The U.S. Census Bureau currently collects data on veterans of the Armed Forces using three national surveys: American Community Survey (ACS), Current Population Survey (CPS), and Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). Data on veterans were also collected on the decennial census long-form prior to the 2010 Census.
Veterans' Racial and Ethnic Compositon and Place of Birth: 2011 [PDF - 638K]
How Do We Know? A Snapshot of Our Nation's Veterans
Facts for Features: Veterans Day 2012
Who Are Veterans in America? (Live on C-SPAN’s “Washington Journal”, the “America By the Numbers” segment May 25, 2012)