WPCP 1/`f#N2/`WS=Y h[&cE[l˚ 5y&V2hd:ܓXmȢU Uav=q0 0U? 0@ 0@ 0JA 0A 1zB 0WCWC 0tDtD 0KE 0EE 0aFaFaF 0G 0H;H 02I 0cI 01J 0cJ 0c\K 0KK 0iL 0 M 0M 0CN 0N 0aOaOaOaO 0@O )%P%P%P%P%P%P%P%P%P%P%P%P 1NP\\CENSUS\PRED-TR2-2-HP8000-3A.PRED.DECENNIAL.HQ.CENSUS0(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularX($USUS.,(9 Z 6Times New Roman Regular+)x  0Times New Roman Bold  ($USUS.,    2    _ XXThetypesofGQsinwhichresidentswerenoteligibletodeclareaUHEwereprisons,juvenileinstitutions, e hospitalfacilities,nursinghomes,collegedormitories,emergencyshelters,andtargetednonshelteredoutdoor ) locations.AllotherswhofilledoutGQquestionnaireswereeligibletodeclareaUHE,includingarmedforces  personnel,thoseenumeratedatsoupkitchensandregularlyscheduledmobilefoodvans,residentsofgrouphomes, L workerdormitories,civilianships,andreligiousGQs.#XX e#dB  ԍ(1,page9,R15)C  d  ѐTABLE ALevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 53#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a) i)6/ **/:i+003|x(ULevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5&0 d d!4567:;<sA37;?CGKOS-*+x(hH  Z6Times New Roman Regular   Vqq H.Eval 1Level one for EvalsXh3XXXXh3XXXh3  'XXX'Xh3XXXXh3XXXh3  'XXX'(.(3($ !USUS.,      0  ?  d@(;3$2#  0  .3  0  (#$  0  RU U .Eval 2Level 2 for EvalsXh3XXX  *xXX*  Xh3XXX  *xXX*04GIOU[cksy???????????1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)    ($USUS.,    4    _&/ %XX#XX %&/e# XXThedatainTable1includecountsfromPuertoRico.#XX #*+ (_2623  ..TABLE A*D+D (_25   ," <DL,23  ..," <DL,   TABLE Cp7!4567:;<`olEGKQU[_cgAutoList49A.1.1)a)%i)TABLE D!4567:;<`,EGKQUY]aeAutoList22A.1)a)  ($USUS.,    9    _ XXTheestimateofduplicationbetweenhousingunitsandgroupquartersintheA.C.E.RevisionIIwassimilar  totheESCAPIIestimate.TherearenoadditionalestimatesfromA.C.E.RevisionIIonpeopleduplicatedtoGQs t outsidetheA.C.E.searcharea.B  d(3a,page1,R1)dC  #XX e#Ԩ44567:;<x nACGKOSW[_ExecSum1(i)1)a)(O;$0  2#  a  .3  0` (#(#(b$0  0` (#(#2#   .3  0 ` (#` (#(xir$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#2#(  0  )3  0 (# (#($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#2#(  a  )3  0h(#(#TABLE B(F$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#2#(   )3  0h(#h(#($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#2#  0  )3  0(#(#({$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#2#  a  )3  0p(#(#Table_A!4567:;<`&/EGKQUY]aeAutoList50A.1)a)(F$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#0p(#(#2#     )3  0p(#p(# !4567:;<x3BGaeimquy}Bullet ListBullets List3?C\`O  , deUULevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(O Z(Times New Roman   ($USUS.,    10    _ XXSourcematerialssuggestthattherewereasizablenumberofproblemswithgeocodingspecialplacesand  GQsandthattheseproblemsresultedingeographicmisallocationofGQsindatatabulations.B  d(7,page9,R30)dC  ԀReviewersofthis t papersuggestedgeocodingproblemsasarecurringtheme.However,whiletheCensusBureauisawareofthe 8 geocodingproblemsandisworkingtoaddressthemforthe2010Census,thereisnoformaldocumentationthat L couldbeusedasinputforthisreport.#XX f#(Vm$0     ($USUS.,    7    _ XXSBEfacilitieswereexcludedbecauseunduplicationwasalreadybeingdoneontheservicebased  population;correctionalfacilitiesandmilitaryGQswereexcludedbecauseoftheunlikelihoodofmatchingHUsto t prisonsandbarracksontheMasterAddressFile.B  d(1,page37,R26)dC  #XX e#  ($USUS.,    8    _ XXEstimatesarewitha95percentconfidenceinterval.#XX e#B  d(1,page37,R27)dC   ($USUS.,    3    _ XX#XX e# XXInCensus2000,someadministratorsofgroupquarterscitedbothFederalandstatelawsthatprevented  themfromallowingcensustakersaccesstorecordsorentryontothepremisestointerviewinhabitants.Issueswere t raisedwithregardtoeducationalandmedicalrecords,nursinghomes,anddrugandalcoholabusefacilities.Census 8 enumeratorseventuallygotintoeveryfacility,butthereisaneedtoknowwhatFederaland/orstatelawsexistsothat L theCensusBureaucanproactivelydevelopmeasurestoovercomethisproblemforthe2010Census.B  d(26,page1,R1)dC    AfterCensus2000,theCensusBureaufundedacontractwithPrivacyJournalto1)researchandidentifyFederaland H  statelawsthatcouldbeinterpretedtopreventaccessbycensusenumeratorstothephysicalfacilitiesofgroup  \ quartersortotherecordsoninhabitantsofthegroupquarters,2)describeeachsuchlaw,3)consultwithCensus   Bureauspecialiststoresolveanyquestions,4)organizedescriptionsoflawsbytype,and5)prepareinterimandfinal    reports.B  d(26,page1,R2)dC   X   Theresultingreportdistinguishesbetweenaccesstofacilitiesandaccesstorecords.Thelawsandrequirementson  0  accesstorecordsaremorehighlydevelopedthanlawsorrequirementsonaccesstofacilities.B  d(26,page2,R3)dC  ԀInshort,Privacy   Journalsresearchuncoveredonlyafewinstanceswherethereisalawthatcouldbecitedtodenyphysicalaccessto h  censusworkers.Proprietorsofgroupquartersmayhavebeenreactingtoageneralizedconcernaboutprivacyortoa ,|  generalmemorythattherearelawsonthebookspreventingaccess.B  d(26,pages12,R4)dC   @  Whenconfrontedwithdenialsofaccess,Censusworkersshouldbeabletoconsultwithalegaladvisorwhohason x  fileareportliketheonepreparedbyPrivacyJournal.#XX #B  d(26,page3,R5)C  dKH:\MURAWSKI\LATESTMO\1CPOSTAG.TIFWPC   !!!"""###$$$%%%&&&'''((()))***+++,,,---...///000111222333444555666777888999:::;;;<<<===>>>???@@@AAABBBCCCDDDEEEFFFGGGHHHIIIJJJKKKLLLMMMNNNOOOPPPQQQRRRSSSTTTUUUVVVWWWXXXYYYZZZ[[[\\\]]]^^^___```aaabbbcccdddeeefffggghhhiiijjjkkklllmmmnnnooopppqqqrrrssstttuuuvvvwwwxxxyyyzzz{{{|||}}}~~~o}sϏO/??oL߯O? 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L  *>> (_17  2( 4 <DL223  Ԁ2( 4 <DL2  *DD (_16   ," <DL,23  Ԁ," <DL,   *55 (_15  ) <DL)23  Ԁ) <DL)  *22 (_14 ` &<<DL&23  Ԁ&<<DL& ` *// (_13  #DL#23  Ԁ#DL#  *,, (_12   DL 23  Ԁ DL  *)) (_11 h DDL23  ԀDDL h RQ37AM]ak1. 1.1 1.1.1 -- 1.1.1.1.1.11.1.1.1.1.1.11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1FM=M!$Section Headings  X*XXXQuXX*2  0  .3  0 @   X*XXXQuXX*@"S"$X.X. headingseXX 2  0  .  0  ڀ3  0  eXX *&& (_10  L23  ԀL  (## &_9   L23  Ԁ L  (>> &_8  2( 4 <DL223  2( 4 <DL2  B"^"ey$X.X.X headingsXX2  0  .  0  .  0  ڀ3  XX('<'-$'XXX'0  23  0(#(#'XXX'page page chapter volume footnote endnote (M' $0  'XXX'2--3  'XXX'(;$2#(   )3  0  (DD &_7   ," <DL,23  ," <DL,   (;$2#  0  )3  0  (;3$2#  a  )3  0  (55 &_6  ) <DL)23  ) <DL)  (22 &_5 ` &<<DL&23  &<<DL& ` (// &_4  #DL#23  #DL#  (,, &_3   DL 23   DL  ()) &_2 h DDL23  DDL h (&& &_1  L23  L  &## $_   L23   L  (H$0   List of Tables(EEGMSY_ekqAutoList571.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. !USUS.,  _ ]XXCensus2000Testing,Experimentation,  andEvaluationProgram#XX ]=#0 h 0h(#h(#0(#(#0p(#(#0p(#p(#September17,2003:(#(#    `     h      p  ]XXA) xdVE#xA $t #XX ]# TopicReportSeries,No.5  ]XX   h      p      m    `  #XX ]|#( (& XXSpecialPlace/Group A  QuartersEnumeration#XX& ( (O# ]XX %u     `     h #XX ]# ]XX#XX ]a#Qualityassuranceprocedureswereappliedthroughoutthecreationofthisreport.XX  #XX# ]XX#XX ]M#Thistopicreportintegratesfindingsandprovidescontextandbackgroundforinterpretationof - resultsfromCensus2000evaluations,tests,andotherresearchundertakenbytheU.S.Census  Bureau.Itispartofabroadprogram,theCensus2000Testing,Experimentation,andEvaluation  program,designedtoassessCensus2000andtoinform2010Censusplanning.  