Industry and Occupation - View Census 2002 Classified Index of Occupations Mapped to SOC


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SOC CODE	OCCUPATION CODE	SOC TITLE	SOC DEFINITION
11-1011	001	Chief Executives	Determine and formulate policies and provide the overall direction of companies or private and public sector organizations within the guidelines set up by a board of directors or similar governing body. Plan, direct, or coordinate operational activities at the highest level of management with the help of subordinate executives and staff managers.
11-1021	002	General and Operations Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate the operations of companies or public and private sector organizations. Duties and responsibilities include formulating policies, managing daily operations, and planning the use of materials and human resources, but are too diverse and general in nature to be classified in any one functional area of management or administration, such as personnel, purchasing, or administrative services. Include owners and managers who head small business establishments whose duties are primarily managerial. Exclude "First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Retail Sales Workers" (41-1011) and workers in other small establishments.
11-1031	003	Legislators	Develop laws and statutes at the Federal, State, or local level. Include only elected officials.
11-2011	004	Advertising and Promotions Managers	Plan and direct advertising policies and programs or produce collateral materials, such as posters, contests, coupons, or give-aways, to create extra interest in the purchase of a product or service for a department, an entire organization, or on an account basis.
11-2021	005	Marketing Managers	Determine the demand for products and services offered by a firm and its competitors and identify potential customers. Develop pricing strategies with the goal of maximizing the firm's profits or share of the market while ensuring the firm's customers are satisfied. Oversee product development or monitor trends that indicate the need for new products and services.
11-2022	005	Sales Managers	Direct the actual distribution or movement of a product or service to the customer. Coordinate sales distribution by establishing sales territories, quotas, and goals and establish training programs for sales representatives. Analyze sales statistics gathered by staff to determine sales potential and inventory requirements and monitor the preferences of customers.
11-2031	006	Public Relations Managers	Plan and direct public relations programs designed to create and maintain a favorable public image for employer or client; or if engaged in fundraising, plan and direct activities to solicit and maintain funds for special projects and nonprofit organizations.
11-3011	010	Administrative Services Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate supportive services of an organization, such as recordkeeping, mail distribution, telephone operator/receptionist, and other office support services. May oversee facilities planning and maintenance and custodial operations. Exclude "Purchasing Managers" (11-3061).
11-3021	011	Computer and Information Systems Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as electronic data processing, information systems, systems analysis, and computer programming. Exclude "Computer Specialists" (15-1011 through 15-1099).
11-3031	012	Financial Managers	Plan, direct, and coordinate accounting, investing, banking, insurance, securities, and other financial activities of a branch, office, or department of an establishment.
11-3041	013	Compensation and Benefits Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate compensation and benefits activities and staff of an organization. Include job analysis and position description managers.
11-3042	013	Training and Development Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate the training and development activities and staff of an organization.
11-3049	013	Human Resources Managers, All Other	All Human Resources Managers not listed separately.
11-3051	014	Industrial Production Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate the work activities and resources necessary for manufacturing products in accordance with cost, quality, and quantity specifications.
11-3061	015	Purchasing Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of buyers, purchasing officers, and related workers involved in purchasing materials, products, and services. Include wholesale or retail trade merchandising managers and procurement managers.
11-3071	016	Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate transportation, storage, or distribution activities in accordance with governmental policies and regulations. Include logistics managers.
11-9011	020	Farm, Ranch, and Other Agricultural Managers	On a paid basis, manage farms, ranches, aquacultural operations, greenhouses, nurseries, timber tracts, cotton gins, packing houses, or other agricultural establishments for employers. Carry out production, financial, and marketing decisions relating to the managed operations following guidelines from the owner. May contract tenant farmers or producers to carry out the day-to-day activities of the managed operation. May supervise planting, cultivating, harvesting, and marketing activities. May prepare cost, production, and other records. May perform physical work and operate machinery.
11-9012	021	Farmers and Ranchers	On an ownership or rental basis, operate farms, ranches, greenhouses, nurseries, timber tracts, or other agricultural production establishments which produce crops, horticultural specialties, livestock, poultry, finfish, shellfish, or animal specialties. Include operators of cotton gins, packing houses, and other post-harvest operations. May plant, cultivate, harvest, perform post-harvest activities, and market crops and livestock; may hire, train, and supervise farm workers or supervise a farm labor contractor; may prepare cost, production, and other records. May maintain and operate machinery and perform physical work.
11-9021	022	Construction Managers	Plan, direct, coordinate, or budget, usually through subordinate supervisory personnel, activities concerned with the construction and maintenance of structures, facilities, and systems. Participate in the conceptual development of a construction project and oversee its organization, scheduling, and implementation. Include specialized construction fields, such as carpentry or plumbing. Include general superintendents, project managers, and constructors who manage, coordinate, and supervise the construction process.
11-9031	023	Education Administrators, Preschool and Child Care Center/Program	Plan, direct, or coordinate the academic and nonacademic activities of preschool and child care centers or programs. Exclude "Preschool Teachers" (25-2011).
11-9032	023	Education Administrators, Elementary and Secondary School	Plan, direct, or coordinate the academic, clerical, or auxiliary activities of public or private elementary or secondary level schools.
11-9033	023	Education Administrators, Postsecondary	Plan, direct, or coordinate research, instructional, student administration and services, and other educational activities at postsecondary institutions, including universities, colleges, and junior and community colleges.
11-9039	023	Education Administrators, All Other	All education administrators not listed separately.
11-9041	030	Engineering Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as architecture and engineering or research and development in these fields. Exclude "Natural Sciences Managers" (11-9121).
11-9051	031	Food Service Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of an organization or department that serves food and beverages.
11-9061	032	Funeral Directors	Perform various tasks to arrange and direct funeral services, such as coordinating transportation of body to mortuary for embalming, interviewing family or other authorized person to arrange details, selecting pallbearers, procuring official for religious rites, and providing transportation for mourners.
11-9071	033	Gaming Managers and Gaming Department Heads	Plan, organize, direct, control, or coordinate gaming operations in a casino. Formulate gaming policies for their area of responsibility.
11-9081	034	Lodging Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of an organization or department that provides lodging and other accommodations. Exclude "Food Service Managers" (11-9051) in lodging establishments.
11-9111	035	Medical and Health Services Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate medicine and health services in hospitals, clinics, managed care organizations, public health agencies, or similar organizations.
11-9121	036	Natural Sciences Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as life sciences, physical sciences, mathematics, statistics, and research and development in these fields. Exclude "Engineering Managers" (11-9041) and "Computer and Information Systems Managers" (11-3021).
11-9131	040	Postmasters and Mail Superintendents	Direct and coordinate operational, administrative, management, and supportive services of a U.S. post office; or coordinate activities of workers engaged in postal and related work in assigned post office.
11-9141	041	Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers	Plan, direct, or coordinate selling, buying, leasing, or governance activities of commercial, industrial, or residential real estate properties. Include managers of homeowner and condominium associations, rented or leased housing units, buildings, or land (including rights-of-way).
11-9151	042	Social and Community Service Managers	Plan, organize, or coordinate the activities of a social service program or community outreach organization. Oversee the program or organization's budget and policies regarding participant involvement, program requirements, and benefits. Work may involve directing social workers, counselors, or probation officers.
11-9199	043	Managers, All Other	All managers not listed separately.
13-1011	050	Agents and Business Managers of Artists, Performers, and Athletes	Represent and promote artists, performers, and athletes to prospective employers. May handle contract negotiation and other business matters for clients.
13-1021	051	Purchasing Agents and Buyers, Farm Products	Purchase farm products either for further processing or resale. Include Christmas tree contractors, grain brokers and market operators, grain buyers, and tobacco buyers.
13-1022	052	Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products	Buy merchandise or commodities, other than farm products, for resale to consumers at the wholesale or retail level, including both durable and nondurable goods. Analyze past buying trends, sales records, price, and quality of merchandise to determine value and yield. Select, order, and authorize payment for merchandise according to contractual agreements. May conduct meetings with sales personnel and introduce new products. Include assistant buyers.
13-1023	053	Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products	Purchase machinery, equipment, tools, parts, supplies, or services necessary for the operation of an establishment. Purchase raw or semi-finished materials for manufacturing. Include contract specialists, field contractors, purchasers, price analysts, tooling coordinators, and media buyers. Exclude "Purchasing Agents and Buyers, Farm Products" (13-1021) and "Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products" (13-1022).
13-1031	054	Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators	Review settled claims to determine that payments and settlements have been made in accordance with company practices and procedures, ensuring that proper methods have been followed. Report overpayments, underpayments, and other irregularities. Confer with legal counsel on claims requiring litigation.
13-1032	054	Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage	Appraise automobile or other vehicle damage to determine cost of repair for insurance claim settlement and seek agreement with automotive repair shop on cost of repair. Prepare insurance forms to indicate repair cost or cost estimates and recommendations.
13-1041	056	Compliance Officers, Except Agriculture, Construction, Health and Safety, and Transportation	Examine, evaluate, and investigate eligibility for or conformity with laws and regulations governing contract compliance of licenses and permits, and other compliance and enforcement inspection activities not classified elsewhere. Exclude "Tax Examiners, Collectors, and Revenue Agents" (13-2081) and "Financial Examiners" (13-2061).
13-1051	060	Cost Estimators	Prepare cost estimates for product manufacturing, construction projects, or services to aid management in bidding on or determining price of product or service. May specialize according to particular service performed or type of product manufactured.
13-1061	073	Emergency Management Specialists	Coordinate disaster response or crisis management activities, provide disaster preparedness training, and prepare emergency plans and procedures for natural (e.g., hurricanes, floods, earthquakes), wartime, or technological (e.g., nuclear power plant emergencies, hazardous materials spills) disasters or hostage situations.
13-1071	062	Employment, Recruitment, and Placement Specialists	Recruit and place workers.
13-1072	062	Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists	Conduct programs of compensation and benefits and job analysis for employer. May specialize in specific areas, such as position classification and pension programs.
13-1073	062	Training and Development Specialists	Conduct training and development programs for employees.
13-1079	062	Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations Specialists, All Other	All human resources, training, and labor relations specialists not listed separately.
13-1081	070	Logisticians	Analyze and coordinate the logistical functions of a firm or organization. Responsible for the entire life cycle of a product, including acquisition, distribution, internal allocation, delivery, and final disposal of resources.
13-1111	071	Management Analysts	Conduct organizational studies and evaluations, design systems and procedures, conduct work simplifications and measurement studies, and prepare operations and procedures manuals to assist management in operating more efficiently and effectively. Include program analysts and management consultants. Exclude "Computer Systems Analysts" (15-1051) and "Operations Research Analysts" (15-2031).
13-1121	072	Meeting and Convention Planners	Coordinate activities of staff and convention personnel to make arrangements for group meetings and conventions.
13-1199	073	Business Operations Specialists, All Other	All business operations specialists not listed separately.
13-2011	080	Accountants and Auditors	Examine, analyze, and interpret accounting records for the purpose of giving advice or preparing statements. Install or advise on systems of recording costs or other financial and budgetary data.
13-2021	081	Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate	Appraise real property to determine its fair value. May assess taxes in accordance with prescribed schedules.
13-2031	082	Budget Analysts	Examine budget estimates for completeness, accuracy, and conformance with procedures and regulations. Analyze budgeting and accounting reports for the purpose of maintaining expenditure controls.
13-2041	083	Credit Analysts	Analyze current credit data and financial statements of individuals or firms to determine the degree of risk involved in extending credit or lending money. Prepare reports with this credit information for use in decision-making.
13-2051	084	Financial Analysts	Conduct quantitative analyses of information affecting investment programs of public or private institutions.
13-2052	085	Personal Financial Advisors	Advise clients on financial plans utilizing knowledge of tax and investment strategies, securities, insurance, pension plans, and real estate. Duties include assessing clients' assets, liabilities, cash flow, insurance coverage, tax status, and financial objectives to establish investment strategies.
13-2053	086	Insurance Underwriters	Review individual applications for insurance to evaluate degree of risk involved and determine acceptance of applications.
13-2061	090	Financial Examiners	Enforce or ensure compliance with laws and regulations governing financial and securities institutions and financial and real estate transactions. May examine, verify correctness of, or establish authenticity of records.
13-2071	091	Loan Counselors	Provide guidance to prospective loan applicants who have problems qualifying for traditional loans. Guidance may include determining the best type of loan and explaining loan requirements or restrictions.
13-2072	091	Loan Officers	Evaluate, authorize, or recommend approval of commercial, real estate, or credit loans. Advise borrowers on financial status and methods of payments. Include mortgage loan officers and agents, collection analysts, loan servicing officers, and loan underwriters.
13-2081	093	Tax Examiners, Collectors, and Revenue Agents	Determine tax liability or collect taxes from individuals or business firms according to prescribed laws and regulations.
13-2082	094	Tax Preparers	Prepare tax returns for individuals or small businesses but do not have the background or responsibilities of an accredited or certified public accountant.
13-2099	095	Financial Specialists, All Other	All financial specialists not listed separately.
15-1011	100	Computer and Information Scientists, Research	Conduct research into fundamental computer and information science as theorists, designers, or inventors. Solve or develop solutions to problems in the field of computer hardware and software.
15-1021	101	Computer Programmers	Convert project specifications and statements of problems and procedures to detailed logical flow charts for coding into computer language. Develop and write computer programs to store, locate, and retrieve specific documents, data, and information. May program web sites.
15-1031	102	Computer Software Engineers, Applications	Develop, create, and modify general computer applications software or specialized utility programs. Analyze user needs and develop software solutions. Design software or customize software for client use with the aim of optimizing operational efficiency. May analyze and design databases within an application area, working individually or coordinating database development as part of a team. Exclude "Computer Hardware Engineers" (17-2061).
15-1032	102	Computer Software Engineers, Systems Software	Research, design, develop, and test operating systems-level software, compilers, and network distribution software for medical, industrial, military, communications, aerospace, business, scientific, and general computing applications. Set operational specifications and formulate and analyze software requirements. Apply principles and techniques of computer science, engineering, and mathematical analysis.
15-1041	104	Computer Support Specialists	Provide technical assistance to computer system users. Answer questions or resolve computer problems for clients in person, via telephone or from remote location. May provide assistance concerning the use of computer hardware and software, including printing, installation, word processing, electronic mail, and operating systems. Exclude "Network and Computer Systems Administrators" (15-1071).
15-1051	100	Computer Systems Analysts	Analyze science, engineering, business, and all other data processing problems for application to electronic data processing systems. Analyze user requirements, procedures, and problems to automate or improve existing systems and review computer system capabilities, workflow, and scheduling limitations. May analyze or recommend commercially available software. Exclude persons working primarily as "Engineers" (17-2011 through 17-2199), "Mathematicians" (15-2021), or "Scientists" (19-1011 through 19-3099). May supervise computer programmers.
15-1061	106	Database Administrators	Coordinate changes to computer databases, test and implement the database applying knowledge of database management systems. May plan, coordinate, and implement security measures to safeguard computer databases.
15-1071	110	Network and Computer Systems Administrators	Install, configure, and support an organization's local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and Internet system or a segment of a network system. Maintain network hardware and software. Monitor network to ensure network availability to all system users and perform necessary maintenance to support network availability. May supervise other network support and client server specialists and plan, coordinate, and implement network security measures. Exclude "Computer Support Specialists" (15-1041).
15-1081	111	Network Systems and Data Communications Analysts	Analyze, design, test, and evaluate network systems, such as local area networks (LAN), wide area networks (WAN), Internet, intranet, and other data communications systems. Perform network modeling, analysis, and planning. Research and recommend network and data communications hardware and software. Include telecommunications specialists who deal with the interfacing of computer and communications equipment. May supervise computer programmers.
15-1099	100	Computer Specialists, All Other	All computer specialists not listed separately.
15-2011	120	Actuaries	Analyze statistical data, such as mortality, accident, sickness, disability, and retirement rates and construct probability tables to forecast risk and liability for payment of future benefits. May ascertain premium rates required and cash reserves necessary to ensure payment of future benefits.
15-2021	121	Mathematicians	Conduct research in fundamental mathematics or in application of mathematical techniques to science, management, and other fields. Solve or direct solutions to problems in various fields by mathematical methods.
15-2031	122	Operations Research Analysts	Formulate and apply mathematical modeling and other optimizing methods using a computer to develop and interpret information that assists management with decision making, policy formulation, or other managerial functions. May develop related software, service, or products. Frequently concentrates on collecting and analyzing data and developing decision support software. May develop and supply optimal time, cost, or logistics networks for program evaluation, review, or implementation.
15-2041	123	Statisticians	Engage in the development of mathematical theory or apply statistical theory and methods to collect, organize, interpret, and summarize numerical data to provide usable information. May specialize in fields, such as bio-statistics, agricultural statistics, business statistics, economic statistics, or other fields. Include mathematical statisticians.
15-2099	124	Mathematical Scientists, All Other	All mathematical scientists not listed separately.
15-3011	124	Mathematical Technicians	Apply standardized mathematical formulas, principles, and methodology to technological problems in engineering and physical sciences in relation to specific industrial and research objectives, processes, equipment, and products.
17-1011	130	Architects, Except Landscape and Naval	Plan and design structures, such as private residences, office buildings, theaters, factories, and other structural property.
17-1012	130	Landscape Architects	Plan and design land areas for such projects as parks and other recreational facilities, airports, highways, hospitals, schools, land subdivisions, and commercial, industrial, and residential sites.
17-1021	131	Cartographers and Photogrammetrists	Collect, analyze, and interpret geographic information provided by geodetic surveys, aerial photographs, and satellite data. Research, study, and prepare maps and other spatial data in digital or graphic form for legal, social, political, educational, and design purposes. May work with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). May design and evaluate algorithms, data structures, and user interfaces for GIS and mapping systems.
