  
LONGITUDINAL RESEARCH DATABASE
PURPOSE
To provide
a longitudinal database that links establishment level data from several
censuses and surveys of manufacturers, and can respond to diverse economic
research priorities. The United States Code, Title 13, authorizes this
data program.
COVERAGE
All establishments
that are classified in SIC Division D, Manufacturing, and were in at least
one census of manufactures since 1963 or one annual survey of manufactures
(ASM) since 1972. For 1992, the Longitudinal Research Database (LRD) incorporated
data for over 378,000 manufacturing establishments and in non-census years
the total is about one-sixth that amount.
CONTENT
The LRD contains
data that identify individual establishments, and detail manufacturing
inputs and manufactured products. Identification data include permanent
plant and establishment numbers, Employer Identification Numbers (EINs),
industry codes, location, current status, and legal form of organization.
Input data include total employment, number of production workers, hours
worked, labor costs, materials costs, materials consumed, services and
energy used, inventory levels, depreciable assets, and capital expenditures.
Product data include receipts (value of shipments, value added, value
of resales); production details (5- or 7-SIC product codes, quantities
of production, value and quantity of products shipped, value and quantity
of interplant transfers, and internal consumption); and exports.
FREQUENCY
Continuously
since created in 1980. The LRD is updated annually with data from the
latest manufacturing census or ASM; data are posted about 2 years after
the census or survey reference period. The LRD is also linked to data
from other surveys (such as manufacturing energy consumption) as they
become available.
METHODS
A compilation
of establishment level data from the census of manufactures, the ASM,
and other sources; and linkage of data for each establishment for successive
periods of time. Each establishment is assigned a unique permanent plant
identification number that allows the linking of data across time, even
through major business, organization, ownership and other changes.
Data linked to the
LRD from other sources may include data from other surveys of manufacturers
(such as surveys of energy use, the generation of pollutants, pollution
abatement and control expenditures, and research and development expenditures),
and data from Federal program agencies (such as information that establishments
and companies submit to environmental protection or occupational safety
and health agencies).
LRD information is
confidential and all research is conducted by permanent and specially
sworn Census Bureau employees. Projects are selected with extensive policy
and professional consultation. All research is presently done at the Center
for Economic Studies (CES) in Suitland, Maryland, or at the Boston Research
Data Center (additional locations are under consideration).
PRODUCTS
The CES Monograph
series periodically presents completed LRD research results. The initial
report was, Diversification, and a second monograph, Job Creation
and Destruction will be published by the MIT Press.
The CES Discussion
Paper series periodically presents working papers based on LRD research.
The series began in 1988 and consists of over 90 papers, including those
on machine replacement, managerial tenure, and plant-level output prices.
Most papers are revised and submitted for journal or commercial publication.
Special Tabulations
of aggregated data from the LRD are prepared in response to specific requests
and on a reimbursable basis. CES Annual Reports identify all LRD-based
publications and work underway
USES
The CES uses
the data for ongoing research, including work on entrepreneurship; firms
and product markets; labor markets; growth and technical change; and international
issues. The Federal Reserve Board uses the data to examine the effects
of data aggregation on macroeconomic models. The World Bank uses it to
improve its Industrial Pollution Projection System. Researchers are using
the LRD to explore environmental regulation and productivity issues, how
U.S. competitiveness relates to foreign ownership and control of U.S.
productive capacity; and other issues.
SPECIAL FEATURES
Provides a
uniquely detailed and consistent database that links individual plants
and plant activities over several decades.
RELATED PROGRAMS
Census of Manufactures
Annual Survey of Manufactures
Industrial Products
Company Organization Survey
Pollution Abatement Costs and Expenditures Survey
Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey
EXPLORE INFORMATION
CONTINUE OVERVIEW
 Manufacturing Next Program
U.S. Economy Economy Overview
|