XX#XXK#XXXX ]XX   `     h      p FlorenceH.Abramson $ A) xdME%xA %%! 0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#0p(#(#Planning,Research,and %4! Evaluation#XX ]# ]XXDivision'n"p(#p(# #XX ] ##XXXX#0XX 0#X X 3 ##XX XXR #XXXX ]XXq[J=-)`~0+  `(*E+  H+o )q (#(#  # ] ] ##XX ] #-h(  ЇTheCensus2000Testing,Experimentation,andEvaluationProgramprovidesmeasuresof  effectivenessfortheCensus2000design,operations,systems,andprocessesandprovides  informationonthevalueofnewordifferentmethodologies.Theresultsandrecommendations t fromtheseanalysesprovidevaluableinformationcrucialtoplanningthe2010Census.By ` providingmeasuresofhowwellCensus2000wasconducted,thisprogramfullysupportsthe L  CensusBureausstrategytointegratethe2010earlyplanningprocesswithongoingMaster 8  AddressFile/TIGERenhancementsandtheannualAmericanCommunitySurvey.Thepurpose $ t ofthereportthatfollowsistosynthesizeresultsfromCensus2000evaluations,experiments,and  ` otherassessmentsandtomakerecommendationsforplanningthe2010Census.Census2000  L  Testing,Experimentation,andEvaluationreportsareavailableontheCensusBureausInternet  8  siteat:http://www.census.gov/pred/www/. $     @-(,  TABLEOFCONTENTS   S   FVm  FVm`0     1.0(#(#BACKGROUND#""J(#. (#(##1FVm`|݌  Ќ  Q!  Q!00  0` (#(#    1.10` ` (#` (#ScopeoftheTopicReport#""J(#.-` (#` (##1Q!0K݌ t Ќ  Q!  Q!#0  0` (#(#    1.20` ` (#` (#Introduction#""J(#.8 8 ` (#` (##2Q!#>݌ ` Ќ  Q!  Q! 0  0` (#(#    1.3 ` HistoricalBackground#""J(#.rr)` (#` (##2Q! $݌ L  Ќ  Q!  Q!0  0` (#(#    1.40` ` (#` (#SP/GQOperationalBackground#""J(#.vv0` (#` (##6Q! ݌ 8  Ќ  FVm  FVm0     2.0(#(#METHODS#`"`"I(#. (#(##10FVm݌  ` Ќ  Q!  Q!0  0` (#(#    2.10` ` (#` (#EvaluationsE.5andE.6#`"`"I(#.+` (#` (##10Q!݌  L  Ќ  Q!  Q!0  0` (#(#    2.20` ` (#` (#ESCAPIIReport6#`"`"I(#.ff%` (#` (##10Q!݌  8  Ќ  Q!  Q!0  0` (#(#    2.30` ` (#` (#DecennialManagementDivision(DMD)OperationalAssessments#`"`"I(#.FFO` (#` (##10Q!݌ $  Ќ  Q!  Q!0  0` (#(#    2.40` ` (#` (#DecennialStatisticalStudiesDivision(DSSD)QualityAssuranceProfiles#`"`"I(#.~ ~ \` (#` (##11Q!݌   Ќ  Q!  Q!0  0` (#(#    2.50` ` (#` (#OtherSourceDocuments#`"`"I(#.BB*` (#` (##11Q!݌   Ќ  FVm  FVm0     3.0(#(#LIMITS#`"`"I(#. (#(##11FVm݌   Ќ  Q!  Q!0  0` (#(#    3.10` ` (#` (#TopicReportLimits#`"`"I(#.'` (#` (##11Q!݌ p Ќ  Q!  Q!w0  0` (#(#    3.20` ` (#` (#SpecificLimits#`"`"I(#.((#` (#` (##12Q!w݌ \ Ќ  Q!  Q!a0  0` (#(#    3.30` ` (#` (#GeneralLimits#`"`"I(#."` (#` (##13Q!a|݌ H Ќ  FVm  FVmJ0     4.0(#(#MAJORFINDINGS#`"`"I(#.| | (#(##13FVmJf݌  p Ќ  Q!  Q! 0  0` (#(#    4.10` ` (#` (#SP/GQInventoryDevelopment#`"`"I(#.../` (#` (##13Q! : ݌  \ Ќ  Q!  Q!!0  0` (#(#    4.20` ` (#` (#Enumeration#`"`"I(#.h h ` (#` (##17Q!!0!݌ H Ќ  Q!  Q!!0  0` (#(#    4.30` ` (#` (#DataCaptureandProcessing#`"`"I(#.ff/` (#` (##27Q!!"݌ 4 Ќ  FVm  FVm"0     5.0(#(#SYNTHESISOFRESULTSANDRECOMMENDATIONSFORTHE2010CENSUS#`"`"I(#.\"\"K(#(##33FVm" #݌   Ќ  Q!  Q!#0  0` (#(#    5.10` ` (#` (#ReviseGQdefinitionsandclassificationofGQtypecodes.#`"`"I(#.N` (#` (##33Q!#$݌  Ќ  Q!  Q! %0  0` (#(#    5.20` ` (#` (#IntegrateHUandGQaddresslistdevelopmentactivities.#`"`"I(#.44L` (#` (##34Q! %$%݌  Ќ  Q!  Q!&0  0` (#(#    5.30` ` (#` (#BeginplanningtheGQenumerationearly.#`"`"I(#.<` (#` (##35Q!&7&݌  Ќ  Q!  Q!'0  0` (#(#    5.40` ` (#` (#Continueresearchonservicebasedfacilityenumerationoperations.#`"`"I(#.W` (#` (##35Q!':'݌ l Ќ  Q!  Q!=(0  0` (#(#    5.50` ` (#` (#TrackGQfacilitiesandquestionnairesthroughoutthecensus.#`"`"I(#.Q` (#` (##36Q!=(X(݌ X  Ќ  Q!  Q!U)0  0` (#(#    5.60` ` (#` (#ContinueresearchonunduplicatingpeopleinGQs.#`"`"I(#.bbE` (#` (##36Q!U)p)݌ D! Ќ  FVm  FVma*0     6.0(#(#CONCLUSION#`"`"I(#.  (#(##37FVma*}*݌ #l! Ќ  FVm  FVm2+0     7.0(#(#REFERENCES#`"`"I(#. (#(##38FVm2+N+݌ $D # Ќ  T  '#&    LISTOFTABLES   -,TABLE1:NumberofSpecialPlacesandGroupQuartersEnumerated.......................................18 t TABLE2:PercentofSmallandLargeGQsReinterviewed.........................................................24 L  TABLE3:NonIDOutcomes........................................................................................................27 $ t TABLE4:PersonsinGQsfromHouseholdandBeCountedForms............................................29  L  TABLE5:ResultsoftheSBEUnduplicationofDataCapturedPersonRecords.........................30 $  TABLE6:PercentESampleDuplicatestoPeopleOutsidetheA.C.E.SearchAreainGQs.......31    _ 8XXdd8&OY   1.0  BACKGROUND  / (#(#   1.10  ScopeoftheTopicReport  C0 (#(# TheSpecialPlace/GroupQuarters(SP/GQ)TopicReportprovidesasynthesisoftheCensus ` 2000results,lessonslearned,andrecommendationsavailableonthedevelopmentoftheSP/GQ L  inventory,theenumerationofgroupquarters,anddataprocessingoperationsthatwereuniqueto 8  thegroupquartersrecords.Specifically,thereportanswersquestionsonhoweffective $ t procedureswerefordevelopingtheinventoryofspecialplaces,howmanypeoplewere  ` enumeratedindifferenttypesofspecialplaces,howwellproceduresworked,andhow  L  proceduresmightbeimproved.  8  ThereportalsoprovidesahistoricalperspectiveonSP/GQenumerationfromthe1990Census   andthetestsleadinguptoCensus2000.SomeoperationalbackgroundfromCensus2000isalso   provided.MostofthereportisorganizedaroundthreecomponentsoftheSP/GQoperations:   inventorydevelopment,enumeration,anddatacaptureandprocessing.Thediscussionofdata   captureandprocessingismostlylimitedtoduplicationofpeopleingroupquarters. p Thereareadditionaltopicreportsthataddresssubjectsthathavesomeoverlapwiththe H informationcontainedintheSP/GQTopicReport: 4  @!4567:;<(3Bx3 "!3"  !3623B3  0    TheAddressListDevelopmentTopicReportprovidesinformationonoperationsusedto  \ developtheMasterAddressFile(MAF).Operationsusedtoincludegroupquarters H addressesontheMAFarediscussedintheSP/GQtopicreport.!367݌4(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3823B3  0    TheCoverageImprovementTopicReportprovidesinformationonthecoveragegains   fromtheservicebasedenumerationoperations.!388݌(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3923B3  0    TheCoverageMeasurementTopicReportprovidessimilarinformationtotheSP/GQ  topicreportontheevaluationofgroupquarterspersonsduplicatedinhousingunits.!39:݌l(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3S;23B3  0    TheDataCollectionTopicReportprovidesinformationonenumerationofhousingunits.!3S;;݌0" (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3`<23B3  0    TheDataProcessingTopicReportprovidesinformationonGQprocessing,including $X" issueswithtrackingGQquestionnairesandprocessingGQresponseswithUsualHome $D # Elsewhere(UHE)addresses.!3`<<݌%0!$(#(# Ќ   '#&   1.20  Introduction  > (#(# ThevastmajorityofUnitedStatesresidentsliveinhousingunits(HUs).However,several  millionpeopleintheUnitedStatesliveingroupsituations,collectivelyknownasgroupquarters t (GQs).B  d(1,page1,R32)dC  ԀWhile,overall,thedecennialcensuswasanHUbasedenumeration,uniqueoperations ` wererequiredtocompilethelistofspecialplacesandGQsanduniqueenumerationactivities L  wererequiredtoincluderesidentsofGQsinCensus2000.WithinSP/GQenumeration,there 8  werealsouniqueoperationstoidentifylocationsandtoincludepersonswithoutconventional $ t housingfortheservicebasedenumeration(SBE).  ` Basicdefinitionsoftermsusedinthereport:  8  HousingUnit(HU):AnHUcanbeahouse,anapartment,amobilehomeortrailer,agroupof   rooms,orasingleroomthatisoccupiedasaseparatelivingquarters,or,ifvacant,isintendedfor   occupancyasaseparatelivingquarters.   GroupQuarters(GQ):TheCensusBureaudefinesGQsasplaceswherepeopleliveorstayother p thantheusualhouse,apartment,ormobilehome.ExamplesofGQsincludecollegeand \ universitydormitories,hospital/prisonwards,andnursinghomes.B  d(12,page1,R6)dC  ԀForpurposesofevaluation, H theGQtypeswereclassifiedintoeightbroadcategories:CorrectionalFacilities,Juvenile 4 Institutions,NursingHomes,Hospitals,CollegesandUniversities,MilitaryInstallations,SBE  p FacilitiesandOtherGQs,andGroupHomes.B  d(1,page2,R36)dC  Ԁ  \ SpecialPlace:Aspecialplaceisanadministrativeentitycontainingoneormoregroupquarters 4 wherepeopleliveorstayB  d(1,pagev,R64)dC  ,suchasacollegeoruniversity,nursinghome,hospital,correctional   facility,ormilitaryinstallationorshipB  d(1,page20,R65)dC  .AspecialplacecanincludeoneormoreGQs.B  d(1,page21,R34)dC  ԀTherecan   alsobeHUsatthespecialplace,forexampleacollegepresidentshomeonacollegecampus.B  d(1,page11,R66)dC      1.3  HistoricalBackground H   6"4 4 <DLX6DXXXXSincetheCensus2000operationalplanforGQenumerationcalledformostlyusingthesame X  basic1990Censusoperationswithsomemodifications,mostofthetestinginvolvingGQsduring D! thedecadeleadinguptoCensus2000concentratedonrevisingtheapproachtoenumerating 0"  peoplewithoutconventionalhousing.#XXXDX1I#ԀThefollowingdescribesthetestsinvolvingSBE #l! enumeration.Themajordifferencesbetweenthe1990CensusandCensus2000SP/GQ $X" inventorydevelopmentandenumerationmethodsarenotedinSection1.4. $D #   &"% Inthe1990Census,ShelterandStreetNight(SNight)wasanoperationdesignedtocount  personslivinginpublicandprivateshelters,preidentifiedplacesofcommerce(e.g.,busand  trainstations),andpreidentifiedstreetlocationswherepeoplewerevisibleonthestreetsduring  theearlymorninghours.B  d(22A,page652,R4)dC  ԀAdvocatesforthepeopleexperiencinghomelessnessandsomeinternal t CensusBureaustudiespointedoutthattheproceduresusedinSNightstillresultedinan ` undercountofthepopulationthemethodwassupposedtocapture,sincemanyofthosepeople L  wouldnothavebeen visibletotheenumeratorsandwouldhavehadnoopportunitytobe 8  counted.Thisledtoresearchintootherwaystoenumeratepeopleexperiencinghomelessness.B  d(20,page1,R1)dC   $ t Beginninginlate1989,theCensusBureaubeganresearchingwaystoimprovecoverageofthis  L  populationinthecensusby:  8  "!3"  !3P23B3  0    conductingasmallscalepilotstudyofadaytimeservicebasedenumerationoperation,!3PP݌ (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3Q23B3  0    evaluatingthe1990CensusSNightoperationstoidentifyareaswhereprocedurescould   beimproved,!3QQ݌ (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3R23B3  0    fundingastudytolearnaboutlocalareamethods,!3R S݌\(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3S23B3  0    fundingacontracttoresearchtheissueofsamplingthispopulationgroup,and!3SS݌4(#(# Ќ  "!3 "  !3T23B3  0    conductingmeetingswithknowledgeableresearchers,representativesfromnationaland  \ statehomelesscoalitions,Federalagencies,anddatausers.!3TT݌H(#(# Ќ  Basedupontheresearch,theCensusBureaudecidedtotestthefeasibilityofaservicebased   enumerationoperationinthecensus.B  d(24,page8,R1)dC     Inearly1994,Westatissuedareport(Kaltonetal,1994)resultingfromtheirworktoassistthe  CensusBureauindevelopingprocedurestobeusedinCensus2000forcountingpersonswithno  usualresidence.B  d(27,page11,R1)dC  ԀThereportofferedanumberofsuggestedmethods,includingusingservice l providersasenumerationsourcesandrepeatedenumerationsatserviceprovidersoveraperiodof X  time.B  d(27,page11,R2)dC  ԀTheysuggestedthatthe1995CensusTestbedesignedtocollectinformationthatcould D! resolvemanyoftheunansweredquestionssothatadecisioncouldbereachedonthebroad 0"  generalapproachtobeusedinCensus2000.B  d(27,page52,R3)dC  ԀSpecificrecommendationswere: #l!  @!4567:;<(3Bxx @!4567:;<"!3"  !35[23B3  0    Conductacompleteenumerationofallshelters.B  d(27,page51,R4)dC  !35[b[݌$D #(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3O\23B3  0    Includesoupkitchens,andpossiblyotherhomelessoutreachprograms,asthemost &"% promisingothersourcesforenumeratingpersonswithoutconventionalhousinginthe '#& 1995CensusTest.B  d(27,page51,R5)dC  !3O\|\݌(#'(#(# Ќ   |*%) "!3"  !3/^23B3  0    Examinetheuseofrepeatedenumerationsacrosstimeinthe1995CensusTestand  considerembeddinganexperimenttoexaminetheeffectivenessofdifferenttimeperiods  anddifferenttimingforthereenumerations.B  d(27,page52,R6)dC  !3/^\^݌(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3`23B3  0    Furtherexaminetheuseofcapturerecapturemethodsforestimatingthesizeofthe ` populationwithoutconventionalhousingandassessthequalityofthedatacollected.B  d(27, L  page52,R7)dC  !3`E`݌L (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3a23B3  0    Conductastreetenumerationonasamplebasisinthe1995CensusTesttodeterminethe $ t coveragerateachievedforpersonswithoutconventionalhousing.B  d(27,page52,R8)dC  !3ab݌ `(#(# Ќ  The1995CensusTestincludedthefirstattemptatafundamentallydifferentapproachto  8  providingopportunitiesforenumeratingpersonswithoutconventionalhousing.Thesepersons $  wereenumeratedatservicelocationssuchasshelters,soupkitchens,andhotels/motels.Using   theSBEmethodologywasexpectedtoimprovecoverageinthetestareas.B  d(19,page1,R1)C  dThe1995CensusTest   methodologyincludedoneB  d(perAnnettaSmith)dC  Ԁfollowupvisittosheltersandsoupkitchenstointerviewasampleof   theclientsanddeterminewhetherthedatacollectedduringthefollowupvisitswouldbe   sufficienttomakereliablestatisticalinferencesaboutcoverage.B  d(24,page7,R2)dC   p Resultsfromthe1995CensusTestoftheSBEmethodology(Martin,1995)showedthat: H "!3"  !3jg23B3  0    Enumeratingclientsatservicelocationsshouldproveaneffectivemeansofincludingan  p atriskpopulationinthecensuscount.B  d(19,pagevi,R2)C  d!3jgg݌ \(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3h23B3  0    Operationalproceduresandquestionnairesneedtobesimplified.B  d(19,pagevi,R3)C  d!3hi݌4(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3j23B3  0    Itmaybebeneficialtoadapttheproceduressothatacommonsetofprocedurescouldbe   implementedinsheltersandsoupkitchens.B  d(19,pagevi,R4)C  d!3j?j݌(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3k23B3  0    Multipleenumerationattemptsresultedinunacceptablelevelsofrespondentconfusion.B  d(19,pagevi,R5)C  d!3kk݌(#(# Ќ  OtherCensusBureauresearchandtestingleadinguptoimplementationoftheSBEinCensus X  2000included:    D! "!3 "  !3~m23B3  0    1993Griffin(1993)documentedpreliminaryresearchonsamplingandestimationofthe #l! populationexperiencinghomelessness.Thetwopartsofthisresearchincluded1) $X" estimationinconjunctionwithsamplingandunduplicating(i.e.,matching)persons $D # enumeratedmorethanonceand2)estimatesofthetotalpopulationnotrequiring %0!