17-1022	131	Surveyors	Make exact measurements and determine property boundaries. Provide data relevant to the shape, contour, gravitation, location, elevation, or dimension of land or land features on or near the earth's surface for engineering, mapmaking, mining, land evaluation, construction, and other purposes.
17-2011	132	Aerospace Engineers	Perform a variety of engineering work in designing, constructing, and testing aircraft, missiles, and spacecraft. May conduct basic and applied research to evaluate adaptability of materials and equipment to aircraft design and manufacture. May recommend improvements in testing equipment and techniques.
17-2021	133	Agricultural Engineers	Apply knowledge of engineering technology and biological science to agricultural problems concerned with power and machinery, electrification, structures, soil and water conservation, and processing of agricultural products.
17-2031	134	Biomedical Engineers	Apply knowledge of engineering, biology, and biomechanical principles to the design, development, and evaluation of biological and health systems and products, such as artificial organs, prostheses, instrumentation, medical information systems, and heath management and care delivery systems.
17-2041	135	Chemical Engineers	Design chemical plant equipment and devise processes for manufacturing chemicals and products, such as gasoline, synthetic rubber, plastics, detergents, cement, paper, and pulp, by applying principles and technology of chemistry, physics, and engineering.
17-2051	136	Civil Engineers	Perform engineering duties in planning, designing, and overseeing construction and maintenance of building structures, and facilities, such as roads, railroads, airports, bridges, harbors, channels, dams, irrigation projects, pipelines, power plants, water and sewage systems, and waste disposal units. Include architectural, structural, traffic, ocean, and geo-technical engineers. Exclude "Hydrologists" (19-2043).
17-2061	140	Computer Hardware Engineers	Research, design, develop, and test computer or computer-related equipment for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use. May supervise the manufacturing and installation of computer or computer-related equipment and components. Exclude "Computer Software Engineers, Applications" (15-1031) and "Computer Software Engineers, Systems Software" (15-1032).
17-2071	141	Electrical Engineers	Design, develop, test, or supervise the manufacturing and installation of electrical equipment, components, or systems for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use. Exclude "Computer Hardware Engineers" (17-2061).
17-2072	141	Electronics Engineers, Except Computer	Research, design, develop, and test electronic components and systems for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use utilizing knowledge of electronic theory and materials properties. Design electronic circuits and components for use in fields such as telecommunications, aerospace guidance and propulsion control, acoustics, or instruments and controls. Exclude "Computer Hardware Engineers" (17-2061).
17-2081	142	Environmental Engineers	Design, plan, or perform engineering duties in the prevention, control, and remediation of environmental health hazards utilizing various engineering disciplines. Work may include waste treatment, site remediation, or pollution control technology.
17-2111	143	Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors	Promote worksite or product safety by applying knowledge of industrial processes, mechanics, chemistry, psychology, and industrial health and safety laws. Include industrial product safety engineers.
17-2112	143	Industrial Engineers	Design, develop, test, and evaluate integrated systems for managing industrial production processes including human work factors, quality control, inventory control, logistics and material flow, cost analysis, and production coordination. Exclude "Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors" (17-2111).
17-2121	144	Marine Engineers and Naval Architects	Design, develop, and evaluate the operation of marine vessels, ship machinery, and related equipment, such as power supply and propulsion systems.
17-2131	145	Materials Engineers	Evaluate materials and develop machinery and processes to manufacture materials for use in products that must meet specialized design and performance specifications. Develop new uses for known materials. Include those working with composite materials or specializing in one type of material, such as graphite, metal and metal alloys, ceramics and glass, plastics and polymers, and naturally occurring materials. Include metallurgists and metallurgical engineers, ceramic engineers, and welding engineers.
17-2141	146	Mechanical Engineers	Perform engineering duties in planning and designing tools, engines, machines, and other mechanically functioning equipment. Oversee installation, operation, maintenance, and repair of such equipment as centralized heat, gas, water, and steam systems.
17-2151	150	Mining and Geological Engineers, Including Mining Safety Engineers	Determine the location and plan the extraction of coal, metallic ores, nonmetallic minerals, and building materials, such as stone and gravel. Work involves conducting preliminary surveys of deposits or undeveloped mines and planning their development; examining deposits or mines to determine whether they can be worked at a profit; making geological and topographical surveys; evolving methods of mining best suited to character, type, and size of deposits; and supervising mining operations.
17-2161	151	Nuclear Engineers	Conduct research on nuclear engineering problems or apply principles and theory of nuclear science to problems concerned with release, control, and utilization of nuclear energy and nuclear waste disposal.
17-2171	152	Petroleum Engineers	Devise methods to improve oil and gas well production and determine the need for new or modified tool designs. Oversee drilling and offer technical advice to achieve economical and satisfactory progress.
17-2199	153	Engineers, All Other	All engineers not listed separately.
17-3011	154	Architectural and Civil Drafters	Prepare detailed drawings of architectural and structural features of buildings or drawings and topographical relief maps used in civil engineering projects, such as highways, bridges, and public works. Utilize knowledge of building materials, engineering practices, and mathematics to complete drawings.
17-3012	154	Electrical and Electronics Drafters	Prepare wiring diagrams, circuit board assembly diagrams, and layout drawings used for manufacture, installation, and repair of electrical equipment in factories, power plants, and buildings.
17-3013	154	Mechanical Drafters	Prepare detailed working diagrams of machinery and mechanical devices, including dimensions, fastening methods, and other engineering information.
17-3019	154	Drafters, All Other	All drafters not listed separately.
17-3021	155	Aerospace Engineering and Operations Technicians	Operate, install, calibrate, and maintain integrated computer/communications systems consoles, simulators, and other data acquisition, test, and measurement instruments and equipment to launch, track, position, and evaluate air and space vehicles. May record and interpret test data.
17-3022	155	Civil Engineering Technicians	Apply theory and principles of civil engineering in planning, designing, and overseeing construction and maintenance of structures and facilities under the direction of engineering staff or physical scientists.
17-3023	155	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technicians	Apply electrical and electronic theory and related knowledge, usually under the direction of engineering staff, to design, build, repair, calibrate, and modify electrical components, circuitry, controls, and machinery for subsequent evaluation and use by engineering staff in making engineering design decisions. Exclude "Broadcast Technicians" (27-4012).
17-3024	155	Electro-mechanical Technicians	Operate, test, and maintain unmanned, automated, servo-mechanical, or electromechanical equipment. May operate unmanned submarines, aircraft, or other equipment at worksites, such as oil rigs, deep ocean exploration, or hazardous waste removal. May assist engineers in testing and designing robotics equipment.
17-3025	155	Environmental Engineering Technicians	Apply theory and principles of environmental engineering to modify, test, and operate equipment and devices used in the prevention, control, and remediation of environmental pollution, including waste treatment and site remediation. May assist in the development of environmental pollution remediation devices under direction of engineer.
17-3026	155	Industrial Engineering Technicians	Apply engineering theory and principles to problems of industrial layout or manufacturing production, usually under the direction of engineering staff. May study and record time, motion, method, and speed involved in performance of production, maintenance, clerical, and other worker operations for such purposes as establishing standard production rates or improving efficiency.
17-3027	155	Mechanical Engineering Technicians	Apply theory and principles of mechanical engineering to modify, develop, and test machinery and equipment under direction of engineering staff or physical scientists.
17-3029	155	Engineering Technicians, Except Drafters, All Other	All engineering technicians, except drafters, not listed separately.
17-3031	156	Surveying and Mapping Technicians	Perform surveying and mapping duties, usually under the direction of a surveyor, cartographer, or photogrammetrist to obtain data used for construction, mapmaking, boundary location, mining, or other purposes. May calculate mapmaking information and create maps from source data, such as surveying notes, aerial photography, satellite data, or other maps to show topographical features, political boundaries, and other features. May verify accuracy and completeness of topographical maps. Exclude "Surveyors" (17-1022), "Cartographers and Photogrammetrists" (17-1021), and "Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers" (19-2042).
19-1011	160	Animal Scientists	Conduct research in the genetics, nutrition, reproduction, growth, and development of domestic farm animals.
19-1012	160	Food Scientists and Technologists	Use chemistry, microbiology, engineering, and other sciences to study the principles underlying the processing and deterioration of foods; analyze food content to determine levels of vitamins, fat, sugar, and protein; discover new food sources; research ways to make processed foods safe, palatable, and healthful; and apply food science knowledge to determine best ways to process, package, preserve, store, and distribute food.
19-1013	160	Soil and Plant Scientists	Conduct research in breeding, physiology, production, yield, and management of crops and agricultural plants, their growth in soils, and control of pests; or study the chemical, physical, biological, and mineralogical composition of soils as they relate to plant or crop growth. May classify and map soils and investigate effects of alternative practices on soil and crop productivity.
19-1021	161	Biochemists and Biophysicists	Study the chemical composition and physical principles of living cells and organisms, their electrical and mechanical energy, and related phenomena. May conduct research to further understanding of the complex chemical combinations and reactions involved in metabolism, reproduction, growth, and heredity. May determine the effects of foods, drugs, serums, hormones, and other substances on tissues and vital processes of living organisms.
19-1022	161	Microbiologists	Investigate the growth, structure, development, and other characteristics of microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, algae, or fungi. Include medical microbiologists who study the relationship between organisms and disease or the effects of antibiotics on microorganisms.
19-1023	161	Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists	Study the origins, behavior, diseases, genetics, and life processes of animals and wildlife. May specialize in wildlife research and management, including the collection and analysis of biological data to determine the environmental effects of present and potential use of land and water areas.
19-1029	161	Biological Scientists, All Other	All biological scientists not listed separately.
19-1031	164	Conservation Scientists	Manage, improve, and protect natural resources to maximize their use without damaging the environment. May conduct soil surveys and develop plans to eliminate soil erosion or to protect rangelands from fire and rodent damage. May instruct farmers, agricultural production managers, or ranchers in best ways to use crop rotation, contour plowing, or terracing to conserve soil and water; in the number and kind of livestock and forage plants best suited to particular ranges; and in range and farm improvements, such as fencing and reservoirs for stock watering. Exclude "Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists" (19-1023) and "Foresters" (19-1032).
19-1032	164	Foresters	Manage forested lands for economic, recreational, and conservation purposes. May inventory the type, amount, and location of standing timber, appraise the timber's worth, negotiate the purchase, and draw up contracts for procurement. May determine how to conserve wildlife habitats, creek beds, water quality, and soil stability, and how best to comply with environmental regulations. May devise plans for planting and growing new trees, monitor trees for healthy growth, and determine the best time for harvesting. Develop forest management plans for public and privately-owned forested lands.
19-1041	165	Epidemiologists	Investigate and describe the determinants and distribution of disease, disability, and other health outcomes and develop the means for prevention and control.
19-1042	165	Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists	Conduct research dealing with the understanding of human diseases and the improvement of human health. Engage in clinical investigation or other research, production, technical writing, or related activities. Include medical scientists such as physicians, dentists, public health specialists, pharmacologists, and medical pathologists. Exclude practitioners who provide medical or dental care or dispense drugs.
19-2011	170	Astronomers	Observe, research, and interpret celestial and astronomical phenomena to increase basic knowledge and apply such information to practical problems.
19-2012	170	Physicists	Conduct research into the phases of physical phenomena, develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply laws and theories to industry and other fields.
19-2021	171	Atmospheric and Space Scientists	Investigate atmospheric phenomena and interpret meteorological data gathered by surface and air stations, satellites, and radar to prepare reports and forecasts for public and other uses. Include weather analysts and forecasters whose functions require the detailed knowledge of a meteorologist.
19-2031	172	Chemists	Conduct qualitative and quantitative chemical analyses or chemical experiments in laboratories for quality or process control or to develop new products or knowledge. Exclude "Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers" (19-2042) and "Biochemists and Biophysicists" (19-1021).
19-2032	172	Materials Scientists	Research and study the structures and chemical properties of various natural and manmade materials, including metals, alloys, rubber, ceramics, semiconductors, polymers, and glass. Determine ways to strengthen or combine materials or develop new materials with new or specific properties for use in a variety of products and applications. Include glass scientists, ceramic scientists, metallurgical scientists, and polymer scientists.
19-2041	174	Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health	Conduct research or perform investigation for the purpose of identifying, abating, or eliminating sources of pollutants or hazards that affect either the environment or the health of the population. Utilizing knowledge of various scientific disciplines may collect, synthesize, study, report, and take action based on data derived from measurements or observations of air, food, soil, water, and other sources. Exclude "Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists" (19-1023), "Conservation Scientists" (19-1031), "Forest and Conservation Technicians" (19-4093), "Fish and Game Wardens" (33-3031), and "Forest and Conservation Workers" (45-4011).
19-2042	174	Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers	Study the composition, structure, and other physical aspects of the earth. May use geological, physics, and mathematics knowledge in exploration for oil, gas, minerals, or underground water; or in waste disposal, land reclamation, or other environmental problems. May study the earth's internal composition, atmospheres, oceans, and its magnetic, electrical, and gravitational forces. Include mineralogists, crystallographers, paleontologists, stratigraphers, geodesists, and seismologists.
19-2043	174	Hydrologists	Research the distribution, circulation, and physical properties of underground and surface waters; study the form and intensity of precipitation, its rate of infiltration into the soil, movement through the earth, and its return to the ocean and atmosphere.
19-2099	176	Physical Scientists, All Other	All physical scientists not listed separately.
19-3011	180	Economists	Conduct research, prepare reports, or formulate plans to aid in solution of economic problems arising from production and distribution of goods and services. May collect and process economic and statistical data using econometric and sampling techniques. Exclude "Market Research Analysts" (19-3021).
19-3021	181	Market Research Analysts	Research market conditions in local, regional, or national areas to determine potential sales of a product or service. May gather information on competitors, prices, sales, and methods of marketing and distribution. May use survey results to create a marketing campaign based on regional preferences and buying habits.
19-3022	181	Survey Researchers	Design or conduct surveys. May supervise interviewers who conduct the survey in person or over the telephone. May present survey results to client. Exclude "Statisticians" (15-2041), "Economists" (19-3011), and "Market Research Analysts" (19-3021).
19-3031	182	Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychologists	Diagnose and treat mental disorders; learning disabilities; and cognitive, behavioral, and emotional problems using individual, child, family, and group therapies. May design and implement behavior modification programs.
19-3032	182	Industrial-Organizational Psychologists	Apply principles of psychology to personnel, administration, management, sales, and marketing problems. Activities may include policy planning; employee screening, training and development; and organizational development and analysis. May work with management to reorganize the work setting to improve worker productivity.
19-3039	182	Psychologists, All Other	All psychologists not listed separately.
19-3041	183	Sociologists	Study human society and social behavior by examining the groups and social institutions that people form, as well as various social, religious, political, and business organizations. May study the behavior and interaction of groups, trace their origin and growth, and analyze the influence of group activities on individual members.
19-3051	184	Urban and Regional Planners	Develop comprehensive plans and programs for use of land and physical facilities of local jurisdictions, such as towns, cities, counties, and metropolitan areas.
19-3091	186	Anthropologists and Archeologists	Study the origin, development, and behavior of humans. May study the way of life, language, or physical characteristics of existing people in various parts of the world. May engage in systematic recovery and examination of material evidence, such as tools or pottery remaining from past human cultures, in order to determine the history, customs, and living habits of earlier civilizations.
19-3092	186	Geographers	Study nature and use of areas of earth's surface, relating and interpreting interactions of physical and cultural phenomena. Conduct research on physical aspects of a region, including land forms, climates, soils, plants and animals, and conduct research on the spatial implications of human activities within a given area, including social characteristics, economic activities, and political organization, as well as researching interdependence between regions at scales ranging from local to global.
19-3093	186	Historians	Research, analyze, record, and interpret the past as recorded in sources, such as government and institutional records, newspapers and other periodicals, photographs, interviews, films, and unpublished manuscripts, such as personal diaries and letters.
19-3094	186	Political Scientists	Study the origin, development, and operation of political systems. Research a wide range of subjects, such as relations between the United States and foreign countries, the beliefs and institutions of foreign nations, or the politics of small towns or a major metropolis. May study topics, such as public opinion, political decision making, and ideology. May analyze the structure and operation of governments, as well as various political entities. May conduct public opinion surveys, analyze election results, or analyze public documents.
19-3099	186	Social Scientists and Related Workers, All Other	All social scientists and related workers not listed separately.
19-4011	190	Agricultural and Food Science Technicians	Work with agricultural scientists in food, fiber, and animal research, production, and processing; assist with animal breeding and nutrition work; under supervision, conduct tests and experiments to improve yield and quality of crops or to increase the resistance of plants and animals to disease or insects. Include technicians who assist food scientists or food technologists in the research, development, production technology, quality control, packaging, processing, and use of foods.
19-4021	191	Biological Technicians	Assist biological and medical scientists in laboratories. Set up, operate, and maintain laboratory instruments and equipment, monitor experiments, make observations, and calculate and record results. May analyze organic substances, such as blood, food, and drugs.
19-4031	192	Chemical Technicians	Conduct chemical and physical laboratory tests to assist scientists in making qualitative and quantitative analyses of solids, liquids, and gaseous materials for purposes, such as research and development of new products or processes, quality control, maintenance of environmental standards, and other work involving experimental, theoretical, or practical application of chemistry and related sciences.
19-4041	193	Geological and Petroleum Technicians	Assist scientists in the use of electrical, sonic, or nuclear measuring instruments in both laboratory and production activities to obtain data indicating potential sources of metallic ore, gas, or petroleum. Analyze mud and drill cuttings. Chart pressure, temperature, and other characteristics of wells or bore holes. Investigate and collect information leading to the possible discovery of new oil fields.
19-4051	194	Nuclear Technicians	Assist scientists in both laboratory and production activities by performing technical tasks involving nuclear physics, primarily in operation, maintenance, production, and quality control support activities.
