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Income
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Historical Income Tables - Experimental Measures
Table RDI-5. Index of Income Concentration (Gini Index), by Definition
of Income: 1979 to 2003
_____________________________________________________________________________
Definition 2003 2002 2001 2000 30/
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Income before taxes:
1. Money income excluding
capital gains (current
measure) 0.450 0.448 0.450 0.448
2. Definition 1 less govern-
ment transfers 0.507 0.504 0.503 0.501
3. Definition 2 plus capital
gains (losses) 0.503 0.501 0.515 0.513
4. Definition 3 plus health
insurance supplements to
wage or salary income 0.498 0.498 0.510 0.509
Income after taxes:
5. Definition 4 less social
security payroll taxes 0.502 0.500 0.517 0.516
6. Definition 5 less federal
income taxes 0.484 0.483 0.500 0.496
7. Definition 6 plus the
earned income credit 0.480 0.479 0.497 0.493
8. Definition 7 less state
income taxes 0.475 0.474 0.491 0.488
9. Definition 8 plus non-
means-tested government
cash transfers 0.420 0.419 0.438 0.435
10. Definition 9 plus medicare 0.408 0.407 0.424 0.423
11. Definition 10 plus regular-
price school lunches 0.408 0.407 0.424 0.423
12. Definition 11 plus means-
tested government cash
transfers 0.403 0.402 0.420 0.419
13. Definition 12 plus medicaid 0.399 0.399 0.416 0.416
14. Definition 13 plus other
means-tested government
noncash transfers 0.394 0.394 0.412 0.412
15. Definition 14 plus net
imputed return on equity
in own home 0.390 0.388 0.406 0.404
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Definition 1999 26/29/ 1998 1997 1996
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1. Money income excluding
capital gains (current
measure) 0.446 0.446 0.448 0.447
2. Definition 1 less govern-
ment transfers 0.500 0.500 0.504 0.505
3. Definition 2 plus capital
gains (losses) 0.514 0.513 0.516 0.515
4. Definition 3 plus health
insurance supplements to
wage or salary income 0.509 0.509 0.513 0.511
Income after taxes:
5. Definition 4 less social
security payroll taxes 0.516 0.514 0.517 0.516
6. Definition 5 less federal
income taxes 0.495 0.493 0.496 0.492
7. Definition 6 plus the
earned income credit 0.491 0.489 0.492 0.488
8. Definition 7 less state
income taxes 0.487 0.484 0.487 0.483
9. Definition 8 plus non-
means-tested government
cash transfers 0.433 0.431 0.431 0.429
10. Definition 9 plus medicare 0.421 0.419 0.419 0.416
11. Definition 10 plus regular-
price school lunches 0.421 0.419 0.418 0.416
12. Definition 11 plus means-
tested government cash
transfers 0.416 0.413 0.412 0.408
13. Definition 12 plus medicaid 0.414 0.411 0.409 0.405
14. Definition 13 plus other
means-tested government
noncash transfers 0.409 0.405 0.403 0.398
15. Definition 14 plus net
imputed return on equity
in own home 0.403 0.399 0.397 0.392
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Definition 1995 25/ 1994 24/ 1993 23/ 1992 22/
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Money income excluding
capital gains (current
measure) 0.444 0.450 0.448 0.430
2. Definition 1 less govern-
ment transfers 0.503 0.510 0.508 0.490
3. Definition 2 plus capital
gains (losses) 0.511 0.518 0.516 0.497
4. Definition 3 plus health
insurance supplements to
wage or salary income 0.509 0.515 0.514 0.497
Income after taxes:
5. Definition 4 less social
security payroll taxes 0.514 0.519 0.517 0.499
6. Definition 5 less federal
income taxes 0.490 0.496 0.494 0.478
7. Definition 6 plus the
earned income credit 0.486 0.492 0.492 0.476
8. Definition 7 less state
income taxes 0.481 0.487 0.487 0.471
9. Definition 8 plus non-
means-tested government
cash transfers 0.424 0.431 0.430 0.415
10. Definition 9 plus medicare 0.412 0.419 0.419 0.404
11. Definition 10 plus regular-
price school lunches 0.412 0.419 0.419 0.404
12. Definition 11 plus means-
tested government cash
transfers 0.404 0.410 0.409 0.395
13. Definition 12 plus medicaid 0.400 0.407 0.406 0.392
14. Definition 13 plus other
means-tested government
noncash transfers 0.394 0.400 0.398 0.385
15. Definition 14 plus net
imputed return on equity
in own home 0.388 0.395 0.395 0.381
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Definition 1991 1990 1989 1988
____________________________________________________________________________
1. Money income excluding
capital gains (current
measure) 0.425 0.426 0.429 0.425
2. Definition 1 less govern-
ment transfers 0.483 0.480 0.481 0.477
3. Definition 2 plus capital
gains (losses) 0.491 0.487 0.493 0.490
4. Definition 3 plus health
insurance supplements to
wage or salary income 0.490 0.487 0.492 0.489
Income after taxes:
5. Definition 4 less social
security payroll taxes 0.492 0.489 0.495 0.492
6. Definition 5 less federal
income taxes 0.471 0.468 0.473 0.469
7. Definition 6 plus the
earned income credit 0.470 0.466 0.472 0.468
8. Definition 7 less state
income taxes 0.464 0.461 0.465 0.461
9. Definition 8 plus non-
