U.S. Department of Commerce
Current Population Survey (CPS)
A joint effort between the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Census Bureau

Annual Social and Economic (ASEC) Supplement


There is also additional background information for this table group.

Contents for Table

Table 3. Percent of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2009

    Percent Below Poverty Level
  Before taxes
  Money income  
Population Total
(thousands)		 Excluding capital gains (current measure)
Definition 1		 Definition 1 less government transfers
Definition 2		 Definition 2 plus capital gains (4)
Definition 3		 Definition 3 plus health insurance supplements to wage or salary income
Definition 4
Asian alone
All families 3592 9.4 14.7 14.7 14.2

Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 138 22.2 26.2 26.2 24.6
25 to 44 years 1628 8.9 10.4 10.4 10.0
45 to 54 years 828 8.8 11.6 11.6 10.6
55 to 64 years 569 5.5 11.4 11.4 11.4
65 years and over 428 13.4 37.3 37.3 37.2

Type of Family
Married-couple families 2888 7.9 13.1 13.1 12.7
  With related children
    under 18 		1635 8.9 11.0 11.0 10.5
  With related children
    under 6 		835 11.1 12.2 12.2 11.7
Male householder,
    no wife present 		257 12.6 16.7 16.7 16.4
Female householder,
    no husband present 		447 16.9 23.6 23.6 22.7
  With related children
    under 18 		248 22.5 28.8 28.8 27.3
  With related children
    under 6 		62 25.2 27.4 27.4 26.9

Region
Northeast 780 11.8 17.5 17.5 16.3
Midwest 430 12.7 15.6 15.6 15.1
South 811 8.7 11.0 11.0 10.7
West 1571 7.7 14.9 14.9 14.6

Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 281 24.4 40.1 40.1 37.6
High school graduate, no college 615 13.3 21.6 21.6 20.6
College: Less than bachelor's degree 653 11.7 16.9 16.9 16.6
Bachelor's degree or more 2043 5.4 8.4 8.4 8.3

Work Experience in 2009
Total, 15 to 64 years 3164 8.8 11.6 11.6 11.1
Worked at full-time jobs 2270 3.4 4.5 4.5 4.1
  50 to 52 weeks 1975 2.2 2.8 2.8 2.5
Worked at part-time jobs 317 16.4 20.8 20.8 19.2
Did not work 577 25.9 34.3 34.3 33.8

Number of Year-Round Full-Time Workers in the Family
No workers 768 32.4 53.1 53.1 52.4
  Householder 15 to 64 years 527 37.7 49.9 49.9 49.0
  Householder 65 years and over 241 21.0 60.2 60.2 59.9
One worker 1573 5.2 7.0 7.0 6.4
Two workers or more 1251 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.5

Program Participation Status of Family Members
One or more members received:
  Cash assistance 162 17.1 50.4 50.4 48.7
      Public assistance or welfare non-SSI 33 43.8 69.3 69.3 66.9
      SSI 132 10.1 45.3 45.3 43.2
  Food stamps 170 53.7 67.9 67.9 64.9
  Housing assistance 82 38.1 56.5 56.5 55.8
  Energy assistance 58 39.2 58.4 58.4 56.3
  Free or reduced-price school lunches 284 34.9 44.8 44.8 42.3
Family received
  both food stamps and cash assistance 47 37.5 72.7 72.7 66.8

Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan 2528 2.8 3.9 3.9 3.2
  Medicare 678 11.0 31.9 31.9 31.4
  Medicaid 736 23.2 35.2 35.2 33.9
No members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
      Medicaid 		485 20.1 21.9 21.9 21.9
  Health insurance 296 22.8 24.9 24.9 24.9
Family received
  Medicare and Medicaid 253 16.2 38.3 38.3 37.1

 

  Percent Below Poverty Level
After taxes
Definition 4 less Social Security payroll taxes
Definition 5		 Definition 5 less Federal income taxes
Definition 6		 Definition 6 plus Earned Income Tax Credit
Definition 7		 Definition 7 less state income taxes
Definition 8		 Definition 8 plus nonmeans- tested government cash transfers (5)
Definition 9
Asian alone
All families 14.8 14.3 13.3 13.2 8.6

Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 26.6 25.6 24.4 24.4 21.7
25 to 44 years 10.7 9.9 8.8 8.8 7.4
45 to 54 years 11.1 10.9 8.9 8.4 6.9
55 to 64 years 11.8 11.5 11.5 11.2 5.9
65 years and over 37.7 38.1 37.5 37.9 15.5

