butter blends are classified in U.S. Industry 311225, Fats and Oils Refining and Blending. ##311513 u 311513 Cheese Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing cheese products (except cottage cheese) from raw milk and/or processed milk products and/or (2) manufacturing cheese substitutes from soybean and other nondairy substances. Manufacturing cheese-based salad dressings--are classified in U.S. Industry 311941, Mayonnaise, Dressing, and Other Prepared Sauce Manufacturing; and Manufacturing cottage cheese--are classified in U.S. Industry 311511, Fluid Milk Manufacturing. ##311514 u 311514 Dry, Condensed, and Evaporated Dairy Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dry, condensed, and evaporated milk and dairy substitute products. Manufacturing fluid milk products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311511, Fluid Milk Manufacturing; Manufacturing creamery butter--are classified in U.S. Industry 311512, Creamery Butter Manufacturing; and Manufacturing cheese products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311513, Cheese Manufacturing. ##31152 31152 Ice Cream and Frozen Dessert Manufacturing See industry description for 311520 below. ##311520 311520 Ice Cream and Frozen Dessert Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ice cream, frozen yogurts, frozen ices, sherbets, frozen tofu, and other frozen desserts (except bakery products). Manufacturing frozen bakery products are classified in U.S. Industry 311813, Frozen Cakes, Pies, and Other Pastries Manufacturing; and Manufacturing ice cream and ice milk mixes--are classified in U.S. Industry 311514, Dry, Condensed, and Evaporated Dairy Product Manufacturing. ##3116 3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing ##31161 31161 Animal Slaughtering and Processing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) slaughtering animals; (2) preparing processed meats and meat byproducts; and (3) rendering and/or refining animal fat, bones, and meat scraps. This industry includes establishments primarily engaged in assembly cutting and packing of meats (i.e., boxed meats) from purchased carcasses. Manufacturing canned meat for baby food--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying; Manufacturing meat-based animal feeds from carcasses--are classified in Industry 31111, Animal Food Manufacturing; Blending purchased animal fats with vegetable fats--are classified in Industry 31122, Starch and Vegetable Fats and Oils Manufacturing; Manufacturing canned and frozen specialty foods containing meat, such as nationality foods (e.g., enchiladas, pizza, egg rolls) and frozen dinners,--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing; Drying, freezing, or breaking eggs--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; and Cutting meat (except box meat)--are classified in Industry 424470, Meat and Meat Product Merchant Wholesalers. ##311611 c 311611 Animal (except Poultry) Slaughtering This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in slaughtering animals (except poultry and small game). Establishments that slaughter and prepare meats are included in this industry. Processing meat and meat byproducts (except poultry and small game) from purchased meats--are classified in U.S. Industry 311612, Meat Processed from Carcasses; Slaughtering and/or processing poultry and small game--are classified in U.S. Industry 311615, Poultry Processing; Rendering lard and other animal fats and oils, animal fat, bones, and meat scraps--are classified in U.S. Industry 311613, Rendering and Meat Byproduct Processing; and Manufacturing canned and frozen specialty foods containing meat, such as nationality foods (e.g., enchiladas, egg rolls, pizza) and frozen dinners,--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing. ##311612 u 311612 Meat Processed from Carcasses This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in processing or preserving meat and meat byproducts (except poultry and small game) from purchased meats. This industry includes establishments primarily engaged in assembly cutting and packing of meats (i.e., boxed meats) from purchased meats. Slaughtering animals (except poultry and small game)--are classified in U.S. Industry 311611, Animal (except Poultry) Slaughtering; Slaughtering poultry and small game--are classified in U.S. Industry 311615, Poultry Processing; Rendering animal fat, bones, and meat scraps--are classified in U.S. Industry 311613, Rendering and Meat Byproduct Processing; Manufacturing canned meats for baby food--are classified in U.S. Industry 311422, Specialty Canning; Manufacturing meat-based animal feeds from carcasses--are classified in Industry 31111, Animal Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing canned and frozen specialty foods containing meat, such as nationality foods (e.g., enchiladas, egg rolls, pizza) and frozen dinners,--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing; and Cutting meat (except boxed meat)--are classified in U.S. Industry 424470, Meat and Meat Product Merchant Wholesalers. ##311613 u 311613 Rendering and Meat Byproduct Processing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in rendering animal fat, bones, and meat scraps. Establishments primarily engaged in blending purchased animal fats with vegetable fats are classified in U.S. Industry 311225, Fats and Oils Refining and Blending. ##311615 c 311615 Poultry Processing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) slaughtering poultry and small game and/or (2) preparing processed poultry and small game meat and meat byproducts. Slaughtering animals (except poultry and small game) and/or preparing meats--are classified in U.S. Industry 311611, Animal (except Poultry) Slaughtering; Preparing meat and meat byproducts (except poultry and small game) from purchased meats--are classified in U.S. Industry 311612, Meat Processed from Carcasses; Rendering animal fat, bones, and meat scraps--are classified in U.S. Industry 311613, Rendering and Meat Byproduct Processing; Canning poultry and small game for baby food--are classified in U.S. Industry 311422, Specialty Canning; Producing meat-based animal feeds from carcasses--are classified in Industry 31111, Animal Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing canned and frozen meat products, such as nationality foods (e.g., enchiladas, egg rolls, pizza) and frozen dinners,--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing; and Drying, freezing, and breaking eggs--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing. ##3117 3117 Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging ##31171 31171 Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) canning seafood (including soup); (2) smoking, salting, and drying seafood; (3) eviscerating fresh fish by removing heads, fins, scales, bones, and entrails; (4) shucking and packing fresh shellfish; (5) processing marine fats and oils; and (6) freezing seafood. Establishments known as "floating factory ships" that are engaged in the gathering and processing of seafood into canned seafood products are included in this industry. ##311711 u 311711 Seafood Canning This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) canning seafood (including soup) and marine fats and oils and/or (2) smoking, salting, and drying seafood. Establishments known as "floating factory ships" that are engaged in the gathering and processing of seafood into canned seafood products are included in this industry. Establishments primarily engaged in preparing fresh and frozen seafood and marine fats and oils are classified in U.S. Industry 311712, Fresh and Frozen Seafood Processing. ##311712 u 311712 Fresh and Frozen Seafood Processing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) eviscerating fresh fish by removing heads, fins, scales, bones, and entrails; (2) shucking and packing fresh shellfish; (3) manufacturing frozen seafood; and (4) processing fresh and frozen marine fats and oils. Establishments primarily engaged in canning and curing seafood are classified in U.S. Industry 311711, Seafood Canning. ##3118 3118 Bakeries and Tortilla Manufacturing ##31181 31181 Bread and Bakery Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fresh and frozen bread and other bakery products. Manufacturing cookies and crackers--are classified in Industry 31182, Cookie, Cracker, and Pasta Manufacturing; Preparing and selling bakery products (e.g., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption--are classified in Industry 72221, Limited-Service Eating Places; Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in Industry 44529, Other Specialty Food Stores; and Manufacturing pretzels (except soft)--are classified in Industry 31191, Snack Food Manufacturing. ##311811 c 311811 Retail Bakeries This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retailing bread and other bakery products not for immediate consumption made on the premises from flour, not from prepared dough. Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 445291, Baked Goods Stores; Preparing and selling bakery products (e.g., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption--are classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; Manufacturing fresh or frozen breads and other fresh bakery (except cookies and crackers) products--are classified in U.S. Industry 311812, Commercial Bakeries; and Manufacturing cookies and crackers--are classified in U.S. Industry 311821, Cookie and Cracker Manufacturing. ##311812 u 311812 Commercial Bakeries This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fresh and frozen bread and bread-type rolls and other fresh bakery (except cookies and crackers) products. Retailing bread and other bakery products not for immediate consumption made on the premises from flour, not from prepared dough--are classified in U.S. Industry 311811, Retail Bakeries; Manufacturing frozen bakery products (except bread)--are classified in U.S. Industry 311813, Frozen Cakes, Pies, and Other Pastries Manufacturing; Preparing and selling bakery products (e.g., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption--are classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 445291, Baked Goods Stores; Manufacturing cookies and crackers--are classified in U.S. Industry 311821, Cookie and Cracker Manufacturing; and Manufacturing pretzels (except soft)--are classified in U.S. Industry 311919, Other Snack Food Manufacturing. ##311813 u 311813 Frozen Cakes, Pies, and Other Pastries Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing frozen bakery products (except bread), such as cakes, pies, and doughnuts. Manufacturing frozen breads--are classified in U.S. Industry 311812, Commercial Bakeries; Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made on the premises from flour, not from prepared dough--are classified in U.S. Industry 311811, Retail Bakeries; Preparing and selling bakery products (e.g., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption--are classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; Manufacturing cookies and crackers--are classified in U.S. Industry 311821, Cookie and Cracker Manufacturing; and Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 445291, Baked Goods Stores. ##31182 31182 Cookie, Cracker, and Pasta Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) manufacturing cookies and crackers; (2) preparing flour and dough mixes and dough from flour ground elsewhere; and (3) manufacturing dry pasta. The establishments in this industry may package the dry pasta they manufacture with other ingredients. Preparing and selling bakery products (eg., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption--are classified in Industry 72221, Limited-Service Eating Places; Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in Industry 44529, Other Specialty Food Stores; Manufacturing bakery products (e.g., bread, cookies, pies)--are classified in Industry 31181, Bread and Bakery Product Manufacturing; Milling flour and preparing flour mixes or doughs--are classified in Industry 31121, Flour Milling and Malt Manufacturing; Manufacturing canned pasta specialties--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying; Manufacturing fresh pasta--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing pretzels (except soft)--are classified in Industry 31191, Snack Food Manufacturing; Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients with purchased dry pasta--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; and Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients and packaging them with purchased dry pasta--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying. ##311821 c 311821 Cookie and Cracker Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cookies, crackers, and other products, such as ice cream cones. Preparing and selling bakery products (e.g., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption--are classified in U.S. Industry 722213, Snack and Nonalcoholic Beverage Bars; Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 445291, Baked Goods Stores; Manufacturing bakery products (e.g., breads, cookies, pies)--are classified in Industry 31181, Bread and Bakery Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing pretzels (except soft) are classified in U.S. Industry 311919, Other Snack Food Manufacturing. ##311822 c 311822 Flour Mixes and Dough Manufacturing from Purchased Flour This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing prepared flour mixes or dough mixes from flour ground elsewhere. Establishments primarily engaged in milling flour and preparing flour mixes or doughs are classified in U.S. Industry 311211, Flour Milling. ##311823 c 311823 Dry Pasta Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dry pasta. The establishments in this industry may package the dry pasta they manufacture with other ingredients. Manufacturing fresh pasta--are classified in U.S. Industry 311991, Perishable Prepared Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing pasta specialties--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing; Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients with purchased dry pasta--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; and Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients packaged with purchased dry pasta--are classified in U.S. Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing. ##31183 31183 Tortilla Manufacturing See industry description for 311830 below. ##311830 311830 Tortilla Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing tortillas. Manufacturing canned nationality foods using tortillas--are classified in U.S. Industry 311422, Specialty Canning; Manufacturing frozen nationality foods using tortillas--are classified in U.S. Industry 311412, Frozen Specialty Food Manufacturing; and Manufacturing tortilla chips--are classified in U.S. Industry 311919, Other Snack Food Manufacturing. ##3119 3119 Other Food Manufacturing This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing food (except animal food; grain and oilseed milling; sugar and confectionery products; preserved fruit, vegetable, and specialty foods; dairy products; meat products; seafood products; and bakeries and tortillas). The industry group includes industries with different productive processes, such as snack food manufacturing; coffee and tea manufacturing; concentrate, syrup, condiment, and spice manufacturing; and, in general, an entire range of other miscellaneous food product manufacturing. ##31191 31191 Snack Food Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) salting, roasting, drying, cooking, or canning nuts; (2) processing grains or seeds into snacks; (3) manufacturing peanut butter; and (4) manufacturing potato chips, corn chips, popped popcorn, pretzels (except soft), pork rinds, and similar snacks. Manufacturing crackers--are classified in Industry 31182, Cookie, Cracker, and Pasta Manufacturing; Manufacturing unpopped popcorn--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing chocolate or candy-coated nuts and candy-covered popcorn--are classified in Industry Group 3113, Sugar and Confectionery Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing soft pretzels--are classified in Industry 31181, Bread and Bakery Product Manufacturing. ##311911 c 311911 Roasted Nuts and Peanut Butter Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) salting, roasting, drying, cooking, or canning nuts; (2) processing grains or seeds into snacks; and (3) manufacturing peanut butter. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chocolate or candy-coated nuts and candy-covered popcorn are classified in Industry Group 3113, Sugar and Confectionery Product Manufacturing. ##311919 c 311919 Other Snack Food Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing snack foods (except roasted nuts and peanut butter). Manufacturing cookies and crackers--are classified in U.S. Industry 311821, Cookie and Cracker Manufacturing; Manufacturing candy covered popcorn and nonchocolate granola bars--are classified in Industry 311340, Nonchocolate Confectionery Manufacturing; Salting, roasting, drying, cooking, or canning nuts and seeds--are classified in U.S. Industry 311911, Roasted Nuts and Peanut Butter Manufacturing; Manufacturing unpopped popcorn--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; and Manufacturing soft pretzels--are classified in U.S. Industry 311812, Commercial Bakeries. ##31192 31192 Coffee and Tea Manufacturing See industry description for 311920 below. ##311920 c 311920 Coffee and Tea Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) roasting coffee; (2) manufacturing coffee and tea concentrates (including instant and freeze-dried); (3) blending tea; (4) manufacturing herbal tea; and (5) manufacturing coffee extracts, flavorings, and syrups. Establishments primarily engaged in bottling and canning iced tea are classified in U.S. Industry 312111, Soft Drink Manufacturing. ##31193 31193 Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing See industry description for 311930 below. ##311930 311930 Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing flavoring syrup drink concentrates and related products for soda fountain use or for the manufacture of soft drinks. Manufacturing chocolate syrup--are classified in Industry 311320, Chocolate and Confectionery Manufacturing from Cacao Beans; Manufacturing flavoring extracts (except coffee and meat) and natural food colorings--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, Spice and Extract Manufacturing; Manufacturing coffee extracts--are classified in Industry 311920, Coffee and Tea Manufacturing; Manufacturing meat extracts--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing; Manufacturing powdered drink mixes (except coffee, tea, chocolate, or milk-based) and table syrup from corn syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; Reducing maple sap to maple syrup--are classified in U.S. Industry 111998, All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming; and Manufacturing natural nonfood colorings--are classified in U.S. Industry 325199, All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. ##31194 31194 Seasoning and Dressing Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing dressings and sauces, such as mayonnaise, salad dressing, vinegar, mustard, horseradish, soy sauce, tarter sauce, Worcestershire sauce, and other prepared sauces (except tomato-based and gravies); (2) manufacturing spices, table salt, seasoning, and flavoring extracts (except coffee and meat), and natural food colorings; and (3) manufacturing dry mix food preparations, such as salad dressing mixes, gravy and sauce mixes, frosting mixes, and other dry mix preparations. Manufacturing catsup and other tomato-based sauces--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying; Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated potato, rice, and pasta and packaging them with other purchased ingredients, and manufacturing prepared frosting--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients for dry soup mixes and bouillon--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying; Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients for dry soup mixes and bouillon--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing industrial salts--are classified in Industry 32599, Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; Manufacturing flavoring syrups (except coffee)--are classified in Industry 311930, Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing; Manufacturing synthetic food colorings--are classified in Industry 32513, Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Manufacturing natural organic colorings for nonfood uses--are classified in Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing coffee extracts--are classified in Industry 311920, Coffee and Tea Manufacturing; Manufacturing meat extracts--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing; and Manufacturing gravies--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Food Manufacturing. ##311941 u 311941 Mayonnaise, Dressing, and Other Prepared Sauce Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing mayonnaise, salad dressing, vinegar, mustard, horseradish, soy sauce, tarter sauce, Worcestershire sauce, and other prepared sauces (except tomato-based and gravy). Manufacturing catsup and similar tomato-based sauces--are classified in U.S. Industry 311421, Fruit and Vegetable Canning; Manufacturing dry salad dressing and dry sauce mixes--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, Spice and Extract Manufacturing; and Manufacturing gravies--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing. ##311942 u 311942 Spice and Extract Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing spices, table salt, seasonings, flavoring extracts (except coffee and meat), and natural food colorings and/or (2) manufacturing dry mix food preparations, such as salad dressing mixes, gravy and sauce mixes, frosting mixes, and other dry mix preparations. Manufacturing catsup and other tomato-based sauces--are classified in U.S. Industry 311421, Fruit and Vegetable Canning; Manufacturing mayonnaise, dressings, and prepared nontomato-based sauces--are classified in U.S. Industry 311941, Mayonnaise, Dressing, and Other Prepared Sauce Manufacturing; Manufacturing industrial salts--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients for dry soup mixes and bouillon--are classified in U.S. Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing; Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients for dry soup mixes and bouillon--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing flavoring syrups (except coffee-based syrups)--are classified in Industry 311930, Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing; Manufacturing dried and dehydrated potato, rice, or dry pasta packaged with other ingredients, and prepared frostings--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing coffee extracts and/or coffee-based syrups--are classified in Industry 311920, Coffee and Tea Manufacturing; Manufacturing meat extracts--are classified in Industry 31161, Animal Slaughtering and Processing; Manufacturing synthetic food colorings--are classified in U.S. Industry 325132, Synthetic Organic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; and Manufacturing natural organic colorings for nonfood uses--are classified in U.S. Industry 325199, All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. ##31199 31199 All Other Food Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing food (except animal food; grain and oilseed milling; sugar and confectionery products; preserved fruits, vegetables, and specialties; dairy products; meat products; seafood products; bakeries and tortillas; snack foods; coffee and tea; flavoring syrups and concentrates; seasonings; and dressings). Included in this industry are establishments primarily engaged in mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients including those mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients for soup mixes and bouillon. Manufacturing animal foods--are classified in Industry Group 3111, Animal Food Manufacturing; Milling grain and oilseed--are classified in Industry Group 3112, Grain and Oilseed Milling; Manufacturing sugar and confectionery products--are classified in Industry Group 3113, Sugar and Confectionery Product Manufacturing; Preserving fruit, vegetables, and specialty foods--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing dairy products--are classified in Industry Group 3115, Dairy Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing meat products--are classified in Industry Group 3116, Animal Slaughtering and Processing; Manufacturing seafood products--are classified in Industry Group 3117, Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging; Manufacturing bakery and tortilla products--are classified in Industry Group 3118, Bakeries and Tortilla Manufacturing; Manufacturing snack foods--are classified in Industry 31191, Snack Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing coffee and tea--are classified in Industry 311920, Coffee and Tea Manufacturing; Manufacturing flavoring syrups and concentrates--are classified in Industry 311930, Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing; Manufacturing seasonings and dressings--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing Manufacturing; Milling rice and packaging it with other ingredients--are classified in Industry 31121, Flour Milling and Malt Manufacturing; Manufacturing dry pasta and packaging it with other ingredients--are classified in Industry 31182, Cookie, Cracker, and Pasta Manufacturing; and Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients and packaging them with other purchased ingredients--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying. ##311991 u 311991 Perishable Prepared Food Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing perishable prepared foods, such as salads, sandwiches, prepared meals, fresh pizza, fresh pasta, and peeled or cut vegetables. ##311999 u 311999 All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing food (except animal food; grain and oilseed milling; sugar and confectionery products; preserved fruits, vegetables, and specialties; dairy products; meat products; seafood products; bakeries and tortillas; snack foods; coffee and tea; flavoring syrups and concentrates; seasonings and dressings; and perishable prepared food). Included in this industry are establishments primarily engaged in mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients including those mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients for soup mixes and bouillon. Manufacturing animal foods--are classified in Industry Group 3111, Animal Food Manufacturing; Milling grain and oilseed--are classified in Industry Group 3112, Grain and Oilseed Milling; Manufacturing sugar and confectionery products--are classified in Industry Group 3113, Sugar and Confectionery Product Manufacturing; Preserving fruit, vegetable, and specialty foods--are classified in Industry Group 3114, Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing dairy products--are classified in Industry Group 3115, Dairy Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing meat products--are classified in Industry Group 3116, Meat Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing seafood products--are classified in Industry Group 3117, Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging; Manufacturing bakery and tortilla products--are classified in Industry Group 3118, Bakeries and Tortilla Manufacturing; Manufacturing snack foods--are classified in Industry 31191, Snack Food Manufacturing; Manufacturing coffee and tea--are classified in Industry 311920, Coffee and Tea Manufacturing; Manufacturing flavoring syrups and concentrates--are classified in Industry 311930, Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing; Manufacturing seasonings and dressings--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing Manufacturing; Manufacturing perishable prepared foods--are classified in U.S. Industry 311991, Perishable Prepared Food Manufacturing; Milling rice and packaging it with other ingredients--are classified in U.S. Industry 311212, Rice Milling; Manufacturing dry pasta and packaging it with ingredients--are classified in U.S. Industry 311823, Dry Pasta Manufacturing; and Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients and packaging them with other purchased ingredients--are classified in U.S. Industry 311423, Dried and Dehydrated Food Manufacturing. ##312 312 Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing Industries in the Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing subsector manufacture beverages and tobacco products. The industry group, Beverage Manufacturing, includes three types of establishments: (1) those that manufacture nonalcoholic beverages; (2) those that manufacture alcoholic beverages through the fermentation process; and (3) those that produce distilled alcoholic beverages. Ice manufacturing, while not a beverage, is included with nonalcoholic beverage manufacturing because it uses the same production process as water purification. In the case of activities related to the manufacture of beverages, the structure follows the defined productive processes. Brandy, a distilled beverage, was not placed under distillery product manufacturing, but rather under the NAICS class for winery product manufacturing since the productive process used in the manufacturing of alcoholic grape-based beverages produces both wines (fermented beverage) and brandies (distilled beverage). The industry group, Tobacco Manufacturing, includes two types of establishments: (1) those engaged in redrying and stemming tobacco and, (2) those that manufacture tobacco products, such as cigarettes and cigars. ##3121 3121 Beverage Manufacturing ##31211 31211 Soft Drink and Ice Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing soft drinks; (2) manufacturing ice; and (3) purifying and bottling water. Canning fruit and vegetable juices--are classified in Industry 31142, Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling and Drying; Manufacturing soft drink bases--are classified in Industry 311930, Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing; Manufacturing nonalcoholic cider--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing Manufacturing; Manufacturing dry ice--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Manufacturing milk-based drinks--are classified in Industry 31151, Dairy Product (except Frozen) Manufacturing; Manufacturing nonalcoholic beers--are classified in Industry 312120, Breweries; Manufacturing nonalcoholic wines--are classified in Industry 312130, Wineries; and Bottling purchased purified water--are classified in Industry 424490, Other Grocery and Related Products Merchant Wholesalers. ##312111 m 312111 Soft Drink Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing soft drinks and artificially carbonated waters. Canning fruit and vegetable juices--are classified in U.S. Industry 311421, Fruit and Vegetable Canning; Manufacturing fruit syrups for flavoring--are classified in Industry 311930, Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing; Manufacturing nonalcoholic cider--are classified in U.S. Industry 311941, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; Purifying and bottling water (except artificially carbonated and flavored water)--are classified in U.S. Industry 312112, Bottled Water Manufacturing; Manufacturing milk-based drinks--are classified in U.S. Industry 311511, Fluid Milk Manufacturing; Manufacturing nonalcoholic beers--are classified in Industry 312120, Breweries; and Manufacturing nonalcoholic wines--are classified in Industry 312130, Wineries. ##312112 m 312112 Bottled Water Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in purifying and bottling water (including naturally carbonated). Manufacturing artificially carbonated waters--are classified in U.S. Industry 312111, Soft Drink Manufacturing; and Bottling purchased purified water-- are classified in Industry 424490, Other Grocery and Related Products Merchant Wholesalers. ##312113 m 312113 Ice Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ice. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dry ice are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas Manufacturing. ##31212 31212 Breweries See industry description for 312120 below. ##312120 312120 Breweries This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in brewing beer, ale, malt liquors, and nonalcoholic beer. Bottling purchased malt beverages--are classified in Industry 424810, Beer and Ale Merchant Wholesalers; and Manufacturing malt--are classified in U.S. Industry 311213, Malt Manufacturing. ##31213 31213 Wineries See industry description for 312130 below. ##312130 c 312130 Wineries This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) growing grapes and manufacturing wine and brandies; (2) manufacturing wine and brandies from grapes and other fruits grown elsewhere; and (3) blending wines and brandies. Establishments primarily engaged in bottling purchased wines are classified in Industry 424820, Wine and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Merchant Wholesalers. ##31214 31214 Distilleries See industry description for 312140 below. ##312140 c 312140 Distilleries This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) distilling potable liquors (except brandies); (2) distilling and blending liquors; and (3) blending and mixing liquors and other ingredients. Manufacturing nonpotable ethyl alcohol--are classified in U.S. Industry 325193, Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Bottling liquors made elsewhere--are classified in Industry 424820, Wine and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Merchant Wholesalers; and Manufacturing brandies--are classified in Industry 312130, Wineries. ##3122 3122 Tobacco Manufacturing ##31221 31221 Tobacco Stemming and Redrying See industry description for 312210 below. ##312210 312210 Tobacco Stemming and Redrying This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the stemming and redrying of tobacco. Reconstituting tobacco--are classified in U.S. Industry 312229, Other Tobacco Product Manufacturing; Selling leaf tobacco as merchant wholesalers that also engage in stemming tobacco--are classified in Industry 424940, Tobacco and Tobacco Product Merchant Wholesalers; and Selling leaf tobacco as agents or brokers that also engage in stemming tobacco--are classified in Industry 425120, Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers. ##31222 31222 Tobacco Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cigarettes, cigars, smoking and chewing tobacco, and reconstituted tobacco. Establishments primarily engaged in stemming and redrying tobacco are classified in Industry 312210, Tobacco Stemming and Redrying. ##312221 m 312221 Cigarette Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cigarettes. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cigars, smoking tobacco, chewing tobacco, and reconstituted tobacco are classified in U.S. Industry 312229, Other Tobacco Product Manufacturing. ##312229 u 312229 Other Tobacco Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing tobacco products (except cigarettes). Manufacturing cigarettes--are classified in U.S. Industry 312221, Cigarette Manufacturing; and Stemming and redrying tobacco--are classified in Industry 312210, Tobacco Stemming and Redrying. ##313 313 Textile Mills Industries in the Textile Mills subsector group establishments that transform a basic fiber (natural or synthetic) into a product, such as yarn or fabric, that is further manufactured into usable items, such as apparel, sheets towels, and textile bags for individual or industrial consumption. The further manufacturing may be performed in the same establishment and classified in this subsector, or it may be performed at a separate establishment and be classified elsewhere in manufacturing. The main processes in this subsector include preparation and spinning of fiber, knitting or weaving of fabric, and the finishing of the textile. The NAICS structure follows and captures this process flow. Major industries in this flow, such as preparation of fibers, weaving of fabric, knitting of fabric, and fiber and fabric finishing, are uniquely identified. Texturizing, throwing, twisting, and winding of yarn contains aspects of both fiber preparation and fiber finishing and is classified with preparation of fibers rather than with finishing of fiber. NAICS separates the manufacturing of primary textiles and the manufacturing of textile products (except apparel) when the textile product is produced from purchased primary textiles, such as fabric. The manufacturing of textile products (except apparel) from purchased fabric is classified in Subsector 314, Textile Product Mills, and apparel from purchased fabric is classified in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing. Excluded from this subsector are establishments that weave or knit fabric and make garments. These establishments are included in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing. ##3131 3131 Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills ##31311 31311 Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) spinning yarn; (2) manufacturing thread of any fiber; (3) texturizing, throwing, twisting, and winding purchased yarn or manmade fiber filaments; and (4) producing hemp yarn and further processing into rope or bags. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing artificial and synthetic fibers and filaments and texturizing these filaments are classified in Industry 32522, Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing. ##313111 u 313111 Yarn Spinning Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in spinning yarn from any fiber and/or producing hemp yarn and further processing into rope or bags. ##313112 u 313112 Yarn Texturizing, Throwing, and Twisting Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in texturizing, throwing, twisting, spooling, or winding purchased yarns or manmade fiber filaments. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing artificial and synthetic fiber and filament and texturizing these fibers and filaments are classified in Industry 32522, Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing. ##313113 m 313113 Thread Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing thread (e.g., sewing, hand-knitting, crochet) of all fibers. ##3132 3132 Fabric Mills ##31321 31321 Broadwoven Fabric Mills See industry description for 313210 below. ##313210 313210 Broadwoven Fabric Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in weaving broadwoven fabrics and felts (except tire fabrics and rugs). Establishments in this industry may weave only, weave and finish, or weave, finish, and further fabricate fabric products. Weaving widths specifically constructed for cutting to narrow widths--are classified in U.S. Industry 313221, Narrow Fabric Mills; Weaving or tufting carpet and rugs--are classified in Industry 314110, Carpet and Rug Mills; and Making tire cord and tire fabrics--are classified in U.S. Industry 314992, Tire Cord and Tire Fabric Mills. ##31322 31322 Narrow Fabric Mills and Schiffli Machine Embroidery This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) weaving or braiding narrow fabrics; (2) manufacturing Schiffli machine embroideries; and (3) making fabric-covered elastic yarn and thread. ##313221 u 313221 Narrow Fabric Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) weaving or braiding narrow fabrics in their final form or initially made in wider widths that are specially constructed for narrower widths and/or (2) making fabric-covered elastic yarn and thread. Establishments in this industry may weave only; weave and finish; or weave, finish, and further fabricate fabric products. ##313222 u 313222 Schiffli Machine Embroidery This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing Schiffli machine embroideries. ##31323 31323 Nonwoven Fabric Mills See industry description for 313230 below. ##313230 313230 Nonwoven Fabric Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonwoven fabrics and felts. Processes used include bonding and/or interlocking fibers by mechanical, chemical, thermal, or solvent means, or by combinations thereof. ##31324 31324 Knit Fabric Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) knitting weft (i.e., circular) and warp (i.e., flat) fabric; (2) knitting and finishing weft and warp fabric; (3) manufacturing lace; or (4) manufacturing, dyeing, and finishing lace and lace goods. Establishments in this industry may knit only; knit and finish; or knit, finish, and further fabricate fabric products (except apparel). Establishments primarily engaged in knitting apparel are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills. ##313241 u 313241 Weft Knit Fabric Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in knitting weft (i.e., circular) fabric or knitting and finishing weft fabric. Establishments in this industry may knit only; knit and finish; or knit, finish, and further fabricate fabric products (except apparel). Establishments primarily engaged in knitting apparel are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills. ##313249 u 313249 Other Knit Fabric and Lace Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) knitting warp (i.e., flat) fabric; (2) knitting and finishing warp fabric; (3) manufacturing lace; or (4) manufacturing, dyeing, or finishing lace and lace goods. Establishments in this industry may knit only; knit and finish; or knit, finish, and further fabricate fabric products (except apparel). Establishments primarily engaged in knitting apparel are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills. ##3133 3133 Textile and Fabric Finishing and Fabric Coating Mills ##31331 31331 Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills This industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in finishing of textiles, fabrics, and apparel, and (2) establishments of converters who buy fabric goods in the grey, have them finished on contract, and sell at wholesale. Finishing operations include: bleaching, dyeing, printing (e.g., roller, screen, flock, plisse), stonewashing, and other mechanical finishing, such as preshrinking, shrinking, sponging, calendering, mercerizing, and napping; as well as cleaning, scouring, and the preparation of natural fibers and raw stock. Coating or impregnating fabrics--are classified in Industry 313320, Fabric Coating Mills; Knitting or knitting and finishing fabric--are classified in Industry 31324, Knit Fabric Mills; Manufacturing and finishing apparel--are classified in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing; Weaving and finishing fabrics--are classified in Industry Group 3132, Fabric Mills; Manufacturing and finishing rugs and carpets--are classified in Industry 314110, Carpet and Rug Mills; and Printing on apparel--are classified in Industry 323110, Printing. ##313311 u 313311 Broadwoven Fabric Finishing Mills This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in finishing broadwoven fabrics, and (2) establishments of converters who buy broadwoven fabrics in the grey, have them finished on contract, and sell at wholesale. Finishing operations include bleaching, dyeing, printing (roller, screen, flock, plisse), and other mechanical finishing, such as preshrinking, shrinking, sponging, calendering, mercerizing and napping. Coating or impregnating fabrics--are classified in Industry 313320, Fabric Coating Mills; and Weaving and finishing broadwoven fabrics--are classified in Industry 313210, Broadwoven Fabric Mills. ##313312 u 313312 Textile and Fabric Finishing (except Broadwoven Fabric) Mills This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in dyeing, bleaching, printing, and other finishing of textiles, apparel, and fabrics (except broadwoven) and (2) establishments of converters who buy fabrics (except broadwoven) in the grey, have them finished on contract, and sell at wholesale. Finishing operations include bleaching, dyeing, printing (e.g., roller, screen, flock, plisse), stonewashing, and other mechanical finishing, such as preshrinking, shrinking, sponging, calendering, mercerizing and napping; as well as cleaning, scouring, and the preparation of natural fibers and raw stock. Knitting and finishing fabric--are classified in Industry 31324, Knit Fabric Mills; Finishing broadwoven fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 313311, Broadwoven Fabric Finishing Mills; Weaving and finishing narrow woven fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 313221, Narrow Fabric Mills; Manufacturing and finishing apparel--are classified in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing; Coating or impregnating fabrics--are classified in Industry 313320, Fabric Coating Mills; and Printing on apparel--are classified in Industry 323110, Printing. ##31332 31332 Fabric Coating Mills See industry description for 313320 below. ##313320 313320 Fabric Coating Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in coating, laminating, varnishing, waxing, and rubberizing textiles and apparel. Establishments primarily engaged in dyeing and finishing textiles are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills. ##314 314 Textile Product Mills Industries in the Textile Product Mills subsector group establishments that make textile products (except apparel). With a few exceptions, processes used in these industries are generally cut and sew (i.e., purchasing fabric and cutting and sewing to make nonapparel textile products, such as sheets and towels). ##3141 3141 Textile Furnishings Mills ##31411 31411 Carpet and Rug Mills See industry description for 314110 below. ##314110 314110 Carpet and Rug Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing woven, tufted, and other carpets and rugs, such as art squares, floor mattings, needlepunch carpeting, and door mats and mattings, from textile materials or from twisted paper, grasses, reeds, sisal, jute, or rags and/or (2) finishing carpets and rugs. ##31412 31412 Curtain and Linen Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing household textile products, such as curtains, draperies, linens, bedspreads, sheets, tablecloths, towels, and shower curtains, from purchased materials. Weaving broadwoven fabrics--are classified in Industry 313210, Broadwoven Fabric Mills; Manufacturing lace curtains on lace machines--are classified in Industry 31324, Knit Fabric Mills; Manufacturing textile blanket, wardrobe, and laundry bags--are classified in Industry 31491, Textile Bag and Canvas Mills; and Manufacturing mops--are classified in Industry 33999, All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing. ##314121 u 314121 Curtain and Drapery Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing window curtains and draperies from purchased fabrics or sheet goods. The curtains and draperies may be made on a stock or custom basis for sale to individual retail customers. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing lace curtains on lace machines are classified in U.S. Industry 313249, Other Knit Fabric and Lace Mills. ##314129 u 314129 Other Household Textile Product Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing household textile products (except window curtains and draperies), such as bedspreads, sheets, tablecloths, towels, and shower curtains, from purchased materials. Weaving fabrics--are classified in Industry 313210, Broadwoven Fabric Mills; Manufacturing blanket, laundry, and wardrobe bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 314911, Textile Bag Mills; Manufacturing mops--are classified in U.S. Industry 339994, Broom, Brush, and Mop Manufacturing; and Manufacturing window curtains and draperies--are classified in U.S. Industry 314121, Curtain and Drapery Mills. ##3149 3149 Other Textile Product Mills This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in making textile products, (except carpets and rugs, curtains and draperies, and other household textile products) from purchased materials. ##31491 31491 Textile Bag and Canvas Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing textile bags, awnings, tents, and related products from purchased textile fabrics. Manufacturing plastic bags--are classified in Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing; Manufacturing canvas blinds and shades--are classified in Industry 337920, Blind and Shade Manufacturing; Manufacturing luggage--are classified in Industry 31699, Other Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing women's handbags and purses of leather or other material (except precious metal)--are classified in Industry 31699, Other Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing. ##314911 u 314911 Textile Bag Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing bags from purchased textile fabrics or yarns. Manufacturing plastics bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 326111, Plastics Bag Manufacturing; Manufacturing luggage--are classified in U.S. Industry 316991, Luggage Manufacturing; and Manufacturing women's handbags and purses of leather or other material, except precious metal--are classified in U.S. Industry 316992, Women's Handbag and Purse Manufacturing. ##314912 u 314912 Canvas and Related Product Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing canvas and canvas-like products, such as awnings, sails, tarpaulins, and tents, from purchased fabrics. Manufacturing canvas blinds and shades--are classified in Industry 337920, Blind and Shade Manufacturing; and Manufacturing canvas bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 314911, Textile Bag Mills. ##31499 31499 All Other Textile Product Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonapparel textile products (except carpet, rugs, curtains, linens, bags, and canvas products) from purchased materials. Manufacturing yarns and thread--are classified in Industry 31311, Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills; Manufacturing carpets and rugs--are classified in Industry 314110, Carpet and Rug Mills; Manufacturing apparel--are classified in Subsector 315, Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing curtains and linens--are classified in Industry 31412, Curtain and Linen Mills; and Manufacturing textile bags and canvas products--are classified in Industry 31491, Textile Bag and Canvas Mills. ##314991 u 314991 Rope, Cordage, and Twine Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rope, cable, cordage, twine, and related products from all materials (e.g., abaca, sisal, henequen, hemp, cotton, paper, jute, flax, manmade fibers including glass). Establishments primarily engaged in spinning yarns and filaments are classified in U.S. Industry 313111, Yarn Spinning Mills. ##314992 u 314992 Tire Cord and Tire Fabric Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cord and fabric of polyester, rayon, cotton, glass, steel, or other materials for use in reinforcing rubber tires, industrial belting, and similar uses. ##314999 u 314999 All Other Miscellaneous Textile Product Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing textile products (except carpets and rugs; curtains and linens; textile bags and canvas products; rope, cordage, and twine; and tire cords and tire fabrics) from purchased materials. Manufacturing yarns and thread--are classified in Industry 31311, Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills; Manufacturing carpets and rugs--are classified in Industry 314110, Carpet and Rug Mills; Manufacturing curtains and linens--are classified in Industry 31412, Curtain and Linen Mills; Manufacturing textile bags and canvas products--are classified in Industry 31491, Textile Bag and Canvas Mills; Manufacturing rope, cordage, and twine--are classified in U.S. Industry 314991, Rope, Cordage, and Twine Mills; and Manufacturing tire cords and tire fabrics--are classified in U.S. Industry 314992, Tire Cord and Tire Fabric Mills. ##315 315 Apparel Manufacturing Industries in the Apparel Manufacturing subsector group establishments with two distinct manufacturing processes: (1) cut and sew (i.e., purchasing fabric and cutting and sewing to make a garment), and (2) the manufacture of garments in establishments that first knit fabric and then cut and sew the fabric into a garment. The Apparel Manufacturing subsector includes a diverse range of establishments manufacturing full lines of ready-to-wear apparel and custom apparel: apparel contractors, performing cutting or sewing operations on materials owned by others; jobbers performing entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture; and tailors, manufacturing custom garments for individual clients are all included. Knitting, when done alone, is classified in the Textile Mills subsector, but when knitting is combined with the production of complete garments, the activity is classified in Apparel Manufacturing. ##3151 3151 Apparel Knitting Mills This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in knitting apparel or knitting fabric and then manufacturing apparel. This industry group includes jobbers performing entrepreneurial functions involved in knitting apparel and accessories. Knitting fabric, without manufacturing apparel, is classified in Subsector 313, Textile Mills. ##31511 31511 Hosiery and Sock Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in knitting or knitting and finishing hosiery and socks. Manufacturing orthopedic hosiery--are classified in Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing; Manufacturing slipper socks from purchased socks--are classified in Industry 31621, Footwear Manufacturing; and Finishing apparel products only--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills. ##315111 u 315111 Sheer Hosiery Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in knitting or knitting and finishing women's, misses', and girls' full-length and knee-length sheer hosiery (except socks). Knitting or knitting and finishing socks--are classified in U.S. Industry 315119, Other Hosiery and Sock Mills; Finishing apparel products only--are classified in U.S. Industry 313312, Textile and Fabric Finishing (except Broadwoven Fabric) Mills; and Manufacturing orthopedic hosiery--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing. ##315119 u 315119 Other Hosiery and Sock Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in knitting or knitting and finishing hosiery (except women's, misses', and girls' sheer hosiery). Knitting or knitting and finishing women's, misses', and girls' full-length and knee-length sheer hosiery--are classified in U.S. Industry 315111, Sheer Hosiery Mills; Manufacturing orthopedic hosiery--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; Finishing apparel products only--are classified in U.S. Industry 313312, Textile and Fabric Finishing (except Broadwoven Fabric) Mills; and Manufacturing slipper socks from purchased socks--are classified in U.S. Industry 316212, House Slipper Manufacturing. ##31519 31519 Other Apparel Knitting Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) knitting underwear, outerwear, and/or nightwear; (2) knitting fabric and manufacturing underwear, outerwear, and/or nightwear; or (3) knitting, manufacturing, and finishing knit underwear, outerwear, and/or nightwear. Manufacturing outerwear, underwear, and nightwear from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry Group 3152, Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and Finishing apparel products only--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills. ##315191 u 315191 Outerwear Knitting Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) knitting outerwear; (2) knitting fabric and manufacturing outerwear; and (3) knitting, manufacturing, and finishing knit outerwear. Examples of products made in knit outerwear mills are shirts, shorts, sweat suits, sweaters, gloves, and pants. Manufacturing outerwear from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry Group 3152, Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Finishing apparel products only--are classified in U.S. Industry 313312, Textile and Fabric Finishing (except Broadwoven Fabric) Mills; and Knitting underwear and nightwear, knitting fabric and manufacturing underwear and nightwear, or knitting, manufacturing, and finishing knit underwear and nightwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 315192, Underwear and Nightwear Knitting Mills. ##315192 u 315192 Underwear and Nightwear Knitting Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) knitting underwear and nightwear; (2) knitting fabric and manufacturing underwear and nightwear; or (3) knitting, manufacturing, and finishing knit underwear and nightwear. Examples of products produced in underwear and nightwear knitting mills are briefs, underwear T-shirts, pajamas, nightshirts, foundation garments, and panties. Manufacturing underwear and nightwear from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry Group 3152, Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and Finishing apparel products only--are classified in U.S. Industry 313312, Textile and Fabric Finishing (except Broadwoven Fabric) Mills. ##3152 3152 Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cut and sew apparel from woven fabric or purchased knit fabric. Included in this industry group is a diverse range of establishments manufacturing full lines of ready-to-wear apparel and custom apparel: apparel contractors, performing cutting or sewing operations on materials owned by others; jobbers performing entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture; and tailors, manufacturing custom garments for individual clients. Establishments weaving or knitting fabric, without manufacturing apparel, are classified in Subsector 313, Textile Mills. ##31521c 31521 Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors This industry comprises establishments commonly referred to as contractors primarily engaged in (1) cutting materials owned by others for apparel and accessories and/or (2) sewing materials owned by others for apparel and accessories. Manufacturing men's and boys' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31522, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing women's and girls' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31523, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing infants' apparel and all other cut and sew apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31529, Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and Manufacturing apparel accessories from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31599, Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing. ##315211 u 315211 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors This U.S. industry comprises establishments commonly referred to as contractors primarily engaged in (1) cutting materials owned by others for men's and boys' apparel and/or (2) sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' apparel. Manufacturing men's and boys' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31522, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing infants' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315291, Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and Manufacturing men's and boys' apparel accessories from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31599, Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing. ##315212 u 315212 Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors This U.S. industry comprises establishments commonly referred to as contractors primarily engaged in (1) cutting materials owned by others for women's, girls', and infants' apparel and accessories and/or (2) sewing materials owned by others for women's, girls', and infants' apparel and accessories. Manufacturing women's and girls' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31523, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing infants' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315291, Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and Manufacturing women's, girls', and infants' apparel accessories from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31599, Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing. ##31522c 31522 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' cut and sew apparel from purchased fabric. Men's and boys' clothing jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' apparel--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; Knitting men's and boys' apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing men's and boys' apparel--are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; and Manufacturing fur or leather apparel and team athletic uniforms--are classified in Industry 31529, Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing. ##315221 c 315221 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Underwear and Nightwear Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' underwear and nightwear from purchased fabric. Men's and boys' underwear and nightwear jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Examples of products made by these establishments are briefs, bathrobes, underwear T-shirts and shorts, nightshirts, and pajamas. Knitting men's and boys' underwear and nightwear and/or knitting and manufacturing men's and boys' underwear and nightwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 315192, Underwear and Nightwear Knitting Mills; and Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' underwear and nightwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. ##315222 c 315222 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Suit, Coat, and Overcoat Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' suits, overcoats, sport coats, tuxedos, dress uniforms, and other tailored apparel (except fur and leather) from purchased fabric. Men's and boys' suit, coat, and overcoat jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Manufacturing men's and boys' nontailored coats and jackets such as down coats and windbreakers made from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315228, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing fur and leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's and boys' washable service apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315225, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Work Clothing Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's and boys' team athletic uniforms from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315299, All Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' suits, coats, and overcoats--are classified in U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. ##315223 u 315223 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Shirt (except Work Shirt) Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' outerwear shirts from purchased fabric. Men's and boys' shirt (except work shirt) jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Unisex outerwear shirts, such as T-shirts and sweatshirts that are sized without specific reference to gender (i.e., adult S, M, L, XL) are included in this industry. Manufacturing men's and boys' work shirts from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315225, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Work Clothing Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's and boys' underwear T-shirts and underwear tank tops from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315221, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Underwear and Nightwear Manufacturing; Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' shirts--are classified in U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; and Knitting men's and boys' outerwear shirts or knitting fabric and manufacturing men's and boys' outerwear shirts--are classified in U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills. ##315224 u 315224 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Trouser, Slack, and Jean Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' jeans, dungarees, and other separate trousers and slacks (except work pants) from purchased fabric. Men's and boys' trouser, slack, and jean jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Manufacturing men's and boys' work pants from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315225, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Work Clothing Manufacturing; Manufacturing fur and leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's and boys' sweatpants and shorts from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315228, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing; and Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' separate trousers, slacks, and jeans--are classified in U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. ##315225 u 315225 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Work Clothing Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' work shirts, work pants (excluding jeans and dungarees), other work clothing, and washable service apparel from purchased fabric. Men's and boys' work clothing jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Examples of products made by these establishments are washable service apparel, laboratory coats, work shirts, work pants (except jeans and dungarees), and hospital apparel. Manufacturing men's and boys' separate trousers, slacks, and pants, including jeans and dungarees from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315224, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Trouser, Slack, and Jean Manufacturing; and Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' work clothing--are classified in U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. ##315228 u 315228 Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' cut and sew outerwear from purchased fabric (except underwear, nightwear, shirts, suits, overcoats and tailored coats, separate trousers and slacks, and work clothing). Men's and boys' other outerwear jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Unisex sweatpants and similar garments that are sized without specific reference to gender (i.e., adult S, M, L, XL) are also included in this industry. Examples of products made by these establishments are athletic clothing (except athletic uniforms), bathing suits, down coats, outerwear shorts, windbreakers and jackets, and jogging suits. Manufacturing men's and boys' athletic uniforms from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315299, All Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing leather and fur apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather Apparel Manufacturing; Knitting men's and boys' apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing men's and boys' apparel--are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; Manufacturing men's and boys' underwear and nightwear from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315221, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Underwear and Nightwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's and boys' tailored suits, coats, and overcoats from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315222, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Suit, Coat and Overcoat Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's and boys' outerwear shirts (except work shirts) from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315223, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Shirt (except Work Shirt) Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's