$ matching.B  d(30,covermemo,R1)dC  !3~mm݌&"%(#(# Ќ     `    "!3 "  !3Bp23B3  0    1993TheCensusBureaubeganaprojecttogatherinformationonhowcommunities (#' wereconductingtheirowncountsofpeopleexperiencinghomelessness.Anaimofthe )$( projectwastoassesswhetherinnovativelocalmethodscouldbeadaptedforlatercensus |*%) operations.B  d(29,page1,R1)dC  !3Bpop݌h+&*(#(# Ќ  "!3 "  !3qr23B3  0    1994CognitivetestingtoevaluatetwoformsspeciallypreparedfortheSBEinitialand  followupenumerationscenteredonrespondentscomprehensionoftheusualresidence  question,generalreadabilityofaselfadministeredformtothetargetpopulation,the  abilityofrespondentstorecallwheretheyhadstayedoveraperiodoftime,andthe t possiblesensitivityofthequestions.B  d(28,page1,R1)dC  !3qrr݌`(#(# Ќ  "!3 "  !30u23B3  0    1996AsmallscaletestinNewYorkCitywasconductedtosimplifyproceduresandthe 8  questionnaire,tomakethemapplicabletomobilefoodvansitesaswellassoupkitchens, $ t andtocorrectcertainproceduralproblemsinthe1995CensusTest.B  d(25,page1,R1)C  d!30u]u݌ `(#(# Ќ  "!3 "  !37w23B3  0    1998Census2000DressRehearsalInadditiontoshelters,soupkitchens,andregularly  8  scheduledmobilefoodvans,targetednonshelteredoutdoorlocationswereenumeratedas $  partoftheSBEforthefirsttimeinthedressrehearsal.B  d(31,page1,R1)dC  ԀBeCountedformswere   distributedattargetedlocationsinthedressrehearsal.PeopleenumeratedonBeCounted   formswhoindicatedtheyhadnoaddressandmarkedthe NoAddressonApril18,1998"   boxwereincludedintheSBEuniverse.Also,respondentswhogaveashelterastheir   usualresidenceontheBeCountedformbecamepartoftheSBEuniverse.B  d(31,page3,R2)dC  ԀProceduresfor p unduplicatingpeopleintheSBEuniversewerealsodevelopedandtestedinthedress \ rehearsal.B  d(31,page4,R3)dC  !37wdw݌H(#(# Ќ  Inadditiontotheaboveresearchandtesting,therewasongoingworkthroughoutthedecadeto  p developandimproveoperationalprocedures,questionnaires,andmultiplicityestimationforthe  \ SBE.Concurrentwiththeinternalresearch,testing,anddevelopment,theCensusBureau H sponsoredthefollowingconferencesandmeetingswithoutsidestakeholders: 4 "!3"  ?+ ` hp x 44X? XX!3}23B3  0    #XX  ~#1993Researchconferenceentitled"TowardsCensus2000:ResearchIssuesfor   ImprovingCoverageoftheHomelessPopulation"!3}*~݌(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3h23B3  0    1994ExpertPanelMeetingtodiscussthe1995CensusTestServiceBasedEnumeration  Operation!3h݌l(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !323B3  0    1994InformationalMeetingaboutthe"ServiceBasedEnumerationOperation"planned D! forthe1995CensusTest!3݌0" (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3ʁ23B3  0    1998ExpertPanelMeetingtodiscusstheinclusionof"TargetedNonshelteredOutdoor $X" Locations"intheCensus2000ServiceBasedEnumerationProgramB  d(32,page1,R1)dC  !3ʁ݌$D #(#(# Ќ   &"% eConcurrentwiththedevelopmentoftheSBEforCensus2000,theCensusBureauworkedwith e 12sponsoringfederalagenciesM ##  1      ׀undertheauspicesoftheInteragencyCouncilontheHomeless Q todevelopthe1996NationalSurveyofHomelessAssistanceProvidersandClients.TheCensus = Bureaudesignedandcollecteddataforthe1996survey,whichfurnishedinformationaboutthe ) providersofhomelessassistanceandthecharacteristicsofthehomelesspopulationwhouse  services,basedonastatisticalsampleof76metropolitanandnonmetropolitanareas.   The1996surveywasthefirstnationalstudythatproducedinformationonthecharacteristicsof  t peopleparticipatinginhomelessassistanceprogramssincea1987studyconductedbytheUrban  ` Institute.Whileusingasimilarmethodologytothe1987study,the1996surveywasbasedona  L  largersample,collectedmorecomprehensiveinformation,andincludednonmetropolitanareas.  8  Italsoincludedawidervarietyoflocationsinordertoreflectmoreaccuratelyandfullythe $  characteristicsofhomelesspeoplewhouseservicesnationwide.The76geographicareasthat u  wereincludedinthenationalsamplein1996werecomprisedofthe28largestmetropolitan a  areas,24randomlyselectedmediumandsmallmetropolitanareas,andanother24randomly M  selectednonmetropolitanareas(smallcitiesandruralareas). 9    1.40  SP/GQOperationalBackground [ (#(# MostoftheinformationinthissectionwasobtainedfromJonas(2003).Informationwasalso  obtainedfromGloster(2000),Halterman(2000),Schoch(2001),andStackhouse(2000). p  SP/GQInventoryDevelopment  H Through1998,theCensusBureaudidextensivedevelopmenttoidentifyprospectivespecial   places,beginningwiththecleanupofthe1990basefile.B  d(7,pages34,R4)C  dTheresultinginventoryformedthe q  basisofthefileknownastheSP/GQMasterFile.Additionalspecialplacesfromotherpre ] CensusoperationswereaddedtotheSP/GQMasterFile.B  d(1,page3,R33)dC   I TheSP/GQMasterFilewasthemainrepositoryofwhatwasknownabouteachspecialplaceand ! eachGQ.AdditionalfilesweredevelopedfromittosupportupdatingoperationsinvolvingGQs.   UpdatesweresenttotheGeographyDivision(GEO)toupdatetheMAFandassignMAF   IdentificationNumbers(MAFIDs).TheSP/GQMasterFile,updatedwiththeadditionofthe !  MAFIDs,becamethebasisforlaterCensusoperationsandenumeration.B  d(1,page3,R34)dC   "l! Forthe1990Census,thelocalfieldofficestaffupdated,added,anddeletedspecialplacesfrom $D # theSpecialPlaceMasterListingbasedonresultsfromtheSpecialPlacePrelistoperation.The %0!$ operationproducedtoomanychangestobeprocessedintimeforenumerationactivities.From e thatexperienceandwithimprovementsintechnology,theCensusBureauplannedtheSpecial Q PlaceFacilityQuestionnaireOperationtoupdateandcorrecttheSP/GQMasterFileforCensus = 2000.dB  ԍ(15,page9,R4)C  dTheCensus2000SpecialPlaceFacilityQuestionnaireoperationwasthemeansfor ) gatheringinformationaboutGQsandHUsineachspecialplace.Forthedifferenttypesof  specialplaces,theintervieweraskedtheapplicablequestionstocollectinformationtoidentify   whatGQsandHUswereatthespecialplace,thehoursofoperation,themaximumnumberof   clientsorresidentsperGQandthenumberexpectedinApril2000,theaddressofeachGQ,and  t otherinformationrequiredforplanningtheenumeration.B  d(15,page11,R3)and 5 (15,pageA11,R3)dC    ` Forthe1990Census,governmentalunitswereinvitedtoparticipateinPrecensusLocalReview  8  onlyinmailout/mailbackareas.B  d(22C,page123,R1)dC  ԀTheyreceivedcensusmapsandhousingunitcountsbyblockB  d(22C,page123,R2)dC   $  (butnotcountsofspecialplacesorgroupquarters).TheCensus2000SpecialPlaceLocal u  UpdateofCensusAddresses(SPLUCA)operationallowedlocalandtribalgovernmentsto a  examinetheCensusBureauslistofspecialplacespriortoGQenumeration.B  d(13,page1,R2)dC  ԀTheywereaskedto M  identifyspecialplacesnotonthelist,toprovidetheirphysicallocation,mailingaddress,and 9  otherrelatedinformation,andtoassignspecialplacestotheCensus2000collectionblocksin % whichtheywerelocated.B  d(13,page1,R1)dC  Ԁ  Similartothe1990CensusLocalKnowledgeUpdateoperationB  d(22A,page649,R3)dC  ,intheCensus2000Local  KnowledgeUpdateoperation,staffineachLocalCensusOffice(LCO)reviewedtheliststo p identifymissingorduplicatespecialplaces.B  d(15,page17,R1)C  d \ DuringtheSpecialPlaceAdvanceVisitoperation(anewoperationforCensus2000),crew 4 leadersvisitedspecialplacesontheaddresslisttoverifyandcorrectinformationfortheGQsand   HUsatthespecialplace,informthecontactpersonabouttheenumerationoperations,assign q  missinggeocodes,andleaverecruitingmaterials.B  d(15,page18,R2)dC   ]    ` GroupQuartersEnumeration  5 GQenumerationwasconductedApril1,2000untilMay6,2000.B  d(8,page13,R1)dC  ԀGQenumerationmethodsare   distinctfromHUenumerationmethods.Thehouseholdquestionnairesthatworkwellforpeople   inanHUareinappropriateforenumeratinglargergroupsofunrelatedpeopleinplacessuchas !  