Type of Family
Married-couple families 13.2 12.7 11.8 11.7 7.0
  With related children
    under 18 		11.3 10.3 9.0 8.6 6.8
  With related children
    under 6 		13.1 11.2 9.6 9.3 8.7
Male householder,
    no wife present 		17.0 17.7 15.9 17.3 13.2
Female householder,
    no husband present 		23.7 23.3 21.0 20.5 16.4
  With related children
    under 18 		29.2 28.0 23.9 23.0 19.6
  With related children
    under 6 		30.0 26.9 23.0 23.0 20.8

Region
Northeast 16.8 16.4 15.5 15.0 10.0
Midwest 15.2 15.3 14.2 14.0 12.3
South 11.8 10.7 9.5 9.7 7.9
West 15.2 14.9 13.8 13.8 7.2

Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 39.6 37.6 34.1 35.4 22.9
High school graduate, no college 22.1 20.5 18.8 18.5 10.9
College: Less than bachelor's degree 16.8 17.1 16.2 16.2 11.7
Bachelor's degree or more 8.5 8.4 7.8 7.5 5.0

Work Experience in 2009
Total, 15 to 64 years 11.7 11.1 10.0 9.8 7.7
Worked at full-time jobs 4.5 4.2 3.4 3.2 2.3
  50 to 52 weeks 2.8 2.4 1.8 1.7 1.3
Worked at part-time jobs 21.5 19.6 16.1 15.5 12.9
Did not work 34.7 33.7 32.6 32.6 25.9

Number of Year-Round Full-Time Workers in the Family
No workers 54.1 52.9 50.8 50.7 32.4
  Householder 15 to 64 years 51.0 49.3 46.7 46.5 36.0
  Householder 65 years and over 60.7 60.7 59.9 59.9 24.5
One worker 7.0 6.5 5.0 4.8 3.4
Two workers or more 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5

Program Participation Status of Family Members
One or more members received:
  Cash assistance 48.7 50.2 46.7 45.3 30.6
      Public assistance or welfare non-SSI 66.9 72.5 65.3 62.8 47.4
      SSI 43.2 43.6 41.2 40.1 25.8
  Food stamps 68.2 65.9 60.7 56.9 47.0
  Housing assistance 56.6 55.8 52.8 57.3 35.7
  Energy assistance 58.4 56.3 47.9 42.0 31.9
  Free or reduced-price school lunches 44.8 43.0 34.8 34.8 28.0
Family received
  both food stamps and cash assistance 66.8 70.7 66.3 61.5 49.4

Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan 3.4 3.3 2.8 2.8 1.6
  Medicare 31.7 31.9 30.5 30.8 11.7
  Medicaid 34.8 34.0 29.7 29.6 21.5
No members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
      Medicaid 		24.0 22.5 21.4 21.0 19.3
  Health insurance 26.9 25.9 24.1 23.4 21.5
Family received
  Medicare and Medicaid 37.2 37.4 34.6 34.7 18.2

 

  Percent Below Poverty Level
After taxes
Definition 9 plus Medicare
Definition 10		 Definition 10 plus regular-price school lunches
Definition 11		 Definition 11 plus means-tested government cash transfers
Definition 12		 Definition 12 plus Medicaid
Definition 13		 Definition 13 plus other means-tested government noncash transfers
Definition 14
Asian alone
All families 8.4 8.4 7.8 7.6 6.7

Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 21.7 21.7 21.7 21.7 16.7
25 to 44 years 7.3 7.3 7.1 6.8 6.0
45 to 54 years 6.9 6.9 6.5 6.2 6.1
55 to 64 years 5.8 5.8 5.1 5.1 4.1
65 years and over 14.6 14.6 11.7 11.7 10.6

Type of Family
Married-couple families 6.8 6.8 6.5 6.3 5.4
  With related children
    under 18 		6.8 6.8 6.6 6.4 5.3
  With related children
    under 6 		8.7 8.7 8.6 8.4 7.1
Male householder,
    no wife present 		12.5 12.5 11.8 11.6 10.6
Female householder,
    no husband present 		16.4 16.4 14.1 13.7 12.7
  With related children
    under 18 		19.6 19.6 17.4 16.8 15.0
  With related children
    under 6 		20.8 20.8 20.8 20.8 18.1

Region
Northeast 9.7 9.7 9.6 9.3 7.8
Midwest 12.0 12.0 10.9 10.9 9.8
South 7.8 7.8 7.4 7.0 5.7
West 7.1 7.1 6.2 6.1 5.8

Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 22.3 22.3 19.6 19.6 14.4
High school graduate, no college 10.5 10.5 10.2 9.5 8.8
College: Less than bachelor's degree 11.7 11.7 10.5 10.3 9.1
Bachelor's degree or more 4.8 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.2