and boys' separate pants, trousers, and slacks from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315224, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Trouser, Slack, and Jean Manufacturing; and Manufacturing men's and boys' work clothing from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315225, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Work Clothing Manufacturing. ##31523c 31523 Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's and girls' apparel from purchased fabric. Women's and girls' clothing jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Knitting women's and girls' apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing women's and girls' apparel--are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; Manufacturing unisex outerwear garments, such as T-shirts, sweatshirts, and sweatpants that are sized without reference to specific gender (i.e., adult S, M, L, XL),--are classified in Industry 31522, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for women's and girls' apparel--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; and Manufacturing fur or leather apparel and team athletic uniforms--are classified in Industry 31529, Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing. ##315231 c 315231 Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Lingerie, Loungewear, and Nightwear Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's and girls' bras, girdles, and other underwear; lingerie; loungewear; and nightwear from purchased fabric. Women's and girls' lingerie, loungewear, and nightwear jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Examples of products made by these establishments are bathrobes, foundation garments, nightgowns, pajamas, panties, and slips. Knitting women's and girls' underwear, nightwear, and lingerie or knitting fabric and manufacturing women's and girls' underwear, nightwear, and lingerie--are classified in U.S. Industry 315192, Underwear and Nightwear Knitting Mills; and Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for women's and girls' underwear, nightwear, and lingerie--are classified in U.S. Industry 315212, Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. ##315232 c 315232 Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Blouse and Shirt Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's and girls' blouses and shirts from purchased fabric. Women's and girls' blouse and shirt jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Knitting women's and girls' blouses, shirts, and tops or knitting fabric and manufacturing women's and girls' blouses, shirts, and tops--are classified in U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills; Manufacturing unisex outerwear shirts, such as T-shirts and sweatshirts that are sized without specific reference to gender (i.e., adult S, M, L, XL),--are classified in U.S. Industry 315223, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Shirt (except Work Shirt) Manufacturing; and Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for women's and girls' shirts and blouses--are classified in U.S. Industry 315212, Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. ##315233 c 315233 Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Dress Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's and girls' dresses from purchased fabric. Women's and girls' dress jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Knitting women's and girls' dresses or knitting fabric and manufacturing women's and girls' dresses--are classified in U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills; and Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for women's and girls' dresses--are classified in U.S. Industry 315212, Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. ##315234 c 315234 Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Suit, Coat, Tailored Jacket, and Skirt Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's and girls' suits, pantsuits, skirts, tailored jackets, vests, raincoats, and other tailored coats, (except fur and leather coats) from purchased fabric. Women's and girls' suit, coat, tailored jacket, and skirt jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Manufacturing women's and girls' team athletic uniforms from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315299, All Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing women's and girls' separate slacks, jeans, pants, and nontailored coats and jackets, such as down coats and windbreakers from purchased fabric,--are classified in U.S. Industry 315239, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing fur and leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather Apparel Manufacturing; Knitting women's and girls' tailored skirts, suits, vests, and coats or knitting fabric and manufacturing women's and girls' tailored skirts, suits, vests, and coats--are classified in U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills; and Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for women's and girls' suits, coats, tailored jackets, and skirts--are classified in U.S. Industry 315212, Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. ##315239 c 315239 Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's and girls' cut and sew apparel from purchased fabric (except underwear, lingerie, nightwear, blouses, shirts, dresses, suits, tailored coats, tailored jackets, and skirts). Women's and girls' other outerwear clothing jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Examples of products made by these establishments are bathing suits, down coats, sweaters, jogging suits, outerwear pants and shorts, and windbreakers. Manufacturing women's and girls' team athletic uniforms from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315299, All Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Knitting women's and girls' apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing women's and girls' apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills; Manufacturing women's and girls' fur and leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather Apparel Manufacturing; Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for women's and girls' apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315212, Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; Manufacturing women's and girls' lingerie, loungewear, and nightwear from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315231, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Lingerie, Loungewear, and Nightwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing women's and girls' blouses and outerwear shirts from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315232, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Blouse and Shirt Manufacturing; Manufacturing unisex sweatpants and similar outerwear garments that are sized without specific reference to gender (i.e., adult S, M, L, XL)--are classified in U.S. Industry 315228, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing women's and girls' dresses from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315233, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Dress Manufacturing; and Manufacturing women's and girls' suits, skirts, and tailored coats and jackets from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315234, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Suit, Coat, Tailored Jacket, and Skirt Manufacturing. ##31529c 31529 Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cut and sew apparel from purchased fabric (except men's, boys', women's, and girls' apparel). This industry includes establishments manufacturing apparel, such as fur apparel, leather apparel, infants' apparel, costumes, and clerical vestments. Manufacturing men's and boys' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31522, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing women's and girls' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31523, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Knitting apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing apparel--are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for apparel--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; Manufacturing fur and leather mittens and gloves--are classified in Industry 31599, Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing; and Dyeing and dressing furs--are classified in Industry 316110, Leather and Hide Tanning and Finishing. ##315291 c 315291 Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing infants' dresses, blouses, shirts, and all other infants' wear from purchased fabric. Infants' clothing jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. For the purposes of classification, the term "infants' apparel" includes apparel for young children of an age not exceeding 24 months. Knitting infants' apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing infants' apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills; and Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for infants' apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315212, Women's, Girls', and Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. ##315292 c 315292 Fur and Leather Apparel Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cut and sew fur and leather apparel, and sheep-lined clothing. Fur and leather apparel jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for apparel--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; Dyeing and dressing furs--are classified in Industry 316110, Leather and Hide Tanning and Finishing; and Manufacturing fur and leather mittens and gloves--are classified in U.S. Industry 315992, Glove and Mitten Manufacturing. ##315299 c 315299 All Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cut and sew apparel from purchased fabric (except cut and sew apparel contractors; men's and boys' cut and sew underwear, nightwear, suits, coats, shirts, trousers, work clothing, and other outerwear; women's and girls' lingerie, blouses, shirts, dresses, suits, coats, and other outerwear; infants' apparel; and fur and leather apparel). Clothing jobbers for these products, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel, are included. Examples of products made by these establishments are team athletic uniforms, band uniforms, academic caps and gowns, clerical vestments, and costumes. Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for apparel--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; Knitting apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing apparel--are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; Manufacturing men's and boys' underwear and nightwear from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315221, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Underwear and Nightwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's and boys' suits, coats, and overcoats from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315222, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Suit, Coat and Overcoat Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's and boys' shirts (except work shirts) from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315223, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Shirt (except Work Shirt) Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's and boys' pants, slacks, trousers, and jeans from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315224, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Trouser, Slack, and Jean Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's and boys' work clothing from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315225, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Work Clothing Manufacturing; Manufacturing other men's and boys' outerwear from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315228, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing women's and girls' lingerie and nightwear from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315231, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Lingerie, Loungewear, and Nightwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing women's and girls' blouses and shirts from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315232, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Blouse and Shirt Manufacturing; Manufacturing women's and girls' dresses from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315233, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Dress Manufacturing; Manufacturing women's and girls' suits, tailored coats and jackets, and skirts from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315234, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Suit, Coat, Tailored Jacket, and Skirt Manufacturing; Manufacturing other women's and girls' outerwear from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315239, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Other Outerwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing infants' apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315291, Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and Manufacturing fur and leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather Apparel Manufacturing. ##3159 3159 Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing apparel accessories and other apparel (except apparel knitting mills, apparel contractors, men's and boys' cut and sew apparel, women's and girls' cut and sew apparel, infants' cut and sew apparel, fur and leather apparel, and all other cut and sew apparel). This industry group includes jobbers performing entrepreneurial functions involved in manufacturing apparel accessories. ##31599 31599 Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing apparel and accessories (except apparel knitting mills, cut and sew apparel contractors, men's and boys' cut and sew apparel, women's and girls' cut and sew apparel, and other cut and sew apparel). Jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in apparel accessories manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for apparel accessories to be made from their materials, and marketing finished apparel accessories, are included. Examples of products made by these establishments are belts, caps, gloves (except medical, sporting, safety), hats, and neckties. Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for apparel accessories--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; Manufacturing paper hats and caps--are classified in Industry 32229, Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastics or rubber hats and caps (except bathing caps)--are classified in Subsector 326, Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing; Manufacturing athletic gloves, such as boxing gloves, baseball gloves, golf gloves, batting gloves, and racquetball gloves,--are classified in Industry 339920, Sporting and Athletic Goods Manufacturing; Manufacturing metal fabric, metal mesh, or rubber gloves--are classified in Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing; Knitting apparel, mittens, gloves, hats, and caps or knitting fabric and manufacturing apparel, mittens, gloves, hats, and caps--are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for apparel--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; Manufacturing men's and boys' underwear and outerwear from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31522, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing women's and girls' underwear and outerwear from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31523, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; and Manufacturing other apparel from purchased fabric and manufacturing fur and leather apparel, hats, and caps--are classified in Industry 31529, Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing. ##315991 m 315991 Hat, Cap, and Millinery Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cut and sew hats, caps, millinery, and hat bodies from purchased fabric. Jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in hat, cap, and millinery manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for hats, caps, and millinery to be made from their materials, and marketing finished hats, caps, and millinery, are included. Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for hats, caps, and millinery--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; Manufacturing paper hats and caps--are classified in U.S. Industry 322299, All Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastics or rubber hats and caps (except bathing caps)--are classified in Subsector 326, Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing; and Manufacturing fur and leather hats and caps--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather Apparel Manufacturing. ##315992 u 315992 Glove and Mitten Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing cut and sew gloves (except rubber, metal, and athletic gloves) and mittens from purchased fabric, fur, leather, or from combinations of fabric, fur, or leather. Jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in glove and mitten manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for gloves and mittens to be made from their materials, and marketing finished gloves and mittens, are included. Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for gloves and mittens--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; Knitting mittens and gloves or knitting fabric and manufacturing mittens and gloves are classified in U.S. Industry 315191, Outerwear Knitting Mills; Manufacturing athletic gloves, such as boxing gloves, baseball gloves, golf gloves, batting gloves, and racquetball gloves--are classified in Industry 339920, Sporting and Athletic Goods Manufacturing; and Manufacturing metal fabric, metal mesh, or rubber gloves--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing. ##315993 u 315993 Men's and Boys' Neckwear Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's and boys' cut and sew neckties, scarves, and mufflers from purchased fabric, leather, or from combinations of leather and fabric. Men's and boys' neckwear jobbers, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in neckwear manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for neckwear to be made from their materials, and marketing finished neckwear, are included. Establishments primarily engaged in cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for men's and boys' neckwear are classified in U.S. Industry 315211, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors. ##315999 u 315999 Other Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing apparel and apparel accessories (except apparel knitting mills; cut and sew apparel contractors; cut and sew apparel; hats and caps; mittens and gloves; and men's and boys' neckwear). Jobbers for these products, who perform entrepreneurial functions involved in other apparel and accessory manufacture, including buying raw materials, designing and preparing samples, arranging for other apparel and accessories to be made from their materials, and marketing finished other apparel and accessories, are included. Examples of products made by these establishments are apparel trimmings and findings, belts, women's scarves, and suspenders. Knitting apparel or knitting fabric and manufacturing apparel--are classified in Industry Group 3151, Apparel Knitting Mills; Cutting and/or sewing materials owned by others for apparel--are classified in Industry 31521, Cut and Sew Apparel Contractors; Manufacturing men's and boys' cut and sew underwear and outerwear from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31522, Men's and Boys' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing women's and girls' cut and sew underwear and outerwear from purchased fabric--are classified in Industry 31523, Women's and Girls' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing infants' cut and sew apparel from purchased fabric--are classified in U.S. Industry 315291, Infants' Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing fur and leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing hats, caps, and millinery--are classified in U.S. Industry 315991, Hat, Cap, and Millinery Manufacturing; Manufacturing gloves and mittens--are classified in U.S. Industry 315992, Glove and Mitten Manufacturing; and Manufacturing men's and boys' neckwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 315993, Men's and Boys' Neckwear Manufacturing. ##316 316 Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing Establishments in the Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing subsector transform hides into leather by tanning or curing and fabricating the leather into products for final consumption. It also includes the manufacture of similar products from other materials, including products (except apparel) made from "leather substitutes," such as rubber, plastics, or textiles. Rubber footwear, textile luggage, and plastics purses or wallets are examples of "leather substitute" products included in this group. The products made from leather substitutes are included in this subsector because they are made in similar ways leather products are made (e.g., luggage). They are made in the same establishments, so it is not practical to separate them. The inclusion of leather making in this subsector is partly because leather tanning is a relatively small industry that has few close neighbors as a production process, partly because leather is an input to some of the other products classified in this subsector and partly for historical reasons. ##3161 3161 Leather and Hide Tanning and Finishing ##31611 31611 Leather and Hide Tanning and Finishing See industry description for 316110 below. ##316110 316110 Leather and Hide Tanning and Finishing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) tanning, currying, and finishing hides and skins; (2) having others process hides and skins on a contract basis; and (3) dyeing or dressing furs. ##3162 3162 Footwear Manufacturing ##31621 31621 Footwear Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing footwear (except orthopedic extension footwear). Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing orthopedic extension footwear are classified in Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing. ##316211 u 316211 Rubber and Plastics Footwear Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber and plastics footwear with vulcanized rubber or plastics soles, molded or cemented to rubber, plastics, or fabric uppers, and rubber and plastics protective footwear. Manufacturing house slippers with fabric uppers and rubber or plastics soles--are classified in U.S. Industry 316212, House Slipper Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's footwear (except athletic) with leather or vinyl uppers, regardless of sole material--are classified in U.S. Industry 316213, Men's Footwear (except Athletic) Manufacturing; Manufacturing women's footwear (except athletic) with leather or vinyl uppers, regardless of sole material--are classified in U.S. Industry 316214, Women's Footwear (except Athletic) Manufacturing; and Manufacturing youths' children's and infants' footwear and athletic footwear with leather or vinyl uppers, regardless of sole material--are classified in U.S. Industry 316219, Other Footwear Manufacturing. ##316212 u 316212 House Slipper Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing house slippers and slipper socks, regardless of material. ##316213 u 316213 Men's Footwear (except Athletic) Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing men's footwear designed primarily for dress, street, and work. This industry includes men's shoes with rubber or plastics soles and leather or vinyl uppers. Manufacturing men's footwear with fabric uppers and rubber or plastics soles--are classified in U.S. Industry 316211, Rubber and Plastics Footwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing orthopedic extension footwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; and Manufacturing men's leather or vinyl upper athletic footwear and youths' and boys' footwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 316219, Other Footwear Manufacturing. ##316214 u 316214 Women's Footwear (except Athletic) Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's footwear designed for dress, street, and work. This industry includes women's shoes with rubber or plastics soles and leather or vinyl uppers. Manufacturing women's footwear with fabric uppers and rubber or plastics soles and rubber or plastics sandals--are classified in U.S. Industry 316211, Rubber and Plastics Footwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing orthopedic extension footwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; and Manufacturing women's leather or vinyl upper athletic footwear and youths' and girls' footwear--are classified in U.S. Industry 316219, Other Footwear Manufacturing. ##316219 u 316219 Other Footwear Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing other footwear (except rubber and plastics footwear; house slippers; men's footwear (except athletic); and women's footwear (except athletic)). Manufacturing rubber and plastics footwear with fabric uppers--are classified in U.S. Industry 316211, Rubber and Plastics Footwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing house slippers--are classified in U.S. Industry 316212, House Slipper Manufacturing; Manufacturing men's footwear (except athletic)--are classified in U.S. Industry 316213, Men's Footwear (except Athletic) Manufacturing; Manufacturing orthopedic extension footwear--are classified in Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; and Manufacturing women's footwear (except athletic)--are classified in U.S. Industry 316214, Women's Footwear (except Athletic) Manufacturing. ##3169 3169 Other Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing ##31699 31699 Other Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing leather products (except footwear and apparel) from purchased leather or leather substitutes (e.g., fabric, plastics). Manufacturing leather apparel--are classified in Industry 31529, Other Cut and Sew Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing leather gloves, mittens, belts, and apparel accessories--are classified in Industry 31599, Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing footwear--are classified in Industry 31621, Footwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing nonleather soles--are classified elsewhere based on the primary input material; Manufacturing small articles made of metal carried on or about the person made of metal--are classified in Industry 33991, Jewelry and Silverware Manufacturing; and Manufacturing leather gaskets--are classified in Industry 33999, All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing. ##316991 u 316991 Luggage Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing luggage of any material. ##316992 u 316992 Women's Handbag and Purse Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing women's handbags and purses of any material (except precious metal). Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing precious metal handbags and purses are classified in U.S. Industry 339911, Jewelry (except Costume) Manufacturing. ##316993 u 316993 Personal Leather Good (except Women's Handbag and Purse) Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing personal leather goods (i.e., small articles of any material (except metal) normally carried on or about the person or in a handbag). Examples of personal leather goods made by these establishments are billfolds, coin purses, key cases, toilet kits, and watchbands (except metal). Manufacturing personal goods of precious metal--are classified in U.S. Industry 339911, Jewelry (except Costume) Manufacturing; and Manufacturing personal goods of metal (except precious)--are classified in U.S. Industry 339914, Costume Jewelry and Novelty Manufacturing. ##316999 u 316999 All Other Leather Good Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing leather goods (except footwear, luggage, handbags, purses, and personal leather goods). Manufacturing leather gloves or mittens--are classified in U.S. Industry 315992, Glove and Mitten Manufacturing; Manufacturing leather apparel belts--are classified in U.S. Industry 315999, Other Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing; Manufacturing footwear--are classified in Industry 31621, Footwear Manufacturing; Manufacturing luggage of any material--are classified in U.S. Industry 316991, Luggage Manufacturing; Manufacturing handbags and purses--are classified in U.S. Industry 316992, Women's Handbag and Purse Manufacturing; Manufacturing personal leather goods, such as wallets and key cases, of all materials (except metal)--are classified in U.S. Industry 316993, Personal Leather Good (except Women's Handbag and Purse) Manufacturing; Manufacturing nonleather soles--are classified elsewhere based on the primary input material; Manufacturing leather apparel--are classified in U.S. Industry 315292, Fur and Leather Apparel Manufacturing; and Manufacturing leather gaskets--are classified in U.S. Industry 339991, Gasket, Packing, and Sealing Device Manufacturing. ##321 321 Wood Product Manufacturing Industries in the Wood Product Manufacturing subsector manufacture wood products, such as lumber, plywood, veneers, wood containers, wood flooring, wood trusses, manufactured homes (i.e., mobile home), and prefabricated wood buildings. The production processes of the Wood Product Manufacturing subsector include sawing, planing, shaping, laminating, and assembling of wood products starting from logs that are cut into bolts, or lumber that then may be further cut, or shaped by lathes or other shaping tools. The lumber or other transformed wood shapes may also be subsequently planed or smoothed, and assembled into finished products, such as wood containers. The Wood Product Manufacturing subsector includes establishments that make wood products from logs and bolts that are sawed and shaped, and establishments that purchase sawed lumber and make wood products. With the exception of sawmills and wood preservation establishments, the establishments are grouped into industries mainly based on the specific products manufactured. ##3211 3211 Sawmills and Wood Preservation This industry group comprises establishments whose primary production process begins with logs or bolts that are transformed into boards, dimension lumber, beams, timbers, poles, ties, shingles, shakes, siding, and wood chips. Establishments that cut and treat round wood and/or treat wood products made in other establishments to prevent rotting by impregnation with creosote or other chemical compounds are also included in this industry group. ##32111 32111 Sawmills and Wood Preservation This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) sawing dimension lumber, boards, beams, timber, poles, ties, shingles, shakes, siding, and wood chips from logs or bolts; (2) sawing round wood poles, pilings, and posts and treating them with preservatives; and (3) treating wood sawed, planed, or shaped in other establishments with creosote or other preservatives to prevent decay and to protect against fire and insects. Sawmills may plane the rough lumber that they make with a planing machine to achieve smoothness and uniformity of size. Operating portable chipper mills in the field--are classified in Industry 113310, Logging; Manufacturing wood products (except round wood poles, pilings, and posts) and treating them with preservatives--are classified elsewhere in Subsector 321, Wood Product Manufacturing, based on the related production process; Manufacturing veneer from logs and bolts or manufacturing engineered lumber and structural members other than solid wood--are classified in Industry 32121, Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing; and Planing purchased lumber or manufacturing cut stock or dimension stock (i.e., shapes) from logs or bolts--are classified in Industry 32191, Millwork. ##321113 u 321113 Sawmills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in sawing dimension lumber, boards, beams, timbers, poles, ties, shingles, shakes, siding, and wood chips from logs or bolts. Sawmills may plane the rough lumber that they make with a planing machine to achieve smoothness and uniformity of size. Planing purchased lumber or manufacturing cut stock or dimension stock (i.e., shapes) from logs or bolts--are classified in Industry 32191, Millwork; Manufacturing veneer from logs or bolts--are classified in Industry 32121, Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing; and Operating portable chipper mills in the field--are classified in Industry 113310, Logging. ##321114 c 321114 Wood Preservation This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) treating wood sawed, planed, or shaped in other establishments with creosote or other preservatives, such as chromated copper arsenate, to prevent decay and to protect against fire and insects and/or (2) sawing round wood poles, pilings, and posts and treating them with preservatives. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood products (except round wood poles, pilings, and posts) and treating them with preservatives are classified elsewhere in Subsector 321, Wood Product Manufacturing, based on the related production process. ##3212 3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing ##32121 32121 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing veneer and/or plywood; (2) manufacturing engineered wood members; and (3) manufacturing reconstituted wood products. This industry includes manufacturing plywood from veneer made in the same establishment or from veneer made in other establishments, and manufacturing plywood faced with nonwood materials, such as plastics or metal. Manufacturing veneer and further processing that veneer into wood containers or wood container parts in the same establishment--are classified in Industry 321920, Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing; Manufacturing prefabricated wood buildings or wood sections, and panels for buildings--are classified in Industry 32199, All Other Wood Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing solid wood structural members, such as dimension lumber and timber from logs or bolts in sawmills--are classified in Industry 32111, Sawmills and Wood Preservation. ##321211 c 321211 Hardwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing hardwood veneer and/or hardwood plywood. Manufacturing veneer and further processing that veneer into wood containers or wood container parts--are classified in Industry 321920, Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing; Manufacturing softwood veneer and softwood plywood--are classified in U.S. Industry 321212, Softwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing; and Manufacturing reconstituted wood sheets and boards--are classified in U.S. Industry 321219, Reconstituted Wood Product Manufacturing. ##321212 c 321212 Softwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing softwood veneer and/or softwood plywood. Manufacturing veneer and further processing that veneer into wood containers or wood container parts--are classified in Industry 321920, Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing; Manufacturing hardwood veneer and hardwood plywood--are classified in U.S. Industry 321211, Hardwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing; and Manufacturing reconstituted wood sheets and boards--are classified in U.S. Industry 321219, Reconstituted Wood Product Manufacturing. ##321213 u 321213 Engineered Wood Member (except Truss) Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing fabricated or laminated wood arches and/or other fabricated or laminated wood structural members. Manufacturing prefabricated wood buildings, or wood sections, and panels for buildings--are classified in U.S. Industry 321992, Prefabricated Wood Building Manufacturing; Manufacturing wood trusses--are classified in U.S. Industry 321214, Truss Manufacturing; and Manufacturing solid wood structural members, such as dimension lumber and timber from logs or bolts,--are classified in U.S. Industry 321113, Sawmills. ##321214 u 321214 Truss Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing laminated or fabricated wood roof and floor trusses. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood I-joists are classified in U.S. Industry 321213, Engineered Wood Member (except Truss) Manufacturing. ##321219 u 321219 Reconstituted Wood Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing reconstituted wood sheets and boards. Manufacturing softwood plywood--are classified in U.S. Industry 321212, Softwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing; and Manufacturing hardwood plywood--are classified in U.S. Industry 321211, Hardwood Veneer and Plywood Manufacturing. ##3219 3219 Other Wood Product Manufacturing This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood products (except establishments operating sawmills and wood preservation facilities; and establishments manufacturing veneer, plywood, or engineered wood products). ##32191 32191 Millwork This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing hardwood and softwood cut stock and dimension stock (i.e., shapes); wood windows and wood doors; and other millwork including wood flooring. Dimension stock or cut stock is defined as lumber and worked wood products cut or shaped to specialized sizes. These establishments generally use woodworking machinery, such as jointers, planers, lathes, and routers to shape wood. Manufacturing dimension lumber, boards, beams, timbers, poles, ties, shingles, shakes, siding, and wood chips from logs and bolts--are classified in Industry 32111, Sawmills and Wood Preservation; Fabricating millwork at the construction site--are classified in Industry 238350, Finish Carpentry Contractors; and Manufacturing wood furniture frames and finished wood furniture parts--are classified in Industry 33721, Office Furniture (including Fixtures) Manufacturing. ##321911 c 321911 Wood Window and Door Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing window and door units, sash, window and door frames, and doors from wood or wood clad with metal or plastics. Establishments primarily engaged in fabricating wood windows or wood doors at the construction site are classified in Industry 238350, Finish Carpentry Contractors. ##321912 u 321912 Cut Stock, Resawing Lumber, and Planing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing dimension lumber from purchased lumber; (2) manufacturing dimension stock (i.e., shapes) or cut stock; (3) resawing the output of sawmills; and (4) planing purchased lumber. These establishments generally use woodworking machinery, such as jointers, planers, lathes, and routers to shape wood. Manufacturing dimension lumber, boards, beams, timbers, poles, ties, shingles, shakes, siding, and wood chips from logs or bolts--are classified in U.S. Industry 321113, Sawmills; Manufacturing wood stairwork, wood molding, wood trim, and other millwork--are classified in U.S. Industry 321918, Other Millwork (including Flooring); and Manufacturing wood furniture frames and finished wood furniture parts--are classified in U.S. Industry 337215, Showcase, Partition, Shelving, and Locker Manufacturing. ##321918 u 321918 Other Millwork (including Flooring) This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing millwork (except wood windows, wood doors, and cut stock). Manufacturing wood windows and doors--are classified in U.S. Industry 321911, Wood Window and Door Manufacturing; and Manufacturing cut stock, resawing lumber, and/or planing purchased lumber--are classified in U.S. Industry 321912, Cut Stock, Resawing Lumber, and Planing. ##32192 32192 Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing See industry description for 321920 below. ##321920 321920 Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood pallets, wood box shook, wood boxes, other wood containers, and wood parts for pallets and containers. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood burial caskets are classified in U.S. Industry 339995, Burial Casket Manufacturing. ##32199 32199 All Other Wood Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood products (except establishments operating sawmills and wood preservation facilities; and establishments manufacturing veneer, plywood, engineered wood products, millwork, wood containers, or pallets). Operating sawmills or preserving wood--are classified in Industry 32111, Sawmills and Wood Preservation; Manufacturing veneer, plywood, and engineered wood products--are classified in Industry 32121, Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing millwork--are classified in Industry 32191, Millwork; Manufacturing wood containers, pallets, and wood container parts--are classified in Industry 321920, Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing; Manufacturing travel trailers with self-contained facilities for storage of water and waste-- are classified in Industry 33621, Motor Vehicle Body and Trailer Manufacturing; and Fabricating of wood buildings or wood sections and panels for buildings at the construction site--are classified in Sector 23, Construction. ##321991 c 321991 Manufactured Home (Mobile Home) Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in making manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes) and nonresidential mobile buildings. Manufactured homes are designed to accept permanent water, sewer, and utility connections and although equipped with wheels, they are not intended for regular highway movement. Manufacturing prefabricated wood buildings not equipped with wheels--are classified in U.S. Industry 321992, Prefabricated Wood Building Manufacturing; and Manufacturing travel trailers with self-contained facilities for storage of water and waste--are classified in U.S. Industry 336214, Travel Trailer and Camper Manufacturing. ##321992 c 321992 Prefabricated Wood Building Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing prefabricated wood buildings and wood sections and panels for prefabricated wood buildings. Fabricating wood buildings or wood sections and panels for buildings at the construction site--are classified in Sector 23, Construction; and Making manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes)--are classified in U.S. Industry 321991, Manufactured Home (Mobile Home) Manufacturing. ##321999 c 321999 All Other Miscellaneous Wood Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing wood products (except establishments operating sawmills and preservation facilities; establishments manufacturing veneer, engineered wood products, millwork, wood containers, pallets, and wood container parts; and establishments making manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes) and prefabricated buildings and components). Operating sawmills and preserving wood--are classified in Industry 32111, Sawmills and Wood Preservation; Manufacturing veneer and engineered wood products--are classified in Industry 32121, Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Wood Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing millwork--are classified in Industry 32191, Millwork; Manufacturing boxes, box shook, wood containers, pallets, and wood parts for containers--are classified in Industry 321920, Wood Container and Pallet Manufacturing; Making manufactured homes (i.e., mobile homes)--are classified in U.S. Industry 321991, Manufactured Home (Mobile Home) Manufacturing; and Manufacturing prefabricated wood buildings or wood sections and panels for buildings--are classified in U.S. Industry 321992, Prefabricated Wood Building Manufacturing. ##322 322 Paper Manufacturing Industries in the Paper Manufacturing subsector make pulp, paper, or converted paper products. The manufacturing of these products is grouped together because they constitute a series of vertically connected processes. More than one is often carried out in a single establishment. There are essentially three activities. The manufacturing of pulp involves separating the cellulose fibers from other impurities in wood or used paper. The manufacturing of paper involves matting these fibers into a sheet. Converted paper products are made from paper and other materials by various cutting and shaping techniques and includes coating and laminating activities. The Paper Manufacturing subsector is subdivided into two industry groups, the first for the manufacturing of pulp and paper and the second for the manufacturing of converted paper products. Paper making is treated as the core activity of the subsector. Therefore, any establishment that makes paper (including paperboard), either alone or in combination with pulp manufacturing or paper converting, is classified as a paper or paperboard mill. Establishments that make pulp without making paper are classified as pulp mills. Pulp mills, paper mills and paperboard mills comprise the first industry group. Establishments that make products from purchased paper and other materials make up the second industry group, Converted Paper Product Manufacturing. This general activity is then subdivided based, for the most part, on process distinctions. Paperboard container manufacturing uses corrugating, cutting, and shaping machinery to form paperboard into containers. Paper bag and coated and treated paper manufacturing establishments cut and coat paper and foil. Stationery product manufacturing establishments make a variety of paper products used for writing, filing, and similar applications. Other converted paper product manufacturing includes, in particular, the conversion of sanitary paper stock into such things as tissue paper and disposable diapers. An important process used in the Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing industry is lamination, often combined with coating. Lamination and coating makes a composite material with improved properties of strength, impermeability, and so on. The laminated materials may be paper, metal foil, or plastics film. While paper is often one of the components, it is not always. Lamination of plastics film to plastics film is classified in the NAICS Subsector 326, Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing, because establishments that do this often first make the film. The same situation holds with respect to bags. The manufacturing of bags from plastics only, whether or not laminated, is classified in Subsector 326, Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing, but all other bag manufacturing is classified in this subsector. Excluded from this subsector are photosensitive papers. These papers are chemically treated and are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing. ##3221 3221 Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pulp, paper, or paperboard. ##32211 32211 Pulp Mills See industry description for 322110 below. ##322110 m 322110 Pulp Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pulp without manufacturing paper or paperboard. The pulp is made by separating the cellulose fibers from the other impurities in wood or other materials, such as used or recycled rags, linters, scrap paper, and straw. Manufacturing both pulp and paper--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper Mills; and Manufacturing both pulp and paperboard--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills. ##32212 32212 Paper Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paper from pulp. These establishments may manufacture or purchase pulp. In addition, the establishments may convert the paper they make. The activity of making paper classifies an establishment into this industry regardless of the output. Manufacturing pulp without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry 322110, Pulp Mills; Manufacturing paperboard--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills; Converting paper without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry Group 3222, Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing photographic sensitized paper--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing. ##322121 c 322121 Paper (except Newsprint) Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paper (except newsprint and uncoated groundwood paper) from pulp. These establishments may manufacture or purchase pulp. In addition, the establishments may also convert the paper they make. Manufacturing newsprint and uncoated groundwood paper--are classified in U.S. Industry 322122, Newsprint Mills; Converting paper without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry Group 3222, Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing paperboard--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills; Manufacturing pulp without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry 322110, Pulp Mills; and Manufacturing photographic sensitized paper from purchased paper--are classified in U.S. Industry 325992, Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing. ##322122 c 322122 Newsprint Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing newsprint and uncoated groundwood paper from pulp. These establishments may manufacture or purchase pulp. In addition, the establishments may also convert the paper they make. Manufacturing paper (except newsprint and uncoated groundwood)--are classified in U.S. Industry 322121, Paper (except Newsprint) Mills; Converting paper without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry Group 3222, Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing paperboard--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills; and Manufacturing pulp without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry 322110, Pulp Mills. ##32213 32213 Paperboard Mills See industry description for 322130 below. ##322130 c 322130 Paperboard Mills This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing paperboard from pulp. These establishments may manufacture or purchase pulp. In addition, the establishments may also convert the paperboard they make. Manufacturing pulp without manufacturing paperboard--are classified in Industry 322110, Pulp Mills; Converting paperboard without manufacturing paperboard--are classified in Industry Group 3222, Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing insulation board and other reconstituted wood fiberboard--are classified in U.S. Industry 321219, Reconstituted Wood Product Manufacturing. ##3222 3222 Converted Paper Product Manufacturing This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paper or paperboard without manufacturing paper or paperboard. ##32221 32221 Paperboard Container Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paperboard into containers without manufacturing paperboard. These establishments use corrugating, cutting, and shaping machinery to form paperboard into containers. Products made by these establishments include boxes; corrugated sheets, pads, and pallets; paper dishes; and fiber drums and reels. Manufacturing similar items of plastics materials--are classified in Industry Group 3261, Plastics Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing paperboard and converting paperboard into containers--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills; Manufacturing egg cartons, food trays, and other food containers from molded pulp--are classified in Industry 32229, Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing paper and converting paper into containers--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper Mills; and Manufacturing paper bags without manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry 32222, Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing. ##322211 c 322211 Corrugated and Solid Fiber Box Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in laminating purchased paper or paperboard into corrugated or solid fiber boxes and related products, such as pads, partitions, pallets, and corrugated paper without manufacturing paperboard. These boxes are generally used for shipping. Manufacturing setup paperboard boxes (except corrugated or laminated solid fiber boxes)--are classified in U.S. Industry 322213, Setup Paperboard Box Manufacturing; Manufacturing folding paperboard boxes (except corrugated or laminated solid fiber boxes)--are classified in U.S. Industry 322212, Folding Paperboard Box Manufacturing; and Manufacturing paperboard and converting paperboard into boxes--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills. ##322212 c 322212 Folding Paperboard Box Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paperboard (except corrugated) into folding paperboard boxes without manufacturing paper and paperboard. Manufacturing setup paperboard boxes (except corrugated)--are classified in U.S. Industry 322213, Setup Paperboard Box Manufacturing; Manufacturing corrugated and solid fiber boxes--are classified in U.S. Industry 322211, Corrugated and Solid Fiber Box Manufacturing; Manufacturing paperboard and converting paperboard into containers--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills; Manufacturing paper and converting paper into containers--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper Mills; Manufacturing milk cartons--are classified in U.S. Industry 322215, Nonfolding Sanitary Food Container Manufacturing; and Manufacturing paper bags--are classified in Industry 32222, Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing. ##322213 u 322213 Setup Paperboard Box Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paperboard into setup paperboard boxes (i.e., rigid-sided boxes not shipped flat) without manufacturing paperboard. Manufacturing folding paperboard boxes (except corrugated)--are classified in U.S. Industry 322212, Folding Paperboard Box Manufacturing; Manufacturing corrugated and solid fiber boxes--are classified in U.S. Industry 322211, Corrugated and Solid Fiber Box Manufacturing; and Manufacturing paperboard and converting paperboard into containers--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills. ##322214 u 322214 Fiber Can, Tube, Drum, and Similar Products Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paperboard into fiber cans, tubes, drums, and similar products without manufacturing paperboard. Establishments engaged in manufacturing paperboard and converting paperboard into containers are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills. ##322215 u 322215 Nonfolding Sanitary Food Container Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting sanitary foodboard into food containers (except folding). Manufacturing sanitary food containers of solely plastics materials--are classified in Industry Group 3261, Plastics Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing egg cartons, food trays, and other food containers from molded pulp--are classified in U.S. Industry 322299, All Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing folding sanitary cartons--are classified in U.S. Industry 322212, Folding Paperboard Box Manufacturing. ##32222 32222 Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) cutting and coating paper and paperboard; (2) cutting and laminating paper and paperboard and other flexible materials (except plastics film to plastics film); (3) manufacturing bags or multiwall bags or sacks of paper, metal foil, coated paper, or laminates or coated combinations of paper and foil with plastics film; (4) manufacturing laminated aluminum and other converted metal foils from purchased foils; and (5) surface coating paper or paperboard. Manufacturing paper from pulp--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper Mills; Manufacturing photographic sensitized paper--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; Manufacturing textile bags--are classified in Industry 31491, Textile Bag and Canvas Mills; Manufacturing single and multiwall plastics bags or plastics laminated bags--are classified in Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing; Making aluminum and aluminum foil--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing; and Cutting purchased aluminum foil into smaller lengths and widths--are classified in Industry 33299, All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. ##322221 u 322221 Coated and Laminated Packaging Paper and Plastics Film Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing one or more of the following activities associated with the manufacturing of packaging materials: (1) cutting and coating paper; and (2) cutting and laminating paper with other flexible materials (except plastics to plastics or foil to paper laminates). The products made in this industry are made from purchased sheet materials and may be printed in the same establishment. Manufacturing coated or laminated paper for nonpackaging purposes--are classified in U.S. Industry 322222, Coated and Laminated Paper Manufacturing; Manufacturing unsupported plastics film--are classified in U.S. Industry 326113, Unlaminated Plastics Film and Sheet (except Packaging) Manufacturing; Manufacturing laminated aluminum foil for flexible packaging uses--are classified in U.S. Industry 322225, Laminated Aluminum Foil Manufacturing for Flexible Packaging Uses; Making aluminum and aluminum foil--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing; Cutting purchased aluminum foil into smaller lengths and widths--are classified in U.S. Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing paper from pulp--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper Mills. ##322222 u 322222 Coated and Laminated Paper Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing one or more of the following activities associated with making products designed for purposes other than packaging: (1) cutting and coating paper; (2) cutting and laminating paper and other flexible materials (except plastics film to plastics film); and (3) laminating aluminum and other metal foils for nonpackaging uses from purchased foils. The products made in this industry are made from purchased sheet materials and may be printed in the same establishment. Manufacturing coated and laminated paper for packaging uses--are classified in U.S. Industry 322221, Coated and Laminated Packaging Paper and Plastics Film Manufacturing; Manufacturing photographic sensitized paper--are classified in U.S. Industry 325992, Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing; Making aluminum and aluminum foil--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing; Cutting purchased aluminum foil into smaller lengths and widths--are classified in U.S. Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing laminated aluminum foil for flexible packaging uses--are classified in U.S. Industry 322225, Laminated Aluminum Foil Manufacturing for Flexible Packaging Uses. ##322223 u 322223 Plastics, Foil, and Coated Paper Bag Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing bags of coated paper, of metal foil, or of laminated or coated combinations of plastics, foil, and paper, whether or not printed. Manufacturing uncoated paper bags and multiwall bags and sacks--are classified in U.S. Industry 322224, Uncoated Paper and Multiwall Bag Manufacturing; Manufacturing textile bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 314911, Textile Bag Mills; and Manufacturing single and multiwall plastics bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 326111, Plastics Bag Manufacturing. ##322224 u 322224 Uncoated Paper and Multiwall Bag Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing uncoated paper bags or multiwall bags and sacks. Manufacturing single wall and multiwall bags from plastics unsupported film--are classified in U.S. Industry 326111, Plastics Bag Manufacturing; Manufacturing bags of coated paper, of metal foil, or of laminated or coated combinations of plastics, foil, and paper bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 322223, Plastics, Foil, and Coated Paper Bag Manufacturing; and Manufacturing textile bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 314911, Textile Bag Mills. ##322225 u 322225 Laminated Aluminum Foil Manufacturing for Flexible Packaging Uses This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in laminating aluminum and other metal foil into products with flexible packaging uses or gift wrap and other packaging wrap applications. Manufacturing plain aluminum foil--are classified in U.S. Industry 331315, Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil Manufacturing; Manufacturing laminated aluminum bags and liners--are classified in U.S. Industry 322223, Plastics, Foil, and Coated Paper Bag Manufacturing; Manufacturing converted aluminum and other metal foils for nonpackaging uses from purchased foils--are classified in U.S. Industry 322222, Coated and Laminated Paper Manufacturing; and Manufacturing cookware, dinnerware, and other semirigid metal containers--are classified in U.S. Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. ##322226 u 322226 Surface-Coated Paperboard Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in laminating, lining, or surface coating purchased paperboard to make other paperboard products. ##32223 32223 Stationery Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paper or paperboard into products used for writing, filing, art work, and similar applications. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing die-cut paper and paperboard products other than office supplies are classified in U.S. Industry 322299, All Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing. ##322231 u 322231 Die-Cut Paper and Paperboard Office Supplies Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paper rollstock or paperboard into die-cut paper or paperboard office supplies. For the purpose of this industry, office supplies are defined as office products, such as filing folders, index cards, rolls for adding machines, file separators and dividers, tabulating cards, and other paper and paperboard office supplies. Manufacturing die-cut paper and paperboard products (except office supplies)--are classified in U.S. Industry 322299, All Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing paper and paperboard products used for writing and similar applications (e.g., looseleaf fillers, notebooks, pads, stationery, tablets)--are classified in U.S. Industry 322233, Stationery, Tablet, and Related Product Manufacturing. ##322232 u 322232 Envelope Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing envelopes for mailing or stationery of any material including combinations. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing stationery are classified in U.S. Industry 322233, Stationery, Tablet, and Related Product Manufacturing. ##322233 u 322233 Stationery, Tablet, and Related Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paper and paperboard into products used for writing and similar applications (e.g., looseleaf fillers, notebooks, pads, stationery, tablets). Manufacturing envelopes--are classified in U.S. Industry 322232, Envelope Manufacturing; and Manufacturing die-cut paper and paperboard office supplies--are classified in U.S. Industry 322231, Die-Cut Paper and Paperboard Office Supplies Manufacturing. ##32229 32229 Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) converting paper and paperboard into products (except containers, bags, coated and treated paper and paperboard, and stationery products), or (2) converting pulp into pulp products, such as disposable diapers, or molded pulp egg cartons, food trays, and dishes. Processes used include laminating or lining purchased paper or paperboard. Manufacturing pulp from wood or from other materials--are classified in Industry 322110, Pulp Mills; Manufacturing paper from pulp or making pulp and manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper Mills; Manufacturing paperboard from pulp or making pulp and manufacturing paperboard--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills; Manufacturing paperboard containers--are classified in Industry 32221, Paperboard Container Manufacturing; Manufacturing bags of coated, laminated, or uncoated paper, of metal foil, or combinations thereof--are classified in Industry 32222, Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing; and Manufacturing stationery and other related office supplies--are classified in Industry 32223, Stationery Product Manufacturing. ##322291 c 322291 Sanitary Paper Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting purchased sanitary paper stock or wadding into sanitary paper products, such as facial tissues and handkerchiefs, table napkins, toilet paper, towels, disposable diapers, sanitary napkins, and tampons. ##322299 c 322299 All Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting paper or paperboard into products (except containers, bags, coated and treated paper, stationery products, and sanitary paper products) or converting pulp into pulp products, such as egg cartons, food trays, and other food containers from molded pulp. Manufacturing pulp from wood or from other materials--are classified in Industry 322110, Pulp Mills; Manufacturing paper from pulp or making pulp and manufacturing paper--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper Mills; Manufacturing paperboard from pulp or making pulp and manufacturing paperboard--are classified in Industry 322130, Paperboard Mills; Manufacturing paperboard containers--are classified in Industry 32221, Paperboard Container Manufacturing; Manufacturing bags of coated, laminated, or uncoated paper, of metal foil, or combinations thereof--are classified in Industry 32222, Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing; and Manufacturing stationery and other related office supplies--are classified in Industry 32223, Stationery Product Manufacturing. ##323 323 Printing and Related Support Activities Industries in the Printing and Related Support Activities subsector print products, such as newspapers, books, labels, business cards, stationery, business forms, and other materials, and perform support activities, such as data imaging, platemaking services, and bookbinding. The support activities included here are an integral part of the printing industry, and a product (a printing plate, a bound book, or a computer disk or file) that is an integral part of the printing industry is almost always provided by these operations. Processes used in printing include a variety of methods used to transfer an image from a plate, screen, film, or computer file to some medium, such as paper, plastics, metal, textile articles, or wood. The most prominent of these methods is to transfer the image from a plate or screen to the medium (lithographic, gravure, screen, and flexographic printing). A rapidly growing new technology uses a computer file to directly "drive" the printing mechanism to create the image and new electrostatic and other types of equipment (digital or nonimpact printing). In contrast to many other classification systems that locate publishing of printed materials in manufacturing, NAICS classifies the publishing of printed products in Subsector 511, Publishing Industries (except Internet). Though printing and publishing are often carried out by the same enterprise (a newspaper, for example), it is less and less the case that these distinct activities are carried out in the same establishment. When publishing and printing are done in the same establishment, the establishment is classified in Sector 51, Information, in the appropriate NAICS industry even if the receipts for printing exceed those for publishing. This subsector includes printing on clothing because the production process for that activity is printing, not clothing manufacturing. For instance, the