19-4061	196	Social Science Research Assistants	Assist social scientists in laboratory, survey, and other social research. May perform publication activities, laboratory analysis, quality control, or data management. Normally these individuals work under the direct supervision of a social scientist and assist in those activities which are more routine. Exclude "Graduate Teaching Assistants" (25-1191) who both teach and do research.
19-4091	196	Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, Including Health	Performs laboratory and field tests to monitor the environment and investigate sources of pollution, including those that affect health. Under direction of an environmental scientist or specialist, may collect samples of gases, soil, water, and other materials for testing and take corrective actions as assigned.
19-4092	196	Forensic Science Technicians	Collect, identify, classify, and analyze physical evidence related to criminal investigations. Perform tests on weapons or substances, such as fiber, hair, and tissue to determine significance to investigation. May testify as expert witnesses on evidence or crime laboratory techniques. May serve as specialists in area of expertise, such as ballistics, fingerprinting, handwriting, or biochemistry.
19-4093	196	Forest and Conservation Technicians	Compile data pertaining to size, content, condition, and other characteristics of forest tracts, under direction of foresters; train and lead forest workers in forest propagation, fire prevention and suppression. May assist conservation scientists in managing, improving, and protecting rangelands and wildlife habitats, and help provide technical assistance regarding the conservation of soil, water, and related natural resources.
19-4099	196	Life, Physical, and Social Science Technicians, All Other	All life, physical, and social science technicians not listed separately.
21-1011	200	Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors	Counsel and advise individuals with alcohol, tobacco, drug, or other problems, such as gambling and eating disorders. May counsel individuals, families, or groups or engage in prevention programs. Exclude "Social Workers" (21-1021 through 21-1029), "Psychologists" (19-3031 through 19-3039), and "Mental Health Counselors" (21-1014) providing these services.
21-1012	200	Educational, Vocational, and School Counselors	Counsel individuals and provide group educational and vocational guidance services.
21-1013	200	Marriage and Family Therapists	Diagnose and treat mental and emotional disorders, whether cognitive, affective, or behavioral, within the context of marriage and family systems. Apply psychotherapeutic and family systems theories and techniques in the delivery of professional services to individuals, couples, and families for the purpose of treating such diagnosed nervous and mental disorders. Exclude "Social Workers" (21-1021 through 21-1029) and "Psychologists" of all types (19-3031 through 19-3039).
21-1014	200	Mental Health Counselors	Counsel with emphasis on prevention. Work with individuals and groups to promote optimum mental health. May help individuals deal with addictions and substance abuse; family, parenting, and marital problems; suicide; stress management; problems with self-esteem; and issues associated with aging and mental and emotional health. Exclude "Social Workers" (21-1021 through 21-1029), "Psychiatrists" (29-1066), and "Psychologists" (19-3031 through 19-3039).
21-1015	200	Rehabilitation Counselors	Counsel individuals to maximize the independence and employability of persons coping with personal, social, and vocational difficulties that result from birth defects, illness, disease, accidents, or the stress of daily life. Coordinate activities for residents of care and treatment facilities. Assess client needs and design and implement rehabilitation programs that may include personal and vocational counseling, training, and job placement.
21-1019	200	Counselors, All Other	All counselors not listed separately.
21-1021	201	Child, Family, and School Social Workers	Provide social services and assistance to improve the social and psychological functioning of children and their families and to maximize the family well-being and the academic functioning of children. May assist single parents, arrange adoptions, and find foster homes for abandoned or abused children. In schools, they address such problems as teenage pregnancy, misbehavior, and truancy. May also advise teachers on how to deal with problem children.
21-1022	201	Medical and Public Health Social Workers	Provide persons, families, or vulnerable populations with the psychosocial support needed to cope with chronic, acute, or terminal illnesses, such as Alzheimer's, cancer, or AIDS. Services include advising family care givers, providing patient education and counseling, and making necessary referrals for other social services.
21-1023	201	Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers	Assess and treat individuals with mental, emotional, or substance abuse problems, including abuse of alcohol, tobacco, and/or other drugs. Activities may include individual and group therapy, crisis intervention, case management, client advocacy, prevention, and education.
21-1029	201	Social Workers, All Other	All social workers not listed separately.
21-1091	202	Health Educators	Promote, maintain, and improve individual and community health by assisting individuals and communities to adopt healthy behaviors. Collect and analyze data to identify community needs prior to planning, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating programs designed to encourage healthy lifestyles, policies and environments. May also serve as a resource to assist individuals, other professionals, or the community, and may administer fiscal resources for health education programs.
21-1092	202	Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists	Provide social services to assist in rehabilitation of law offenders in custody or on probation or parole. Make recommendations for actions involving formulation of rehabilitation plan and treatment of offender, including conditional release and education and employment stipulations.
21-1093	202	Social and Human Service Assistants	Assist professionals from a wide variety of fields, such as psychology, rehabilitation, or social work, to provide client services, as well as support for families. May assist clients in identifying available benefits and social and community services and help clients obtain them. May assist social workers with developing, organizing, and conducting programs to prevent and resolve problems relevant to substance abuse, human relationships, rehabilitation, or adult daycare. Exclude "Rehabilitation Counselors" (21-1015), "Personal and Home Care Aides" (39-9021), "Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs" (43-4061), and "Psychiatric Technicians" (29-2053).
21-1099	202	Community and Social Service Workers, All Other	All community and social service specialists not listed separately.
21-2011	204	Clergy	Conduct religious worship and perform other spiritual functions associated with beliefs and practices of religious faith or denomination. Provide spiritual and moral guidance and assistance to members.
21-2021	205	Directors, Religious Activities and Education	Direct and coordinate activities of a denominational group to meet religious needs of students. Plan, direct, or coordinate church school programs designed to promote religious education among church membership. May provide counseling and guidance relative to marital, health, financial, and religious problems.
21-2099	206	Religious Workers, All Other	All religious workers not listed separately.
23-1011	210	Lawyers	Represent clients in criminal and civil litigation and other legal proceedings, draw up legal documents, and manage or advise clients on legal transactions. May specialize in a single area or may practice broadly in many areas of law.
23-1021	211	Administrative Law Judges, Adjuducators, and Hearing Officers	Conduct hearings to decide or recommend decisions on claims concerning government programs or other government-related matters and prepare decisions. Determine penalties or the existence and the amount of liability, or recommend the acceptance or rejection of claims, or compromise settlements.
23-1022	211	Arbitrators, Mediators, and Conciliators	Facilitate negotiation and conflict resolution through dialogue. Resolve conflicts outside of the court system by mutual consent of parties involved.
23-1023	211	Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrates	Arbitrate, advise, adjudicate, or administer justice in a court of law. May sentence defendant in criminal cases according to government statutes. May determine liability of defendant in civil cases. May issue marriage licenses and perform wedding ceremonies.
23-2011	214	Paralegals and Legal Assistants	Assist lawyers by researching legal precedent, investigating facts, or preparing legal documents. Conduct research to support a legal proceeding, to formulate a defense, or to initiate legal action.
23-2091	215	Court Reporters	Use verbatim methods and equipment to capture, store, retrieve, and transcribe pretrial and trial proceedings or other information. Include stenocaptioners who operate computerized stenographic captioning equipment to provide captions of live or prerecorded broadcasts for hearing-impaired viewers.
23-2092	215	Law Clerks	Assist lawyers or judges by researching or preparing legal documents. May meet with clients or assist lawyers and judges in court. Exclude "Lawyers" (23-1011) and "Paralegals and Legal Assistants" (23-2011).
23-2093	215	Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers	Search real estate records, examine titles, or summarize pertinent legal or insurance details for a variety of purposes. May compile lists of mortgages, contracts, and other instruments pertaining to titles by searching public and private records for law firms, real estate agencies, or title insurance companies.
23-2099	215	Legal Support Workers, All Other	All legal support workers not listed separately.
25-1011	220	Business Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in business administration and management, such as accounting, finance, human resources, labor relations, marketing, and operations research. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1021	220	Computer Science Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in computer science. May specialize in a field of computer science, such as the design and function of computers or operations and research analysis. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1022	220	Mathematical Science Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses pertaining to mathematical concepts, statistics, and actuarial science and to the application of original and standardized mathematical techniques in solving specific problems and situations. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1031	220	Architecture Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in architecture and architectural design, such as architectural environmental design, interior architecture/design, and landscape architecture. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1032	220	Engineering Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses pertaining to the application of physical laws and principles of engineering for the development of machines, materials, instruments, processes, and services. Include teachers of subjects, such as chemical, civil, electrical, industrial, mechanical, mineral, and petroleum engineering. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research. Exclude "Computer Science Teachers, Postsecondary" (25-1021).
25-1041	220	Agricultural Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in the agricultural sciences. Include teachers of agronomy, dairy sciences, fisheries management, horticultural sciences, poultry sciences, range management, and agricultural soil conservation. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1042	220	Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in biological sciences. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1043	220	Forestry and Conservation Science Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in environmental and conservation science. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research. Exclude "Agricultural Science Teachers" (25-1041).
25-1051	220	Atmospheric, Earth, Marine, and Space Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in the physical sciences, except chemistry and physics. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching, and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1052	220	Chemistry Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses pertaining to the chemical and physical properties and compositional changes of substances. Work may include instruction in the methods of qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching, and those who do a combination of both teaching and research. Exclude "Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary" (25-1042) who teach biochemistry.
25-1053	220	Environmental Science Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in environmental science. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1054	220	Physics Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses pertaining to the laws of matter and energy. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1061	220	Anthropology and Archeology Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in anthropology or archeology. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1062	220	Area, Ethnic, and Cultural Studies Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses pertaining to the culture and development of an area (e.g., Latin America), an ethnic group, or any other group (e.g., women's studies, urban affairs). Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1063	220	Economics Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in economics. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1064	220	Geography Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in geography. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1065	220	Political Science Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in political science, international affairs, and international relations. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1066	220	Psychology Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in psychology, such as child, clinical, and developmental psychology, and psychological counseling. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1067	220	Sociology Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in sociology. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1069	220	Social Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary, All Other	All postsecondary social sciences teachers not listed separately.
25-1071	220	Health Specialties Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in health specialties, such as veterinary medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, therapy, laboratory technology, and public health. Exclude "Nursing Instructors and Teachers, Postsecondary" (25-1072) and "Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary" (25-1042) who teach medical science.
25-1072	220	Nursing Instructors and Teachers, Postsecondary	Demonstrate and teach patient care in classroom and clinical units to nursing students. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1081	220	Education Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses pertaining to education, such as counseling, curriculum, guidance, instruction, teacher education, and teaching English as a second language. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1082	220	Library Science Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in library science. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1111	220	Criminal Justice and Law Enforcement Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in criminal justice, corrections, and law enforcement administration. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1112	220	Law Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in law. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1113	220	Social Work Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in social work. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1121	220	Art, Drama, and Music Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in drama, music, and the arts including fine and applied art, such as painting and sculpture, or design and crafts. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1122	220	Communications Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in communications, such as organizational communications, public relations, radio/television broadcasting, and journalism. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1123	220	English Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in English language and literature, including linguistics and comparative literature. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1124	220	Foreign Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in foreign (i.e., other than English) languages and literature. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1125	220	History Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in human history and historiography. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1126	220	Philosophy and Religion Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in philosophy, religion, and theology. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1191	220	Graduate Assistants, Teaching	Assist department chairperson, faculty members, or other professional staff members in college or university by performing teaching or teaching-related duties, such as teaching lower level courses, developing teaching materials, preparing and giving examinations, and grading examinations or papers. Graduate assistants must be enrolled in a graduate school program. Graduate assistants who primarily perform non-teaching duties, such as laboratory research, should be reported in the occupational category related to the work performed.
25-1192	220	Home Economics Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses in child care, family relations, finance, nutrition, and related subjects as pertaining to home management. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1193	220	Recreation and Fitness Studies Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach courses pertaining to recreation, leisure, and fitness studies, including exercise physiology and facilities management. Include both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of both teaching and research.
25-1194	220	Vocational Education Teachers, Postsecondary	Teach or instruct vocational or occupational subjects at the postsecondary level (but at less than the baccalaureate) to students who have graduated or left high school. Include correspondence school instructors; industrial, commercial and government training instructors; and adult education teachers and instructors who prepare persons to operate industrial machinery and equipment and transportation and communications equipment. Teaching may take place in public or private schools whose primary business is education or in a school associated with an organization whose primary business is other than education.
25-1199	220	Postsecondary Teachers, All Other	All postsecondary teachers not listed separately.
25-2011	230	Preschool Teachers, Except Special Education	Instruct children (normally up to 5 years of age) in activities designed to promote social, physical, and intellectual growth needed for primary school in preschool, day care center, or other child development facility. May be required to hold State certification. Exclude "Child Care Workers" (39-9011) and "Special Education Teachers" (25-2041 through 25-2043).
25-2012	230	Kindergarten Teachers, Except Special Education	Teach elemental natural and social science, personal hygiene, music, art, and literature to children from 4 to 6 years old. Promote physical, mental, and social development. May be required to hold State certification. Exclude "Special Education Teachers" (25-2041 through 25-2043).
25-2021	231	Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education	Teach pupils in public or private schools at the elementary level basic academic, social, and other formative skills. Exclude "Special Education Teachers" (25-2041 through 25-2043).
25-2022	231	Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Vocational Education	Teach students in public or private schools in one or more subjects at the middle, intermediate, or junior high level, which falls between elementary and senior high school as defined by applicable State laws and regulations. Exclude "Middle School Vocational Education Teachers" (25-2023) and "Special Education Teachers" (25-2041 through 25-2043).
25-2023	231	Middle School Vocational Education Teachers	Teach or instruct vocational or occupational subjects at the middle school level. Exclude "Special Education Teachers" (25-2041 through 25-2043)
25-2031	232	Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Vocational Education	Instruct students in secondary public or private schools in one or more subjects at the secondary level, such as English, mathematics, or social studies. May be designated according to subject matter specialty, such as typing instructors, commercial teachers, or English teachers. Exclude "Vocational Education Secondary School Teachers" (25-2032) and "Special Education Teachers" (25-2041 through 25-2043).
25-2032	232	Secondary School Vocational Education Teachers	Teach or instruct vocational or occupational subjects at the secondary school level.
25-2041	233	Special Education Teachers, Preschool, Kindergarten, and Elementary School	Teach elementary and preschool school subjects to educationally and physically handicapped students. Include teachers who specialize and work with audibly and visually handicapped students and those who teach basic academic and life processes skills to the mentally impaired.
25-2042	233	Special Education Teachers, Middle School	Teach middle school subjects to educationally and physically handicapped students. Include teachers who specialize and work with audibly and visually handicapped students and those who teach basic academic and life processes skills to the mentally impaired.
25-2043	233	Special Education Teachers, Secondary School	Teach secondary school subjects to educationally and physically handicapped students. Include teachers who specialize and work with audibly and visually handicapped students and those who teach basic academic and life processes skills to the mentally impaired.
25-3011	234	Adult Literacy, Remedial Education, and GED Teachers and Instructors	Teach or instruct out-of-school youths and adults in remedial education classes, preparatory classes for the General Educational Development test, literacy, or English as a Second Language. Teaching may or may not take place in a traditional educational institution.
25-3021	234	Self-Enrichment Education Teachers	Teach or instruct courses other than those that normally lead to an occupational objective or degree. Courses may include self-improvement, nonvocational, and nonacademic subjects. Teaching may or may not take place in a traditional educational institution.
25-3099	234	Teachers and Instructors, All Other	All teachers and instructors not listed separately.
25-4011	240	Archivists	Appraise, edit, and direct safekeeping of permanent records and historically valuable documents. Participate in research activities based on archival materials.
25-4012	240	Curators	Administer affairs of museum and conduct research programs. Direct instructional, research, and public service activities of institution.
25-4013	240	Museum Technicians and Conservators	Prepare specimens, such as fossils, skeletal parts, lace, and textiles, for museum collection and exhibits. May restore documents or install, arrange, and exhibit materials.
25-4021	243	Librarians	Administer libraries and perform related library services. Work in a variety of settings, including public libraries, schools, colleges and universities, museums, corporations, government agencies, law firms, non-profit organizations, and healthcare providers. Tasks may include selecting, acquiring, cataloguing, classifying, circulating, and maintaining library materials; and furnishing reference, bibliographical, and readers' advisory services. May perform in-depth, strategic research, and synthesize, analyze, edit, and filter information. May set up or work with databases and information systems to catalogue and access information.
25-4031	244	Library Technicians	Assist librarians by helping readers in the use of library catalogs, databases, and indexes to locate books and other materials; and by answering questions that require only brief consultation of standard reference. Compile records; sort and shelve books; remove or repair damaged books; register patrons; check materials in and out of the circulation process. Replace materials in shelving area (stacks) or files. Include bookmobile drivers who operate bookmobiles or light trucks that pull trailers to specific locations on a predetermined schedule and assist with providing services in mobile libraries.
25-9011	255	Audio-Visual Collections Specialists	Prepare, plan, and operate audio-visual teaching aids for use in education. May record, catalogue, and file audio-visual materials.
25-9021	255	Farm and Home Management Advisors	Advise, instruct, and assist individuals and families engaged in agriculture, agricultural-related processes, or home economics activities. Demonstrate procedures and apply research findings to solve problems; instruct and train in product development, sales, and the utilization of machinery and equipment to promote general welfare. Include county agricultural agents, feed and farm management advisers, home economists, and extension service advisors.
25-9031	255	Instructional Coordinators	Develop instructional material, coordinate educational content, and incorporate current technology in specialized fields that provide guidelines to educators and instructors for developing curricula and conducting courses. Include educational consultants and specialists, and instructional material directors.