Work Experience in 2009
Total, 15 to 64 years 7.6 7.6 7.2 7.0 6.2
Worked at full-time jobs 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 1.9
  50 to 52 weeks 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1
Worked at part-time jobs 12.3 12.3 12.3 11.7 8.2
Did not work 25.8 25.8 24.2 23.9 21.8

Number of Year-Round Full-Time Workers in the Family
No workers 31.9 31.9 29.5 28.8 25.6
  Householder 15 to 64 years 36.0 36.0 34.5 33.4 29.7
  Householder 65 years and over 22.9 22.9 18.6 18.6 16.6
One worker 3.3 3.3 3.0 2.9 2.4
Two workers or more 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Program Participation Status of Family Members
One or more members received:
  Cash assistance 28.1 28.1 14.2 13.2 8.5
      Public assistance or welfare non-SSI 47.4 47.4 30.0 30.0 11.7
      SSI 22.8 22.8 9.9 8.7 7.6
  Food stamps 44.7 44.7 41.1 37.7 23.5
  Housing assistance 30.9 30.9 30.6 30.1 22.7
  Energy assistance 31.9 31.9 28.8 28.8 20.5
  Free or reduced-price school lunches 27.9 27.9 25.0 23.5 17.5
Family received
  both food stamps and cash assistance 41.0 41.0 28.0 24.6 16.7

Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.2
  Medicare 10.7 10.7 8.9 8.9 7.6
  Medicaid 20.9 20.9 17.8 16.7 13.2
No members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
      Medicaid 		19.3 19.3 19.3 19.3 18.6
  Health insurance 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 20.3
Family received
  Medicare and Medicaid 16.5 16.5 11.6 11.6 8.9

 

  Percent Below Poverty Level
After taxes
Definition 14 plus net imputed return on equity in own home
Definition 15		 Definition 14 less medical programs
Definition 14a		 Money Income after Taxes Without EIC
Definition 1a		 Money Income after Taxes With EIC
Definition 1b		 Money Income after Taxes With EIC plus Economic Recovery Payment (6)
Definition 1c
Asian alone
All families 6.2 6.9 9.6 8.3 8.3

Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 16.7 16.7 23.3 21.9 21.9
25 to 44 years 6.2 6.3 9.0 7.5 7.5
45 to 54 years 5.5 6.1 8.8 7.4 7.4
55 to 64 years 4.0 4.5 5.5 5.2 5.2
65 years and over 7.0 10.6 14.0 12.7 12.7

Type of Family
Married-couple families 5.0 5.6 8.1 6.8 6.8
  With related children
    under 18 		5.5 5.4 9.0 6.9 6.9
  With related children
    under 6 		7.8 7.1 11.1 8.7 8.7
Male householder,
    no wife present 		9.3 11.3 13.9 12.6 12.6
Female householder,
    no husband present 		12.1 12.7 16.6 15.2 15.2
  With related children
    under 18 		14.1 15.0 21.9 19.4 19.4
  With related children
    under 6 		18.1 18.1 24.6 24.2 24.2

Region
Northeast 7.8 7.8 11.7 10.1 10.1
Midwest 9.3 9.8 13.0 11.9 11.9
South 5.2 6.2 9.0 7.4 7.4
West 5.0 5.9 7.9 6.8 6.8

Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 11.4 14.4 24.4 20.4 20.4
High school graduate, no college 9.0 9.2 13.4 11.2 11.2
College: Less than bachelor's degree 8.6 9.1 11.9 10.8 10.8
Bachelor's degree or more 3.8 4.4 5.6 4.9 4.9

Work Experience in 2009
Total, 15 to 64 years 6.1 6.4 9.0 7.7 7.7
Worked at full-time jobs 1.8 1.9 3.5 2.6 2.6
  50 to 52 weeks 1.1 1.1 2.1 1.5 1.5
Worked at part-time jobs 8.4 9.4 17.0 12.9 12.9
Did not work 21.4 22.2 26.2 24.6 24.6

Number of Year-Round Full-Time Workers in the Family
No workers 23.3 26.1 32.7 30.2 30.2
  Householder 15 to 64 years 29.0 30.5 37.7 35.1 35.1
  Householder 65 years and over 11.0 16.6 21.8 19.5 19.5
One worker 2.2 2.5 5.2 3.6 3.6
Two workers or more 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.6

