Table 20 A. Meeting Basic Needs by Social Characteristics:                                   39
Households with Difficulty Meeting Basic Needs Who Received Help, Received Help From Family,
Received Help From Friends, and Received Help From Others: 1998
(Numbers in thousands)

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|Characteristics           |          |  Any help  | Help from  | Help from  | Help from  |
|                          |          |  meeting   |family-basic|  friends-  |others-basic|
|                          |          |basic needs |   needs    |basic needs |   needs    |
|                          |  Total   |------------+------------+------------+------------|
|                          |Households|  Percent   |  Percent   |  Percent   |  Percent   |
|--------------------------+----------+------------+------------+------------+------------|
|Households with difficulty|          |            |            |            |            |
|  Total                   |    17,794|        19.2|         4.1|         1.3|         1.5|
|Age of householder        |          |            |            |            |            |
|  15 to 29                |     3,226|        21.2|         5.3|         1.3|         1.2|
|  30 to 44                |     7,591|        19.2|         3.8|         1.3|         1.4|
|  45 to 64                |     5,363|        18.1|         2.8|         1.2|         1.4|
|  65 or older             |     1,615|        18.5|         7.4|         1.5|         3.3|
|Sex of householder        |          |            |            |            |            |
|  Male                    |     8,106|        15.8|         3.1|         1.2|         1.1|
|  Female                  |     9,687|        22.0|         4.9|         1.4|         1.9|
|Race of householder       |          |            |            |            |            |
|  White                   |    13,349|        18.2|         4.0|         1.2|         1.2|
|  Black                   |     3,793|        22.3|         4.6|         1.5|         2.0|
|  Other                   |       652|        20.0|         2.9|         1.0|         6.4|
|Ethnicity of householder  |          |            |            |            |            |
|  Hispanic                |     2,312|        19.9|         2.8|         2.3|         1.8|
|  White non-Hispanic      |    11,317|        17.9|         4.1|         1.0|         1.2|
|Household structure       |          |            |            |            |            |
|  Non-family alone        |     4,476|        21.5|         5.3|         1.5|         2.1|
|  Non-family with others  |       734|        14.5|         3.3|         3.9|         0.8|
|  Married, no children    |     2,422|        14.6|         3.9|         0.3|         1.4|
|  Married with children   |     4,782|        14.5|         2.3|         0.7|         1.0|
|  Unmarried, no children  |     1,138|        20.7|         4.1|         1.8|         0.8|
|  Unmarried with children |     4,242|        25.0|         5.0|         1.7|         2.0|
|Householder disability    |          |            |            |            |            |
|  Disabled                |     3,412|        27.4|         3.9|         1.4|         2.3|
|  Not disabled            |    14,382|        17.2|         4.1|         1.3|         1.4|
|Health insurance coverage |          |            |            |            |            |
|  Not insured             |     7,410|        20.9|         3.6|         1.6|         0.8|
|  Insured                 |    10,384|        17.9|         4.4|         1.1|         2.0|
|Housing tenure            |          |            |            |            |            |
|  Home owner              |     8,215|        15.6|         3.6|         0.7|         1.2|
|  Renter                  |     9,579|        22.2|         4.5|         1.8|         1.8|
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Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Survey of Income and Program Participation, 1996 Panel, Wave 8