25-9041	254	Teacher Assistants	Perform duties that are instructional in nature or deliver direct services to students or parents. Serve in a position for which a teacher or another professional has ultimate responsibility for the design and implementation of educational programs and services.
25-9099	255	Education, Training, and Library Workers, All Other	All education, training, and library workers not listed separately.
27-1011	260	Art Directors	Formulate design concepts and presentation approaches, and direct workers engaged in art work, layout design, and copy writing for visual communications media, such as magazines, books, newspapers, and packaging.
27-1012	260	Craft Artists	Create or reproduce hand-made objects for sale and exhibition using a variety of techniques, such as welding, weaving, pottery, and needlecraft.
27-1013	260	Fine Artists, Including Painters, Sculptors, and Illustrators	Create original artwork using any of a wide variety of mediums and techniques, such as painting and sculpture.
27-1014	260	Multi-Media Artists and Animators	Create special effects, animation, or other visual images using film, video, computers, or other electronic tools and media for use in products or creations, such as computer games, movies, music videos, and commercials.
27-1019	260	Artists and Related Workers, All Other	All artists and related workers not listed separately.
27-1021	263	Commercial and Industrial Designers	Develop and design manufactured products, such as cars, home appliances, and children's toys. Combine artistic talent with research on product use, marketing, and materials to create the most functional and appealing product design.
27-1022	263	Fashion Designers	Design clothing and accessories. Create original garments or design garments that follow well established fashion trends. May develop the line of color and kinds of materials.
27-1023	263	Floral Designers	Design, cut, and arrange live, dried, or artificial flowers and foliage.
27-1024	263	Graphic Designers	Design or create graphics to meet a client's specific commercial or promotional needs, such as packaging, displays, or logos. May use a variety of mediums to achieve artistic or decorative effects.
27-1025	263	Interior Designers	Plan, design, and furnish interiors of residential, commercial, or industrial buildings. Formulate design which is practical, aesthetic, and conducive to intended purposes, such as raising productivity, selling merchandise, or improving life style. May specialize in a particular field, style, or phase of interior design. Exclude "Merchandise Displayers and Window Trimmers" (27-1026).
27-1026	263	Merchandise Displayers and Window Trimmers	Plan and erect commercial displays, such as those in windows and interiors of retail stores and at trade exhibitions.
27-1027	263	Set and Exhibit Designers	Design special exhibits and movie, television, and theater sets. May study scripts, confer with directors, and conduct research to determine appropriate architectural styles.
27-1029	263	Designers, All Other	All designers not listed separately.
27-2011	270	Actors	Play parts in stage, television, radio, video, or motion picture productions for entertainment, information, or instruction. Interpret serious or comic role by speech, gesture, and body movement to entertain or inform audience. May dance and sing.
27-2012	271	Producers and Directors	Produce or direct stage, television, radio, video, or motion picture productions for entertainment, information, or instruction. Responsible for creative decisions, such as interpretation of script, choice of guests, set design, sound, special effects, and choreography.
27-2021	272	Athletes and Sports Competitors	Compete in athletic events.
27-2022	272	Coaches and Scouts	Instruct or coach groups or individuals in the fundamentals of sports. Demonstrate techniques and methods of participation. May evaluate athletes' strengths and weaknesses as possible recruits or to improve the athletes' technique to prepare them for competition. Those required to hold teaching degrees should be reported in the appropriate teaching category. Exclude "Athletic Trainers" (29-9091).
27-2023	272	Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials	Officiate at competitive athletic or sporting events. Detect infractions of rules and decide penalties according to established regulations. Include all sporting officials, referees, and competition judges.
27-2031	274	Dancers	Perform dances. May also sing or act.
27-2032	274	Choreographers	Create and teach dance. May direct and stage presentations.
27-2041	275	Music Directors and Composers	Conduct, direct, plan, and lead instrumental or vocal performances by musical groups, such as orchestras, choirs, and glee clubs. Include arrangers, composers, choral directors, and orchestrators.
27-2042	275	Musicians and Singers	Play one or more musical instruments or entertain by singing songs in recital, in accompaniment, or as a member of an orchestra, band, or other musical group. Musical performers may entertain on-stage, radio, TV, film, video, or record in studios. Exclude "Dancers" (27-2031).
27-2099	276	Entertainers and Performers, Sports and Related Workers, All Other	All entertainers and performers, sports and related workers not listed separately.
27-3011	280	Radio and Television Announcers	Talk on radio or television. May interview guests, act as master of ceremonies, read news flashes, identify station by giving call letters, or announce song title and artist.
27-3012	280	Public Address System and Other Announcers	Make announcements over loud speaker at sporting or other public events. May act as master of ceremonies or disc jockey at weddings, parties, clubs, or other gathering places.
27-3021	281	Broadcast News Analysts	Analyze, interpret, and broadcast news received from various sources.
27-3022	281	Reporters and Correspondents	Collect and analyze facts about newsworthy events by interview, investigation, or observation. Report and write stories for newspaper, news magazine, radio, or television. Exclude "Broadcast News Analysts" (27-3021).
27-3031	282	Public Relations Specialists	Engage in promoting or creating good will for individuals, groups, or organizations by writing or selecting favorable publicity material and releasing it through various communications media. May prepare and arrange displays, and make speeches.
27-3041	283	Editors	Perform variety of editorial duties, such as laying out, indexing, and revising content of written materials, in preparation for final publication. Include technical editors.
27-3042	284	Technical Writers	Write technical materials, such as equipment manuals, appendices, or operating and maintenance instructions. May assist in layout work.
27-3043	285	Writers and Authors	Originate and prepare written material, such as scripts, stories, advertisements, and other material. Exclude "Public Relations Specialists" (27-3031) and "Technical Writers" (27-3042).
27-3091	286	Interpreters and Translators	Translate or interpret written, oral, or sign language text into another language for others.
27-3099	286	Media and Communication Workers, All Other	All media and communication workers not listed separately.
27-4011	290	Audio and Video Equipment Technicians	Set up or set up and operate audio and video equipment including microphones, sound speakers, video screens, projectors, video monitors, recording equipment, connecting wires and cables, sound and mixing boards, and related electronic equipment for concerts, sports events, meetings and conventions, presentations, and news conferences. May also set up and operate associated spotlights and other custom lighting systems. Exclude "Sound Engineering Technicians" (27-4014).
27-4012	290	Broadcast Technicians	Set up, operate, and maintain the electronic equipment used to transmit radio and television programs. Control audio equipment to regulate volume level and quality of sound during radio and television broadcasts. Operate radio transmitter to broadcast radio and television programs.
27-4013	290	Radio Operators	Receive and transmit communications using radiotelegraph or radiotelephone equipment in accordance with government regulations. May repair equipment.
27-4014	290	Sound Engineering Technicians	Operate machines and equipment to record, synchronize, mix, or reproduce music, voices, or sound effects in sporting arenas, theater productions, recording studios, or movie and video productions.
27-4021	291	Photographers	Photograph persons, subjects, merchandise, or other commercial products. May develop negatives and produce finished prints. Include scientific photographers, aerial photographers, and photojournalists.
27-4031	292	Camera Operators, Television, Video, and Motion Picture	Operate television, video, or motion picture camera to photograph images or scenes for various purposes, such as TV broadcasts, advertising, video production, or motion pictures.
27-4032	292	Film and Video Editors	Edit motion picture soundtracks, film, and video.
27-4099	296	Media and Communication Equipment Workers, All Other	All media and communication equipment workers not listed separately.
29-1011	300	Chiropractors	Adjust spinal column and other articulations of the body to correct abnormalities of the human body believed to be caused by interference with the nervous system. Examine patient to determine nature and extent of disorder. Manipulate spine or other involved area. May utilize supplementary measures, such as exercise, rest, water, light, heat, and nutritional therapy.
29-1021	301	Dentists, General	Diagnose and treat diseases, injuries, and malformations of teeth and gums and related oral structures. May treat diseases of nerve, pulp, and other dental tissues affecting vitality of teeth. Exclude "Prosthodontists" (29-1024), "Orthodontists" (29-1023), "Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons" (29-1022) and "Dentists, all other specialists" (29-1029)
29-1022	301	Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons	Perform surgery on mouth, jaws, and related head and neck structure to execute difficult and multiple extractions of teeth, to remove tumors and other abnormal growths, to correct abnormal jaw relations by mandibular or maxillary revision, to prepare mouth for insertion of dental prosthesis, or to treat fractured jaws.
29-1023	301	Orthodontists	Examine, diagnose, and treat dental malocclusions and oral cavity anomalies. Design and fabricate appliances to realign teeth and jaws to produce and maintain normal function and to improve appearance.
29-1024	301	Prosthodontists	Construct oral prostheses to replace missing teeth and other oral structures to correct natural and acquired deformation of mouth and jaws, to restore and maintain oral function, such as chewing and speaking, and to improve appearance.
29-1029	301	Dentists, All Other Specialists	All dentists not listed separately.
29-1031	303	Dietitians and Nutritionists	Plan and conduct food service or nutritional programs to assist in the promotion of health and control of disease. May supervise activities of a department providing quantity food services, counsel individuals, or conduct nutritional research.
29-1041	304	Optometrists	Diagnose, manage, and treat conditions and diseases of the human eye and visual system. Examine eyes and visual system, diagnose problems or impairments, prescribe corrective lenses, and provide treatment. May prescribe therapeutic drugs to treat specific eye conditions.
29-1051	305	Pharmacists	Dispense drugs prescribed by physicians and other health practitioners and provide information to patients about medications and their use. May advise physicians and other health practitioners on the selection, dosage, interactions, and side effects of medications.
29-1061	306	Anesthesiologists	Administer anesthetics during surgery or other medical procedures.
29-1062	306	Family and General Practitioners	Diagnose, treat, and help prevent diseases and injuries that commonly occur in the general population.
29-1063	306	Internists, General	Diagnose and provide non-surgical treatment of diseases and injuries of internal organ systems. Provide care mainly for adults who have a wide range of problems associated with the internal organs. Include subspecialists, such as cardiologists and gastroenterologists, with "All Other Physicians" (29-1069).
29-1064	306	Obstetricians and Gynecologists	Diagnose, treat, and help prevent diseases of women, especially those affecting the reproductive system and the process of childbirth.
29-1065	306	Pediatricians, General	Diagnose, treat, and help prevent children's diseases and injuries.
29-1066	306	Psychiatrists	Diagnose, treat, and help prevent disorders of the mind.
29-1067	306	Surgeons	Treat diseases, injuries, and deformities by invasive methods, such as manual manipulation or by using instruments and appliances.
29-1069	306	Physicians and Surgeons, All Other	All physicians and surgeons not listed separately.
29-1071	311	Physician Assistants	Provide healthcare services typically performed by a physician, under the supervision of a physician. Conduct complete physicals, provide treatment, and counsel patients. May, in some cases, prescribe medication. Must graduate from an accredited educational program for physician assistants. Exclude "Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics" (29-2041), "Medical Assistants" (31-9092), and "Registered Nurses" (29-1111).
29-1081	312	Podiatrists	Diagnose and treat diseases and deformities of the human foot.
29-1111	313	Registered Nurses	Assess patient health problems and needs, develop and implement nursing care plans, and maintain medical records. Administer nursing care to ill, injured, convalescent, or disabled patients. May advise patients on health maintenance and disease prevention or provide case management. Licensing or registration required. Include advance practice nurses such as: nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, certified nurse midwives, and certified registered nurse anesthetists. Advanced practice nursing is practiced by RNs who have specialized formal, post-basic education and who function in highly autonomous and specialized roles.
29-1121	314	Audiologists	Assess and treat persons with hearing and related disorders. May fit hearing aids and provide auditory training. May perform research related to hearing problems.
29-1122	315	Occupational Therapists	Assess, plan, organize, and participate in rehabilitative programs that help restore vocational, homemaking, and daily living skills, as well as general independence, to disabled persons.
29-1123	316	Physical Therapists	Assess, plan, organize, and participate in rehabilitative programs that improve mobility, relieve pain, increase strength, and decrease or prevent deformity of patients suffering from disease or injury.
29-1124	320	Radiation Therapists	Provide radiation therapy to patients as prescribed by a radiologist according to established practices and standards. Duties may include reviewing prescription and diagnosis; acting as liaison with physician and supportive care personnel; preparing equipment, such as immobilization, treatment, and protection devices; and maintaining records, reports, and files. May assist in dosimetry procedures and tumor localization.
29-1125	321	Recreational Therapists	Plan, direct, or coordinate medically-approved recreation programs for patients in hospitals, nursing homes, or other institutions. Activities include sports, trips, dramatics, social activities, and arts and crafts. May assess a patient condition and recommend appropriate recreational activity.
29-1126	322	Respiratory Therapists	Assess, treat, and care for patients with breathing disorders. Assume primary responsibility for all respiratory care modalities, including the supervision of respiratory therapy technicians. Initiate and conduct therapeutic procedures; maintain patient records; and select, assemble, check, and operate equipment.
29-1127	323	Speech-language Pathologists	Assess and treat persons with speech, language, voice, and fluency disorders. May select alternative communication systems and teach their use. May perform research related to speech and language problems.
29-1129	324	Therapists, All Other	All therapists not listed separately.
29-1131	325	Veterinarians	Diagnose and treat diseases and dysfunctions of animals. May engage in a particular function, such as research and development, consultation, administration, technical writing, sale or production of commercial products, or rendering of technical services to commercial firms or other organizations. Include veterinarians who inspect livestock.
29-1199	326	Health Diagnosing and Treating Practitioners, All Other	All health diagnosing and treating practitioners not listed separately.
29-2011	330	Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists	Perform complex medical laboratory tests for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. May train or supervise staff.
29-2012	330	Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians	Perform routine medical laboratory tests for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. May work under the supervision of a medical technologist.
29-2021	331	Dental Hygienists	Clean teeth and examine oral areas, head, and neck for signs of oral disease. May educate patients on oral hygiene, take and develop X-rays, or apply fluoride or sealants.
29-2031	332	Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians	Conduct tests on pulmonary or cardiovascular systems of patients for diagnostic purposes. May conduct or assist in electrocardiograms, cardiac catheterizations, pulmonary-functions, lung capacity, and similar tests. Include vascular technologists.
29-2032	332	Diagnostic Medical Sonographers	Produce ultrasonic recordings of internal organs for use by physicians.
29-2033	332	Nuclear Medicine Technologists	Prepare, administer, and measure radioactive isotopes in therapeutic, diagnostic, and tracer studies utilizing a variety of radioisotope equipment. Prepare stock solutions of radioactive materials and calculate doses to be administered by radiologists. Subject patients to radiation. Execute blood volume, red cell survival, and fat absorption studies following standard laboratory techniques.
29-2034	332	Radiologic Technologists and Technicians	Take X-rays and CAT scans or administer nonradioactive materials into patient's blood stream for diagnostic purposes. Include technologists who specialize in other modalities, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance. Include workers whose primary duties are to demonstrate portions of the human body on X-ray film or fluoroscopic screen.
29-2041	340	Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics	Assess injuries, administer emergency medical care, and extricate trapped individuals. Transport injured or sick persons to medical facilities.
29-2051	341	Dietetic Technicians	Assist dietitians in the provision of food service and nutritional programs. Under the supervision of dietitians, may plan and produce meals based on established guidelines, teach principles of food and nutrition, or counsel individuals.
29-2052	341	Pharmacy Technicians	Prepare medications under the direction of a pharmacist. May measure, mix, count out, label, and record amounts and dosages of medications.
29-2053	341	Psychiatric Technicians	Care for mentally impaired or emotionally disturbed individuals, following physician instructions and hospital procedures. Monitor patients' physical and emotional well-being and report to medical staff. May participate in rehabilitation and treatment programs, help with personal hygiene, and administer oral medications and hypodermic injections.
29-2054	341	Respiratory Therapy Technicians	Provide specific, well defined respiratory care procedures under the direction of respiratory therapists and physicians.
29-2055	341	Surgical Technologists	Assist in operations, under the supervision of surgeons, registered nurses, or other surgical personnel. May help set up operating room, prepare and transport patients for surgery, adjust lights and equipment, pass instruments and other supplies to surgeons and surgeon's assistants, hold retractors, cut sutures, and help count sponges, needles, supplies, and instruments.
29-2056	341	Veterinary Technologists and Technicians	Perform medical tests in a laboratory environment for use in the treatment and diagnosis of diseases in animals. Prepare vaccines and serums for prevention of diseases. Prepare tissue samples, take blood samples, and execute laboratory tests, such as urinalysis and blood counts. Clean and sterilize instruments and materials and maintain equipment and machines.
29-2061	350	Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses	Care for ill, injured, convalescent, or disabled persons in hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, private homes, group homes, and similar institutions. May work under the supervision of a registered nurse. Licensing required.
29-2071	351	Medical Records and Health Information Technicians	Compile, process, and maintain medical records of hospital and clinic patients in a manner consistent with medical, administrative, ethical, legal, and regulatory requirements of the heath care system. Process, maintain, compile, and report patient information for health requirements and standards.
29-2081	352	Opticians, Dispensing	Design, measure, fit, and adapt lenses and frames for client according to written optical prescription or specification. Assist client with selecting frames. Measure customer for size of eyeglasses and coordinate frames with facial and eye measurements and optical prescription. Prepare work order for optical laboratory containing instructions for grinding and mounting lenses in frames. Verify exactness of finished lens spectacles. Adjust frame and lens position to fit client. May shape or reshape frames. Include contact lens opticians.
29-2091	353	Orthotists and Prosthetists	Assist patients with disabling conditions of limbs and spine or with partial or total absence of limb by fitting and preparing orthopedic braces or prostheses.
29-2099	353	Health Technologists and Technicians, All Other	All health technologists and technicians not listed separately.