Program Participation Status of Family Members
One or more members received:
  Cash assistance 7.5 8.5 17.0 15.5 15.5
      Public assistance or welfare non-SSI 11.7 11.7 43.1 35.7 35.7
      SSI 6.4 7.6 10.1 10.1 10.1
  Food stamps 25.1 24.7 53.4 43.7 43.7
  Housing assistance 22.7 22.7 37.8 30.9 30.9
  Energy assistance 17.4 20.5 39.2 28.8 28.8
  Free or reduced-price school lunches 19.1 17.6 34.5 26.5 26.5
Family received
  both food stamps and cash assistance 17.6 16.7 37.0 32.5 32.5

Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan 1.2 1.2 2.9 2.1 2.1
  Medicare 5.9 8.3 11.6 9.9 9.9
  Medicaid 13.3 13.6 23.1 18.7 18.7
No members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
      Medicaid 		16.8 18.6 20.4 19.3 19.3
  Health insurance 17.7 20.3 23.3 21.5 21.5
Family received
  Medicare and Medicaid 9.0 9.1 16.3 12.8 12.8

 

  Number Below Poverty Level
Definition 1 Definition 2 Definition 3 Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6 Definition 7
Asian alone
All families 337 526 526 509 531 515 476

Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 31 36 36 34 37 35 34
25 to 44 years 145 169 169 163 175 161 143
45 to 54 years 73 96 96 88 92 90 73
55 to 64 years 31 65 65 65 67 66 66
65 years and over 58 160 160 159 161 163 161

Type of Family
Married-couple families 230 378 378 366 382 366 341
  With related children
    under 18 		145 180 180 171 185 169 147
  With related children
    under 6 		93 102 102 98 109 94 81
Male householder,
    no wife present 		32 43 43 42 44 46 41
Female householder,
    no husband present 		76 105 105 101 106 104 94
  With related children
    under 18 		56 71 71 68 72 69 59
  With related children
    under 6 		16 17 17 17 19 17 14

Region
Northeast 92 136 136 127 131 128 121
Midwest 55 67 67 65 65 66 61
South 71 89 89 87 96 87 77
West 120 234 234 230 239 235 217

Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 68 113 113 106 111 106 96
High school graduate, no college 82 133 133 127 136 126 116
College: Less than bachelor's degree 76 110 110 108 110 112 106
Bachelor's degree or more 111 171 171 169 175 172 159

Work Experience in 2009
Total, 15 to 64 years 280 366 366 350 370 352 315
Worked at full-time jobs 78 102 102 94 102 95 76
  50 to 52 weeks 44 54 54 49 55 48 35
Worked at part-time jobs 52 66 66 61 68 62 51
Did not work 150 198 198 195 200 195 188

Number of Year-Round Full-Time Workers in the Family
No workers 249 408 408 402 415 406 390
  Householder 15 to 64 years 199 263 263 258 269 259 246
  Householder 65 years and over 51 145 145 144 146 146 144
One worker 81 110 110 101 110 102 79
Two workers or more 7 8 8 6 6 8 7

Program Participation Status of Family Members
One or more members received:
  Cash assistance 28 82 82 79 79 81 76
      Public assistance or welfare non-SSI 14 23 23 22 22 24 21
      SSI 13 60 60 57 57 58 54
  Food stamps 91 116 116 110 116 112 103
  Housing assistance 31 46 46 46 46 46 43
  Energy assistance 23 34 34 33 34 33 28
  Free or reduced-price school lunches 99 127 127 120 127 122 99
Family received
  both food stamps and cash assistance 18 34 34 31 31 33 31

Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan 70 99 99 81 85 83 72
  Medicare 74 216 216 213 215 216 207
  Medicaid 170 259 259 250 256 250 219
No members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
      Medicaid 		98 106 106 106 116 109 104
  Health insurance 67 74 74 74 79 77 71
Family received
  Medicare and Medicaid 41 97 97 94 94 94 87

 

  Number Below Poverty Level
Definition 8 Definition 9 Definition 10 Definition 11 Definition 12 Definition 13
Asian alone
All families 473 309 302 302 280 272

Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 34 30 30 30 30 30
25 to 44 years 143 121 119 119 116 111
45 to 54 years 70 57 57 57 54 52
55 to 64 years 64 33 33 33 29 29
65 years and over 162 67 62 62 50 50

Type of Family
Married-couple families 337 201 197 197 186 181
  With related children
    under 18 		140 112 111 111 108 104
  With related children
    under 6 		78 72 72 72 72 71
Male householder,
    no wife present 		44 34 32 32 30 30
Female householder,
    no husband present 		92 73 73 73 63 61
  With related children
    under 18 		57 48 48 48 43 42
  With related children
    under 6 		14 13 13 13 13 13