printing of T-shirts is included in this subsector. In contrast, printing on fabric (or grey goods) is not included. This activity is part of the process of finishing the fabric and is included in the NAICS Textile Mills subsector in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills. ##3231 3231 Printing and Related Support Activities ##32311 32311 Printing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in printing on apparel and textile products, paper, metal, glass, plastics, and other materials, except fabric (grey goods). The printing processes employed include, but are not limited to, lithographic, gravure, screen, flexographic, digital, and letterpress. Establishments in this industry do not manufacture the stock that they print but may perform postprinting activities, such as folding, cutting, or laminating the materials they print, and mailing. Providing photocopying service on nondigital photocopy equipment without performing traditional printing activities--are classified in Industry 56143, Business Service Centers; Printing on grey goods--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills; Printing and publishing, known as publishers,--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing Industries (except Internet); and Performing prepress or postpress services without performing traditional printing activities--are classified in Industry 32312, Support Services for Printing. ##323110 u 323110 Commercial Lithographic Printing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in lithographic (i.e., offset) printing without publishing (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). This industry includes establishments engaged in lithographic printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, letterhead, invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job order basis. Quick printing--are classified in U.S. Industry 323114, Quick Printing; Printing on grey goods--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills; Printing books and pamphlets--are classified in U.S. Industry 323117, Books Printing; Printing manifold business forms including checkbooks--are classified in U.S. Industry 323116, Manifold Business Forms Printing; Manufacturing printed stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items--are classified in Subsector 322, Paper Manufacturing; and Printing and publishing, known as publishers,--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing Industries (except Internet). ##323111 u 323111 Commercial Gravure Printing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in gravure printing without publishing (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). This industry includes establishments engaged in gravure printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, letterhead, invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job order basis. Printing on grey goods--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills; Printing books and pamphlets--are classified in U.S. Industry 323117, Book Printing; Printing manifold business forms including checkbooks--are classified in U.S. Industry 323116, Manifold Business Form Printing; Manufacturing printed stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items--are classified in Subsector 322, Paper Manufacturing; and Printing and publishing, known as publishers,--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing Industries (except Internet). ##323112 u 323112 Commercial Flexographic Printing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in flexographic printing without publishing (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). This industry includes establishments engaged in flexographic printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job order basis. Printing on grey goods--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills; Printing books and pamphlets--are classified in U.S. Industry 323117, Books Printing; Printing manifold business forms including checkbooks--are classified in U.S. Industry 323116, Manifold Business Forms Printing; Manufacturing printed stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items--are classified elsewhere in Subsector 322, Manufacturing; and Printing and publishing, known as publishers,--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing Industries (except Internet). ##323113 c 323113 Commercial Screen Printing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in screen printing without publishing (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). This industry includes establishments engaged in screen printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job order basis. Establishments primarily engaged in printing on apparel and textile products, such as T-shirts, caps, jackets, towels, and napkins, are included in this industry. Printing on grey goods--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills; Printing books and pamphlets--are classified in U.S. Industry 323117, Books Printing; Printing manifold business forms including checkbooks--are classified in U.S. Industry 323116, Manifold Business Forms Printing; Manufacturing printed stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items--are classified in Subsector 322, Paper Manufacturing; and Printing and publishing, known as publishers,--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing Industries (except Internet). ##323114 c 323114 Quick Printing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in traditional printing activities, such as short-run offset printing or prepress services, in combination with providing document photocopying service. Prepress services include receiving documents in electronic format and directly duplicating from the electronic file and formatting, colorizing, and otherwise modifying the original document to improve presentation. These establishments, known as quick printers, generally provide short-run printing and copying with fast turnaround times. Providing photocopying service on nondigital photocopy equipment without performing traditional printing activities--are classified in U.S. Industry 561439, Other Business Service Centers (including Copy Shops); Printing with lithographic equipment known as commercial lithographic printers--are classified in U.S. Industry 323110, Commercial Lithographic Printing; and Digital printing on graphical material--are classified in U.S. Industry 323115, Digital Printing. ##323115 c 323115 Digital Printing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in printing graphical materials using digital printing equipment. Establishments known as digital printers typically provide sophisticated prepress services including using scanners to input images and computers to manipulate and format the graphic images prior to printing. Establishments primarily engaged in printing with "up front" computer files on conventional-type printing equipment are classified to books, manifold business forms, or based on the type of printing equipment (e.g., lithographic, flexographic, screen) being used. ##323116 c 323116 Manifold Business Forms Printing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in printing special forms, including checkbooks, for use in the operation of a business. The forms may be in single and multiple sets, including carbonized, interleaved with carbon, or otherwise processed for multiple reproduction. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing single layered continuous computer paper and similar products are classified in U.S. Industry 322231, Die-Cut Paper and Paperboard Office Supplies Manufacturing. ##323117 u 323117 Books Printing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in printing or printing and binding books and pamphlets without publishing. Printing and publishing, known as book publishers,--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing Industries (except Internet); and Binding books without printing in the same establishment--are classified in U.S. Industry 323121, Tradebinding and Related Work. ##323118 u 323118 Blankbook, Looseleaf Binders, and Devices Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing blankbooks, looseleaf devices, and binders. Establishments in this industry may print or print and bind. Checkbook printing--are classified in U.S. Industry 323116, Manifold Business Form Printing; and Binding books without printing in the same establishment--are classified in U.S. Industry 323121, Tradebinding and Related Work. ##323119 u 323119 Other Commercial Printing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in commercial printing (except lithographic, gravure, screen, or flexographic printing) without publishing (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms). Printing processes included in this industry are letterpress printing and engraving printing. This industry includes establishments engaged in commercial printing on purchased stock materials, such as stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items, on a job order basis. Lithographic, gravure, screen, or flexographic printing on purchased stock materials (except books, grey goods, and manifold business forms)--are classified in Industry 323110, Printing, by printing process employed; Printing on grey goods--are classified in Industry 31331, Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills; Quick printing--are classified in U.S. Industry 323114, Quick Printing; Digital printing on graphical materials--are classified in U.S. Industry 323115, Digital Printing; Printing books and pamphlets--are classified in U.S. Industry 323117, Books Printing; Printing manifold business forms including checkbooks--are classified in U.S. Industry 323116, Manifold Business Forms Printing; Manufacturing printed stationery, invitations, labels, and similar items--are classified in Subsector 322, Paper Manufacturing; and Printing and publishing, known as book publishers,--are classified in Subsector 511, Publishing Industries (except Internet). ##32312 32312 Support Activities for Printing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in performing prepress (e.g., platemaking, typesetting) and postpress services (e.g., book binding) in support of printing activities. Engraving of the type done on metal--are classified in Industry 33281, Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities; Manufacturing photosensitive plates for printing--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; Manufacturing blank plates for printing--are classified in Industry 33329, Other Industrial Machinery Manufacturing; and Printing books or printing and binding books--are classified in Industry 323110, Printing. ##323121 u 323121 Tradebinding and Related Work This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) tradebinding; (2) sample mounting; and (3) postpress services (e.g., book or paper bronzing, die-cutting, edging, embossing, folding, gilding, gluing, indexing). Establishments primarily engaged in printing books or printing and binding books are classified in U.S. Industry 323117, Books Printing. ##323122 u 323122 Prepress Services This U.S. industry comprises (1) establishments primarily engaged in prepress services, such as imagesetting or typesetting, for printers and (2) establishments primarily engaged in preparing film or plates for printing purposes. Engraving of the type done on metal--are classified in U.S. Industry 332812, Metal Coating, Engraving (except jewelry and silverware), and Allied Services to Manufacturers; Manufacturing blank plates (except photosensitive plates) for printing--are classified in U.S. Industry 333293, Printing Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing; and Manufacturing photosensitive plates for printing--are classified in U.S. Industry 325992, Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing. ##324 324 Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing The Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing subsector is based on the transformation of crude petroleum and coal into usable products. The dominant process is petroleum refining that involves the separation of crude petroleum into component products through such techniques as cracking and distillation. In addition, this subsector includes establishments that primarily further process refined petroleum and coal products and produce products, such as asphalt coatings and petroleum lubricating oils. However, establishments that manufacture petrochemicals from refined petroleum are classified in Industry 32511, Petrochemical Manufacturing. ##3241 3241 Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing ##32411 32411 Petroleum Refineries See industry description for 324110 below. ##324110 324110 Petroleum Refineries This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in refining crude petroleum into refined petroleum. Petroleum refining involves one or more of the following activities: (1) fractionation; (2) straight distillation of crude oil; and (3) cracking. Manufacturing asphalt paving, roofing, and saturated materials from refined petroleum--are classified in Industry 32412, Asphalt Paving, Roofing, and Saturated Materials Manufacturing; Manufacturing paper mats and felts and saturating them with asphalt or tar into rolls and sheets--are classified in U.S. Industry 322121, Paper (except Newsprint) Mills; Blending or compounding refined petroleum to make lubricating oils and greases and/or re-refining used petroleum lubricating oils--are classified in U.S. Industry 324191, Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing; Manufacturing synthetic lubricating oils and greases--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; Recovering natural gasoline and/or liquid hydrocarbons from oil and gas field gases--are classified in Industry 21111, Oil and Gas Extraction; Manufacturing acyclic and cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (i.e., petrochemicals) from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing cyclic and acyclic chemicals (except petrochemicals)--are classified in Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing coke oven products in steel mills--are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills; and Manufacturing coke oven products in coke oven establishments--are classified in Industry 324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. ##32412 32412 Asphalt Paving, Roofing, and Saturated Materials Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing asphalt and tar paving mixtures and blocks and roofing cements and coatings from purchased asphaltic materials and/or (2) saturating purchased mats and felts with asphalt or tar from purchased asphaltic materials. Refining crude petroleum and manufacturing asphalt and tar paving, roofing, and saturated materials--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; and Manufacturing paper mats and felts and saturating them with asphalt or tar--are classified in Industry 32212, Paper Mills. ##324121 c 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing asphalt and tar paving mixtures and blocks from purchased asphaltic materials. Establishments primarily engaged in refining crude petroleum and manufacturing asphalt and tar paving mixtures and blocks are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries. ##324122 c 324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) saturating purchased mats and felts with asphalt or tar from purchased asphaltic materials and (2) manufacturing asphalt and tar and roofing cements and coatings from purchased asphaltic materials. Refining crude petroleum and saturating purchased mats and felts with asphalt or tar into rolls and sheets and/or refining crude petroleum and manufacturing asphalt and tar roofing cements and coatings--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; and Manufacturing paper mats and felts and saturating them with asphalt or tar into rolls and sheets--are classified in U.S. Industry 322121, Paper (except Newsprint) Mills. ##32419 32419 Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing petroleum products (except asphalt paving, roofing and saturated materials) from refined petroleum or coal products made in coke ovens not integrated with a steel mill. Manufacturing petroleum products by refining crude petroleum--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; Manufacturing asphalt and tar paving, roofing, and saturated materials from refined petroleum--are classified in Industry 32412, Asphalt Paving, Roofing, and Saturated Materials Manufacturing; Manufacturing coke oven products in steel mills--are classified in Industry 33111, Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Manufacturing acyclic and cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (i.e., petrochemicals) from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing cyclic and acyclic organic chemicals (except petrochemicals)--are classified in Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; and Manufacturing synthetic lubricating oils and greases--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing. ##324191 m 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in blending or compounding refined petroleum to make lubricating oils and greases and/or re-refining used petroleum lubricating oils. Refining crude petroleum and manufacturing lubricating oils and greases--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; and Manufacturing synthetic lubricating oils and greases--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing. ##324199 u 324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing petroleum products (except asphalt paving, roofing, and saturated materials and lubricating oils and greases) from refined petroleum and coal products made in coke ovens not integrated with a steel mill. Manufacturing petroleum products by refining crude petroleum--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; Manufacturing asphalt paving and roofing materials from refined petroleum--are classified in Industry 32412, Asphalt Paving, Roofing, and Saturated Materials Manufacturing; Blending and compounding petroleum lubricating oils and greases and/or re-refining used petroleum lubrication oils and greases--are classified in U.S. Industry 324191, Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing; Manufacturing coke oven products in steel mills--are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills; Manufacturing acyclic and cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (i.e., petrochemicals) from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing; and Manufacturing cyclic and acyclic organic chemicals (except petrochemicals)--are classified in Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. ##325 325 Chemical Manufacturing The Chemical Manufacturing subsector is based on the transformation of organic and inorganic raw materials by a chemical process and the formulation of products. This subsector distinguishes the production of basic chemicals that comprise the first industry group from the production of intermediate and end products produced by further processing of basic chemicals that make up the remaining industry groups. This subsector does not include all industries transforming raw materials by a chemical process. It is common for some chemical processing to occur during mining operations. These beneficiating operations, such as copper concentrating, are classified in Sector 21, Mining. Furthermore, the refining of crude petroleum is included in Subsector 324, Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. In addition, the manufacturing of aluminum oxide is included in Subsector 331, Primary Metal Manufacturing; and beverage distilleries are classified in Subsector 312, Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing. As in the case of these two activities, the grouping of industries into subsectors may take into account the association of the activities performed with other activities in the subsector. ##3251 3251 Basic Chemical Manufacturing This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chemicals using basic processes, such as thermal cracking and distillation. Chemicals manufactured in this industry group are usually separate chemical elements or separate chemically-defined compounds. ##32511 32511 Petrochemical Manufacturing See industry description for 325110 below. ##325110 325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing acyclic (i.e., aliphatic) hydrocarbons such as ethylene, propylene, and butylene made from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbon and/or (2) manufacturing cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, styrene, xylene, ethyl benzene, and cumene made from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons. Manufacturing petrochemicals by refining crude petroleum--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; Manufacturing acetylene--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Manufacturing basic organic chemicals (except petrochemicals)--are classified in Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; and Recovering liquid hydrocarbons from oil and gas field gases--are classified in Industry 21111, Oil and Gas Extraction. ##32512 32512 Industrial Gas Manufacturing See industry description for 325120 below. ##325120 325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial organic and inorganic gases in compressed, liquid, and solid forms. Manufacturing chlorine gas--are classified in U.S. Industry 325181, Alkalies and Chlorine Manufacturing; and Manufacturing ethane and butane gases made from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing. ##32513 32513 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing synthetic organic and inorganic dyes and pigments, such as lakes and toners (except electrostatic and photographic). Manufacturing wood byproducts used as dying materials--are classified in Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing carbon, bone, and lamp black--are classified in Industry 32518, Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing electrostatic and photographic toners--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; Manufacturing natural food colorings--are classified in Industry 311930, Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing; and Manufacturing natural organic colorings for nonfood uses--are classified in Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. ##325131 u 325131 Inorganic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing inorganic dyes and pigments. Manufacturing wood byproducts used as dyeing materials--are classified in U.S. Industry 325191, Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing organic synthetic dyes and pigments--are classified in U.S. Industry 325132, Synthetic Organic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Manufacturing carbon, bone, and lamp black--are classified in U.S. Industry 325182, Carbon Black Manufacturing; and Manufacturing natural food colorings--are classified in Industry 311930, Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing. ##325132 u 325132 Synthetic Organic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing synthetic organic dyes and pigments, such as lakes and toners (except electrostatic and photographic). Manufacturing wood byproducts used as dyeing materials--are classified in U.S. Industry 325191, Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing inorganic dyes and pigments--are classified in U.S. Industry 325131, Inorganic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Manufacturing electrostatic and photographic toners--are classified in U.S. Industry 325992, Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing natural food colorings--are classified in Industry 311930, Flavoring Syrup and Concentrate Manufacturing; and Manufacturing natural organic colorings for nonfood uses (except wood byproducts)--are classified in U.S. Industry 325199, All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. ##32518 32518 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing basic inorganic chemicals (except industrial gases and synthetic dyes and pigments). Manufacturing industrial gases--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Manufacturing inorganic dyes and pigments--are classified in Industry 32513, Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Manufacturing household bleaches--are classified in Industry 32561, Soap and Cleaning Compound Manufacturing; Mining and/or beneficiating alkalies--are classified in Industry 21239, Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying; Manufacturing chlorine preparations (e.g., for swimming pools)--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; Manufacturing nitrogenous and phosphoric fertilizers and fertilizer materials--are classified in Industry 32531, Fertilizer Manufacturing; Manufacturing aluminum oxide (alumina)--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing; Manufacturing inorganic insecticidal, herbicidal, fungicidal and pesticidal preparations--are classified in Industry 325320, Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing; and Manufacturing photographic chemicals--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing. ##325181 c 325181 Alkalies and Chlorine Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chlorine, sodium hydroxide (i.e., caustic soda), and other alkalies often using an electrolysis process. Mining and beneficiating alkalies--are classified in U.S. Industry 212391, Potash, Soda, and Borate Mineral Mining; Manufacturing chlorine preparations (e.g., for swimming pools)--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; Manufacturing industrial bleaches--are classified in U.S. Industry 325188, All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; and Manufacturing household bleaches--are classified in U.S. Industry 325612, Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing. ##325182 u 325182 Carbon Black Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing carbon black, bone black, and lamp black. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pigments are classified in Industry 32513, Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing. ##325188 u 325188 All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing basic inorganic chemicals (except industrial gases, inorganic dyes and pigments, alkalies and chlorine, and carbon black). Manufacturing industrial gases--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Manufacturing inorganic dyes and pigments--are classified in U.S. Industry 325131, Inorganic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Manufacturing alkalies and chlorine--are classified in U.S. Industry 325181, Alkalies and Chlorine Manufacturing; Manufacturing carbon black--are classified in U.S. Industry 325182, Carbon Black Manufacturing; Manufacturing household bleaches--are classified in U.S. Industry 325612, Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing; Manufacturing nitrogenous and phosphoric fertilizers and fertilizer material--are classified in Industry 32531, Fertilizer Manufacturing; Manufacturing aluminum oxide (i.e., alumina)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331311, Alumina Refining; Manufacturing inorganic insecticidal, herbicidal, fungicidal, and pesticidal preparations--are classified in Industry 325320, Pesticide and Other Agriculture Chemical Manufacturing; and Manufacturing photographic chemicals--are classified in U.S. Industry 325992, Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing. ##32519 32519 Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing basic organic chemicals (except petrochemicals, industrial gases, and synthetic dyes and pigments). Manufacturing petrochemicals from refined petroleum or liquid hydrocarbons--are classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing petrochemicals by refining crude petroleum--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; Manufacturing organic industrial gases--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Manufacturing synthetic organic dyes and pigments--are classified in Industry 32513, Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Manufacturing natural glycerin--are classified in Industry 32561, Soap and Cleaning Compound Manufacturing; Manufacturing activated charcoal--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; Manufacturing organic insecticidal, herbicidal, fungicidal, and pesticidal preparations--are classified in Industry 325320, Pesticide and Other Agriculture Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing elastomers--are classified in Industry 32521, Resin and Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing; Manufacturing urea--are classified in Industry 32531, Fertilizer Manufacturing; Manufacturing coal tar crudes in integrated steel mills with coke ovens--are classified in Industry 33111, Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; Manufacturing coal tar crudes in coke ovens not integrated with steel mills and fuel briquettes from refined petroleum--are classified in Industry 32419, Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing; and Manufacturing natural food colorings--are classified in Industry 31194, Seasoning and Dressing Manufacturing. ##325191 u 325191 Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) distilling wood or gum into products, such as tall oil and wood distillates, and (2) manufacturing wood or gum chemicals, such as naval stores, natural tanning materials, charcoal briquettes, and charcoal (except activated). Manufacturing activated charcoal--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; and Manufacturing fuel briquettes from refined petroleum--are classified in U.S. Industry 324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. ##325192 u 325192 Cyclic Crude and Intermediate Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) distilling coal tars and/or (2) manufacturing cyclic crudes or, cyclic intermediates (i.e., hydrocarbons, except aromatic petrochemicals) from refined petroleum or natural gas. Manufacturing cyclic chemicals (except aromatic and intermediates)--are classified in U.S. Industry 325199, All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing aromatic petrochemicals from refined petroleum or natural gas--are classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing aromatic petrochemicals by refining crude petroleum--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; Distilling wood products--are classified in U.S. Industry 325191, Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing coal tar crudes in steel mills with coke ovens--are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills; and Manufacturing coal tar crudes in coke oven establishments and fuel briquettes from refined petroleum--are classified in U.S. Industry 324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. ##325193 u 325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonpotable ethyl alcohol. Distilling liquors (except brandy)--are classified in Industry 312140, Distilleries; and Manufacturing brandies--are classified in Industry 312130, Wineries. ##325199 u 325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing basic organic chemical products (except aromatic petrochemicals, industrial gases, synthetic organic dyes and pigments, gum and wood chemicals, cyclic crudes and intermediates, and ethyl alcohol). Manufacturing aromatic petrochemicals from refined petroleum or natural gas--are classified in Industry 325110, Petrochemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing aromatic petrochemicals by refining crude petroleum--are classified in Industry 324110, Petroleum Refineries; Manufacturing organic industrial gases--are classified in Industry 325120, Industrial Gas Manufacturing; Manufacturing synthetic organic dyes and pigments--are classified in U.S. Industry 325132, Synthetic Organic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing; Manufacturing ethyl alcohol--are classified in U.S. Industry 325193, Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing; Manufacturing organic insecticidal, herbicidal, fungicidal, and pesticidal preparations--are classified in Industry 325320, Pesticide and Other Agriculture Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing elastomers--are classified in Industry 325210, Resin and Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing; Manufacturing urea--are classified in U.S. Industry 325311, Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; Manufacturing natural glycerin--are classified in U.S. Industry 325611, Soap and Other Detergent Manufacturing; and Manufacturing natural food colorings--are classified in U.S. Industry 311942, Spice and Extract Manufacturing. ##3252 3252 Resin, Synthetic Rubber, and Artificial Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing ##32521 32521 Resin and Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing synthetic resins, plastics materials, and nonvulcanizable elastomers and mixing and blending resins on a custom basis; (2) manufacturing noncustomized synthetic resins; and (3) manufacturing synthetic rubber. Manufacturing plastics resins and converting resins into plastics products--are classified in Industry Group 3261, Plastics Product Manufacturing; Processing natural, synthetic, or reclaimed rubber into intermediate or final products--are classified in Industry Group 3262, Rubber Product Manufacturing; Custom compounding resins made elsewhere--are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; and Manufacturing resin adhesives--are classified in Industry 325520, Adhesive Manufacturing. ##325211 u 325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing resins, plastics materials, and nonvulcanizable thermoplastic elastomers and mixing and blending resins on a custom basis and/or (2) manufacturing noncustomized synthetic resins. Manufacturing plastics