29-9011	354	Occupational Health and Safety Specialists	Review, evaluate, and analyze work environments and design programs and procedures to control, eliminate, and prevent disease or injury caused by chemical, physical, and biological agents or ergonomic factors. May conduct inspections and enforce adherence to laws and regulations governing the health and safety of individuals. May be employed in the public or private sector. Include environmental protection officers.
29-9012	354	Occupational Health and Safety Technicians	Collect data on work environments for analysis by occupational health and safety specialists. Implement and conduct evaluation of programs designed to limit chemical, physical, biological, and ergonomic risks to workers.
29-9091	354	Athletic Trainers	Evaluate, advise, and treat athletes to assist recovery from injury, avoid injury, or maintain peak physical fitness.
29-9099	354	Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Workers, All Other	All healthcare practitioners and technical workers not listed separately.
31-1011	360	Home Health Aides	Provide routine, personal healthcare, such as bathing, dressing, or grooming, to elderly, convalescent, or disabled persons in the home of patients or in a residential care facility.
31-1012	360	Nursing Aides, Orderlies, and Attendants	Provide basic patient care under direction of nursing staff. Perform duties, such as feed, bathe, dress, groom, or move patients, or change linens. Exclude "Home Health Aides" (31-1011) and "Psychiatric Aides" (31-1013).
31-1013	360	Psychiatric Aides	Assist mentally impaired or emotionally disturbed patients, working under direction of nursing and medical staff.
31-2011	361	Occupational Therapist Assistants	Assist occupational therapists in providing occupational therapy treatments and procedures. May, in accordance with State laws, assist in development of treatment plans, carry out routine functions, direct activity programs, and document the progress of treatments. Generally requires formal training.
31-2012	361	Occupational Therapist Aides	Under close supervision of an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant, perform only delegated, selected, or routine tasks in specific situations. These duties include preparing patient and treatment room.
31-2021	362	Physical Therapist Assistants	Assist physical therapists in providing physical therapy treatments and procedures. May, in accordance with State laws, assist in the development of treatment plans, carry out routine functions, document the progress of treatment, and modify specific treatments in accordance with patient status and within the scope of treatment plans established by a physical therapist. Generally requires formal training.
31-2022	362	Physical Therapist Aides	Under close supervision of a physical therapist or physical therapy assistant, perform only delegated, selected, or routine tasks in specific situations. These duties include preparing the patient and the treatment area.
31-9011	363	Massage Therapists	Massage customers for hygienic or remedial purposes.
31-9091	364	Dental Assistants	Assist dentist, set up patient and equipment, and keep records.
31-9092	365	Medical Assistants	Perform administrative and certain clinical duties under the direction of physician. Administrative duties may include scheduling appointments, maintaining medical records, billing, and coding for insurance purposes. Clinical duties may include taking and recording vital signs and medical histories, preparing patients for examination, drawing blood, and administering medications as directed by physician. Exclude "Physician Assistants" (29-1071).
31-9093	365	Medical Equipment Preparers	Prepare, sterilize, install, or clean laboratory or healthcare equipment. May perform routine laboratory tasks and operate or inspect equipment.
31-9094	365	Medical Transcriptionists	Use transcribing machines with headset and foot pedal to listen to recordings by physicians and other healthcare professionals dictating a variety of medical reports, such as emergency room visits, diagnostic imaging studies, operations, chart reviews, and final summaries. Transcribe dictated reports and translate medical jargon and abbreviations into their expanded forms. Edit as necessary and return reports in either printed or electronic form to the dictator for review and signature, or correction.
31-9095	365	Pharmacy Aides	Record drugs delivered to the pharmacy, store incoming merchandise, and inform the supervisor of stock needs. May operate cash register and accept prescriptions for filling.
31-9096	365	Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers	Feed, water, and examine pets and other nonfarm animals for signs of illness, disease, or injury in laboratories and animal hospitals and clinics. Clean and disinfect cages and work areas, and sterilize laboratory and surgical equipment. May provide routine post-operative care, administer medication orally or topically, or prepare samples for laboratory examination under the supervision of veterinary or laboratory animal technologists or technicians, veterinarians, or scientists. Exclude "Nonfarm Animal Caretakers" (39-2021).
31-9099	365	Healthcare Support Workers, All Other	All healthcare support workers not listed separately.
33-1011	370	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Correctional Officers	Supervise and coordinate activities of correctional officers and jailers.
33-1012	371	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Police and Detectives	Supervise and coordinate activities of members of police force.
33-1021	372	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Fire Fighting and Prevention Workers	Supervise and coordinate activities of workers engaged in fire fighting and fire prevention and control.
33-1099	373	Supervisors, Protective Service Workers, All Other	All protective service supervisors not listed separately above.
33-2011	374	Fire Fighters	Control and extinguish fires or respond to emergency situations where life, property, or the environment is at risk. Duties may include fire prevention, emergency medical service, hazardous material response, search and rescue, and disaster management.
33-2021	375	Fire Inspectors and Investigators	Inspect buildings to detect fire hazards and enforce local ordinances and State laws. Investigate and gather facts to determine cause of fires and explosions.
33-2022	375	Forest Fire Inspectors and Prevention Specialists	Enforce fire regulations and inspect for forest fire hazards. Report forest fires and weather conditions.
33-3011	380	Bailiffs	Maintain order in courts of law.
33-3012	380	Correctional Officers and Jailers	Guard inmates in penal or rehabilitative institution in accordance with established regulations and procedures. May guard prisoners in transit between jail, courtroom, prison, or other point. Include deputy sheriffs and police who spend the majority of their time guarding prisoners in correctional institutions.
33-3021	382	Detectives and Criminal Investigators	Conduct investigations related to suspected violations of Federal, State, or local laws to prevent or solve crimes. Exclude "Private Detectives and Investigators" (33-9021).
33-3031	383	Fish and Game Wardens	Patrol assigned area to prevent fish and game law violations. Investigate reports of damage to crops or property by wildlife. Compile biological data.
33-3041	384	Parking Enforcement Workers	Patrol assigned area, such as public parking lot or section of city to issue tickets to overtime parking violators and illegally parked vehicles.
33-3051	385	Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers	Maintain order, enforce laws and ordinances, and protect life and property in an assigned patrol district. Perform combination of following duties: patrol a specific area on foot or in a vehicle; direct traffic; issue traffic summonses; investigate accidents; apprehend and arrest suspects, or serve legal processes of courts.
33-3052	386	Transit and Railroad Police	Protect and police railroad and transit property, employees, or passengers.
33-9011	390	Animal Control Workers	Handle animals for the purpose of investigations of mistreatment, or control of abandoned, dangerous, or unattended animals.
33-9021	391	Private Detectives and Investigators	Detect occurrences of unlawful acts or infractions of rules in private establishment, or seek, examine, and compile information for client.
33-9031	392	Gaming Surveillance Officers and Gaming Investigators	Act as oversight and security agent for management and customers. Observe casino or casino hotel operation for irregular activities such as cheating or theft by either employees or patrons. May utilize one-way mirrors above the casino floor, cashier's cage, and from desk. Use of audio/video equipment is also common to observe operation of the business. Usually required to provide verbal and written reports of all violations and suspicious behavior to supervisor.
33-9032	392	Security Guards	Guard, patrol, or monitor premises to prevent theft, violence, or infractions of rules.
33-9091	394	Crossing Guards	Guide or control vehicular or pedestrian traffic at such places as streets, schools, railroad crossings, or construction sites.
33-9092	395	Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers	Monitor recreational areas, such as pools, beaches, or ski slopes to provide assistance and protection to participants.
33-9099	395	Protective Service Workers, All Other	All protective service workers not listed separately.
35-1011	400	Chefs and Head Cooks	Direct the preparation, seasoning, and cooking of salads, soups, fish, meats, vegetables, desserts, or other foods. May plan and price menu items, order supplies, and keep records and accounts. May participate in cooking.
35-1012	401	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Food Preparation and Serving Workers	Supervise workers engaged in preparing and serving food.
35-2011	402	Cooks, Fast Food	Prepare and cook food in a fast food restaurant with a limited menu. Duties of the cooks are limited to preparation of a few basic items and normally involve operating large-volume single-purpose cooking equipment.
35-2012	402	Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria	Prepare and cook large quantities of food for institutions, such as schools, hospitals, or cafeterias.
35-2013	402	Cooks, Private Household	Prepare meals in private homes.
35-2014	402	Cooks, Restaurant	Prepare, season, and cook soups, meats, vegetables, desserts, or other foodstuffs in restaurants. May order supplies, keep records and accounts, price items on menu, or plan menu.
35-2015	402	Cooks, Short Order	Prepare and cook to order a variety of foods that require only a short preparation time. May take orders from customers and serve patrons at counters or tables. Exclude "Fast Food Cooks" (35-2011).
35-2021	403	Food Preparation Workers	Perform a variety of food preparation duties other than cooking, such as preparing cold foods and shellfish, slicing meat, and brewing coffee or tea.
35-3011	404	Bartenders	Mix and serve drinks to patrons, directly or through waitstaff.
35-3021	405	Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, Including Fast Food	Perform duties which combine both food preparation and food service.
35-3022	406	Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop	Serve food to diners at counter or from a steam table. Include counter attendants who also wait tables with "Waiters and Waitresses" (35-3031).
35-3031	411	Waiters and Waitresses	Take orders and serve food and beverages to patrons at tables in dining establishment. Exclude "Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop" (35-3022).
35-3041	412	Food Servers, Nonrestaurant	Serve food to patrons outside of a restaurant environment, such as in hotels, hospital rooms, or cars. Exclude "Door-to-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers" (41-9091) and "Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop" (35-3022).
35-9011	413	Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers	Facilitate food service. Clean tables, carry dirty dishes, replace soiled table linens; set tables; replenish supply of clean linens, silverware, glassware, and dishes; supply service bar with food, and serve water, butter, and coffee to patrons.
35-9021	414	Dishwashers	Clean dishes, kitchen, food preparation equipment, or utensils.
35-9031	415	Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop	Welcome patrons, seat them at tables or in lounge, and help ensure quality of facilities and service.
35-9099	416	Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other	All food preparation and serving related workers not listed separately.
37-1011	420	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers	Supervise work activities of cleaning personnel in hotels, hospitals, offices, and other establishments.
37-1012	421	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers	Plan, organize, direct, or coordinate activities of workers engaged in landscaping or groundskeeping activities, such as planting and maintaining ornamental trees, shrubs, flowers, and lawns, and applying fertilizers, pesticides, and other chemicals, according to contract specifications. May also coordinate activities of workers engaged in terracing hillsides, building retaining walls, constructing pathways, installing patios, and similar activities in following a landscape design plan. Work may involve reviewing contracts to ascertain service, machine, and work force requirements; answering inquiries from potential customers regarding methods, material, and price ranges; and preparing estimates according to labor, material, and machine costs.
37-2011	422	Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners	Keep buildings in clean and orderly condition. Perform heavy cleaning duties, such as cleaning floors, shampooing rugs, washing walls and glass, and removing rubbish. Duties may include tending furnace and boiler, performing routine maintenance activities, notifying management of need for repairs, and cleaning snow or debris from sidewalk.
37-2012	423	Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners	Perform any combination of light cleaning duties to maintain private households or commercial establishments, such as hotels, restaurants, and hospitals, in a clean and orderly manner. Duties include making beds, replenishing linens, cleaning rooms and halls, and vacuuming.
37-2019	422	Building Cleaning Workers, All Other	All building cleaning workers not listed separately.
37-2021	424	Pest Control Workers	Spray or release chemical solutions or toxic gases and set traps to kill pests and vermin, such as mice, termites, and roaches, that infest buildings and surrounding areas.
37-3011	425	Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers	Landscape or maintain grounds of property using hand or power tools or equipment. Workers typically perform a variety of tasks, which may include any combination of the following: sod laying, mowing, trimming, planting, watering, fertilizing, digging, raking, sprinkler installation, and installation of mortarless segmental concrete masonry wall units. Exclude "Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse" (45-2092).
37-3012	425	Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation	Mix or apply pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, or insecticides through sprays, dusts, vapors, soil incorporation or chemical application on trees, shrubs, lawns, or botanical crops. Usually requires specific training and State or Federal certification. Exclude "Commercial Pilots" (53-2012) who operate aviation equipment to dust or spray crops.
37-3013	425	Tree Trimmers and Pruners	Cut away dead or excess branches from trees or shrubs to maintain right-of-way for roads, sidewalks, or utilities, or to improve appearance, health, and value of tree. Prune or treat trees or shrubs using handsaws, pruning hooks, sheers, and clippers. May use truck-mounted lifts and power pruners. May fill cavities in trees to promote healing and prevent deterioration. Exclude workers who primarily perform duties of "Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation" (37-3012) and "Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers" (37-3011).
37-3019	425	Grounds Maintenance Workers, All Other	All grounds maintenance workers not listed separately.
39-1011	430	Gaming Supervisors	Supervise gaming operations and personnel in an assigned area. Circulate among tables and observe operations. Ensure that stations and games are covered for each shift. May explain and interpret operating rules of house to patrons. May plan and organize activities and create friendly atmosphere for guests in hotels/casinos. May adjust service complaints. Exclude "Slot Key Persons" (39-1012).
39-1012	430	Slot Key Persons	Coordinate/supervise functions of slot department workers to provide service to patrons. Handle and settle complaints of players. Verify and payoff jackpots. Reset slot machines after payoffs. Make minor repairs or adjustments to slot machines. Recommend removal of slot machines for repair. Report hazards and enforces safety rules.
39-1021	432	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Personal Service Workers	Supervise and coordinate activities of personal service workers, such as supervisors of flight attendants, hairdressers, or caddies.
39-2011	434	Animal Trainers	Train animals for riding, harness, security, performance, or obedience, or assisting persons with disabilities. Accustom animals to human voice and contact; and condition animals to respond to commands. Train animals according to prescribed standards for show or competition. May train animals to carry pack loads or work as part of pack team.
39-2021	435	Nonfarm Animal Caretakers	Feed, water, groom, bathe, exercise, or otherwise care for pets and other nonfarm animals, such as dogs, cats, ornamental fish or birds, zoo animals, and mice. Work in settings such as kennels, animal shelters, zoos, circuses, and aquariums. May keep records of feedings, treatments, and animals received or discharged. May clean, disinfect, and repair cages, pens, or fish tanks. Exclude "Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers" (31-9096).
39-3011	440	Gaming Dealers	Operate table games. Stand or sit behind table and operate games of chance by dispensing the appropriate number of cards or blocks to players, or operating other gaming equipment. Compare the house's hand against players' hands and payoff or collect players' money or chips.
39-3012	440	Gaming and Sports Book Writers and Runners	Assist in the operation of games such as keno and bingo. Scan winning tickets presented by patrons, calculate amount of winnings and pay patrons. May operate keno and bingo equipment. May start gaming equipment that randomly selects numbers. May announce number selected until total numbers specified for each game are selected. May pick up tickets from players, collect bets, receive, verify and record patrons' cash wagers.
39-3019	440	Gaming Service Workers, All Other	All Gaming Service Workers not listed separately.
39-3021	441	Motion Picture Projectionists	Set up and operate motion picture projection and related sound reproduction equipment.
39-3031	442	Ushers, Lobby Attendants, and Ticket Takers	Assist patrons at entertainment events by performing duties, such as collecting admission tickets and passes from patrons, assisting in finding seats, searching for lost articles, and locating such facilities as rest rooms and telephones.
39-3091	443	Amusement and Recreation Attendants	Perform variety of attending duties at amusement or recreation facility. May schedule use of recreation facilities, maintain and provide equipment to participants of sporting events or recreational pursuits, or operate amusement concessions and rides.
39-3092	443	Costume Attendants	Select, fit, and take care of costumes for cast members, and aid entertainers.
39-3093	443	Locker Room, Coatroom, and Dressing Room Attendants	Provide personal items to patrons or customers in locker rooms, dressing rooms, or coatrooms.
39-4011	446	Embalmers	Prepare bodies for interment in conformity with legal requirements.
39-4021	446	Funeral Attendants	Perform variety of tasks during funeral, such as placing casket in parlor or chapel prior to service; arranging floral offerings or lights around casket; directing or escorting mourners; closing casket; and issuing and storing funeral equipment.
39-5011	450	Barbers	Provide barbering services, such as cutting, trimming, shampooing, and styling hair, trimming beards, or giving shaves.
39-5012	451	Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists	Provide beauty services, such as shampooing, cutting, coloring, and styling hair, and massaging and treating scalp. May also apply makeup, dress wigs, perform hair removal, and provide nail and skin care services.
39-5091	452	Makeup Artists, Theatrical and Performance	Apply makeup to performers to reflect period, setting, and situation of their role.
39-5092	452	Manicurists and Pedicurists	Clean and shape customers' fingernails and toenails. May polish or decorate nails.
39-5093	452	Shampooers	Shampoo and rinse customers' hair.
39-5094	452	Skin Care Specialists	Provide skin care treatments to face and body to enhance an individual's appearance.
39-6011	453	Baggage Porters and Bellhops	Handle baggage for travelers at transportation terminals or for guests at hotels or similar establishments.
39-6012	453	Concierges	Assist patrons at hotel, apartment or office building with personal services. May take messages, arrange or give advice on transportation, business services or entertainment, or monitor guest requests for housekeeping and maintenance.
39-6021	454	Tour Guides and Escorts	Escort individuals or groups on sightseeing tours or through places of interest, such as industrial establishments, public buildings, and art galleries.
39-6022	454	Travel Guides	Plan, organize, and conduct long distance cruises, tours, and expeditions for individuals and groups.
39-6031	455	Flight Attendants	Provide personal services to ensure the safety and comfort of airline passengers during flight. Greet passengers, verify tickets, explain use of safety equipment, and serve food or beverages.