Region
Northeast 117 78 76 76 75 73
Midwest 60 53 51 51 47 47
South 79 64 64 64 60 56
West 217 114 112 112 98 96

Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 100 64 63 63 55 55
High school graduate, no college 114 67 64 64 62 58
College: Less than bachelor's degree 106 76 76 76 69 67
Bachelor's degree or more 154 101 99 99 93 91

Work Experience in 2009
Total, 15 to 64 years 310 242 240 240 229 222
Worked at full-time jobs 73 52 52 52 51 47
  50 to 52 weeks 33 25 25 25 25 25
Worked at part-time jobs 49 41 39 39 39 37
Did not work 188 149 149 149 140 138

Number of Year-Round Full-Time Workers in the Family
No workers 390 249 245 245 227 221
  Householder 15 to 64 years 245 190 189 189 182 176
  Householder 65 years and over 144 59 55 55 45 45
One worker 76 54 52 52 47 45
Two workers or more 7 6 6 6 6 6

Program Participation Status of Family Members
One or more members received:
  Cash assistance 74 50 46 46 23 21
      Public assistance or welfare non-SSI 21 16 16 16 10 10
      SSI 53 34 30 30 13 11
  Food stamps 97 80 76 76 70 64
  Housing assistance 47 29 25 25 25 25
  Energy assistance 24 19 19 19 17 17
  Free or reduced-price school lunches 99 79 79 79 71 67
Family received
  both food stamps and cash assistance 29 23 19 19 13 12

Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan 71 39 39 39 39 39
  Medicare 209 79 73 73 61 61
  Medicaid 218 158 154 154 131 123
No members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
      Medicaid 		102 94 94 94 94 94
  Health insurance 69 64 64 64 64 64
Family received
  Medicare and Medicaid 88 46 42 42 29 29

 

  Number Below Poverty Level
Definition 14 Definition 15 Definition 14a Definition 1a Definition 1b Definition 1c
Asian alone
All families 240 222 247 343 297 297

Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 23 23 23 32 30 30
25 to 44 years 98 101 102 147 122 122
45 to 54 years 50 45 50 73 61 61
55 to 64 years 23 23 26 31 29 29
65 years and over 45 30 46 60 54 54

Type of Family
Married-couple families 156 144 161 233 197 197
  With related children
    under 18 		87 90 88 147 112 112
  With related children
    under 6 		59 65 59 93 72 72
Male householder,
    no wife present 		27 24 29 36 32 32
Female householder,
    no husband present 		57 54 57 74 68 68
  With related children
    under 18 		37 35 37 54 48 48
  With related children
    under 6 		11 11 11 15 15 15

Region
Northeast 61 61 61 91 79 79
Midwest 42 40 42 56 51 51
South 46 42 50 73 60 60
West 91 78 93 123 107 107

Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 41 32 41 68 57 57
High school graduate, no college 54 55 57 82 69 69
College: Less than bachelor's degree 60 56 60 78 71 71
Bachelor's degree or more 86 78 90 115 100 100

Work Experience in 2009
Total, 15 to 64 years 195 192 201 283 243 243
Worked at full-time jobs 43 42 43 78 60 60
  50 to 52 weeks 21 22 21 42 29 29
Worked at part-time jobs 26 27 30 54 41 41
Did not work 126 123 128 151 142 142

Number of Year-Round Full-Time Workers in the Family
No workers 197 179 201 251 232 232
  Householder 15 to 64 years 157 152 161 198 185 185
  Householder 65 years and over 40 26 40 53 47 47
One worker 38 35 40 82 57 57
Two workers or more 6 8 6 10 8 8

Program Participation Status of Family Members
One or more members received:
  Cash assistance 14 12 14 28 25 25
      Public assistance or welfare non-SSI 4 4 4 14 12 12
      SSI 10 8 10 13 13 13
  Food stamps 40 43 42 91 74 74
  Housing assistance 19 19 19 31 25 25
  Energy assistance 12 10 12 23 17 17
  Free or reduced-price school lunches 50 54 50 98 75 75
Family received
  both food stamps and cash assistance 8 8 8 17 15 15

Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan 31 31 31 73 54 54
  Medicare 52 40 56 79 67 67
  Medicaid 97 98 100 170 138 138
No members covered by:
  Employer-provided plan or Medicare or
      Medicaid 		90 81 90 99 94 94
  Health insurance 60 52 60 69 64 64
Family received
  Medicare and Medicaid 22 23 23 41 32 32

Race Footnotes

Income Definition Footnotes

Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Contact: Demographic Call Center Staff at 301-763-2422 or 1-866-758-1060 (toll free)
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