collegedormitoriesornursinghomes.B  d(1,page1,R38)dC  ԀTheGQquestionnaireswerepersonbased,ratherthan "l! householdbased,andtheydidnotasktherelationshipquestionoranyhousingquestions. #X" TherewerefourmaintypesofGQquestionnaires:theIndividualCensusReport(ICR),the %0!$ IndividualCensusQuestionnaire(ICQ),theMilitaryCensusReport(MCR),andtheShipboard &"% CensusReport(SCR).TheICRwastheformusedtoenumeratethevastmajorityoftheGQ m'#& population.TheICQ(anewformforCensus2000)wasusedsolelyforenumerationatsoup Y(#' kitchensandregularlyscheduledmobilefoodvans.TheMCRwasusedsolelytoenumerate E)$( armedforcespersonnel.TheSCRwasusedtoenumeratebothmilitaryandcivilianshipboard 1*%) residents.B  d(1,page5,R39)dC   +&*   ,'+ DuringtheenumerationateachGQ,enumeratorsobtainedalistofresidents,filledoutalisting e sheet,anddistributedICRpacketstoresidents.Insomeinstanceswhereresidentscouldnotfill Q outtheformsthemselves,enumeratorswereallowedtouseadministrativerecordstoaugmentthe = process.TheyalsousedenumeratorquestionnairestoenumerateresidentsofHUsatthespecial ) place.B  d(12,page9,R1)C  d  CertainGQscouldrequestthattheyselfenumerateforthesafetyoftheenumeratororforthe   benefitorconfidentialityoftheresidents.ThetwomostcommontypesofselfenumeratingGQs  t werehospitalsandprisons.B  d(12,page13,R2)C  d  ` Militaryenumerationoperationscountedmilitarypersonnelassignedtostatesidemilitary  8  installationsonCensusDay.B  d(12,page15,R4)dC  ԀDependentsofthemilitarypersonnellivinginfamilyHUsona $  militaryinstallationwereenumeratedbythesamemethodologyusedforHUsintheareaaround u  theinstallation.B  d(9,page1,R1)dC  B  C   a  Themaritime/militaryvesselsenumerationoperationscountedindividualsassignedtoships 9  basedatAmericanhomeports(militaryvessels)andAmericanflagships(maritimevessels).B  d(12, m'#& page15,R5)C  dIn % 1990,vesselsinthe6thand7thfleetswereenumeratedwiththeoverseaspopulation.In2000,  servicememberswereallowedtolistaUHEaddress.IftherespondentdidntprovideaUHE,  theywerecountedatthehomeportofthevessel.Servicemembersaboardvesselsthatwere  homeportedoverseaswerecountedaspartoftheoverseaspopulation.B  d(33,page3,R1)dC   p Thetransientnight(Tnight)enumerationoperation(conductedonMarch31,2000)B  d(8,page13, e R2)dC  Ԁenumerated H peoplewithoutausualresidenceatlocationssuchascampgroundsandparks,commercialor 4 publicfairs,carnivals,marinas,racetracks,militaryhotels,andrecreationalvehicle(RV)parks.   Theseareplaceswheretheresidentstendtobehighlytransient.B  d(12,page14, ) R3)C  d q  SBEoperationscountedpeoplewithoutconventionalhousingwhocouldhavebeenmissedinthe I traditionalenumerationofHUsandGQs.Peoplewereenumeratedatshelters(March27,2000), 5 soupkitchens(March28,2000),regularlyscheduledmobilefoodvans(March28,2000),and ! targetednonshelteredoutdoorlocations(March29,2000).B  d(11,page1,R1)and(8,pages1112,  L  R3)dC     Otherdifferencesbetween1990CensusandCensus2000GQenumerationincludemodifications !  toTNightenumerationandtargetingcountieswithhighconcentrationsofmigrantandseasonal "l! farmworkersatcensustime. #X"  DataCaptureandProcessing  %0!$ AllGQquestionnairesweresenttothedatacapturecenterattheNationalProcessingCenter m'#& (NPC)inJeffersonville,Indiana.B  d(1,page7,R40)dC  ԀAfteralltheGQquestionnairesweredatacapturedattheNPC Y(#' andthecaptureddatatransmittedtoCensusBureauheadquarters,theSP/GQMasterFilewas E)$( updated.B  d(1,page8,R41)dC   1*%)    ,'+ TheSBEenumerationinvolvedanumberofopportunitiesforpersonstobecountedmultiple e times.AnunduplicationprocessremovedduplicateenumerationsfromtheCensus.B  d(1,page9,   R42)dC   Q RespondentsatcertaintypesofGQscoulddeclareaUHE. ##  2      ׀Thatis,theycouldcheckaboxto ) indicatethattheGQwasnottheirusualresidenceandprovidetheaddressoftheirusual  residence.IftheCensuswasabletoverifythatanHUwasatthegivenaddress,thenthe   respondentwascountedatthatresidenceandnotintheGQ.B  d(1,page9,R43)dC      EvaluationsandAssessments   ` Therearethreeformalevaluationsthatwereusedinthepreparationofthistopicreport,including  8  onefromthesecondExecutiveSteeringCommitteeforAccuracyandCoverageEvaluation $  Policy(ESCAPII)seriesofreports. u  TheCensus2000evaluationsinclude: M  "!3"  !323B3  0    EvaluationE.5,GroupQuartersEnumeration!3݌%(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3l23B3  0    EvaluationE.6,ServiceBasedEnumeration!3l݌(#(# Ќ  TheESCAPIIreportis: p "!3"  !3y23B3  0    ESCAPII,ReportNumber6,CensusPersonDuplicationandtheCorresponding H AccuracyandCoverageEvaluationEnumerationStatus!3y݌4(#(# Ќ  Inaddition,planningdocuments,operationalassessments,andqualityassuranceprofiles q  providedadditionalinformation.RefertoSection7,References,foracompletelistofthe ] documentsthatwereusedinthepreparationofthisreport. I Sections2and3discussthemethodsusedandthelimitations,respectively.Section4 ! summarizestheresults,lessonslearned,andrecommendationscontainedinthereports   mentionedabove,specificallyintendedtoanswerresearchquestionsoninventorydevelopment,   thenumberofpeopleenumeratedinGQs,operationalissues,andrecommendationsfor !  addressingthoseissues.Section5providesasynthesisofthemajorrecurringthemescontained "l! inthereportsmentionedabove. #X"  OY  &"% OY e    2.0  METHODS o (#(# Themethodologyoftheprogramsinvolvedinthesourcedocumentstothistopicreportvaried  greatlybywhetherthesourcewasastatisticalevaluation,anoperationalreport,oraquality t assuranceprofile. `   2.10  EvaluationsE.5andE.6 o" 8 (#(# TheevaluationsoftheGroupQuartersandServiceBasedenumerationsprimarilyprovide  ` descriptivestatisticsoftheoperations,usingfilesthatwerealreadyavailablefromCensus2000  L  ordatafilesthatwerespecificallycreatedfortheseevaluations.Thefilesinclude:  8  "!3"  !323B3  0    theSP/GQMasterFileB  d(1,page12,R28)dC  !3݌ (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !323B3  0    theHundredPercentCensusUneditedFile(HCUF)!3݌ (#(# Ќ  B  d(1,page12,R28)dC  "!3"  !323B3  0    theHundredPercentCensusEditedFile(HCEF)B  d(1,page12,R28)dC  !3!݌p(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3 23B3  0    adataextractknownastheNonIDfilewhichcontainedGQpersonrecordsthatlisteda H UHEB  d(1,pages1213,R28)dC  !3 9݌4(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3i23B3  0    adataextractcontainingallSBEdatacapturedrecords,aswellasBeCountedform  p recordsforwhichthepersonindicatedtheydidnothaveanaddressonApril1,2000B  d(2,  page10,R10)dC  !3i݌ \(#(# Ќ  TheGroupQuartersevaluationalsousedastatisticalsampleofGQsdesignedtoestimatethe 4 levelofwithinGQpersonduplication,notincludingmilitary,correctional,andservicebased   facilities.B  d(1,page14,R29)dC       2.20  ESCAPIIReport6 o` (#(# TheESCAPIIevaluationofCensusPersonDuplicationuseddatafromanotherESCAPIIreport l onpersonduplication(Mule,2001)toevaluatehowtheAccuracyandCoverageEvaluation X  (A.C.E.)codedESamplepeople(i.e.,peopleenumeratedincensusHUsintheA.C.E.sample D! blockclusters)duplicatedtopeopleoutsidetheA.C.E.searcharea.B  d(3,pages12,R6)dC   0"    2.30  DecennialManagementDivision(DMD)OperationalAssessments o $X"(#(# TheDMDoperationalassessmentswerethemainvehiclefordocumentingCensus2000 %0!