39-6032	455	Transportation Attendants, Except Flight Attendants and Baggage Porters	Provide services to ensure the safety and comfort of passengers aboard ships, buses, trains, or within the station or terminal. Perform duties, such as greeting passengers, explaining the use of safety equipment, serving meals or beverages, or answering questions related to travel.
39-9011	460	Child Care Workers	Attend to children at schools, businesses, private households, and child care institutions. Perform a variety of tasks, such as dressing, feeding, bathing, and overseeing play. Exclude "Preschool Teachers" (25-2011) and "Teacher Assistants" (25-9041).
39-9021	461	Personal and Home Care Aides	Assist elderly or disabled adults with daily living activities at the person's home or in a daytime non-residential facility. Duties performed at a place of residence may include keeping house (making beds, doing laundry, washing dishes) and preparing meals. May provide meals and supervised activities at non-residential care facilities. May advise families, the elderly, and disabled on such things as nutrition, cleanliness, and household utilities.
39-9031	462	Fitness Trainers and Aerobics Instructors	Instruct or coach groups or individuals in exercise activities and the fundamentals of sports. Demonstrate techniques and methods of participation. Observe participants and inform them of corrective measures necessary to improve their skills. Those required to hold teaching degrees should be reported in the appropriate teaching category. Exclude "Athletic Trainers" (29-9091).
39-9032	462	Recreation Workers	Conduct recreation activities with groups in public, private, or volunteer agencies or recreation facilities. Organize and promote activities, such as arts and crafts, sports, games, music, dramatics, social recreation, camping, and hobbies, taking into account the needs and interests of individual members.
39-9041	464	Residential Advisors	Coordinate activities for residents of boarding schools, college fraternities or sororities, college dormitories, or similar establishments. Order supplies and determine need for maintenance, repairs, and furnishings. May maintain household records and assign rooms. May refer residents to counseling resources if needed.
39-9099	465	Personal Care and Service Workers, All Other	All personal care and service workers not listed separately.
41-1011	470	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Retail Sales Workers	Directly supervise sales workers in a retail establishment or department. Duties may include management functions, such as purchasing, budgeting, accounting, and personnel work, in addition to supervisory duties.
41-1012	471	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Non-Retail Sales Workers	Directly supervise and coordinate activities of sales workers other than retail sales workers. May perform duties, such as budgeting, accounting, and personnel work, in addition to supervisory duties.
41-2011	472	Cashiers	Receive and disburse money in establishments other than financial institutions. Usually involves use of electronic scanners, cash registers, or related equipment. Often involved in processing credit or debit card transactions and validating checks.
41-2012	472	Gaming Change Persons and Booth Cashiers	Exchange coins and tokens for patrons' money. May issue payoffs and obtain customer's signature on receipt when winnings exceed the amount held in the slot machine. May operate a booth in the slot machine area and furnish change persons with money bank at the start of the shift, or count and audit money in drawers.
41-2021	474	Counter and Rental Clerks	Receive orders for repairs, rentals, and services. May describe available options, compute cost, and accept payment.
41-2022	475	Parts Salespersons	Sell spare and replacement parts and equipment in repair shop or parts store.
41-2031	476	Retail Salespersons	Sell merchandise, such as furniture, motor vehicles, appliances, or apparel in a retail establishment. Exclude "Cashiers" (41-2011).
41-3011	480	Advertising Sales Agents	Sell or solicit advertising, including graphic art, advertising space in publications, custom made signs, or TV and radio advertising time. May obtain leases for outdoor advertising sites or persuade retailer to use sales promotion display items.
41-3021	481	Insurance Sales Agents	Sell life, property, casualty, health, automotive, or other types of insurance. May refer clients to independent brokers, work as independent broker, or be employed by an insurance company.
41-3031	482	Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents	Buy and sell securities in investment and trading firms, or call upon businesses and individuals to sell financial services. Provide financial services, such as loan, tax, and securities counseling. May advise securities customers about such things as stocks, bonds, and market conditions.
41-3041	483	Travel Agents	Plan and sell transportation and accommodations for travel agency customers. Determine destination, modes of transportation, travel dates, costs, and accommodations required.
41-3099	484	Sales Representatives, Services, All Other	All services sales representatives not listed separately.
41-4011	485	Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products	Sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers where technical or scientific knowledge is required in such areas as biology, engineering, chemistry, and electronics, normally obtained from at least 2 years of post-secondary education.
41-4012	485	Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products	Sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers to businesses or groups of individuals. Work requires substantial knowledge of items sold.
41-9011	490	Demonstrators and Product Promoters	Demonstrate merchandise and answer questions for the purpose of creating public interest in buying the product. May sell demonstrated merchandise.
41-9012	490	Models	Model garments and other apparel to display clothing before prospective buyers at fashion shows, private showings, retail establishments, or photographer. May pose for photos to be used for advertising purposes. May pose as subject for paintings, sculptures, and other types of artistic expression.
41-9021	492	Real Estate Brokers	Operate real estate office, or work for commercial real estate firm, overseeing real estate transactions. Other duties usually include selling real estate or renting properties and arranging loans.
41-9022	492	Real Estate Sales Agents	Rent, buy, or sell property for clients. Perform duties, such as study property listings, interview prospective clients, accompany clients to property site, discuss conditions of sale, and draw up real estate contracts. Include agents who represent buyer.
41-9031	493	Sales Engineers	Sell business goods or services, the selling of which requires a technical background equivalent to a baccalaureate degree in engineering. Exclude "Engineers" (17-2011 through 17-2199) whose primary function is not marketing or sales.
41-9041	494	Telemarketers	Solicit orders for goods or services over the telephone.
41-9091	495	Door-To-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers	Sell goods or services door-to-door or on the street.
41-9099	496	Sales and Related Workers, All Other	All sales and related workers not listed separately.
43-1011	500	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Office and Administrative Support Workers	Supervise and coordinate the activities of clerical and administrative support workers.
43-2011	501	Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service	Operate telephone business systems equipment or switchboards to relay incoming, outgoing, and interoffice calls. May supply information to callers and record messages.
43-2021	502	Telephone Operators	Provide information by accessing alphabetical and geographical directories. Assist customers with special billing requests, such as charges to a third party and credits or refunds for incorrectly dialed numbers or bad connections. May handle emergency calls and assist children or people with physical disabilities to make telephone calls.
43-2099	503	Communications Equipment Operators, All Other	All communications equipment operators not listed separately.
43-3011	510	Bill and Account Collectors	Locate and notify customers of delinquent accounts by mail, telephone, or personal visit to solicit payment. Duties include receiving payment and posting amount to customer's account; preparing statements to credit department if customer fails to respond; initiating repossession proceedings or service disconnection; keeping records of collection and status of accounts.
43-3021	511	Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators	Compile, compute, and record billing, accounting, statistical, and other numerical data for billing purposes. Prepare billing invoices for services rendered or for delivery or shipment of goods.
43-3031	512	Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks	Compute, classify, and record numerical data to keep financial records complete. Perform any combination of routine calculating, posting, and verifying duties to obtain primary financial data for use in maintaining accounting records. May also check the accuracy of figures, calculations, and postings pertaining to business transactions recorded by other workers.
43-3041	513	Gaming Cage Workers	In a gaming establishment, conduct financial transactions for patrons. May reconcile daily summaries of transactions to balance books. Accept patron's credit application and verify credit references to provide check-cashing authorization or to establish house credit accounts. May sell gambling chips, tokens, or tickets to patrons, or to other workers for resale to patrons. May convert gaming chips, tokens, or tickets to currency upon patron's request. May use a cash register or computer to record transaction.
43-3051	514	Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks	Compile and post employee time and payroll data. May compute employees' time worked, production, and commission. May compute and post wages and deductions. May prepare paychecks.
43-3061	515	Procurement Clerks	Compile information and records to draw up purchase orders for procurement of materials and services.
43-3071	516	Tellers	Receive and pay out money. Keep records of money and negotiable instruments involved in a financial institution's various transactions.
43-4011	520	Brokerage Clerks	Perform clerical duties involving the purchase or sale of securities. Duties include writing orders for stock purchases and sales, computing transfer taxes, verifying stock transactions, accepting and delivering securities, tracking stock price fluctuations, computing equity, distributing dividends, and keeping records of daily transactions and holdings.
43-4021	521	Correspondence Clerks	Compose letters in reply to requests for merchandise, damage claims, credit and other information, delinquent accounts, incorrect billings, or unsatisfactory services. Duties may include gathering data to formulate reply and typing correspondence.
43-4031	522	Court, Municipal, and License Clerks	Perform clerical duties in courts of law, municipalities, and governmental licensing agencies and bureaus. May prepare docket of cases to be called; secure information for judges and court; prepare draft agendas or bylaws for town or city council; answer official correspondence; keep fiscal records and accounts; issue licenses or permits; record data, administer tests, or collect fees. Include chief clerks with "Managers, All Other" (11-9199).
43-4041	523	Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks	Authorize credit charges against customers' accounts. Investigate history and credit standing of individuals or business establishments applying for credit. May interview applicants to obtain personal and financial data; determine credit worthiness; process applications; and notify customers of acceptance or rejection of credit.
43-4051	524	Customer Service Representatives	Interact with customers to provide information in response to inquiries about products and services and to handle and resolve complaints. Exclude individuals whose duties are primarily sales or repair.
43-4061	525	Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs	Determine eligibility of persons applying to receive assistance from government programs and agency resources, such as welfare, unemployment benefits, social security, and public housing.
43-4071	526	File Clerks	File correspondence, cards, invoices, receipts, and other records in alphabetical or numerical order or according to the filing system used. Locate and remove material from file when requested.
43-4081	530	Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks	Accommodate hotel, motel, and resort patrons by registering and assigning rooms to guests, issuing room keys, transmitting and receiving messages, keeping records of occupied rooms and guests' accounts, making and confirming reservations, and presenting statements to and collecting payments from departing guests.
43-4111	531	Interviewers, Except Eligibility and Loan	Interview persons by telephone, mail, in person, or by other means for the purpose of completing forms, applications, or questionnaires. Ask specific questions, record answers, and assist persons with completing form. May sort, classify, and file forms.
43-4121	532	Library Assistants, Clerical	Compile records, sort and shelve books, and issue and receive library materials such as pictures, cards, slides and microfilm. Locate library materials for loan and replace material in shelving area, stacks, or files according to identification number and title. Register patrons to permit them to borrow books, periodicals, and other library materials.
43-4131	533	Loan Interviewers and Clerks	Interview loan applicants to elicit information; investigate applicants' backgrounds and verify references; prepare loan request papers; and forward findings, reports, and documents to appraisal department. Review loan papers to ensure completeness, and complete transactions between loan establishment, borrowers, and sellers upon approval of loan.
43-4141	534	New Accounts Clerks	Interview persons desiring to open bank accounts. Explain banking services available to prospective customers and assist them in preparing application form.
43-4151	535	Order Clerks	Receive and process incoming orders for materials, merchandise, classified ads, or services such as repairs, installations, or rental of facilities. Duties include informing customers of receipt, prices, shipping dates, and delays; preparing contracts; and handling complaints. Exclude "Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance" (43-5032) who both dispatch and take orders for services.
43-4161	536	Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping	Compile and keep personnel records. Record data for each employee, such as address, weekly earnings, absences, amount of sales or production, supervisory reports on ability, and date of and reason for termination. Compile and type reports from employment records. File employment records. Search employee files and furnish information to authorized persons.
43-4171	540	Receptionists and Information Clerks	Answer inquiries and obtain information for general public, customers, visitors, and other interested parties. Provide information regarding activities conducted at establishment; location of departments, offices, and employees within organization. Exclude "Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service" (43-2011).
43-4181	541	Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks	Make and confirm reservations and sell tickets to passengers for large hotel or motel chains. May check baggage and direct passengers to designated concourse, pier, or track; make reservations, deliver tickets, arrange for visas, contact individuals and groups to inform them of package tours, or provide tourists with travel information, such as points of interest, restaurants, rates, and emergency service. Exclude "Travel Agents" (41-3041), "Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks" (43-4081), and "Cashiers" (41-2011) who sell tickets for local transportation.
43-4199	542	Information and Record Clerks, All Other	All information and record clerks not listed separately.
43-5011	550	Cargo and Freight Agents	Expedite and route movement of incoming and outgoing cargo and freight shipments in airline, train, and trucking terminals, and shipping docks. Take orders from customers and arrange pickup of freight and cargo for delivery to loading platform. Prepare and examine bills of lading to determine shipping charges and tariffs.
43-5021	551	Couriers and Messengers	Pick up and carry messages, documents, packages, and other items between offices or departments within an establishment or to other business concerns, traveling by foot, bicycle, motorcycle, automobile, or public conveyance. Exclude "Truck Drivers, Light or Delivery Services" (53-3033).
43-5031	552	Police, Fire, and Ambulance Dispatchers	Receive complaints from public concerning crimes and police emergencies. Broadcast orders to police patrol units in vicinity of complaint to investigate. Operate radio, telephone, or computer equipment to receive reports of fires and medical emergencies and relay information or orders to proper officials.
43-5032	552	Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance	Schedule and dispatch workers, work crews, equipment, or service vehicles for conveyance of materials, freight, or passengers, or for normal installation, service, or emergency repairs rendered outside the place of business. Duties may include using radio, telephone, or computer to transmit assignments and compiling statistics and reports on work progress.
43-5041	553	Meter Readers, Utilities	Read meter and record consumption of electricity, gas, water, or steam.
43-5051	554	Postal Service Clerks	Perform any combination of tasks in a post office, such as receive letters and parcels; sell postage and revenue stamps, postal cards, and stamped envelopes; fill out and sell money orders; place mail in pigeon holes of mail rack or in bags according to State, address, or other scheme; and examine mail for correct postage.
43-5052	555	Postal Service Mail Carriers	Sort mail for delivery. Deliver mail on established route by vehicle or on foot.
43-5053	556	Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and Processing Machine Operators	Prepare incoming and outgoing mail for distribution. Examine, sort, and route mail by State, type of mail, or other scheme. Load, operate, and occasionally adjust and repair mail processing, sorting, and canceling machinery. Keep records of shipments, pouches, and sacks; and other duties related to mail handling within the postal service. Must complete a competitive exam. Exclude "Postal Service Clerks" (43-5051) and "Postal Service Mail Carriers" (43-5052).
43-5061	560	Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks	Coordinate and expedite the flow of work and materials within or between departments of an establishment according to production schedule. Duties include reviewing and distributing production, work, and shipment schedules; conferring with department supervisors to determine progress of work and completion dates; and compiling reports on progress of work, inventory levels, costs, and production problems. Exclude "Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping" (43-5111).
43-5071	561	Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks	Verify and keep records on incoming and outgoing shipments. Prepare items for shipment. Duties include assembling, addressing, stamping, and shipping merchandise or material; receiving, unpacking, verifying and recording incoming merchandise or material; and arranging for the transportation of products. Exclude "Stock Clerks and Order Fillers" (43-5081) and "Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping" (43-5111).
43-5081	562	Stock Clerks and Order Fillers	Receive, store, and issue sales floor merchandise, materials, equipment, and other items from stockroom, warehouse, or storage yard to fill shelves, racks, tables, or customers' orders. May mark prices on merchandise and set up sales displays. Exclude "Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand" (53-7062), and "Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks" (43-5071).
43-5111	563	Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping	Weigh, measure, and check materials, supplies, and equipment for the purpose of keeping relevant records. Duties are primarily clerical by nature. Include workers who collect and keep record of samples of products or materials. Exclude production "Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers" (51-9061).
43-6011	570	Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants	Provide high-level administrative support by conducting research, preparing statistical reports, handling information requests, and performing clerical functions such as preparing correspondence, receiving visitors, arranging conference calls, and scheduling meetings. May also train and supervise lower-level clerical staff. Exclude "Secretaries" (43-6012 through 43-6014).
43-6012	570	Secretaries, Legal	Perform secretarial duties utilizing legal terminology, procedures, and documents. Prepare legal papers and correspondence, such as summonses, complaints, motions, and subpoenas. May also assist with legal research.
43-6013	570	Secretaries, Medical	Perform secretarial duties utilizing specific knowledge of medical terminology and hospital, clinic, or laboratory procedures. Duties include scheduling appointments, billing patients, and compiling and recording medical charts, reports, and correspondence.
43-9011	580	Computer Operators	Monitor and control electronic computer and peripheral electronic data processing equipment to process business, scientific, engineering, and other data according to operating instructions. May enter commands at a computer terminal and set controls on computer and peripheral devices. Monitor and respond to operating and error messages. Exclude "Data Entry Keyers" (43-9021).
43-9021	581	Data Entry Keyers	Operate data entry device, such as keyboard or photo composing perforator. Duties may include verifying data and preparing materials for printing. Exclude "Word Processors and Typists" (43-9022).
43-9022	582	Word Processors and Typists	Use word processor/computer or typewriter to type letters, reports, forms, or other material from rough draft, corrected copy, or voice recording. May perform other clerical duties as assigned. Include composing data keyers. Exclude "Data Entry Keyers" (43-9021), "Secretaries and Administrative Assistants" (43-6011 through 43-6014), "Court Reporters" (23-2091), and "Medical Transcriptionists" (31-9094).
43-9031	583	Desktop Publishers	Format typescript and graphic elements using computer software to produce publication-ready material.
43-9041	584	Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks	Process new insurance policies, modifications to existing policies, and claims forms. Obtain information from policyholders to verify the accuracy and completeness of information on claims forms, applications and related documents, and company records. Update existing policies and company records to reflect changes requested by policyholders and insurance company representatives. Exclude "Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators" (13-1031).
43-9051	585	Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service	Prepare incoming and outgoing mail for distribution. Use hand or mail handling machines to time stamp, open, read, sort, and route incoming mail; and address, seal, stamp, fold, stuff, and affix postage to outgoing mail or packages. Duties may also include keeping necessary records and completed forms.