means-tested government
cash transfers 0.410 0.410 0.415 0.411
10. Definition 9 plus medicare 0.400 0.400 0.405 0.401
11. Definition 10 plus regular-
price school lunches 0.400 0.400 0.405 0.401
12. Definition 11 plus means-
tested government cash
transfers 0.391 0.392 0.398 0.394
13. Definition 12 plus medicaid 0.388 0.389 0.395 0.392
14. Definition 13 plus other
means-tested government
noncash transfers 0.380 0.382 0.389 0.385
15. Definition 14 plus net
imputed return on equity
in own home 0.379 0.381 0.387 0.384
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Definition 1987 21/ 1986 1985 20/ 1984
______________________________________________________________________________
1. Money income excluding
capital gains (current
measure) 0.424 0.423 0.418 0.413
2. Definition 1 less govern-
ment transfers 0.477 0.476 0.471 0.467
3. Definition 2 plus capital
gains (losses) 0.489 0.507 0.486 0.477
4. Definition 3 plus health
insurance supplements to
wage or salary income 0.488 0.505 0.486 0.477
Income after taxes:
5. Definition 4 less social
security payroll taxes 0.491 0.510 0.488 0.480
6. Definition 5 less federal
income taxes 0.466 0.489 0.466 0.458
7. Definition 6 plus the
earned income credit 0.465 0.488 0.466 0.458
8. Definition 7 less state
income taxes 0.458 0.483 0.460 0.453
9. Definition 8 plus non-
means-tested government
cash transfers 0.408 0.434 0.410 0.403
10. Definition 9 plus medicare 0.399 0.425 0.402 0.395
11. Definition 10 plus regular-
price school lunches 0.399 0.425 0.402 0.395
12. Definition 11 plus means-
tested government cash
transfers 0.391 0.417 0.394 0.387
13. Definition 12 plus medicaid 0.389 0.415 0.392 0.385
14. Definition 13 plus other
means-tested government
noncash transfers 0.382 0.409 0.385 0.378
15. Definition 14 plus net
imputed return on equity
in own home 0.380 0.404 0.381 0.372
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Definition 1983 19/ 1982 1981 1980
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1. Money income excluding
capital gains (current
measure) 0.412 0.409 0.404 0.401
2. Definition 1 less govern-
ment transfers 0.468 0.467 0.459 0.454
3. Definition 2 plus capital
gains (losses) 0.478 0.475 0.466 0.462
4. Definition 3 plus health
insurance supplements to
wage or salary income 0.478 0.475 0.466 0.462
Income after taxes:
5. Definition 4 less social
security payroll taxes 0.480 0.477 0.469 0.465
6. Definition 5 less federal
income taxes 0.457 0.451 0.440 0.436
7. Definition 6 plus the
earned income credit 0.456 0.451 0.439 0.436
8. Definition 7 less state
income taxes 0.451 0.446 0.434 0.430
9. Definition 8 plus non-
means-tested government
cash transfers 0.399 0.391 0.382 0.379
10. Definition 9 plus medicare 0.392 0.383 0.375 0.372
11. Definition 10 plus regular-
price school lunches 0.392 0.383 0.375 0.372
12. Definition 11 plus means-
tested government cash
transfers 0.383 0.375 0.366 0.363
13. Definition 12 plus medicaid 0.381 0.373 0.364 0.360
14. Definition 13 plus other
means-tested government
noncash transfers 0.374 0.366 0.358 0.354
15. Definition 14 plus net
imputed return on equity
in own home 0.368 0.359 0.350 0.347
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Definition 1979 18/
____________________________________________
1. Money income excluding
capital gains (current
measure) 0.403
2. Definition 1 less govern-
ment transfers 0.453
3. Definition 2 plus capital
gains (losses) 0.460
4. Definition 3 plus health
insurance supplements to
wage or salary income 0.460
Income after taxes:
5. Definition 4 less social
security payroll taxes 0.462
6. Definition 5 less federal
income taxes 0.436
7. Definition 6 plus the
earned income credit 0.434
8. Definition 7 less state
income taxes 0.429
9. Definition 8 plus non-
means-tested government
cash transfers 0.382
10. Definition 9 plus medicare 0.375
11. Definition 10 plus regular-
price school lunches 0.375
12. Definition 11 plus means-
tested government cash
transfers 0.367
13. Definition 12 plus medicaid 0.364
14. Definition 13 plus other
means-tested government
noncash transfers 0.359
15. Definition 14 plus net
imputed return on equity
in own home 0.352
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See separate page for
Footnotes
See separate page for
Suggested Citations
SOURCE: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, Annual Social and Economic Supplements
FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT:
Income Surveys Branch
Housing & Household Economic Statistics Division
U.S. Census Bureau
U.S. Department of Commerce
Washington, D.C. 20233-8500
Go to Historical Income Tables - Experimental Measures
Go to Historical Income Tables
Go to Income 2001
Go to Poverty Statistics
Contact the Demographic Call Center Staff at 301-763-2422 or 1-866-758-1060 (toll free) or visit
ask.census.gov for further information on Income Data.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Housing and Household Economic Statistics Division
Last Revised: September 21, 2009
