Table 8
                                         Comparison of Basic Needs Measures with
                                                Other Studies of Hardship

Source:  U.S. Bureau of the Census
Internet Release date:  December 31, 1998

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                                              SIPP Basic Needs          Cook et al.    Edin & Lein, Single
                                                  Questions                 Chicago     mothers 1989-1992
                                          1991        1992        1993      1983-85     Welfare    Employed
                                      (percent)   (percent)   (percent)   (percent)   (percent)   (percent)
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Did not pay rent or mortgage                 8           8           6          12
Received help when                          23          24          24          36
rent/mortgage not paid
Was evicted                                0.5         0.5         0.4         0.6           9           8
Had utilities shut off                       2           2           1           7          17          17
Phone cut off or no phone                    4           4           3                      34          36
Didn't see doctor for needed care            7           8           5          10           7          39
Didn't see dentist for needed care           9          10           6          18
Not enough money for food                    2           2           4                      31          24
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