$ informationintoasetofcomprehensive,integratedreports.Participatingdivisionswereaskedto &"% takeanactiverolebypreparingorsupplyinginitialassessmentsofrelevantaspectsofparticular '#& operationsorfunctionalprograms.Theinitialassessmentsmadeuseofavailablesources (#' (debriefingresults,observationreports,formalandinformationreportsfromstaffand )$( contractors,memoranda,andthelike)andresourceswithineachparticipatingdivisiontoassess |*%) theeffectivenessofeachoperationorfunctionaswellastoidentifylessonslearnedand h+&* recommendationsforthenextcensus.AteamofrepresentativesfromDMDandthe  participatingdivisionssubsequentlyorganizedandanalyzedtheseinitialassessments,alongwith  othersourcesofinformation,toproducecomprehensiveassessmentsfortheentireprogram.B  d(23,   pages12,R1)dC  ԀThe  developmentoftherecommendationsfocusedontheindividualoperations,withoutanattemptto t assesstheimplicationsacrosstheentirecensusprocess.B  d(7,page1,R3)dC   ` TheDMDoperationalassessmentsusedinthistopicreportinclude: 8   @!4567:;<(3Bxx@!4567:;<"!3"  !323B3  0    SP/GQInventoryDevelopment!3݌ `(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3x23B3  0    SP/GQEnumerationOperations!3x݌ 8 (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3K23B3  0    1998,1999,andSpecialPlaceLocalUpdateofCensusAddressesandNewConstruction   Programs!3Kx݌ (#(# Ќ   2.40  DecennialStatisticalStudiesDivision(DSSD)QualityAssuranceProfiles ou  (#(# TheDSSDQualityAssurance(QA)ProfilesprovideassessmentsofCensus2000operations \ basedondatacollectedfromtheQAprogramsinstitutedforthoseoperations.ManyoftheQA H programsinvolvedrelistingorreinterviewingprocedures,usuallyconductedonasamplebasis. 4 TheDSSDQAprofilesusedinthistopicreportinclude:  p "!3"  !323B3  0    ProfileoftheMilitaryGroupQuartersAddressListingQualityAssuranceOperation!3݌H(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !323B3  0    ProfileoftheCensus2000GroupQuartersReinterviewOperation!3݌ (#(# Ќ   2.50  OtherSourceDocuments o (#(# Someothersourcedocumentswereusedasinputtothistopicreport.Theyincludethefollowing  operationalplanningdocuments:SP/GQInventoryDevelopment,SpecialPlaceLUCA,GQ l Enumeration,ServiceBasedEnumeration,MilitaryInstallationEnumeration,andQuestionnaire X  AssistanceCenterandBeCountedProgramMasterPlans. D!   3.0  Limits o $X"(#(#   3.10  TopicReportLimits o %0!$(#(# TheresearchquestionsmentionedinSection1.1areansweredtotheextentthatinformationwas '#& availableintheevaluationandassessmentreports.Somequestionscouldnotbefullyanswered (#' becauseofcancelledevaluationsand/orreportsnotavailableatthetimethisreportwaswritten. )$(   h+&* Mostoftheinformationonfiledevelopmentandenumerationactivitiesisderivedfrom  operationalassessments,ratherthanfromempiricalresearch.Theassessmentsareusefulfor  futureplanninginthattheydocumentlessonslearnedfromCensus2000andprovide  recommendationsforoperationalplanningandtestingforthe2010Census.However,although t theassessmentswereintendedtobecomprehensive,manyofthestatementsmadeinthereports ` donotincludeinformationthatwouldhelpinunderstandingexactlywhatwaslearnedorwhya L  recommendationwaspresented. 8    3.20  SpecificLimits   `(#(# Theevaluationreportslistthelimitsoftheindividualstudies.Theyarebrieflysummarizedhere.  8  3.2.10  GQEnumeration (#(# IndividualGQquestionnairescontainedaspacewhereenumeratorsrecordedtheGQ   identificationnumber(ID)andthepersonnumberatthetimeofenumeration.Thistracking   informationwasnotusedtotracktheprogressofindividualformsfromenumerationtodata p capture.B  d(1,page17,R44)dC   \ ThelimitationsofthesystemdesignedtotrackspecialplacesandGQsfromthebeginningofthe 4 SpecialPlaceFacilityQuestionnaireprocessthroughtabulationreducedtheabilitytocompare  p thesamespecialplacebeforeandaftertheSpecialPlaceFacilityQuestionnaireOperation.B  d(1, L  pages1718,R45)dC    \ Furthermore,ifspecialplacesandGQsweredeletedandlaterreaddedduringenumeration,they 4 receivednewIDnumberswhentheywerereadded.Asaresult,comparingsnapshotsofthe   SP/GQMasterFileatdifferenttimesdidnotallowarecordofaspecialplaceatdifferentpoints   intimetobeidentifiedasthesameplace,ifthespecialplacewasdeletedandreaddedduring  enumeration.B  d(1,page18,R63)dC    3.2.20  SBEEnumerationl(#(# AsmallpercentageofthetotalGQquestionnaireswerenotdatacapturedbecausethe D! questionnairescouldnotbeidentifiedwithaspecificGQasaresultofblank,incompleteor 0"  erroneousGQIDs.B  d(1B,1,R1)dC  ԀSomeportionoftheseaffectedtheSBEuniverse.Questionnairesnot #l! capturedwouldaffectthepopulationcountsforSBElocationsbutthereisnoinformationabout $X" thenumberorsourceofthesemissingquestionnaires.B  d(2,page12,R12)dC   $D # WeacceptedaUHEaddressfrompeopleenumeratedatsoupkitchensandregularlyscheduled &"% mobilefoodvans.ThedataavailabletotheevaluationdonotincludeinformationaboutUHE '#& addressesreportedbySBErespondents.B  d(2,page12,R13)dC   (#'   |*%) &OY & &  3.2.30  CensusPersonDuplication(#(# TheESCAPII,ReportNumber6doesnotseparatelyexaminetheissueofmovers.Itdoesnt  measuretheamountofduplicationduetopeoplemovingduringtheperiodoftheenumeration.B  d(3,page2,R10)dC   t   3.30  GeneralLimits  L (#(#    `     h      p      x Inadditiontothespecificlimitations,therewereopportunitiesforfieldandprocessing $ t operationaldeviationsthatcouldaffectthedataintheevaluationreports,theoperational  ` assessments,andthetopicreport.  L  Oa  4.0  MAJORFINDINGS   (#(#    `     4.10  SP/GQInventoryDevelopment   (#(# MostoftheinformationinthissectioncamefromSchoch(2003a)andJohansonandOliver p (2003). \ Schoch(2003a)reportedthreemajorareasofsuccessintheoverallCensus2000SP/GQ 4 inventorydevelopmentprocess:  p "!3"  !323B3  0    Census2000wasthefirstcensusinwhichtheSP/GQMasterFilerepresentedthe H creationandmaintenanceofalinkbetweenthespecialplaceanditsassociatedGQsand 4 theestablishmentofacentralizedrepositoryforthecompletedecennialinventoryofGQs.!3G݌ (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !323B3  0    TheSpecialPlaceFacilityQuestionnaireprovidedastructuredandconsistentapproachto  obtaininformationabouttheGQs.!3(݌(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3A23B3  0    TheSpecialPlaceAdvanceVisitaffordeda lastminuteopportunitytovisitthefacility l andverify,update,andcorrectinformationpriortoenumeration.B  d(7,pages23,R26)dC  !3An݌X (#(# Ќ  Asidefromthesemajorareasofsuccess,thereweresomeaspectsofthedevelopmentprocess 0"  wheretherewerenoteworthylessonslearnedandrecommendations.Theseareaswere: #l!  @!4567:;<(3Bxx@!4567:;<"!3"  !3=23B3  0    DefinitionsandClassifications!3=j݌$D #(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !323B3  0    Duplication!3@݌&"%(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !323B3  0    GeocodingB  d(7,page3,R29)dC  !3݌(#'(#(# Ќ   |*%) IssuesandrecommendationsconcerningdefinitionsarediscussedinSections4.1,4.2and5.1.  