43-9061	586	Office Clerks, General	Perform duties too varied and diverse to be classified in any specific office clerical occupation, requiring limited knowledge of office management systems and procedures. Clerical duties may be assigned in accordance with the office procedures of individual establishments and may include a combination of answering telephones, bookkeeping, typing or word processing, stenography, office machine operation, and filing.
43-9071	590	Office Machine Operators, Except Computer	Operate one or more of a variety of office machines, such as photocopying, photographic, and duplicating machines, or other office machines. Exclude "Computer Operators" (43-9011), "Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators" (43-9051) and "Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators" (43-3021).
43-9081	591	Proofreaders and Copy Markers	Read transcript or proof type setup to detect and mark for correction any grammatical, typographical, or compositional errors. Exclude workers whose primary duty is editing copy. Include proofreaders of Braille.
43-9111	592	Statistical Assistants	Compile and compute data according to statistical formulas for use in statistical studies. May perform actuarial computations and compile charts and graphs for use by actuaries. Include actuarial clerks.
43-9199	593	Office and Administrative Support Workers, All Other	All office and administrative support workers not listed separately.
45-1011	600	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers	Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of agricultural, forestry, aquacultural, and related workers. Exclude "First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers" (37-1012).
45-2011	601	Agricultural Inspectors	Inspect agricultural commodities, processing equipment, and facilities, and fish and logging operations, to ensure compliance with regulations and laws governing health, quality, and safety.
45-2021	602	Animal Breeders	Breed animals, including cattle, goats, horses, sheep, swine, poultry, dogs, cats, or pet birds. Select and breed animals according to their genealogy, characteristics, and offspring. May require a knowledge of artificial insemination techniques and equipment use. May involve keeping records on heats, birth intervals, or pedigree. Exclude "Nonfarm Animal Caretakers" (39-2021) who may occasionally breed animals as part of their other caretaking duties. Exclude "Animal Scientists" (19-1011) whose primary function is research.
45-2031	600	Farm Labor Contractors	Recruit, hire, furnish, and supervise seasonal or temporary agricultural laborers for a fee. May transport, house, and provide meals for workers.
45-2041	604	Graders and Sorters, Agricultural Products	Grade, sort, or classify unprocessed food and other agricultural products by size, weight, color, or condition. Exclude "Agricultural Inspectors" (45-2011).
45-2091	605	Agricultural Equipment Operators	Drive and control farm equipment to till soil and to plant, cultivate, and harvest crops. May perform tasks, such as crop baling or hay bucking. May operate stationary equipment to perform post-harvest tasks, such as husking, shelling, threshing, and ginning.
45-2092	605	Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse	Manually plant, cultivate, and harvest vegetables, fruits, nuts, horticultural specialties, and field crops. Use hand tools, such as shovels, trowels, hoes, tampers, pruning hooks, shears, and knives. Duties may include tilling soil and applying fertilizers; transplanting, weeding, thinning, or pruning crops; applying pesticides; cleaning, grading, sorting, packing and loading harvested products. May construct trellises, repair fences and farm buildings, or participate in irrigation activities. Exclude "Graders and Sorters, Agricultural Products" (45-2041). Exclude "Forest, Conservation, and Logging Workers" (45-4011 through 45-4029).
45-2093	605	Farmworkers, Farm and Ranch Animals	Attend to live farm, ranch, or aquacultural animals that may include cattle, sheep, swine, goats, horses and other equines, poultry, finfish, shellfish, and bees. Attend to animals produced for animal products, such as meat, fur, skins, feathers, eggs, milk, and honey. Duties may include feeding, watering, herding, grazing, castrating, branding, de-beaking, weighing, catching, and loading animals. May maintain records on animals; examine animals to detect diseases and injuries; assist in birth deliveries; and administer medications, vaccinations, or insecticides as appropriate. May clean and maintain animal housing areas. Include workers who shear wool from sheep, and collect eggs in hatcheries.
45-2099	605	Agricultural Workers, All Other	All agricultural workers not listed separately.
45-3011	610	Fishers and Related Fishing Workers	Use nets, fishing rods, traps, or other equipment to catch and gather fish or other aquatic animals from rivers, lakes, or oceans, for human consumption or other uses. May haul game onto ship. Include aquacultural laborers who work on fish farms with "Agricultural Workers, All Other" (45-2099).
45-3021	611	Hunters and Trappers	Hunt and trap wild animals for human consumption, fur, feed, bait, or other purposes.
45-4011	612	Forest and Conservation Workers	Under supervision, perform manual labor necessary to develop, maintain, or protect forest, forested areas, and woodlands through such activities as raising and transporting tree seedlings; combating insects, pests, and diseases harmful to trees; and building erosion and water control structures and leaching of forest soil. Include forester aides, seedling pullers, and tree planters.
45-4021	613	Fallers	Use axes or chainsaws to fell trees using knowledge of tree characteristics and cutting techniques to control direction of fall and minimize tree damage.
45-4022	613	Logging Equipment Operators	Drive logging tractor or wheeled vehicle equipped with one or more accessories, such as bulldozer blade, frontal shear, grapple, logging arch, cable winches, hoisting rack, or crane boom, to fell tree; to skid, load, unload, or stack logs; or to pull stumps or clear brush.
45-4023	613	Log Graders and Scalers	Grade logs or estimate the marketable content or value of logs or pulpwood in sorting yards, millpond, log deck, or similar locations. Inspect logs for defects or measure logs to determine volume. Exclude "Purchasing Agents and Buyers, Farm Products" (13-1021).
45-4029	613	Logging Workers, All Other	All logging workers not listed separately.
45-9099	605	Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers, All Other	All farming, fishing, and forestry workers not listed separately.
47-1011	620	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers	Directly supervise and coordinate activities of construction or extraction workers.
47-2011	621	Boilermakers	Construct, assemble, maintain, and repair stationary steam boilers and boiler house auxiliaries. Align structures or plate sections to assemble boiler frame tanks or vats, following blueprints. Work involves use of hand and power tools, plumb bobs, levels, wedges, dogs, or turnbuckles. Assist in testing assembled vessels. Direct cleaning of boilers and boiler furnaces. Inspect and repair boiler fittings, such as safety valves, regulators, automatic-control mechanisms, water columns, and auxiliary machines.
47-2021	622	Brickmasons and Blockmasons	Lay and bind building materials, such as brick, structural tile, concrete block, cinder block, glass block, and terra-cotta block, with mortar and other substances to construct or repair walls, partitions, arches, sewers, and other structures. Exclude "Stonemasons" (47-2022). Classify installers of mortarless segmental concrete masonry wall units in "Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers" (37-3011).
47-2022	622	Stonemasons	Build stone structures, such as piers, walls, and abutments. Lay walks, curbstones, or special types of masonry for vats, tanks, and floors.
47-2031	623	Carpenters	Construct, erect, install, or repair structures and fixtures made of wood, such as concrete forms; building frameworks, including partitions, joists, studding, and rafters; wood stairways, window and door frames, and hardwood floors. May also install cabinets, siding, drywall and batt or roll insulation. Include brattice builders who build doors or brattices (ventilation walls or partitions) in underground passageways to control the proper circulation of air through the passageways and to the working places.
47-2041	624	Carpet Installers	Lay and install carpet from rolls or blocks on floors. Install padding and trim flooring materials. Exclude "Floor Layers, Except Carpet, Wood, and Hard Tiles" (47-2042).
47-2042	624	Floor Layers, Except Carpet, Wood, and Hard Tiles	Apply blocks, strips, or sheets of shock-absorbing, sound-deadening, or decorative coverings to floors.
47-2043	624	Floor Sanders and Finishers	Scrape and sand wooden floors to smooth surfaces using floor scraper and floor sanding machine, and apply coats of finish.
47-2044	624	Tile and Marble Setters	Apply hard tile, marble, and wood tile to walls, floors, ceilings, and roof decks.
47-2051	625	Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers	Smooth and finish surfaces of poured concrete, such as floors, walks, sidewalks, roads, or curbs using a variety of hand and power tools. Align forms for sidewalks, curbs, or gutters; patch voids; use saws to cut expansion joints. Classify installers of mortarless segmental concrete masonry wall units in "Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers. (37-3011).
47-2053	625	Terrazzo Workers and Finishers	Apply a mixture of cement, sand, pigment, or marble chips to floors, stairways, and cabinet fixtures to fashion durable and decorative surfaces.
47-2061	626	Construction Laborers	Perform tasks involving physical labor at building, highway, and heavy construction projects, tunnel and shaft excavations, and demolition sites. May operate hand and power tools of all types: air hammers, earth tampers, cement mixers, small mechanical hoists, surveying and measuring equipment, and a variety of other equipment and instruments. May clean and prepare sites, dig trenches, set braces to support the sides of excavations, erect scaffolding, clean up rubble and debris, and remove asbestos, lead, and other hazardous waste materials. May assist other craft workers. Exclude construction laborers who primarily assist a particular craft worker, and classify them under "Helpers, Construction Trades" (47-3011 through 47-3016).
47-2071	630	Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators	Operate equipment used for applying concrete, asphalt, or other materials to road beds, parking lots, or airport runways and taxiways, or equipment used for tamping gravel, dirt, or other materials. Include concrete and asphalt paving machine operators, form tampers, tamping machine operators, and stone spreader operators.
47-2072	631	Pile-Driver Operators	Operate pile drivers mounted on skids, barges, crawler treads, or locomotive cranes to drive pilings for retaining walls, bulkheads, and foundations of structures, such as buildings, bridges, and piers.
47-2073	632	Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators	Operate one or several types of power construction equipment, such as motor graders, bulldozers, scrapers, compressors, pumps, derricks, shovels, tractors, or front-end loaders to excavate, move, and grade earth, erect structures, or pour concrete or other hard surface pavement. May repair and maintain equipment in addition to other duties. Exclude "Crane and Tower Operators" (53-7021) and equipment operators who work in extraction or other non-construction industries.
47-2081	633	Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers	Apply plasterboard or other wallboard to ceilings or interior walls of buildings. Apply or mount acoustical tiles or blocks, strips, or sheets of shock-absorbing materials to ceilings and walls of buildings to reduce or reflect sound. Materials may be of decorative quality. Include lathers who fasten wooden, metal, or rockboard lath to walls, ceilings or partitions of buildings to provide support base for plaster, fire-proofing, or acoustical material. Exclude "Carpet Installers" (47-2041), "Carpenters" (47-2031), and "Tile and Marble Setters" (47-2044).
47-2082	633	Tapers	Seal joints between plasterboard or other wallboard to prepare wall surface for painting or papering.
47-2111	635	Electricians	Install, maintain, and repair electrical wiring, equipment, and fixtures. Ensure that work is in accordance with relevant codes. May install or service street lights, intercom systems, or electrical control systems. Exclude "Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers" (49-2098).
47-2121	636	Glaziers	Install glass in windows, skylights, store fronts, and display cases, or on surfaces, such as building fronts, interior walls, ceilings, and tabletops.
47-2131	640	Insulation Workers, Floor, Ceiling, and Wall	Line and cover structures with insulating materials. May work with batt, roll, or blown insulation materials.
47-2132	640	Insulation Workers, Mechanical	Apply insulating materials to pipes or ductwork, or other mechanical systems in order to help control and maintain temperature.
47-2141	642	Painters, Construction and Maintenance	Paint walls, equipment, buildings, bridges, and other structural surfaces, using brushes, rollers, and spray guns. May remove old paint to prepare surface prior to painting. May mix colors or oils to obtain desired color or consistency. Exclude "Paperhangers" (47-2142).
47-2142	643	Paperhangers	Cover interior walls and ceilings of rooms with decorative wallpaper or fabric, or attach advertising posters on surfaces, such as walls and billboards. Duties include removing old materials from surface to be papered.
47-2151	644	Pipelayers	Lay pipe for storm or sanitation sewers, drains, and water mains. Perform any combination of the following tasks: grade trenches or culverts, position pipe, or seal joints. Exclude "Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers" (51-4121).
47-2152	644	Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters	Assemble, install, alter, and repair pipelines or pipe systems that carry water, steam, air, or other liquids or gases. May install heating and cooling equipment and mechanical control systems.
47-2161	646	Plasterers and Stucco Masons	Apply interior or exterior plaster, cement, stucco, or similar materials. May also set ornamental plaster.
47-2171	650	Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers	Position and secure steel bars or mesh in concrete forms in order to reinforce concrete. Use a variety of fasteners, rod-bending machines, blowtorches, and hand tools. Include rod busters.
47-2181	651	Roofers	Cover roofs of structures with shingles, slate, asphalt, aluminum, wood, and related materials. May spray roofs, sidings, and walls with material to bind, seal, insulate, or soundproof sections of structures.
47-2211	652	Sheet Metal Workers	Fabricate, assemble, install, and repair sheet metal products and equipment, such as ducts, control boxes, drainpipes, and furnace casings. Work may involve any of the following: setting up and operating fabricating machines to cut, bend, and straighten sheet metal; shaping metal over anvils, blocks, or forms using hammer; operating soldering and welding equipment to join sheet metal parts; inspecting, assembling, and smoothing seams and joints of burred surfaces. Include sheet metal duct installers who install prefabricated sheet metal ducts used for heating, air conditioning, or other purposes.
47-2221	653	Structural Iron and Steel Workers	Raise, place, and unite iron or steel girders, columns, and other structural members to form completed structures or structural frameworks. May erect metal storage tanks and assemble prefabricated metal buildings. Exclude "Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers" (47-2171).
47-3011	660	Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters	Help brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, or tile and marble setters by performing duties of lesser skill. Duties include using, supplying or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Exclude apprentice workers and report them with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2221). Exclude construction laborers who do not primarily assist brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons or tile and marble setters, and classify them under "Construction Laborers" (47-2061).
47-3012	660	Helpers--Carpenters	Help carpenters by performing duties of lesser skill. Duties include using, supplying or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Exclude apprentice workers and report them with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2221). Exclude construction laborers who do not primarily assist carpenters, and classify them under "Construction Laborers" (47-2061).
47-3013	660	Helpers--Electricians	Help electricians by performing duties of lesser skill. Duties include using, supplying or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Exclude apprentice workers and report them with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2221). Exclude construction laborers who do not primarily assist electricians, and classify them under "Construction Laborers" (47-2061).
47-3014	660	Helpers--Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons	Help painters, paperhangers, plasterers, or stucco masons by performing duties of lesser skill. Duties include using, supplying or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Exclude apprentice workers and report them with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2221). Exclude construction laborers who do not primarily assist painters, paperhangers, plasterers, or stucco masons, and classify them under "Construction Laborers" (47-2061).
47-3015	660	Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters	Help plumbers, pipefitters, steamfitters, or pipelayers by performing duties of lesser skill. Duties include using, supplying or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Exclude apprentice workers and report them with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2221). Exclude construction laborers who do not primarily assist plumbers, pipefitters, steamfitters, or pipelayers, and classify them under "Construction Laborers" (47-2061).
47-3016	660	Helpers--Roofers	Help roofers by performing duties of lesser skill. Duties include using, supplying or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Exclude apprentice workers and report them with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2221). Exclude construction laborers who do not primarily assist roofers, and classify them under "Construction Laborers" (47-2061).
47-3019	660	Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other	All construction trades helpers not listed separately.
47-4011	666	Construction and Building Inspectors	Inspect structures using engineering skills to determine structural soundness and compliance with specifications, building codes, and other regulations. Inspections may be general in nature or may be limited to a specific area, such as electrical systems or plumbing.
47-4021	670	Elevator Installers and Repairers	Assemble, install, repair, or maintain electric or hydraulic freight or passenger elevators, escalators, or dumbwaiters.
47-4031	671	Fence Erectors	Erect and repair metal and wooden fences and fence gates around highways, industrial establishments, residences, or farms, using hand and power tools.
47-4041	672	Hazardous Materials Removal Workers	Identify, remove, pack, transport, or dispose of hazardous materials, including asbestos, lead-based paint, waste oil, fuel, transmission fluid, radioactive materials, contaminated soil, etc. Specialized training and certification in hazardous materials handling or a confined entry permit are generally required. May operate earth-moving equipment or trucks.
47-4051	673	Highway Maintenance Workers	Maintain highways, municipal and rural roads, airport runways, and rights-of-way. Duties include patching broken or eroded pavement, repairing guard rails, highway markers, and snow fences. May also mow or clear brush from along road or plow snow from roadway. Exclude "Tree Trimmers and Pruners" (37-3013).
47-4061	674	Rail-Track Laying and Maintenance Equipment Operators	Lay, repair, and maintain track for standard or narrow-gauge railroad equipment used in regular railroad service or in plant yards, quarries, sand and gravel pits, and mines. Include ballast cleaning machine operators and road bed tamping machine operators.
47-4071	675	Septic Tank Servicers and Sewer Pipe Cleaners	Clean and repair septic tanks, sewer lines, or drains. May patch walls and partitions of tank, replace damaged drain tile, or repair breaks in underground piping.
47-4099	676	Construction and Related Workers, All Other	All construction and related workers not listed separately.
47-5011	680	Derrick Operators, Oil and Gas	Rig derrick equipment and operate pumps to circulate mud through drill hole.
47-5012	680	Rotary Drill Operators, Oil and Gas	Set up or operate a variety of drills to remove petroleum products from the earth and to find and remove core samples for testing during oil and gas exploration.
47-5013	680	Service Unit Operators, Oil, Gas, and Mining	Operate equipment to increase oil flow from producing wells or to remove stuck pipe, casing, tools, or other obstructions from drilling wells. May also perform similar services in mining exploration operations. Include fishing-tool technicians.
47-5021	682	Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas	Operate a variety of drills--such as rotary, churn, and pneumatic--to tap sub-surface water and salt deposits, to remove core samples during mineral exploration or soil testing, and to facilitate the use of explosives in mining or construction. May use explosives. Include horizontal and earth boring machine operators.
