Illustration using formula 2: The standard error equals the square root of (begin parenthesis) (begin parenthesis) negative (begin parenthesis) 2,727 divided by 7,870,000 (end parenthesis) times 4,100,000 squared (end parenthesis) plus (begin parenthesis) 2,727 times 4,100,000 (end parenthesis) (end parenthesis) equals 73,184.