DuplicationissuesandrecommendationsarediscussedinSections4.3and5.6.Geocoding  issuesarediscussedbelow.  4.1.10  InitialFileDevelopment`(#(# ThecreationoftheCensus2000SP/GQMasterFilebeganwiththecleanupofthe1990file. 8  ThisincludedthecreationofthelinkagebetweenthespecialplaceanditsassociatedGQs. In $ t ordertoupdatethe1990file,mostofthesamesourcesusedforthe1990operationwere   `  contactedforeachtypeofspecialplace.dB  ԍ(7,pages34,R4)C  dMultiplesourceswerecontactedforsomespecialplace  L  typesthatcontributedtoduplicationoffacilitieswithinthefile.dB  ԍ(7,page4,R5)C  dDuetoapoorresponsefrom  8  someoftheinitialsources,thereweredeficienciesincertaincategories(particularlythemigrant $  workercampandgrouphomeinventories).dB  ԍ(7,page4,R6)C  d   4.1.20  SpecialPlaceFacilityQuestionnaire (#(# TheSpecialPlaceFacilityQuestionnairewasdesignedtoprovideasystematicmethodtoverify p andupdateinformationaboutknownspecialplacefacilitiesandallassociatedGQsandHUs. \ TheinitialSpecialPlaceFacilityQuestionnaireinformationwascollectedthroughaComputer H AssistedTelephoneInterview(CATI)andthefollowupinformationwascollectedthroughfield 4 personalvisit.dB  ԍ(7,page5,R7)C  d  p AlthoughtheSpecialPlaceFacilityQuestionnaireallowedforamorestructuredandconsistent H approachforobtaining,correcting,andverifyinginformationaboutspecialplacesandtheir 4 associatedGQs,theoveralldesignoftheSpecialPlaceFacilityQuestionnairewascomplex,   confusing,andnotuserfriendly.dB  ԍ(7,page5,R8)C  dTheamountofinformationinitiallycollectedwastoodetailed   andlengthyforatelephoneinterview.B  d(7,page13,R20)and(7,page5,R9)dC  ԀThiswasespeciallytrueforlargefacilitiescontaining  multipleGQs.dB  ԍ(7,page5,R9)C  dAlso,tryingtoobtaingeocodinginformationbytelephonewasverydifficult.  Amajorcomponentofthetrainingandprocedureswasthegeocodingofthephysicallocationof l thespecialplaceanditsassociatedGQsandHUs.Althoughadetailedsectionongeocoding X  procedureswaswrittenandpresentedinthetrainingsessions,thesizablenumberofproblems D! suggeststhisprocesswasnoteffective.Thefailuretoconsistentlyandcorrectlyassigngeocodes 0"  createdproblemsfromthetimeofenumerationandresultedinthegeographicmisallocationof #l! GQsindatatabulations.B  d(7,page9,R30)dC   $X"    `     h  %0!$ 4.1.30  SpecialPlaceLUCA,LocalKnowledgeUpdate,andSpecialPlaceAdvanceVisit(#(# TherewerethreepreenumerationoperationstoenhanceandrefinetheSP/GQinventorypriorto  enumeration.B  d(7,page6,R10)C  d t    `     h      p   "!3"  !3E 23B3  0    SpecialPlaceLUCAwasanopportunityforparticipatinggovernmentalunitstoreview L  theexistingspecialplaceinventorylistandprovidefeedbacktotheLCOsforadditions, 8  deletions,andcorrections.B  d(7,page6,R11)C  d!3E r ݌$ t(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3" 23B3  0    LocalKnowledgeUpdatewasanoperationwherethespecialplacestaffattheLCO  L  reviewedtheSP/GQinventorylistforcompletenessandaccuracyusingtheirlocal  8  knowledgeofthespecialplacefacilitiesandlocationsintheirarea.B  d(7,page6,R12)C  d!3" O ݌$ (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3 23B3  0    SpecialPlaceAdvanceVisitrequiredthespecialplaceLCOstafftovisiteachspecial   placeonthefinalinventorylisttoverify,update,andcorrectallinformationaboutthe   specialplaceandtheassociatedGQsandHUs.!3 I ݌ (#(# Ќ  TheSpecialPlaceAdvanceVisitwassuccessfulbothintermsoftiming(rightbeforeGQ \ Enumeration)andinformationverification.B  d(7,page6,R13)C  d H AlthoughtheoverallLUCAprogramwassuccessfulinfosteringpositivepartnerships,exceeding  p localandtribalgovernmentparticipation,andcontributingnewaddresses,deletingaddresses,  \ andmakingaddresscorrectionsB  d(16,page6,R4)dC  ,oneofthelessonslearnedwasthatspecialplaceaddresses H shouldhavebeenincludedwithhousingunitaddressesinLUCA.B  d(16,page8,R5)dC   4 Althoughthesethreeoperationsweredesignedasdistinctoperations,timeconstraintsofthepre   enumerationscheduleforcedthemtooverlap,reducingtheimpactandoveralleffectivenessof  eachindividually.B  d(7,page6,R14)C  d  4.1.40  MilitaryGQAddressListDevelopmentl(#(# AsreportedinJohansonandOliver(2003),theCensusBureauconductedanoperationcalled D! MilitaryGQAddressListingin1999toverifyandupdatethedatabaseofGQsonmilitary 0"  installations.Forenumerationpurposes,MilitaryGQsincludedbarracks,unaccompaniedofficer #l! quarters,disciplinarybarracks,andmilitaryhospitals.B  d(8,page14,R4)C  d(Militaryhotelsandcampgroundswere $X" includedinTNightoperations.)B  d(8,page13,R5)C  dToensurethequalityoftheaddressinformation,aQAprogram $D # wasinstituted.Duetotherelativelysmallworkloadandbecausethemilitaryinstallationsare %0!$ geographicallyscattered,addresslistersperformedQAontheirownwork.Theyselecteda &"% sampleoftheGQsontheinstallationandforeachselectedGQ,theyverifiedtheaddress '#& informationandgeocoding.B  d(5,page1,R2)C  dTheyalsoperformedacoveragecheckbyinquiringaboutthe (#' functionofthebuildingstotheimmediateleftandrightofeachsampledGQ.B  d(5,page3,R3)C  d )$(   h+&* Therewere669militaryinstallationsforwhichQAdatawerereceived.Ofthese,659(98.5  percent)hadnocriticalerrors(i.e.,notranscription,mapspot,orgeocodeerrors).B  d(5,page8,R4)C  dIntheten  militaryinstallationswitherrors,therewere57errors:15transcriptionerrors,24geocoding  errors,and18mapspoterrors.B  d(5,page9,R5)C  dThe57errorscamefromfouroutofthe222listers(1.8percent t ofthelisters).B  d(5,page9,R6)C  d ` 4.1.50  Recommendations8 (#(# ThefollowingrecommendationsweremadebyJohansonandOliver(2003),Medina(2003),and  ` Schoch(2003aand2003b):  L  ReevaluatetheroleoftheSpecialPlaceFacilityQuestionnaire.Developanddesigna $  streamlineduserfriendlyquestionnaire,whichincorporatesterminologyandclassifications   consistentwiththecurrentindustry.B  d(7,page13,R19)dC  ԀLimittheamountofinformationcollectedthrough   telephonecontact.B  d(7,page13,R20)dC     MakeuseofGlobalPositioningSystemorothercurrenttechnologytosatisfygeocoding p requirements.B  d(7,page13,R30)dC   \ ExtendtheSpecialPlaceAdvanceVisitoperationtoincludeatelephonefollowuptothefacility 4 closertothetimeofenumeration.Thefollowupshouldincludeschedulingtheenumeration  p appointmentandfinalverificationofthecontactpersonsandexpectedpopulationsofallthe  \ associatedGQs.B  d(7,page14,R21)dC   H ReevaluatetheLocalKnowledgeUpdateandSPLUCAoperationsbylookingatalternative   pointsintheprocesstoimplement.B  d(7,page14,R22)dC  ԀIntegratetheSPLUCAwiththeotherLUCAoperations.B  d(16,page6,R1)C  d   ReevaluateanddesignamethodtointegratetheSP/GQinventorydevelopmentintotheoverall  MAFdevelopmentprocess.B  d(7,page14,R23)dC    UsemorecontrolstotracktheSP/GQinventorydevelopmentQAoperationandobtainmore X  informationtobeabletodeterminethecauseoferrors.B  d(5,page11,R7)C  d D! Maintainthemilitaryinstallationlistsbetweencensusesbymonitoringthestatusofclosings, #l! downsizing,etc.B  d(8,page23,R6)C  d $X"   %0!$   4.20  Enumeration 2.'