47-5031	683	Explosives Workers, Ordnance Handling Experts, and Blasters	Place and detonate explosives to demolish structures or to loosen, remove, or displace earth, rock, or other materials. May perform specialized handling, storage, and accounting procedures. Include seismograph shooters. Exclude "Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas" (47-5021) who may also work with explosives.
47-5041	684	Continuous Mining Machine Operators	Operate self-propelled mining machines that rip coal, metal and nonmetal ores, rock, stone, or sand from the face and load it onto conveyors or into shuttle cars in a continuous operation.
47-5042	684	Mine Cutting and Channeling Machine Operators	Operate machinery--such as longwall shears, plows, and cutting machines--to cut or channel along the face or seams of coal mines, stone quarries, or other mining surfaces to facilitate blasting, separating, or removing minerals or materials from mines or from the earth's surface. Include shale planers.
47-5049	684	Mining Machine Operators, All Other	All mining machine operators not listed separately.
47-5051	694	Rock Splitters, Quarry	Separate blocks of rough dimension stone from quarry mass using jackhammer and wedges.
47-5061	691	Roof Bolters, Mining	Operate machinery to install roof support bolts in underground mine.
47-5071	692	Roustabouts, Oil and Gas	Assemble or repair oil field equipment using hand and power tools. Perform other tasks as needed.
47-5081	693	Helpers--Extraction Workers	Help extraction craft workers, such as earth drillers, blasters and explosives workers, derrick operators, and mining machine operators, by performing duties of lesser skill. Duties include supplying equipment or cleaning work area. Exclude apprentice workers and report them with the appropriate extraction trade occupation (47-5011 through 47-5099).
47-5099	694	Extraction Workers, All Other	All extraction workers not listed separately.
49-1011	700	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers	Supervise and coordinate the activities of mechanics, installers, and repairers. Exclude team or work leaders.
49-2011	701	Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers	Repair, maintain, or install computers, word processing systems, automated teller machines, and electronic office machines, such as duplicating and fax machines.
49-2021	702	Radio Mechanics	Test or repair mobile or stationary radio transmitting and receiving equipment and two-way radio communications systems used in ship-to-shore communications and found in service and emergency vehicles.
49-2022	702	Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except Line Installers	Set-up, rearrange, or remove switching and dialing equipment used in central offices. Service or repair telephones and other communication equipment on customers' property. May install equipment in new locations or install wiring and telephone jacks in buildings under construction.
49-2091	703	Avionics Technicians	Install, inspect, test, adjust, or repair avionics equipment, such as radar, radio, navigation, and missile control systems in aircraft or space vehicles.
49-2092	704	Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers	Repair, maintain, or install electric motors, wiring, or switches.
49-2093	705	Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment	Install, adjust, or maintain mobile electronics communication equipment, including sound, sonar, security, navigation, and surveillance systems on trains, watercraft, or other mobile equipment. Exclude "Avionics Technicians" (49-2091) and "Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles" (49-2096).
49-2094	710	Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment	Repair, test, adjust, or install electronic equipment, such as industrial controls, transmitters, and antennas. Exclude "Avionics Technicians" (49-2091), "Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles" (49-2096), and "Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment" (49-2093).
49-2095	710	Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay	Inspect, test, repair, or maintain electrical equipment in generating stations, substations, and in-service relays.
49-2096	711	Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles	Install, diagnose, or repair communications, sound, security, or navigation equipment in motor vehicles.
49-2097	712	Electronic Home Entertainment Equipment Installers and Repairers	Repair, adjust, or install audio or television receivers, stereo systems, camcorders, video systems, or other electronic home entertainment equipment.
49-2098	713	Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers	Install, program, maintain, and repair security and fire alarm wiring and equipment. Ensure that work is in accordance with relevant codes. Exclude "Electricians" (47-2111) who do a broad range of electrical wiring.
49-3011	714	Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians	Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul aircraft engines and assemblies, such as hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Include helicopter and aircraft engine specialists. Exclude "Avionics Technician" (49-2091).
49-3021	715	Automotive Body and Related Repairers	Repair and refinish automotive vehicle bodies and straighten vehicle frames. Exclude "Painters, Transportation Equipment" (51-9122) and "Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers" (49-3022).
49-3022	716	Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers	Replace or repair broken windshields and window glass in motor vehicles.
49-3023	720	Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics	Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul automotive vehicles. Exclude "Automotive Body and Related Repairers" (49-3021), "Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists" (49-3031), and "Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles" (49-2096).
49-3031	721	Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists	Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul trucks, buses, and all types of diesel engines. Include mechanics working primarily with automobile diesel engines.
49-3041	722	Farm Equipment Mechanics	Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul farm machinery and vehicles, such as tractors, harvesters, dairy equipment, and irrigation systems. Exclude "Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists" (49-3031).
49-3042	722	Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines	Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul mobile mechanical, hydraulic, and pneumatic equipment, such as cranes, bulldozers, graders, and conveyors, used in construction, logging, and surface mining. Exclude "Rail Car Repairers" (49-3043) and "Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists" (49-3031).
49-3043	722	Rail Car Repairers	Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul railroad rolling stock, mine cars, or mass transit rail cars. Exclude "Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists" (49-3031).
49-3051	724	Motorboat Mechanics	Repairs and adjusts electrical and mechanical equipment of gasoline or diesel powered inboard or inboard-outboard boat engines. Exclude "Diesel Engine Specialists" (49-3031).
49-3052	724	Motorcycle Mechanics	Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul motorcycles, scooters, mopeds, dirt bikes, or similar motorized vehicles.
49-3053	724	Outdoor Power Equipment and Other Small Engine Mechanics	Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul small engines used to power lawn mowers, chain saws, and related equipment.
49-3091	726	Bicycle Repairers	Repair and service bicycles.
49-3092	726	Recreational Vehicle Service Technicians	Diagnose, inspect, adjust, repair, or overhaul recreational vehicles including travel trailers. May specialize in maintaining gas, electrical, hydraulic, plumbing, or chassis/towing systems as well as repairing generators, appliances, and interior components. Include workers who perform customized van conversions. Exclude "Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics" (49-3023) and "Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists" (49-3031) who also work on recreation vehicles.
49-3093	726	Tire Repairers and Changers	Repair and replace tires.
49-9011	730	Mechanical Door Repairers	Install, service, or repair opening and closing mechanisms of automatic doors and hydraulic door closers. Include garage door mechanics.
49-9012	730	Control and Valve Installers and Repairers, Except Mechanical Door	Install, repair, and maintain mechanical regulating and controlling devices, such as electric meters, gas regulators, thermostats, safety and flow valves, and other mechanical governors.
49-9021	731	Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers	Install or repair heating, central air conditioning, or refrigeration systems, including oil burners, hot-air furnaces, and heating stoves.
49-9031	732	Home Appliance Repairers	Repair, adjust, or install all types of electric or gas household appliances, such as refrigerators, washers, dryers, and ovens.
49-9041	733	Industrial Machinery Mechanics	Repair, install, adjust, or maintain industrial production and processing machinery or refinery and pipeline distribution systems. Exclude "Millwrights" (49-9044), "Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines" (49-3042), and "Maintenance Workers, Machinery" (49-9043) who perform only routine tasks.
49-9042	734	Maintenance and Repair Workers, General	Perform work involving the skills of two or more maintenance or craft occupations to keep machines, mechanical equipment, or the structure of an establishment in repair. Duties may involve pipe fitting; boiler making; insulating; welding; machining; carpentry; repairing electrical or mechanical equipment; installing, aligning, and balancing new equipment; and repairing buildings, floors, or stairs. Exclude "Maintenance Workers, Machinery" (49-9043).
49-9043	735	Maintenance Workers, Machinery	Lubricate machinery, change parts, or perform other routine machinery maintenance. Exclude "Maintenance and Repair Workers, General" (49-9042).
49-9044	736	Millwrights	Install, dismantle, or move machinery and heavy equipment according to layout plans, blueprints, or other drawings.
49-9045	733	Refractory Materials Repairers, Except Brickmasons	Build or repair furnaces, kilns, cupolas, boilers, converters, ladles, soaking pits, ovens, etc., using refractory materials.
49-9051	741	Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers	Install or repair cables or wires used in electrical power or distribution systems. May erect poles and light or heavy duty transmission towers. Exclude "Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay" (49-2095).
49-9052	742	Telecommunications Line Installers and Repairers	String and repair telephone and television cable, including fiber optics and other equipment for transmitting messages or television programming.
49-9061	743	Camera and Photographic Equipment Repairers	Repair and adjust cameras and photographic equipment, including commercial video and motion picture camera equipment.
49-9062	743	Medical Equipment Repairers	Test, adjust, or repair biomedical or electromedical equipment.
49-9063	743	Musical Instrument Repairers and Tuners	Repair percussion, stringed, reed, or wind instruments. May specialize in one area, such as piano tuning. Exclude "Electronic Home Entertainment Equipment Installers and Repairers" (49-2097) who repair electrical and electronic musical instruments.
49-9064	743	Watch Repairers	Repair, clean, and adjust mechanisms of timing instruments, such as watches and clocks. Include watchmakers.
49-9069	743	Precision Instrument and Equipment Repairers, All Other	All precision instrument and equipment repairers not listed separately.
49-9091	751	Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers	Install, service, adjust, or repair coin, vending, or amusement machines including video games, juke boxes, pinball machines, or slot machines.
49-9092	752	Commercial Divers	Work below surface of water, using scuba gear to inspect, repair, remove, or install equipment and structures. May use a variety of power and hand tools, such as drills, sledgehammers, torches, and welding equipment. May conduct tests or experiments, rig explosives, or photograph structures or marine life. Exclude "Fishers and Related Fishing Workers" (45-3011), "Athletes and Sports Competitors" (27-2021), and "Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers" (33-3051).
49-9093	762	Fabric Menders, Except Garment	Repair tears, holes, and other defects in fabrics, such as draperies, linens, parachutes, and tents.
49-9094	754	Locksmiths and Safe Repairers	Repair and open locks; make keys; change locks and safe combinations; and install and repair safes.
49-9095	755	Manufactured Building and Mobile Home Installers	Move or install mobile homes or prefabricated buildings.
49-9096	756	Riggers	Set up or repair rigging for construction projects, manufacturing plants, logging yards, ships and shipyards, or for the entertainment industry.
49-9097	760	Signal and Track Switch Repairers	Install, inspect, test, maintain, or repair electric gate crossings, signals, signal equipment, track switches, section lines, or intercommunications systems within a railroad system.
49-9098	761	Helpers--Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers	Help installation, maintenance, and repair workers in maintenance, parts replacement, and repair of vehicles, industrial machinery, and electrical and electronic equipment. Perform duties, such as furnishing tools, materials, and supplies to other workers; cleaning work area, machines, and tools; and holding materials or tools for other workers.
49-9099	762	Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other	All mechanical, installation, and repair workers and helpers not listed separately.
51-1011	770	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Production and Operating Workers	Supervise and coordinate the activities of production and operating workers, such as inspectors, precision workers, machine setters and operators, assemblers, fabricators, and plant and system operators. Exclude team or work leaders.
51-2011	771	Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers	Assemble, fit, fasten, and install parts of airplanes, space vehicles, or missiles, such as tails, wings, fuselage, bulkheads, stabilizers, landing gear, rigging and control equipment, or heating and ventilating systems.
51-2021	772	Coil Winders, Tapers, and Finishers	Wind wire coils used in electrical components, such as resistors and transformers, and in electrical equipment and instruments, such as field cores, bobbins, armature cores, electrical motors, generators, and control equipment.
51-2022	772	Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers	Assemble or modify electrical or electronic equipment, such as computers, test equipment telemetering systems, electric motors, and batteries.
51-2023	772	Electromechanical Equipment Assemblers	Assemble or modify electromechanical equipment or devices, such as servomechanisms, gyros, dynamometers, magnetic drums, tape drives, brakes, control linkage, actuators, and appliances.
51-2031	773	Engine and Other Machine Assemblers	Construct, assemble, or rebuild machines, such as engines, turbines, and similar equipment used in such industries as construction, extraction, textiles, and paper manufacturing.
51-2041	774	Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters	Fabricate, lay out, position, align, and fit parts of structural metal products.
51-2091	775	Fiberglass Laminators and Fabricators	Laminate layers of fiberglass on molds to form boat decks and hulls, bodies for golf carts, automobiles, or other products.
51-2092	775	Team Assemblers	Work as part of a team having responsibility for assembling an entire product or component of a product. Team assemblers can perform all tasks conducted by the team in the assembly process and rotate through all or most of them rather than being assigned to a specific task on a permanent basis. May participate in making management decisions affecting the work. Team leaders who work as part of the team should be included. Exclude assemblers (51-2011 through 51-2099) who continuously perform the same task.
51-2093	775	Timing Device Assemblers, Adjusters, and Calibrators	Perform precision assembling or adjusting, within narrow tolerances, of timing devices, such as watches, clocks, or chronometers. Exclude "Watch Repairers" (49-9064).
51-2099	775	Assemblers and Fabricators, All Other	All assemblers and fabricators not listed separately.
51-3011	780	Bakers	Mix and bake ingredients according to recipes to produce breads, rolls, cookies, cakes, pies, pastries, or other baked goods. Include pastry chefs in restaurants and hotels with "Chefs and Head Cooks" (35-1011).
51-3021	781	Butchers and Meat Cutters	Cut, trim, or prepare consumer-sized portions of meat for use or sale in retail establishments.
51-3022	781	Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers	Use hand tools to perform routine cutting and trimming of meat, poultry, and fish.
51-3023	781	Slaughterers and Meat Packers	Work in slaughtering, meat packing, or wholesale establishments performing precision functions involving the preparation of meat. Work may include specialized slaughtering tasks, cutting standard or premium cuts of meat for marketing, making sausage, or wrapping meats. Exclude "Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers" (51-3022) who perform routine, lower-skilled meat cutting.
51-3091	783	Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders	Operate or tend food or tobacco roasting, baking, or drying equipment, including hearth ovens, kiln driers, roasters, char kilns, and vacuum drying equipment.
51-3092	784	Food Batchmakers	Set up and operate equipment that mixes or blends ingredients used in the manufacturing of food products. Include candy makers and cheese makers.
51-3093	785	Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders	Operate or tend cooking equipment, such as steam cooking vats, deep fry cookers, pressure cookers, kettles, and boilers, to prepare food products. Exclude "Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders" (51-3091).
51-4011	790	Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators, Metal and Plastic	Operate computer-controlled machines or robots to perform one or more machine functions on metal or plastic work pieces.
51-4012	790	Numerical Tool and Process Control Programmers	Develop programs to control machining or processing of parts by automatic machine tools, equipment, or systems.
51-4021	792	Extruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	Set up, operate, or tend machines to extrude or draw thermoplastic or metal materials into tubes, rods, hoses, wire, bars, or structural shapes.
51-4022	793	Forging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	Set up, operate, or tend forging machines to taper, shape, or form metal or plastic parts.
51-4023	794	Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	Set up, operate, or tend machines to roll steel or plastic forming bends, beads, knurls, rolls, or plate or to flatten, temper, or reduce gauge of material.
51-4031	795	Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	Set up, operate, or tend machines to saw, cut, shear, slit, punch, crimp, notch, bend, or straighten metal or plastic material.
51-4032	796	Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	Set up, operate, or tend drilling machines to drill, bore, ream, mill, or countersink metal or plastic work pieces.
51-4033	800	Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	Set up, operate, or tend grinding and related tools that remove excess material or burrs from surfaces, sharpen edges or corners, or buff, hone, or polish metal or plastic work pieces.
51-4034	801	Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	Set up, operate, or tend lathe and turning machines to turn, bore, thread, form, or face metal or plastic materials, such as wire, rod, or bar stock.
51-4035	802	Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	Set up, operate, or tend milling or planing machines to mill, plane, shape, groove, or profile metal or plastic work pieces.
51-4041	803	Machinists	Set up and operate a variety of machine tools to produce precision parts and instruments. Include precision instrument makers who fabricate, modify, or repair mechanical instruments. May also fabricate and modify parts to make or repair machine tools or maintain industrial machines, applying knowledge of mechanics, shop mathematics, metal properties, layout, and machining procedures.
51-4051	804	Metal-Refining Furnace Operators and Tenders	Operate or tend furnaces, such as gas, oil, coal, electric-arc or electric induction, open-hearth, or oxygen furnaces, to melt and refine metal before casting or to produce specified types of steel. Exclude "Heat Treating Equipment Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic" (51-4191).
51-4052	804	Pourers and Casters, Metal	Operate hand-controlled mechanisms to pour and regulate the flow of molten metal into molds to produce castings or ingots.
51-4061	806	Model Makers, Metal and Plastic	Set up and operate machines, such as lathes, milling and engraving machines, and jig borers to make working models of metal or plastic objects. Include template makers.
51-4062	806	Patternmakers, Metal and Plastic	Lay out, machine, fit, and assemble castings and parts to metal or plastic foundry patterns, core boxes, or match plates.
51-4071	810	Foundry Mold and Coremakers	Make or form wax or sand cores or molds used in the production of metal castings in foundries.
51-4072	810	Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	Set up, operate, or tend metal or plastic molding, casting, or coremaking machines to mold or cast metal or thermoplastic parts or products.
51-4081	812	Multiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	Set up, operate, or tend more than one type of cutting or forming machine tool or robot.
51-4111	813	Tool and Die Makers	Analyze specifications, lay out metal stock, set up and operate machine tools, and fit and assemble parts to make and repair dies, cutting tools, jigs, fixtures, gauges, and machinists' hand tools.
51-4121	814	Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers	Use hand-welding, flame-cutting, hand soldering, or brazing equipmen