resins and converting the resins into plastics products--are classified in 3261, Plastics Product Manufacturing; Custom compounding resins made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 325991, Custom Compounding of Purchased Resins; and Manufacturing plastics adhesives--are classified in Industry 325520, Adhesive Manufacturing. ##325212 m 325212 Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing This U.S. industry consists of establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing synthetic rubber. Processing natural, synthetic, or reclaimed rubber into intermediate or final products (except adhesives)--are classified in Industry Group 3262, Rubber Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing rubber adhesives--are classified Industry 325520, Adhesive Manufacturing. ##32522 32522 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing cellulosic (i.e., rayon and acetate) and noncellulosic (i.e., nylon, polyolefin, and polyester) fibers and filaments in the form of monofilament, filament yarn, staple, or tow or (2) manufacturing and texturing cellulosic and noncellulosic fibers and filaments. Texturizing cellulosic and noncellulosic fiber and filament made elsewhere--are classified in Industry 31311, Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills; and Manufacturing textile glass fibers--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing. ##325221 u 325221 Cellulosic Organic Fiber Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing cellulosic (i.e., rayon and acetate) fibers and filaments in the form of monofilament, filament yarn, staple, or tow or (2) manufacturing and texturizing cellulosic fibers and filaments. Texturizing cellulosic fibers and filaments made elsewhere--are classified in U.S. Industry 313112, Yarn Texturing, Throwing, and Twisting Mills; and Manufacturing noncellulosic fibers and filaments--are classified in U.S. Industry 325222, Noncellulosic Organic Fiber Manufacturing. ##325222 u 325222 Noncellulosic Organic Fiber Manufacturing This U.S. industry consists of establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing noncellulosic (i.e., nylon, polyolefin, and polyester) fibers and filaments in the form of monofilament, filament yarn, staple, or tow, or (2) manufacturing and texturizing noncellulosic fibers and filaments. Texturizing noncellulosic fibers--are classified in U.S. Industry 313112, Yarn Texturing, Throwing, and Twisting Mills; Manufacturing cellulose fibers--are classified in U.S. Industry 325221, Cellulosic Organic Fiber Manufacturing; and Manufacturing textile glass fibers--are classified in U.S. Industry 327212, Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing. ##3253 3253 Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing ##32531 32531 Fertilizer Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing nitrogenous or phosphatic fertilizer materials; (2) manufacturing fertilizers from sewage or animal waste; (3) manufacturing nitrogenous or phosphatic materials and mixing with other ingredients into fertilizers; and (4) mixing ingredients made elsewhere into fertilizers. ##325311 u 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing nitrogenous fertilizer materials and mixing ingredients into fertilizers; (2) manufacturing fertilizers from sewage or animal waste; and (3) manufacturing nitrogenous materials and mixing them into fertilizers. Establishments primarily engaged in mixing ingredients made elsewhere into nitrogenous fertilizers are classified in U.S. Industry 325314, Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing. ##325312 u 325312 Phosphatic Fertilizer Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing phosphatic fertilizer materials or (2) manufacturing phosphatic materials and mixing them into fertilizers. Establishments primarily engaged in mixing ingredients made elsewhere into phosphatic fertilizers are classified in U.S. Industry 325314, Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing. ##325314 c 325314 Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in mixing ingredients made elsewhere into fertilizers. Manufacturing nitrogenous fertilizer materials or fertilizer materials from sewage or animal waste and mixing these ingredients into nitrogenous fertilizers--are classified in U.S. Industry 325311, Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing; and Manufacturing phosphatic fertilizer materials and mixing ingredients into fertilizers--are classified in U.S. Industry 325312, Phosphatic Fertilizer Manufacturing. ##32532 32532 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing See industry description for 325320 below. ##325320 325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the formulation and preparation of agricultural and household pest control chemicals (except fertilizers). Manufacturing basic chemicals requiring further processing before use as agriculture chemicals--are classified in Industry Group 3251, Basic Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing fertilizers--are classified in Industry 325310, Fertilizer Manufacturing; and Manufacturing agricultural lime products--are classified in Industry 327410, Lime Manufacturing. ##3254 3254 Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing ##32541 32541 Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing biological and medicinal products; (2) processing (i.e., grading, grinding, and milling) botanical drugs and herbs; (3) isolating active medicinal principals from botanical drugs and herbs; and (4) manufacturing pharmaceutical products intended for internal and external consumption in such forms as ampoules, tablets, capsules, vials, ointments, powders, solutions, and suspensions. ##325411 u 325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing uncompounded medicinal chemicals and their derivatives (i.e., generally for use by pharmaceutical preparation manufacturers) and/or (2) grading, grinding, and milling uncompounded botanicals. Manufacturing packaged compounded medicinals and botanicals--are classified in U.S. Industry 325412, Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing; and Manufacturing vaccines, toxoids, blood fractions, and culture media of plant or animal origin (except for diagnostic use)--are classified in U.S. Industry 325414, Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing. ##325412 u 325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing in-vivo diagnostic substances and pharmaceutical preparations (except biological) intended for internal and external consumption in dose forms, such as ampoules, tablets, capsules, vials, ointments, powders, solutions, and suspensions. Manufacturing uncompounded medicinal chemicals and their derivatives--are classified in U.S. Industry 325411, Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing; Manufacturing in-vitro diagnostic substances--are classified in U.S. Industry 325413, In-Vitro Diagnostic Substance Manufacturing; and Manufacturing vaccines, toxoids, blood fractions, and culture media of plant or animal origin (except for diagnostic use)--are classified in U.S. Industry 325414, Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing. ##325413 u 325413 In-Vitro Diagnostic Substance Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing in-vitro (i.e., not taken internally) diagnostic substances, such as chemical, biological, or radioactive substances. The substances are used for diagnostic tests that are performed in test tubes, petri dishes, machines, and other diagnostic test-type devices. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing in-vivo diagnostic substances are classified in U.S. Industry 325412, Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing. ##325414 u 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing vaccines, toxoids, blood fractions, and culture media of plant or animal origin (except diagnostic). Manufacturing in-vitro diagnostic substances--are classified in U.S. Industry 325413, In-Vitro Diagnostic Substance Manufacturing; and Manufacturing pharmaceutical preparations, (except biological and in-vivo diagnostic substances)--are classified in U.S. Industry 325412, Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing. ##3255 3255 Paint, Coating, and Adhesive Manufacturing ##32551 32551 Paint and Coating Manufacturing See industry description for 325510 below. ##325510 325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) mixing pigments, solvents, and binders into paints and other coatings, such as stains, varnishes, lacquers, enamels, shellacs, and water repellant coatings for concrete and masonry, and/or (2) manufacturing allied paint products, such as putties, paint and varnish removers, paint brush cleaners, and frit. Manufacturing creosote--are classified in Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing caulking compounds and sealants--are classified in Industry 325520, Adhesive Manufacturing; Manufacturing artists' paints--are classified in U.S. Industry 339942, Lead Pencil and Art Good Manufacturing; and Manufacturing turpentine--are classified in U.S. Industry 325191, Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing. ##32552 32552 Adhesive Manufacturing See industry description for 325520 below. ##325520 325520 Adhesive Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing adhesives, glues, and caulking compounds. Manufacturing asphalt and tar roofing cements from purchased asphaltic materials--are classified in Industry 324122, Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials Manufacturing; and Manufacturing gypsum based caulking compounds--are classified in Industry 327420, Gypsum Product Manufacturing. ##3256 3256 Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing ##32561 32561 Soap and Cleaning Compound Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and packaging soap and other cleaning compounds, surface active agents, and textile and leather finishing agents used to reduce tension or speed the drying process. Manufacturing synthetic glycerin--are classified in Industry 32519, Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing industrial bleaches--are classified in Industry 32518, Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing; and Manufacturing shampoos and shaving preparations--are classified in Industry 325620, Toilet Preparation Manufacturing. ##325611 u 325611 Soap and Other Detergent Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and packaging soaps and other detergents, such as laundry detergents; dishwashing detergents; toothpaste gels, and tooth powders; and natural glycerin. Manufacturing synthetic glycerin--are classified in U.S. Industry 325199, All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing; and Manufacturing shampoos and shaving preparations--are classified in Industry 325620, Toilet Preparation Manufacturing. ##325612 u 325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and packaging polishes and specialty cleaning preparations. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chlorine dioxide (i.e., industrial bleaching agent) are classified in U.S. Industry 325188, All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing. ##325613 u 325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing bulk surface active agents for use as wetting agents, emulsifiers, and penetrants, and/or (2) manufacturing textiles and leather finishing agents used to reduce tension or speed the drying process. ##32562 32562 Toilet Preparation Manufacturing See industry description for 325620 below. ##325620 325620 Toilet Preparation Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in preparing, blending, compounding, and packaging toilet preparations, such as perfumes, shaving preparations, hair preparations, face creams, lotions (including sunscreens), and other cosmetic preparations. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing toothpaste are classified in U.S. Industry 325611, Soap and Other Detergent Manufacturing. ##3259 3259 Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chemical products (except basic chemicals; resins, synthetic rubber, cellulosic and noncellulosic fibers and filaments; pesticides, fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals; pharmaceuticals and medicines; paints, coatings, and adhesives; soaps and cleaning compounds; and toilet preparations). ##32591 32591 Printing Ink Manufacturing See industry description for 325910 below. ##325910 325910 Printing Ink Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing printing and inkjet inks and inkjet cartridges. Recycling inkjet cartridges--are classified in U.S. Industry 811212, Computer and Office Machine Repair and Maintenance; Manufacturing writing, drawing, and stamping ink--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing; and Manufacturing toners and toner cartridges for photocopiers, fax machines, computer printers and similar office machines--are classified in U.S. Industry 325992, Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing. ##32592 32592 Explosives Manufacturing See industry description for 325920 below. ##325920 325920 Explosives Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing explosives. Manufacturing ammunition, ammunition detonators, and percussion caps--are classified in U.S. Industry 332992, Small Arms Ammunition Manufacturing; and Manufacturing pyrotechnics--are classified in U.S. Industry 325998, All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing. ##32599 32599 All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chemical products (except basic chemicals, resins, and synthetic rubber; cellulosic and noncellulosic fibers and filaments; pesticides, fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals; pharmaceuticals and medicines; paints, coatings, and adhesives; and soaps, cleaning compounds, and toilet preparations; printing inks; and explosives). Manufacturing basic chemicals--are classified in Industry Group 3251, Basic Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing resins, synthetic rubber, and artificial synthetic fibers and filaments--are classified in Industry Group 3252, Resin, Synthetic Rubber, and Artificial Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing; Manufacturing pesticides, fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals--are classified in Industry Group 3253, Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agriculture Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing pharmaceuticals and medicine including medicinal vegetable gelatin (i.e., agar-agar)--are classified in Industry Group 3254, Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing; Manufacturing paints, coatings, and adhesives--are classified in Industry Group 3255, Paint, Coating, and Adhesive Manufacturing; Manufacturing soaps and cleaning compounds--are classified in Industry Group 3256, Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing; Manufacturing printing and inkjet inks--are classified in Industry 325910, Printing Ink Manufacturing; Manufacturing explosives--are classified in Industry 325920, Explosives Manufacturing; Manufacturing photographic paper stock (i.e., unsensitized) and paper mats, mounts, easels, and folders for photographic use--are classified in Subsector 322, Paper Manufacturing; Manufacturing dessert gelatins--are classified in Industry 31199, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing; and Manufacturing medicinal gelatins--are classified in Industry 32541, Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing. ##325991 c 325991 Custom Compounding of Purchased Resins This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) custom mixing and blending plastics resins made elsewhere or (2) reformulating plastics resins from recycled plastics products. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing synthetic resins and custom mixing and blending resins are classified in U.S. Industry 325211, Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing. ##325992 m 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing sensitized film, sensitized paper, sensitized cloth, sensitized plates, toners (i.e., for photocopiers, laser printers, and similar electrostatic printing devices), toner cartridges, and photographic chemicals. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing photographic paper stock (i.e., unsensitized) and paper mats, mounts, easels, and folders for photographic use--are classified in Subsector 322, Paper Manufacturing. ##325998 u 325998 All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chemical products (except basic chemicals, resins, synthetic rubber; cellulosic and noncellulosic fiber and filaments; pesticides, fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals; pharmaceuticals and medicines; paints, coatings and adhesives; soap, cleaning compounds, and toilet preparations; printing inks; explosives; custom compounding of purchased resins; and photographic films, papers, plates, and chemicals). Manufacturing basic chemicals--are classified in Industry Group 3251, Basic Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing resins, synthetic rubber, and artificial synthetic fibers and filaments--are classified in Industry Group 3252, Resin, Synthetic Rubber, and Artificial Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing; Manufacturing pesticides, fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals--are classified in Industry Group 3253, Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agriculture Chemical Manufacturing; Manufacturing pharmaceuticals and medicines including medicinal vegetable gelatin (i.e., agar-agar)--are classified in Industry Group 3254, Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing; Manufacturing paints, coatings, and adhesives--are classified in Industry Group 3255, Paint, Coating, and Adhesive Manufacturing; Manufacturing soaps and cleaning compounds--are classified in Industry Group 3256, Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing; Manufacturing printing and inkjet inks--are classified in Industry 325910, Printing Ink Manufacturing; Manufacturing explosives--are classified in Industry 325920, Explosives Manufacturing; Custom compounding purchased plastics resins--are classified in U.S. Industry 325991, Custom Compounding of Purchased Resins; Manufacturing photographic films, papers, plates, and chemicals--are classified in U.S. Industry 325992, Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing; and Manufacturing dessert gelatin--are classified in U.S. Industry 311999, All Other Miscellaneous Food Manufacturing. ##326 326 Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing Industries in the Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing subsector make goods by processing plastics materials and raw rubber. The core technology employed by establishments in this subsector is that of plastics or rubber product production. Plastics and rubber are combined in the same subsector because plastics are increasingly being used as a substitute for rubber; however the subsector is generally restricted to the production of products made of just one material, either solely plastics or rubber. Many manufacturing activities use plastics or rubber, for example the manufacture of footwear, or furniture. Typically, the production process of these products involves more than one material. In these cases, technologies that allow disparate materials to be formed and combined are of central importance in describing the manufacturing activity. In NAICS, such activities (the footwear and furniture manufacturing) are not classified in the Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing subsector because the core technologies for these activities are diverse and involve multiple materials. Within the Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing subsector, a distinction is made between plastics and rubber products at the industry group level, although it is not a rigid distinction, as can be seen from the definition of Industry 32622, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing. As materials technology progresses, plastics are increasingly being used as a substitute for rubber; and eventually, the distinction may disappear as a basis for establishment classification. In keeping with the core technology focus of plastics, lamination of plastics film to plastics film as well as the production of bags from plastics only is classified in this subsector. Lamination and bag production involving plastics and materials other than plastics are classified in the NAICS Subsector 322, Paper Manufacturing. ##3261 3261 Plastics Product Manufacturing This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in processing new or spent (i.e., recycled) plastics resins into intermediate or final products, using such processes as compression molding; extrusion molding; injection molding; blow molding; and casting. Within most of these industries, the production process is such that a wide variety of products can be made. ##32611 32611 Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) converting plastics resins into unsupported plastics film and sheet and/or (2) forming, coating or laminating plastics film and sheet into plastics bags. Laminating plastics sheet (except for packaging)--are classified in Industry 326130, Laminated Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shape Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastics blister and bubble packaging--are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; and Coating or laminating combinations of plastics, foils and paper (except plastics film to plastics film) into film, sheet or bags--are classified in Industry 32222, Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing. ##326111 c 326111 Plastics Bag Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) converting plastics resins into plastics bags or (2) forming, coating or laminating plastics film and sheet into single wall or multiwall plastics bags. Establishments in this industry may print on the bags they manufacture. Manufacturing laminated or coated combinations of plastics, foils and paper (except plastics film to plastics film) materials into single wall bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 322223, Plastics, Foil, and Coated Paper Bag Manufacturing; and Manufacturing laminated or coated combinations of plastics, foils and paper (except plastics film to plastics film) into multiwalled bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 322224, Uncoated Paper and Multiwall Bag Manufacturing. ##326112 u 326112 Plastics Packaging Film and Sheet (including Laminated) Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting plastics resins into plastics packaging (flexible) film and packaging sheet. Converting plastics resins into plastics film and unlaminated sheet (except packaging)--are classified in U.S. Industry 326113, Unlaminated Plastics Film and Sheet (except Packaging) Manufacturing; Laminating or coating packaging combinations of plastics, foils and paper (except plastics film to plastics film) film and sheet--are classified in U.S. Industry 322221, Coated and Laminated Packaging Paper and Plastics Film Manufacturing; Laminating or coating combinations of plastics, foils, and paper (except plastics film to plastics film) nonpackaging film and sheet--are classified in U.S. Industry 322222, Coated and Laminated Paper Manufacturing; Laminating plastics sheet (except for packaging)--are classified in Industry 326130, Laminated Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shape Manufacturing; and Manufacturing plastics bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 326111, Plastics Bag Manufacturing. ##326113 u 326113 Unlaminated Plastics Film and Sheet (except Packaging) Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting plastics resins into plastics film and unlaminated sheet (except packaging). Converting plastics resins into plastics packaging film and unlaminated packaging sheet--are classified in U.S. Industry 326112, Plastics Packaging Film and Sheet (including Laminated) Manufacturing; Laminating plastics sheet (except for packaging)--are classified in Industry 326130, Laminated Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shape Manufacturing; Laminating or coating a combination of plastics, foils, and paper (except plastics film to plastics film) nonpackaging film and sheet--are classified in U.S. Industry 322222, Coated and Laminated Paper Manufacturing; and Manufacturing plastics bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 326111, Plastics Bag Manufacturing. ##32612 32612 Plastics Pipe, Pipe Fitting, and Unlaminated Profile Shape Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics pipes and pipe fittings, and plastics profile shapes such as rod, tube, and sausage casings. Manufacturing plastics hose--are classified in Industry 326220, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing; Manufacturing noncurrent carrying plastics conduit--are classified in Industry 33593, Wiring Device Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastics plumbing fixtures--are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing plastics film, plastics unlaminated sheet, and plastics bags--are classified in Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing. ##326121 c 326121 Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting plastics resins into nonrigid plastics profile shapes (except film, sheet and bags), such as rod, tube, and sausage casings. Manufacturing plastics film, plastics unlaminated sheet, and plastics bags--are classified in Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing; and Manufacturing plastics hoses--are classified in Industry 326220, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing. ##326122 c 326122 Plastics Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in converting plastics resins into rigid plastics pipes and pipe fittings. Manufacturing plastics hose--are classified in Industry 326220, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing; Manufacturing noncurrent-carrying plastics conduit--are classified in U.S. Industry 335932, Noncurrent-Carrying Wiring Device Manufacturing; and Manufacturing plastics plumbing fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 326191, Plastics Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing. ##32613 32613 Laminated Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shape Manufacturing See industry description for 326130 below. ##326130 326130 Laminated Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shape Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in laminating plastics profile shapes such as plate, sheet (except packaging), and rod. The lamination process generally involves bonding or impregnating profiles with plastics resins and compressing them under heat. Manufacturing plastics film, plastics unlaminated sheet, and plastics bags--are classified in Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing; Coating or laminating nonplastics film, sheet, or bags with plastics--are classified in Industry 32222, Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing; and Manufacturing plastics bags--are classified in U.S. Industry 326111, Plastics Bag Manufacturing. ##32614 32614 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing See industry description for 326140 below. ##326140 326140 Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing polystyrene foam products. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics foam products (except polystyrene) are classified in Industry 326150, Urethane and Other Foam Product (except Polystyrene) Manufacturing. ##32615 32615 Urethane and Other Foam Product (except Polystyrene) Manufacturing See industry description for 326150 below. ##326150 326150 Urethane and Other Foam Product (except Polystyrene) Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics foam products (except polystyrene). Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing polystyrene foam products are classified in Industry 326140, Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing. ##32616 32616 Plastics Bottle Manufacturing See industry description for 32616 below. ##326160 326160 Plastics Bottle Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics bottles. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics containers (except bottles) are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing. ##32619 32619 Other Plastics Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing resilient floor covering and other plastics products (except film, sheet, bags, profile shapes, pipes, pipe fittings, laminates, foam products, and bottles). Manufacturing plastics film, plastics unlaminated sheet, and plastics bags--are classified in Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastics pipes, pipe fittings and plastics profile shapes (except films, sheet, bags)--are classified in Industry 32612, Plastics Pipe, Pipe Fitting, and Unlaminated Profile Shape Manufacturing; Laminating plastics profile shapes, such as plate, sheet and rod,--are classified in Industry 326130, Laminated Plastics Plate, Sheet (except packaging) and Shape Manufacturing; Manufacturing polystyrene foam products--are classified in Industry 326140, Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing foam products (except polystyrene)--are classified in Industry 32615, Urethane and Other Foam Product (except Polystyrene) Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastics bottles--are classified in Industry 326160, Plastics Bottle Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastics furniture parts--are classified in Industry 33721, Office Furniture (including Fixtures) Manufacturing; Assembling plastics components into plumbing fixture fittings, such as faucets,--are classified in Industry 33291, Metal Valve Manufacturing; and Manufacturing rubber floor mats and rubber treads--are classified in Industry 32629, Other Rubber Product Manufacturing. ##326191 c 326191 Plastics Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics or fiberglass plumbing fixtures. Examples of products made by these establishments are plastics or fiberglass bathtubs, hot tubs, portable toilets, and shower stalls. Assembling plastics components into plumbing fixture fittings, such as faucets,--are classified in U.S. Industry 332913, Plumbing Fixture Fitting and Trim Manufacturing; and Manufacturing plastics pipe and pipe fittings--are classified in U.S. Industry 326122, Plastics Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing. ##326192 u 326192 Resilient Floor Covering Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing resilient floor coverings for permanent installation. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber floor mats and rubber treads are classified in U.S. Industry 326299, All Other Rubber Product Manufacturing. ##326199 u 326199 All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing plastics products (except film, sheet, bags, profile shapes, pipes, pipe fittings, laminates, foam products, bottles, plumbing fixtures, and resilient floor coverings). Manufacturing plastics film, plastics unlaminated sheet, and plastics bags--are classified in Industry 32611, Plastics Packaging Materials and Unlaminated Film and Sheet Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastics pipes, pipe fittings, and plastics profile shapes (except film, sheet, bags)--are classified in Industry 32612, Plastics Pipe, Pipe Fitting, and Unlaminated Profile Shape Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastic pipes and pipe fittings--are classified in U.S. Industry 326122, Plastics Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing; Laminating plastics profile shapes, such as plate, sheet, and rod,--are classified in Industry 326130, Laminated Plastics Plate, Sheet (except Packaging), and Shapes Manufacturing; Manufacturing polystyrene foam products--are classified in Industry 326140, Polystyrene Foam Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing foam (except polystyrene) products--are classified in Industry 326150, Urethane and Other Foam Product (except Polystyrene) Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastics bottles--are classified in Industry 326160, Plastics Bottle Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastics furniture parts and components--are classified in U.S. Industry 337215, Showcase, Partition, Shelving, and Locker Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastics plumbing fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 326191, Plastics Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Manufacturing resilient floor coverings--are classified in U.S. Industry 326192, Resilient Floor Covering Manufacturing; and Assembling plastics components into plumbing fixtures fittings such as faucets--are classified in U.S. Industry 332913, Plumbing Fixture Fitting and Trim Manufacturing. ##3262 3262 Rubber Product Manufacturing This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in processing natural, and synthetic or reclaimed rubber materials into intermediate or final products using processes such as vulcanizing, cementing, molding, extruding, and lathe-cutting. ##32621 32621 Tire Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing tires and inner tubes from natural and synthetic rubber and retreading or rebuilding tires. Repairing tires, such as plugging,--are classified in Industry 81119, Other Automotive Repair and Maintenance; and Retailing tires--are classified in the Industry 441320, Tire Dealers. ##326211 m 326211 Tire Manufacturing (except Retreading) This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing tires and inner tubes from natural and synthetic rubber. Establishments primarily engaged in retreading or rebuilding tires are classified in U.S. Industry 326212, Tire Retreading. ##326212 m 326212 Tire Retreading This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in retreading, or rebuilding tires. Repairing tires, such as pluggings--are classified in U.S. Industry 811198, All Other Automotive Repair and Maintenance; Retailing tires--are classified in Industry 441320, Tire Dealers; and Manufacturing tires and inner tubes from natural and synthetic rubber--are classified in U.S. Industry 326211, Tire Manufacturing (except Retreading). ##32622 32622 Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing See industry description for 326220 below. ##326220 326220 Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber hose and/or plastics (reinforced) hose and belting from natural and synthetic rubber and/or plastics resins. Establishments manufacturing garden hoses from purchased hose are included in this industry. Manufacturing rubber tubing--are classified in U.S. Industry 326299, All Other Rubber Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastics tubing--are classified in U.S. Industry 326121, Unlaminated Plastics Profile Shape Manufacturing; and Manufacturing fluid power hose assemblies--are classified in U.S. Industry 332912, Fluid Power Valve and Hose Fitting Manufacturing. ##32629 32629 Other Rubber Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber products (except tires, hoses, and belting) from natural and synthetic rubber. Manufacturing tires and inner tubes--are classified in Industry 32621, Tire Manufacturing; Manufacturing rubber hoses and belting--are classified in Industry 326220, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing; Rubberizing fabric--are classified in Industry 313320, Fabric Coating Mills; Manufacturing rubber gaskets, packing and sealing devices--are classified in Industry 33999, All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing; Manufacturing rubber gloves--are classified in Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing; Manufacturing rubber clothing accessories (e.g., bathing caps)--are classified in Industry 31599, Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing; and Manufacturing rubber toys--are classified in Industry 33993, Doll, Toy, and Game Manufacturing. ##326291 u 326291 Rubber Product Manufacturing for Mechanical Use This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in molding, extruding or lathe- cutting rubber to manufacture rubber goods (except tubing) for mechanical applications. Products of this industry are generally parts for motor vehicles, machinery, and equipment. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber tubing from natural and synthetic rubber and manufacturing rubber products for mechanical applications using a process other than molding, extruding or lathe-cutting are classified in U.S. Industry 326299, All Other Rubber Product Manufacturing. ##326299 u 326299 All Other Rubber Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing rubber products (except tires; hoses and belting; and molded, extruded, and lathe-cut rubber goods for mechanical applications) from natural and synthetic rubber. Manufacturing tires and inner tubes and tire rebuilding--are classified in Industry 32621, Tire Manufacturing; Manufacturing rubber hoses and belting--are classified in Industry 326220, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Belting Manufacturing; Molding, extruding, and lathe-cutting rubber to manufacture rubber goods (except tubing) for mechanical applications--are classified in Industry 326291, Rubber Product Manufacturing for Mechanical Use; Rubberizing fabrics--are classified in Industry 313320, Fabric Coating Mills; Manufacturing rubber gaskets, packing and sealing devices--are classified in U.S. Industry 339991, Gasket, Packing, and Sealing Device Manufacturing; Manufacturing rubber toys--are classified in Industry 33993, Doll, Toy, and Game Manufacturing; Manufacturing rubber gloves--are classified in U.S. Industry 339113, Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing; and Manufacturing rubber clothing accessories (e.g., bathing caps)--are classified in U.S. Industry 315999, Other Apparel Accessories and Other Apparel Manufacturing. ##327 327 Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing The Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing subsector transforms mined or quarried nonmetallic minerals, such as sand, gravel, stone, clay, and refractory materials, into products for intermediate or final consumption. Processes used include grinding, mixing, cutting, shaping, and honing. Heat often is used in the process and chemicals are frequently mixed to change the composition, purity, and chemical properties for the intended product. For example, glass is produced by heating silica sand to the melting point (sometimes combined with cullet or recycled glass) and then drawn, floated, or blow molded to the desired shape or thickness. Refractory materials are heated and then formed into bricks or other shapes for use in industrial applications. The Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing subsector includes establishments that manufacture products, such as bricks, refractories, ceramic products, and glass and glass products, such as plate glass and containers. Also included are cement and concrete products, lime, gypsum and other nonmetallic mineral products including abrasive products, ceramic plumbing fixtures, statuary, cut stone products, and mineral wool. The products are used in a wide range of activities from construction and heavy and light manufacturing to articles for personal use. Mining, beneficiating, and manufacturing activities often occur in a single location. Separate receipts will be collected for these activities whenever possible. When receipts cannot be broken out between mining and manufacturing, establishments that mine or quarry nonmetallic minerals, beneficiate the nonmetallic minerals and further process the nonmetallic minerals into a more finished manufactured product are classified based on the primary activity of the establishment. A mine that manufactures a small amount of finished products will be classified in Sector 21, Mining. An establishment that mines whose primary output is a more-finished manufactured product will be classified in the Manufacturing Sector. Excluded from the Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing subsector are establishments that primarily beneficiate mined nonmetallic minerals. Beneficiation is the process whereby the extracted material is reduced to particles that can be separated into mineral and waste, the former suitable for further processing or direct use. Beneficiation establishments are included in Sector 21, Mining. ##3271 3271 Clay Product and Refractory Manufacturing ##32711 32711 Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in shaping, molding, glazing, and firing pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures made entirely or partly of clay or other ceramic materials. Manufacturing ferrite microwave devices and electronic components--are classified in Subsector 334, Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing enameled iron and steel plumbing fixtures--are classified in Industry 33299, All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing metal bathroom accessories--are classified in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastic bathroom accessories, cultured marble, and other plastic plumbing fixtures--are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing clay building materials, such as ceramic tile, bricks, and clay roofing tiles, and refractories--are classified in Industry 32712, Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing. ##327111 u 327111 Vitreous China Plumbing Fixture and China and Earthenware Bathroom Accessories Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing vitreous china plumbing fixtures and china and earthenware bathroom accessories, such as faucet handles, towel bars, and soap dishes. Manufacturing enameled iron and steel plumbing fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 332998, Enameled Iron and Metal Sanitary Ware Manufacturing; Manufacturing metal bathroom accessories--are classified in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing plastic bathroom accessories--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing cultured marble and other plastic plumbing fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 326191, Plastics Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; and Manufacturing china and earthenware products (except bathroom fixtures and accessories)-- are classified in U.S. Industry 327112, Vitreous China, Fine Earthenware, and Other Pottery Product Manufacturing. ##327112 u 327112 Vitreous China, Fine Earthenware, and Other Pottery Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing table and kitchen articles, art and ornamental items, and similar vitreous china, fine earthenware, stoneware, coarse earthenware, and pottery products. Manufacturing vitreous china plumbing fixtures--are classified in U.S. Industry 327111, Vitreous China Plumbing Fixture and China and Earthenware Bathroom Accessories Manufacturing; Manufacturing porcelain and ceramic electrical products, such as insulators,--are classified in U.S. Industry 327113, Porcelain Electrical Supply Manufacturing; and Manufacturing clay building materials, such as ceramic tile, bricks, and clay roofing tiles, and refractories,--are classified in Industry 32712, Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing. ##327113 u 327113 Porcelain Electrical Supply Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing porcelain electrical insulators, molded porcelain parts for electrical devices, ferrite or ceramic magnets, and electronic and electrical supplies from nonmetallic minerals, such as clay and ceramic materials. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ferrite microwave devices and electronic components are classified in Subsector 334, Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing. ##32712 32712 Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in shaping, molding, baking, burning, or hardening clay refractories, nonclay refractories, ceramic tile, structural clay tile, brick, and other structural clay building materials. Manufacturing glass blocks--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing concrete brick and block--are classified in Industry 32733, Concrete Pipe, Brick, and Block Manufacturing; and Manufacturing resilient flooring--are classified in Industry 32619, Other Plastics Product Manufacturing. ##327121 u 327121 Brick and Structural Clay Tile Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing brick and structural clay tiles. Manufacturing clay fire brick (i.e., refractories)--are classified in U.S. Industry 327124, Clay Refractory Manufacturing; Manufacturing nonclay fire brick (i.e., refractories)--are classified in U.S. Industry 327125, Nonclay Refractory Manufacturing; Manufacturing glass brick--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing concrete bricks--are classified in U.S. Industry 327331, Concrete Block and Brick Manufacturing; and Manufacturing adobe bricks or clay roofing tiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 327123, Other Structural Clay Product Manufacturing. ##327122 u 327122 Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ceramic wall and floor tiles. Manufacturing structural clay tiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 327121, Brick and Structural Clay Tile Manufacturing; Manufacturing clay drain tiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 327123, Other Structural Clay Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing resilient flooring and asphalt floor tiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 326192, Resilient Floor Covering Manufacturing. ##327123 u 327123 Other Structural Clay Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing clay sewer pipe, drain tile, flue lining tile, architectural terra-cotta, and other structural clay products. Manufacturing bricks and structural clay tiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 327121, Brick and Structural Clay Tile Manufacturing; Manufacturing ceramic floor and wall tiles--are classified in U.S. Industry 327122, Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile Manufacturing; Manufacturing clay refractories--are classified in U.S. Industry 327124, Clay Refractory Manufacturing; and Manufacturing nonclay refractories--are classified in U.S. Industry 327125, Nonclay Refractory Manufacturing. ##327124 u 327124 Clay Refractory Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing clay refractory, mortar, brick, block, tile, and fabricated clay refractories, such as melting pots. A refractory is a material that will retain its shape and chemical identity when subjected to high temperatures and is used in applications that require extreme resistance to heat, such as furnace linings. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonclay refractories are classified in U.S. Industry 327125, Nonclay Refractory Manufacturing. ##327125 u 327125 Nonclay Refractory Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonclay refractory, mortar, brick, block, tile, and fabricated nonclay refractories such as graphite, magnesite, silica, or alumina crucibles. A refractory is a material that will retain its shape and chemical identity when subjected to high temperatures and is used in applications that require extreme resistance to heat, such as furnace linings. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing clay refractories are classified in U.S. Industry 327124, Clay Refractory Manufacturing. ##3272 3272 Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing ##32721 32721 Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing glass and/or glass products. Establishments in this industry may manufacture glass and/or glass products by melting silica sand or cullet, or purchasing glass. Manufacturing glass wool (i.e., fiberglass) insulation products--are classified in Industry 32799, All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing optical lenses (except ophthalmic), such as magnifying, photographic, and projection lenses,--are classified in Industry 33331, Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing; Grinding ophthalmic (i.e., eyeglass) lenses for the trade--are classified in Industry 33911, Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing; and Manufacturing fiber optic cable from purchased fiber optic strand--are classified in Industry 33592, Communication and Energy Wire and Cable Manufacturing. ##327211 m 327211 Flat Glass Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing flat glass by melting silica sand or cullet or (2) manufacturing both flat glass and laminated glass by melting silica sand or cullet. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing laminated glass from purchased flat glass are classified in U.S. Industry 327215, Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass. ##327212 u 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing glass by melting silica sand or cullet and making pressed, blown, or shaped glass or glassware (except glass packaging containers). Manufacturing flat glass--are classified in U.S. Industry 327211, Flat Glass Manufacturing; Manufacturing glass packaging containers in glassmaking operations--are classified in U.S. Industry 327213, Glass Container Manufacturing; Manufacturing glass wool (i.e., fiberglass) insulation--are classified in U.S. Industry 327993, Mineral Wool Manufacturing; Manufacturing glassware from purchased glass--are classified in U.S. Industry 327215, Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass; and Manufacturing fiber optic cable--are classified in U.S. Industry 335921, Fiber Optic Cable Manufacturing. ##327213 u 327213 Glass Container Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing glass packaging containers. ##327215 c 327215 Glass Product Manufacturing Made of Purchased Glass This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in coating, laminating, tempering, or shaping purchased glass. Manufacturing optical lenses (except ophthalmic), such as magnifying, photographic and projection lenses,--are classified in U.S. Industry 333314, Optical Instrument and Lens Manufacturing; Manufacturing ophthalmic (i.e., eyeglass) lenses--are classified in U.S. Industry 339115, Ophthalmic Goods Manufacturing; and Manufacturing fiber optic cable from purchased fiber optic strand--are classified in U.S. Industry 335921, Fiber Optic Cable Manufacturing. ##3273 3273 Cement and Concrete Product Manufacturing ##32731 32731 Cement Manufacturing See industry description for 327310 below. ##327310 327310 Cement Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing portland, natural, masonry, pozzalanic, and other hydraulic cements. Cement manufacturing establishments may calcine earths or mine, quarry, manufacture, or purchase lime. Mining or quarrying limestone--are classified in U.S. Industry 212312, Crushed and Broken Limestone Mining and Quarrying; Manufacturing lime--are classified in Industry 327410, Lime Manufacturing; Manufacturing ready-mix concrete--are classified in Industry 327320, Ready-Mix Concrete Manufacturing; and Manufacturing dry mix concrete--are classified in U.S. Industry 327999, All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing. ##32732 32732 Ready-Mix Concrete Manufacturing See industry description for 327320 below. ##327320 327320 Ready-Mix Concrete Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments, such as batch plants or mix plants, primarily engaged in manufacturing concrete delivered to a purchaser in a plastic and unhardened state. Ready-mix concrete manufacturing establishments may mine, quarry, or purchase sand and gravel. Operating sand or gravel pits--are classified in U.S. Industry 212321, Construction Sand and Gravel Mining; and Manufacturing dry mix concrete--are classified in U.S. Industry 327999, All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing. ##32733 32733 Concrete Pipe, Brick, and Block Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing concrete pipe, brick, and block. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing concrete products (except brick, block, and pipe) are classified in Industry 327390, Other Concrete Product Manufacturing. ##327331 u 327331 Concrete Block and Brick Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing concrete block and brick. ##327332 u 327332 Concrete Pipe Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing concrete pipe. ##32739 32739 Other Concrete Product Manufacturing See industry description for 327390 below. ##327390 c 327390 Other Concrete Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing concrete products (except block, brick, and pipe). Manufacturing concrete brick and block--are classified in U.S. Industry 327331, Concrete Block and Brick Manufacturing; and Manufacturing concrete pipe--are classified in U.S. Industry 327332, Concrete Pipe Manufacturing. ##3274 3274 Lime and Gypsum Product Manufacturing ##32741 32741 Lime Manufacturing See industry description for 327410 below. ##327410 327410 Lime Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing lime from calcitic limestone, dolomitic limestone, or other calcareous materials, such as coral, chalk, and shells. Lime manufacturing establishments may mine, quarry, collect, or purchase the sources of calcium carbonate. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing dolomite refractories are classified in U.S. Industry 327125, Nonclay Refractory Manufacturing. ##32742 32742 Gypsum Product Manufacturing See industry description for 327420 below. ##327420 327420 Gypsum Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing gypsum products such as wallboard, plaster, plasterboard, molding, ornamental moldings, statuary, and architectural plaster work. Gypsum product manufacturing establishments may mine, quarry, or purchase gypsum. Establishments primarily engaged in operating gypsum mines or quarries are classified in U.S. Industry 212399, All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining. ##3279 3279 Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing The Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing industry group comprises establishments manufacturing nonmetallic mineral products (except clay products, refractory products, glass products, cement and concrete products, lime, and gypsum products). ##32791 32791 Abrasive Product Manufacturing See industry description for 327910 below. ##327910 327910 Abrasive Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing abrasive grinding wheels of natural or synthetic materials, abrasive-coated products, and other abrasive products. Mining and cutting grindstones, pulpstones, and whetstones--are classified in U.S. Industry 212399, All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Mining; Manufacturing plastic scouring pads--are classified in U.S. Industry 326199, All Other Plastics Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing metallic scouring sponges and soap impregnated scouring pads--are classified in U.S. Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. ##32799 32799 All Other Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonmetallic mineral products (except pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures; clay building materials and refractories; glass and glass products; cement; ready-mix concrete; concrete products; lime; gypsum products; and abrasive products). Manufacturing pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures--are classified in Industry 32711, Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Mining or quarrying stone, earth, or other nonmetallic minerals--are classified in Industry Group 2123, Nonmetallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying; Buying and selling semifinished monuments and tombstones with no work other than polishing, lettering, or shaping to custom order--are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade; Manufacturing clay building materials and refractories--are classified in Industry 32712, Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing; Manufacturing glass and glass products--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing cement--are classified in Industry 327310, Cement Manufacturing; Mixing and delivering ready-mix concrete--are classified in Industry 327320, Ready-Mix Concrete Manufacturing; Manufacturing concrete pipe, brick, and block--are classified in Industry 32733, Concrete Pipe, Brick, and Block Manufacturing; Manufacturing concrete products (except pipe, brick, and block)--are classified in Industry 327390, Other Concrete Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing lime--are classified in Industry 327410, Lime Manufacturing; Manufacturing gypsum products--are classified in Industry 327420, Gypsum Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing abrasive products--are classified in Industry 327910, Abrasive Product Manufacturing; and Manufacturing metallic scouring pads and steel wool--are classified in Industry 33299, All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. ##327991 u 327991 Cut Stone and Stone Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in cutting, shaping, and finishing granite, marble, limestone, slate, and other stone for building and miscellaneous uses. Stone product manufacturing establishments may mine, quarry, or purchase stone. Mining or quarrying stone--are classified in Industry Group 2123, Nonmetallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying; and Buying and selling semifinished monuments and tombstones with no work other than polishing, lettering, or shaping to custom order--are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade or Sector 44-45, Retail Trade. ##327992 u 327992 Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in calcining, dead burning, or otherwise processing beyond beneficiation, clays, ceramic and refractory minerals, barite, and miscellaneous nonmetallic minerals. Establishments primarily engaged in crushing, grinding, pulverizing, washing, screening, sizing, or otherwise beneficiating mined clays, ceramics and refractory, and other miscellaneous nonmetallic minerals are classified in Industry Group 2123, Nonmetallic Mineral Mining and Quarrying. ##327993 u 327993 Mineral Wool Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing mineral wool and mineral wool (i.e., fiberglass) insulation products made of such siliceous materials as rock, slag, and glass or combinations thereof. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing metallic scouring pads and steel wool are classified in U.S. Industry 332999, All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. ##327999 u 327999 All Other Miscellaneous Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonmetallic mineral products (except pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures; clay building materials and refractories; glass and glass products; cement; ready-mix concrete; concrete products; lime; gypsum products; abrasive products; cut stone and stone products; ground and treated minerals and earth; and mineral wool). Manufacturing pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixtures--are classified in Industry 32711, Pottery, Ceramics, and Plumbing Fixture Manufacturing; Manufacturing clay building materials and refractories--are classified in Industry 32712, Clay Building Material and Refractories Manufacturing; Manufacturing glass and glass products--are classified in Industry 32721, Glass and Glass Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing cement--are classified in Industry 327310, Cement Manufacturing; Mixing and delivering ready-mix concrete--are classified in Industry 327320, Ready-Mix Concrete Manufacturing; Manufacturing concrete pipe, brick, and block--are classified in Industry 32733, Concrete Pipe, Brick, and Block Manufacturing; Manufacturing concrete products (except pipe, brick, and block)--are classified in Industry 327390, Other Concrete Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing lime--are classified in Industry 327410, Lime Manufacturing; Manufacturing gypsum products--are classified in Industry 327420, Gypsum Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing abrasives and abrasive products--are classified in Industry 327910, Abrasive Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing cut stone and stone products--are classified in U.S. Industry 327991, Cut Stone and Stone Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing ground and treated minerals and earth (i.e., not at the mine site)--are classified in U.S. Industry 327992, Ground or Treated Mineral and Earth Manufacturing; and Manufacturing mineral wool and fiberglass insulation products--are classified in U.S. Industry 327993, Mineral Wool Manufacturing. ##331 331 Primary Metal Manufacturing Industries in the Primary Metal Manufacturing subsector smelt and/or refine ferrous and nonferrous metals from ore, pig or scrap, using electrometallurgical and other process metallurgical techniques. Establishments in this subsector also manufacture metal alloys and superalloys by introducing other chemical elements to pure metals. The output of smelting and refining, usually in ingot form, is used in rolling, drawing, and extruding operations to make sheet, strip, bar, rod, or wire, and in molten form to make castings and other basic metal products. Primary manufacturing of ferrous and nonferrous metals begins with ore or concentrate as the primary input. Establishments manufacturing primary metals from ore and/or concentrate remain classified in the primary smelting, primary refining, or iron and steel mill industries regardless of the form of their output. Establishments primarily engaged in secondary smelting and/or secondary refining recover ferrous and nonferrous metals from scrap and/or dross. The output of the secondary smelting and/or secondary refining industries is limited to shapes, such as ingot or billet, that will be further processed. Recovery of metals from scrap often occurs in establishments that are primarily engaged in activities, such as rolling, drawing, extruding, or similar processes. Excluded from the Primary Metal Manufacturing subsector are establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing ferrous and nonferrous forgings (except ferrous forgings made in steel mills) and stampings. Although forging, stamping, and casting are all methods used to make metal shapes, forging and stamping do not use molten metals and are included in Subsector 332, Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing. Establishments primarily engaged in operating coke ovens are classified in Industry 32419, Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. ##3311 3311 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing ##33111 33111 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) direct reduction of iron ore; (2) manufacturing pig iron in molten or solid form; (3) converting pig iron into steel; (4) manufacturing ferroalloys; (5) making steel; (6) making steel and manufacturing shapes (e.g., bar, plate, rod, sheet, strip, wire); and (7) making steel and forming pipe and tube. Manufacturing nonferrous superalloys, such as cobalt or nickel-based superalloys,--are classified in Industry 33149, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; and Operating coke ovens--are classified in Industry 32419, Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. ##331111 u 331111 Iron and Steel Mills This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) direct reduction of iron ore; (2) manufacturing pig iron in molten or solid form; (3) converting pig iron into steel; (4) making steel; (5) making steel and manufacturing shapes (e.g., bar, plate, rod, sheet, strip, wire); and (6) making steel and forming tube and pipe. Manufacturing ferroalloys (i.e., alloying elements used to improve, strengthen, or otherwise alter the characteristics of steel)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331112, Electrometallurgical Ferroalloy Product Manufacturing; and Operating coke ovens--are classified in U.S. Industry 324199, All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. ##331112 u 331112 Electrometallurgical Ferroalloy Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing electrometallurgical ferroalloys. Ferroalloys add critical elements, such as silicon and manganese for carbon steel and chromium, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, and molybdenum for low- and high-alloy metals. Ferroalloys include iron-rich alloys and more pure forms of elements added during the steel manufacturing process that alter or improve the characteristics of the metal being made. Manufacturing electrometallurgical steel and iron-based superalloys--are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills; and Manufacturing nonferrous superalloys, such as cobalt or nickel-based superalloys,--are classified in U.S. Industry 331492, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum). ##3312 3312 Steel Product Manufacturing from Purchased Steel This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing iron and steel tube and pipe, drawing steel wire, and rolling or drawing shapes from purchased iron or steel. ##33121 33121 Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel See industry description for 331210 below. ##331210 331210 Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing welded, riveted, or seamless pipe and tube from purchased iron or steel. Establishments primarily engaged in making steel and further processing the steel into steel pipe and tube are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills. ##33122 33122 Rolling and Drawing of Purchased Steel This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in rolling and/or drawing steel shapes, such as plate, sheet, strip, rod, and bar, from purchased steel. Making steel and rolling and/or drawing steel--are classified in Industry 33111, Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing; and Manufacturing wire products from purchased wire--are classified in Industry 33261, Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing. ##331221 c 331221 Rolled Steel Shape Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in rolling or drawing shapes (except wire), such as plate, sheet, strip, rod, and bar, from purchased steel. Making steel and rolling or drawing steel shapes--are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills; and Drawing wire from purchased steel--are classified in U.S. Industry 331222, Steel Wire Drawing. ##331222 c 331222 Steel Wire Drawing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drawing wire from purchased steel. Making steel and drawing steel wire--are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills; and Manufacturing wire products, such as nails, spikes, and paper clips, from purchased steel wire--are classified in Industry 33261, Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing. ##3313 3313 Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing ##33131 33131 Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) refining alumina; (2) making (i.e., the primary production) aluminum from alumina; (3) recovering aluminum from scrap or dross; (4) alloying purchased aluminum; and (5) manufacturing aluminum primary forms (e.g., bar, foil, pipe, plate, rod, sheet, tube, wire). Manufacturing aluminum oxide abrasives and refractories--are classified in Subsector 327, Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; Sorting and breaking up scrap aluminum metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade; and Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage cans, and metals are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery Facilities. ##331311 u 331311 Alumina Refining This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in refining alumina (i.e., aluminum oxide) generally from bauxite. Manufacturing aluminum oxide abrasives and refractories--are classified in Subsector 327, Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing; and Making aluminum from alumina--are classified in U.S. Industry 331312, Primary Aluminum Production. ##331312 u 331312 Primary Aluminum Production This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) making aluminum from alumina and/or (2) making aluminum from alumina and rolling, drawing, extruding, or casting the aluminum they make into primary forms (e.g., bar, billet, ingot, plate, rod, sheet, strip). Establishments in this industry may make primary aluminum or aluminum-based alloys from alumina. Refining alumina--are classified in U.S. Industry 331311, Alumina Refining; and Recovering aluminum from scrap or alloying purchased aluminum--are classified in U.S. Industry 331314, Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum. ##331314 u 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) recovering aluminum and aluminum alloys from scrap and/or dross (i.e., secondary smelting) and making billet or ingot (except by rolling) and/or (2) manufacturing alloys, powder, paste, or flake from purchased aluminum. Making aluminum and/or aluminum alloys from alumina--are classified in U.S. Industry 331312, Primary Aluminum Production; Refining alumina--are classified in U.S. Industry 331311, Alumina Refining; Manufacturing aluminum sheet, plate, and foil from purchased aluminum or by recovering aluminum from scrap and flat rolling or continuous casting--are classified in U.S. Industry 331315, Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil Manufacturing; Manufacturing aluminum extruded products from purchased aluminum or by recovering aluminum from scrap and extruding--are classified in U.S. Industry 331316, Aluminum Extruded Product Manufacturing; Manufacturing rolled ingot or billet from purchased aluminum or by recovering aluminum from scrap and rolling or drawing--are classified in U.S. Industry 331319, Other Aluminum Rolling and Drawing; Sorting and breaking up scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 423930, Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; and Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery Facilities. ##331315 u 331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) flat rolling or continuous casting sheet, plate, foil and welded tube from purchased aluminum; and/or (2) recovering aluminum from scrap and flat rolling or continuous casting sheet, plate, foil, and welded tube in integrated mills. Establishments primarily engaged in making aluminum from alumina and flat rolling or continuous casting aluminum sheet, plate, foil, and welded tube are classified in U.S. Industry 331312, Primary Aluminum Production. ##331316 u 331316 Aluminum Extruded Product Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) extruding aluminum bar, pipe, and tube blooms or extruding or drawing tube from purchased aluminum; and/or (2) recovering aluminum from scrap and extruding bar, pipe, and tube blooms or drawing tube in integrated mills. Establishments primarily engaged in making aluminum from alumina and extruding aluminum bar, pipe, tube or tube blooms are classified in U.S. Industry 331312, Primary Aluminum Production. ##331319 u 331319 Other Aluminum Rolling and Drawing This U.S. Industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes (except flat rolled sheet, plate, foil, and welded tube; extruded rod, bar, pipe, and tube blooms; and drawn or extruded tube) from purchased aluminum and/or (2) recovering aluminum from scrap and rolling, drawing or extruding shapes (except flat rolled sheet, plate, foil, and welded tube; extruded rod, bar, pipe, and tube blooms; and drawn or extruded tube) in integrated mills. Flat rolling sheet, plate, foil, and welded tube from either purchased aluminum or by recovering aluminum from scrap and flat rolling or continuous casting--are classified in U.S. Industry 331315, Aluminum Sheet, Plate, and Foil Manufacturing; Extruding rod, bar, pipe, tube and tube blooms or drawing tube from purchased aluminum or by recovering aluminum from scrap and extruding--are classified in U.S. Industry 331316, Aluminum Extruded Product Manufacturing; and Making aluminum from alumina and making aluminum shapes--are classified in U.S. Industry 331312, Primary Aluminum Production. ##3314 3314 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Production and Processing ##33141 33141 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) smelting ores into nonferrous metals and/or (2) the primary refining of nonferrous metals (except aluminum) using electrolytic or other processes. Making aluminum from alumina or recovery of aluminum from scrap--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing; Recovering copper or copper alloys from scrap or dross and/or alloying, rolling, drawing, and extruding purchased copper--are classified in Industry 33142, Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) from scrap and/or alloying, rolling, drawing, and extruding purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum)--are classified in Industry 33149, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Mining and making copper and other nonferrous concentrates (including gold and silver bullion) using processes, such as solvent extraction or electrowinning,--are classified in Industry Group 2122, Metal Ore Mining; Sorting and breaking up scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade; and Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery Facilities. ##331411 m 331411 Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) smelting copper ore and/or (2) the primary refining of copper by electrolytic methods or other processes. Establishments in this industry make primary copper and copper-based alloys, such as brass and bronze, from ore or concentrates. Recovering copper or copper alloys from scrap and making primary forms and/or alloying purchased copper--are classified in U.S. Industry 331423, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Copper; Mining and making copper concentrates by processes, such as solvent extraction or electrowinning,--are classified in U.S. Industry 212234, Copper Ore and Nickel Ore Mining; Drawing copper wire (except mechanical) from purchased copper or recovering copper from scrap and drawing wire (except mechanical)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331422, Copper Wire (except Mechanical) Drawing; and Rolling, drawing, or extruding copper shapes (except communication and energy wire) from purchased copper or recovering copper from scrap and rolling, drawing, and extruding copper shapes--are classified in U.S. Industry 331421, Copper Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding. ##331419 m 331419 Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) making (i.e., the primary production) nonferrous metals by smelting ore and/or (2) the primary refining of nonferrous metals by electrolytic methods or other processes. Recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) from scrap and making primary forms and/or alloying purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331492, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum); Making aluminum from alumina--are classified in U.S. Industry 331312, Primary Aluminum Production; Primary smelting and primary refining of copper--are classified in U.S. Industry 331411, Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper; Mining and making copper and other nonferrous concentrates (including gold and silver bullion), by processes, such as solvent extraction or electrowinning,--are classified in Industry Group 2122, Metal Ore Mining; and Rolling, drawing, and/or extruding nonferrous metal shapes (except copper and aluminum) from purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) or by recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) and rolling, drawing, or extruding--are classified in U.S. Industry 331491, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding. ##33142 33142 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) recovering copper or copper alloys from scraps; (2) alloying purchased copper; (3) rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes, (e.g., bar, plate, sheet, strip, tube, wire) from purchased copper; and (4) recovering copper or copper alloys from scrap and rolling drawing, or extruding shapes (e.g., bar, plate, sheet, strip, tube, wire). Smelting copper ore, primary copper refining, and/or rolling, drawing or extruding primary copper made in the same establishment--are classified in Industry 33141, Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; Manufacturing wire products from purchased wire--are classified in Industry 33261, Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing; Insulating purchased copper wire--are classified in Industry 33592, Communication and Energy Wire and Cable Manufacturing; Sorting and breaking up scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade; Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery Facilities; Die-casting purchased copper--are classified in Industry 33152, Nonferrous Metal Foundries; and Recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) from scrap, and/or rolling, drawing, extruding, or alloying purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum)--are classified in Industry 33149, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying. ##331421 u 331421 Copper Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) rolling, drawing, and/or extruding shapes (e.g., bar, plate, sheet, strip, tube (except bare or insulated copper communication or energy wire), from purchased copper; and/or (2) recovering copper from scrap and rolling, drawing, and/or extruding shapes (e.g., bar, plate, sheet, strip, tube (except bare or insulated copper communication or energy wire, in integrated mills.)) Recovering copper or copper alloys from scrap and making primary forms and/or alloying purchased copper--are classified in U.S. Industry 331423, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Copper; Drawing copper wire (except mechanical) from purchased copper or recovering copper from scrap and drawing copper wire (except mechanical)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331422, Copper Wire (except Mechanical) Drawing; Die-casting purchased copper--are classified in U.S. Industry 331522, Nonferrous (except Aluminum) Die-Casting Foundries; Making primary copper and rolling, drawing, and/or extruding copper shapes (e.g., bar, plate, rod, sheet, strip)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331411, Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper; and Rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes from purchased nonferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) or recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) from scrap and rolling, drawing or extruding--are classified in U.S. Industry 331491, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding. ##331422 u 331422 Copper Wire (except Mechanical) Drawing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drawing or drawing and insulating communication and energy wire and cable from purchased copper or in integrated secondary smelting and wire drawing plants. Manufacturing copper mechanical wire from purchased copper or by recovering copper from scrap and drawing or extruding--are classified in U.S. Industry 331421, Copper Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Insulating purchased copper wire--are classified in U.S. Industry 335929, Other Communication and Energy Wire Manufacturing; Making primary copper and drawing copper wire--are classified in U.S. Industry 331411, Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper; and Manufacturing wire products from purchased copper wire--are classified in Industry 33261, Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing. ##331423 u 331423 Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Copper This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) recovering copper and copper alloys from scrap and/or (2) alloying purchased copper. Establishments in this industry make primary forms, such as ingot, wire bar, cake, and slab from copper or copper alloys, such as brass and bronze. Sorting and breaking up scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 423930, Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery Facilities; Smelting copper ore and/or the primary refining of copper--are classified in U.S. Industry 331411, Primary Smelting and Refining of Copper; Recovering copper and copper alloys from scrap and rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes--are classified in U.S. Industry 331421, Copper Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Recovering copper and copper alloys from scrap and drawing wire (except mechanical)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331422, Copper Wire (except Mechanical) Drawing; and Recovering nonferrous metals (except copper, aluminum) from scrap and making primary forms and/or alloying purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331492, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum). ##33149 33149 Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) and nonferrous metal alloys from scrap; (2) alloying purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum); (3) rolling, drawing, and extruding shapes from purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum); and (4) recovering nonferrous metals from scrap (except copper and aluminum) and rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes in integrated facilities. Rolling, drawing, and/or extruding aluminum or secondary smelting and alloying of aluminum--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing; Recovering copper and copper alloys from scrap, alloying purchased copper, rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes from purchased copper, and recovering copper or copper alloys from scrap and rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes in integrated mills--are classified in Industry 33142, Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying; Insulating purchased nonferrous wire--are classified in Industry 33592, Communication and Energy Wire and Cable Manufacturing; Making primary nonferrous metals and rolling, drawing, or extruding nonferrous metal shapes--are classified in Industry 33141, Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining; Manufacturing products from purchased wire--are classified in Industry 33261, Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing; Sorting and breaking up scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Sector 42, Wholesale Trade; and Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery Facilities. ##331491 u 331491 Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes (e.g., bar, plate, sheet, strip, tube) from purchased nonferrous metals) and/or (2) recovering nonferrous metals from scrap and rolling, drawing, and/or extruding shapes (e.g., bar, plate, sheet, strip, tube) in integrated mills. Rolling, drawing, and/or extruding shapes from purchased copper or recovering copper from scrap and rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes--are classified in U.S. Industry 331421, Copper Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) from scrap and making primary forms and/or alloying purchased nonferrous metals--are classified in U.S. Industry 331492, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum); Rolling, drawing, and/or extruding aluminum--are classified in Industry 33131, Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing; Making primary nonferrous metals and rolling, drawing, or extruding nonferrous metal shapes--are classified in U.S. Industry 331419, Primary Smelting and Refining of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum); and Insulating purchased nonferrous wire--are classified in U.S. Industry 335929, Other Communication and Energy Wire Manufacturing. ##331492 u 331492 Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) alloying purchased nonferrous metals and/or (2) recovering nonferrous metals from scrap. Establishments in this industry make primary forms (e.g., bar, billet, bloom, cake, ingot, slab, slug, wire) using smelting or refining processes. Recovering aluminum and aluminum alloys from scrap and/or alloying purchased aluminum--are classified in U.S. Industry 331314, Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum; Sorting and breaking up scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 423930, Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers; Recovering nonferrous metals from scrap and rolling, drawing, or extruding shapes in integrated facilities--are classified in U.S. Industry 331491, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding; Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery Facilities; and Recovering copper and copper alloys from scrap and making primary forms; and/or alloying purchased copper--are classified in U.S. Industry 331423, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Copper. ##3315 3315 Foundries This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten metal into molds or dies to form castings. Establishments making castings and further manufacturing, such as machining or assembling, a specific manufactured product are classified in the industry of the finished product. Foundries may perform operations, such as cleaning and deburring, on the castings they manufacture. More involved processes, such as tapping, threading, milling, or machining to tight tolerances, that transform castings into more finished products are classified elsewhere in the manufacturing sector based on the product being made. Establishments in this industry group make castings from purchased metals or in integrated secondary smelting and casting facilities. When the production of primary metals is combined with making castings, the establishment is classified in 331 with the primary metal being made. ##33151 33151 Ferrous Metal Foundries This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten iron and steel into molds of a desired shape to made castings. Establishments in this industry purchase iron and steel made in other establishments. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing iron or steel castings and further manufacturing them into finished products are classified based on the specific finished product. ##331511 c 331511 Iron Foundries This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten pig iron or iron alloys into molds to manufacture castings, (e.g., cast iron man-hole covers, cast iron pipe, cast iron skillets). Establishments in this industry purchase iron made in other establishments. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing iron castings and further manufacturing them into finished products are classified based on the specific finished product. ##331512 u 331512 Steel Investment Foundries This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing steel investment castings. Investment molds are formed by covering a wax shape with a refractory slurry. After the refractory slurry hardens, the wax is melted, leaving a seamless mold. Investment molds provide highly detailed, consistent castings. Establishments in this industry purchase steel made in other establishments. Manufacturing steel castings (except steel investment castings)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331513, Steel Foundries (except Investment); and Manufacturing steel investment castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are classified based on the specific finished product. ##331513 u 331513 Steel Foundries (except Investment) This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing steel castings (except steel investment castings). Establishments in this industry purchase steel made in other establishments. Manufacturing steel investment castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331512, Steel Investment Foundries; and Manufacturing steel castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are classified based on the specific finished product. ##33152 33152 Nonferrous Metal Foundries This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring and/or introducing molten nonferrous metal, under high pressure, into metal molds or dies to manufacture castings. Establishments in this industry purchase nonferrous metals made in other establishments. Manufacturing iron or steel castings--are classified in Industry 33151, Ferrous Metal Foundries; and Manufacturing nonferrous metal castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are classified based on the specific finished product. ##331521 u 331521 Aluminum Die-Casting Foundries This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in introducing molten aluminum, under high pressure, into molds or dies to make aluminum die-castings. Establishments in this industry purchase aluminum made in other establishments. Pouring molten aluminum into molds to manufacture aluminum castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331524, Aluminum Foundries (except Die-Casting); and Manufacturing aluminum die-castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are classified based on the specific finished product. ##331522 u 331522 Nonferrous (except Aluminum) Die-Casting Foundries This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in introducing molten nonferrous metal (except aluminum), under high pressure, into molds to make nonferrous metal die-castings. Establishments in this industry purchase nonferrous metals made in other establishments. Manufacturing aluminum die-castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331521, Aluminum Die-Casting Foundries; Pouring molten aluminum into molds to manufacture aluminum castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331524, Aluminum Foundries (except Die-Casting); Pouring molten copper into molds to manufacture copper castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331525, Copper Foundries (except Die-Casting); Pouring molten nonferrous metal (except copper and aluminum) into molds to manufacture nonferrous (except copper and aluminum) castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331528, Other Nonferrous Foundries (except Die-Casting); and Manufacturing nonferrous die-castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are classified based on the specific finished product. ##331524 u 331524 Aluminum Foundries (except Die-Casting) This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten aluminum into molds to manufacture aluminum castings. Establishments in this industry purchase aluminum made in other establishments. Manufacturing aluminum die-castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331521, Aluminum Die-Casting Foundries; and Manufacturing aluminum or aluminum alloy castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are classified based on the specific finished product. ##331525 u 331525 Copper Foundries (except Die-Casting) This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten copper into molds to manufacture copper castings. Establishments in this industry purchase copper made in other establishments. Manufacturing copper die-castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331522, Nonferrous (except Aluminum) Die-Casting Foundries; and Manufacturing copper castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are classified based on the specific finished product. ##331528 u 331528 Other Nonferrous Foundries (except Die-Casting) This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in pouring molten nonferrous metals (except aluminum and copper) into molds to manufacture nonferrous castings (except aluminum die-castings, nonferrous (except aluminum) die-castings, aluminum castings, and copper castings). Establishments in this industry purchase nonferrous metals, such as nickel, lead, and zinc, made in other establishments. Manufacturing aluminum die-castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331521, Aluminum Die-Casting Foundries; Manufacturing nonferrous (except aluminum) die-castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331522, Nonferrous (except Aluminum) Die-Casting Foundries; Pouring molten aluminum into molds to manufacture aluminum castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331524, Aluminum Foundries (except Die-Casting); Manufacturing copper castings--are classified in U.S. Industry 331525, Copper Foundries (except Die-Casting); and Manufacturing nonferrous castings and further manufacturing them into finished products--are classified based on the specific finished product. ##332 332 Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing Industries in the Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing subsector transform metal into intermediate or end products, other than machinery, computers and electronics, and metal furniture or treating metals and metal formed products fabricated elsewhere. Important fabricated metal processes are forging, stamping, bending, forming, and machining, used to shape individual pieces of metal; and other processes, such as welding and assembling, used to join separate parts together. Establishments in this subsector may use one of these processes or a combination of these processes. The NAICS structure for this subsector distinguishes the forging and stamping processes in a single industry. The remaining industries, in the subsector, group establishments based on similar combinations of processes used to make products. The manufacturing performed in the Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing subsector begins with manufactured metal shapes. The establishments in this sector further fabricate the purchased metal shapes into a product. For instance, the Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing industry starts with wire and fabricates such items. Within manufacturing there are other establishments that make the same products made by this subsector; only these establishments begin production further back in the production process. These establishments have a more integrated operation. For instance, one establishment may manufacture steel, draw it into wire, and make wire products in the same establishment. Such operations are classified in the Primary Metal Manufacturing subsector. ##3321 3321 Forging and Stamping ##33211 33211 Forging and Stamping This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing forgings from purchased metals; (2) manufacturing metal custom roll forming products; (3) manufacturing metal stamped and spun products (except automotive, cans, coins); and (4) manufacturing powder metallurgy products. Establishments making metal forgings, metal stampings, and metal spun products and further manufacturing (e.g., machining, assembling) a specific manufactured product are classified in the industry of the finished product. Metal forging, metal stamping, and metal spun products establishments may perform surface finishing operations, such as cleaning and deburring, on the products they manufacture. Manufacturing metal forgings in integrated primary metal establishments--are classified in Subsector 331, Primary Metal Manufacturing; Stamping automotive stampings--are classified in Industry 336370, Motor Vehicle Metal Stamping; Manufacturing and installing rolled formed seamless gutters at construction sites--are classified in Industry 238390, Other Building Finishing Contractors; and Stamping coins--are classified in Industry 33991, Jewelry and Silverware Manufacturing. ##332111 u 332111 Iron and Steel Forging This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing iron and steel forgings from purchased iron and steel by hammering mill shapes. Establishments making iron and steel forgings and further manufacturing (e.g., machining, assembling) a specific manufactured product are classified in the industry of the finished product. Iron and steel forging establishments may perform surface finishing operations, such as cleaning and deburring, on the forgings they manufacture. Manufacturing iron and steel forgings in integrated iron and steel mills--are classified in U.S. Industry 331111, Iron and Steel Mills; and Manufacturing nonferrous forgings--are classified in U.S. Industry 332112, Nonferrous Forging. ##332112 u 332112 Nonferrous Forging This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonferrous forgings from purchased nonferrous metals by hammering mill shapes. Establishments making nonferrous forgings and further manufacturing (e.g., machining, assembling) a specific manufactured product are classified in the industry of the finished product. Nonferrous forging establishments may perform surface finishing operations, such as cleaning and deburring, on the forgings they manufacture. Manufacturing iron and steel forgings--are classified in U.S. Industry 332111, Iron and Steel Forging; and Manufacturing nonferrous forgings in integrated primary or secondary nonferrous metal production facilities--are classified in Subsector 331, Primary Metal Manufacturing. ##332114 u 332114 Custom Roll Forming This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in custom roll forming metal products by use of rotary motion of rolls with various contours to bend or shape the products. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing and installing rolled formed seamless gutters at construction sites are classified in Industry 238390, Other Building Finishing Contractors. ##332115 u 332115 Crown and Closure Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in stamping metal crowns and closures, such as bottle caps and home canning lids and rings. ##332116 u 332116 Metal Stamping This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing unfinished metal stampings and spinning unfinished metal products (except crowns, cans, closures, automotive, and coins). Establishments making metal stampings and metal spun products and further manufacturing (e.g., machining, assembling) a specific product are classified in the industry of the finished product. Metal stamping and metal spun products establishments may perform surface finishing operations, such as cleaning and deburring, on the products they manufacture. Stamping automotive stampings--are classified in Industry 336370, Motor Vehicle Metal Stamping; Stamping metal crowns and closures--are classified in U.S. Industry 332115, Crown and Closure Manufacturing; Manufacturing metal cans--are classified in U.S. Industry 332431, Metal Can Manufacturing; and Stamping coins--are classified in U.S. Industry 339911, Jewelry (except Costume) Manufacturing. ##332117 u 332117 Powder Metallurgy Part Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing powder metallurgy products by compacting them in a shaped die and sintering. Establishments in this industry generally make a wide range of parts on a job or order basis. ##3322 3322 Cutlery and Handtool Manufacturing ##33221 33221 Cutlery and Handtool Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one or more of the following: (1) manufacturing nonprecious and precious plated metal cutlery and flatware; (2) manufacturing nonpowered hand and edge tools; (3) manufacturing nonpowered handsaws; (4) manufacturing saw blades, all types (including those for sawing machines); and (5) manufacturing metal kitchen utensils (except cutting-type) and pots and pans (except those manufactured by casting (e.g., cast iron skillets) or stamped without further fabrication). Manufacturing precious (except precious plated) metal cutlery and flatware--are classified in Industry 33991, Jewelry and Silverware Manufacturing; Manufacturing electric razors and hair clippers for use on humans--are classified in Industry 33521, Small Electrical Appliance Manufacturing; Manufacturing power hedge shears and trimmers and electric hair clippers for use on animals--are classified in Industry 33311, Agricultural Implement Manufacturing; Manufacturing metal cutting dies, attachments, and accessories for machine tools--are classified in Industry 33351, Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing; Manufacturing handheld power-driven handtools--are classified in Industry 33399, All Other General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing; and Manufacturing finished cast iron kitchen utensils (i.e., cast iron skillets) and castings for kitchen utensils, pots, and pans--are classified in Industry Group 3315, Foundries. ##332211 u 332211 Cutlery and Flatware (except Precious) Manufacturing This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonprecious and precious plated metal cutlery and flatware. Manufacturing precious (except precious plated) metal cutlery and flatware--are classified in U.S. Industry 339912, Silverware and Hollowware Manufacturing; Manufacturing electric razors and hair clippers for use on humans and housewares--are classified in U.S. Industry 335211, Electric Housewares and Household Fan Manufacturing; Manufacturing power hedge shears and trimmers and electric hair clippers for animal use-- are classified in U.S. Industry 333112, Lawn and Garden Tractor and Home Lawn and Garden Equipment Manufacturing; and Manufacturing nonelectric hair clippers for use on animals--are classified in U.S. Industry 332212, Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing. ##332212 u 332212 Hand and Edge Tool Manufacturing This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing nonpowered hand and edge tools (except saws). Manufacturing saw blades and handsaws--are classified in U.S. Industry 332213, Saw Blade and Handsaw Manufacturing; Manufacturing metal cutting dies, attachments, and accessories for machine tools--are classified in Industry 33351, Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing; Manufacturing handheld power