Supplemental Measures of Material Well-Being: Expenditures, Consumption, and Poverty 1998 to 2001 (P23-201) [PDF - 181k]
Material and Financial Hardship and Alternative Poverty Measures [PDF - 78k]
Kathleen Short, U.S. Census Bureau (August 2003)
Personal Assessments of Minimum Income and Expenses; What do They Tell Us About 'Minimum Living' Thresholds and Equivalence Scales? [PDF - 1.1Mk]
Thesia Garner and Kathleen Short (July 2002)
Direct Measures of Poverty as Indicators of Economic Need: Evidence From The Survey of Income and Program Participation
Kurt Bauman, U.S. Census Bureau (November 1998)
"Enough for a Family to Live On?"-Questions from Members of the American Public and New Perspectives from British Social Scientists [PDF - 102k]
Gordon M. Fisher (November 2001)
Exploring the Use of the Views of the Public to Set Income Poverty Thresholds and Adjust Them Over Time [PDF - 388k]
Denton R. Vaughn (June 1993, Updated February 2004)