$ (#(# Schoch(2003b)reportedthreeareasofsuccessintheoverallCensus2000SP/GQenumeration:  "!3"  !3$23B3  0    ServiceBasedEnumerationwasanimprovementoverpreviousdecennialoperationsto ` includepeoplewithoutconventionalhousing.!3$#%݌L (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3@&23B3  0    GroupQuartersReinterviewprovidedqualitycontrolandwasapositiveadditiontothe $ t SP/GQenumerationoperations.!3@&m&݌ `(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3'23B3  0    MilitaryEnumerationplanningwassupportedbyacooperativeeffortbetweenthe  8  militaryandtheCensusBureauandprovidedafoundationforasmooth,timelyoperation. $  TheMilitaryVesselEnumerationalsohighlightedtheimportanceofaccessibleliaisons   fromtheNavyandCoastGuard.B  d(8,page3,R7)C  d!3''݌ (#(# Ќ    Schoch(2003b)alsoreportedsomechallenges:   "!3 "  !3*23B3  0    TNightEnumerationraisedquestionsifthisoperationreallybelongsunderSP/GQ \ operationsorshouldbecoveredbyHUenumeration.Althoughtheenumerationwaspart H oftheSP/GQenumerationoperations,thesites/slips/unitswithpersonswithnousual 4 homeelsewherewereenumeratedasHUsratherthanGQs.B  d(8,pages1213,R49)C  d!3*?*݌ p(#(# Ќ  "!3 "  !3p,23B3  0    GQEnumerationidentifiednewissuesforfutureconsideration,including H privacy/confidentialityissuesI ##  3      ,gainingcooperationfrommanagersattheappropriate 4 levelsoflargespecialplaces,andproperlylinkingindividualstotheirassociatedGQs.B  d(8,  page3,R8)dC  !3p,,݌ (#(# Oa    ь  4.2.10  TheGQUniverse(#(# Jonas(2003)reportedtheoverallcompositionoftheGQuniverseasenumeratedinCensus2000.  B  d(1,page20,R30)dC  TABLE1:NumberofSpecialPlacesandGroupQuartersEnumerated ' ##  4       ` *  ddd Xdd Xdd X(#(#," dd ,dd ,dd ,dd ,dd ,dd ,dd +  +!L L  4+&/ %XX l SP/GQType E;)X     ESpecialPlaces @6$ "   @GroupQuarters @6$  "  @Population H>/  " 40   4H $ T    $Number 9/!  3   9% 9/!  3   9Number 9/!  3   9% 9/! 3  9Number 9/! 3 9% G:, 3 40   4 G1.CorrectionalFacilitiesnn n [N   ,@5420P,@ [5,420 }H 3P ,@5420 ,@  @5.4@ 5.4 ~G 3 @5.4 @  @15775P@ 15,775 ~I 3P @15775 @  ffffff @8.2ffffff @ 8.2 G 3 ffffff @8.2 ffffff @  Vj>A1993302PVj>A 1,993,302 K 3P Vj>A1993302 Vj>A  9@25.59@ 25.5 kaS 3 9@25.5 40  9@  4 k2.JuvenileInstitutions XN   @2440P@ X2,440 }H 3P @2440 @  333333@2.4333333@ 2.4 }G 3 333333@2.4 333333@  @6335P@ 6,335 }H 3P @6335 @  ffffff @3.3ffffff @ 3.3 G 3 ffffff @3.3 ffffff @  @129132P@129,132 J 3P @129132 @ 333333?1.7333333?1.7 j`R 3 333333?1.7 40  333333? 4 j3.NursingHomes YO   @21051P@ Y21,051 }I  3P @21051 @   5@215@ 21.0 }F !3  5@21 5@   @29736P @ 29,736 I "3P  @29736  @  /@15.5/@ 15.5 H #3 /@15.5 /@  C]:A1727811PC]:A1,727,811 K $3P C]:A1727811 C]:A 6@22.16@22.1 kaS %3 6@22.1 40  6@ 4 k4.Hospitals XN &  @3552P@ X3,552 }H '3P @3552 @   @3.5 @ 3.5 }G (3  @3.5  @  $@9289P$@ 9,289 }H )3P $@9289 $@  333333@4.8333333@ 4.8 G *3 333333@4.8 333333@   A237597P A237,597 J +3P  A237597  A @3.0@3.0 j`R ,3 @3.0 40  @ 4 j5.CollegesandUniversities XN -  @3528P@ X3,528 }H .3P @3528 @   @3.5 @ 3.5 ~G /3  @3.5  @  H@23842PH@ 23,842 I 03P H@23842 H@  (@12.4(@ 12.4 H 13 (@12.4 (@  ~?A2066302P~?A2,066,302 K 23P ~?A2066302 ~?A ffffff:@26.4ffffff:@26.4 kaS 33 ffffff:@26.4 40  ffffff:@ 4 k6.MilitaryInstallations WM 4  @916P@ W916 {G 53P @916 @   ?.9? 0.9 |F 63  ?.9 ?  ط@6104Pط@ 6,104 }H 73P ط@6104 ط@   @3.2 @ 3.2 G 83  @3.2  @  A356354PA356,354 J 93P A356354 A ffffff@4.6ffffff@4.6 j`R :3 ffffff@4.6 40  ffffff@ 4 j7.SBEFacilitiesandOtherGQs YO ;  @38783P@ Y38,783 I <3P @38783 @  YC@38.7YC@ 38.7 H =3 YC@38.7 YC@  c@56092Pc@ 56,092 I >3P c@56092 c@  =@29.1=@ 29.1 H ?3 =@29.1 =@  F*A854435PF*A854,435 J @3P F*A854435 F*A %@10.9%@10.9 kaS A3 %@10.9 40  %@ 4 k8.GroupHomes YOB  @24668P@ Y24,668 IC3P @24668 @  8@24.68@24.6 HD3 8@24.6 8@  @45113P @ 45,113 IE3P  @45113  @  7@23.57@ 23.5 HF3 7@23.5 7@  A460474PA460,474 JG3P A460474 A @5.9@5.9 m`RH3 @5.9 40  @ 4m TOTAL ]P I `@100358P`@]100,358 J J3P `@100358 `@ Y@100Y@100.0 |G K3 Y@100 Y@ xA192286PxA192,286 J L3P xA192286 xA Y@100Y@100.0 G M3 Y@100 Y@ ]A7825407P]A7,825,407 K N3P ]A7825407 ]A Y@100Y@100.0bXV O3 Y@100 40  Y@ b#XX %&/:2#&/ %XX  %&/Source:Jonas(2003),Tables4.1aand4.1b#&/ % ^V# O XX %&/Approximately7.8millionpeopleweretabulatedinplacescoveredbytheGQuniversein @Q Census2000.Mostofthesepeoplelivedincolleges,prisons,ornursinghomes.B  d(1,page21,R2)dC   ,|R Roughly78percentofthespecialplacesenumeratedconsistedofonlyoneGQ.B  d(1,page21,R3)C  dOver98percent TT containedfewerthantenGQs.B  d(1,page21,R4)C  dThelargestproportionofspecialplaceswithmorethan50GQs @U includedmilitaryinstallations,collegesanduniversities,andcorrectionalfacilities.B  d(1,page21,R5)C  dThesmallest ,V proportionofspecialplaceswithmorethan50GQsincludednursinghomesandSBEfacilities W andotherGQs.B  d(1,pages2122,R6)C  d X Fortypercentofspecialplaceshadfewerthantenresidentsand61percenthadfewerthan25 Z residents.B  d(1,page23,R7)C  dTheseweremostlygrouphomes,SBEfacilities,andothersmallGQs.B  d(1,page23,R8)C  dThe40percent x[ ofspecialplaceswithfewerthantenresidentsaccountedfor2.3percentoftheGQpopulation.B  d(1,page23,R9)C  d d \ Eventhoughenumeratorswereallowedtouseadministrativerecordstoaugmenttheprocess <"^ onlyincaseswhereresidentscouldnotfillouttheformsthemselvesB  d(12,page9,R1)C  d,Jonas(2003)foundthat (#x_ almosthalf(48.9percent)ofallGQquestionnaireswerefilledoutfromadministrativedataB  d(1,page26,R59)dC  Ԁand $d` thatmostGQquestionnairesatcorrectionalfacilities,hospitals,nursinghomes,andgrouphomes %P a werefilledoutfromadministrativedata.B  d(1,page27, H R60)dC  ԀOtherGQquestionnaireswereeitherfilledoutbya %!4567:;<(&/qp0!4567:;<"!3"      !3ȡ2&/3  0   Therewerecomplaintsfromsomesoupkitchensthatwerenotopenontheone   daydesignatedforthatparticularenumeration.B  d(8,page16,R28)!3ȡ ݍ (# (# Ќ  C  d  (# (# "!3"  !3{2&/3  0    TransientNight(TNight)EnumerationwaspartoftheSP/GQEnumerationoperations. p However,thesites/slips/unitswithpersonswithnoUHEwereenumeratedasHUsrather \ thanGQs.B  d(8,pages1213,R49)C  d!3{݌H(#(# Ќ  ! ! >!4567:;<(&/qq>!4567:;<"!3"  0  0(#(#!32&/3  0 (#(#  TherewasnotenoughtimetothoroughlyprepareGQenumeratorsonhowto  p administerthehouseholdquestionnaireforaonenightoperation.B  d(8,page13, L  R30)C  d!34݌ \ (# (# Ќ  0  0(#(# (#(# "!3"      !32&/3  0   ConductingTNightEnumerationonaFridayeveningincreasedtheamountof 4 screeningenumeratorshadtodobecausemanyindividualswereawayfrom   homefortheweekendatTNightlocations.B  d(8,page16,R29)C  dForindividualswhohadausual   homeelsewherebutwhowereattheTnightlocationatthetimeof  enumeration,theenumeratorhadtogivethemanoticeexplainingtheywould  beenumeratedattheirprimaryresidenceandthenappropriatelycheckthe  UHEcolumnonthelistingsheet.Afterenumeration,theenumeratorhadto l tallythenumberofchecksintheUHEcolumnandenterthetotalontheGQ X  EnumerationRecord.B  d(12,page14,R3)dC  !3&݌D! (# (# Ќ  "!3"  !32&/3  0    MilitaryGroupQuartersEnumerationwasacombinedplanningeffortbytheCensus #l! BureauandliaisonsfromeachbranchoftheArmedForces.B  d(8,page14,R31)C  d!3E݌$X"(#(# Ќ  ! ! >!4567:;<(&/qq>!4567:;<"!3"  0  0(#(#!3B2&/3  0 (#(#  FLDandGEOrequiredacompleteinstallationlistbutfordifferentpurposes %0!$ andrequirementswhichcausedproblemsininitialinstallationlist &"% development.B  d(8,page15,R32)C  d!3B݌'#& (# (# Ќ  "!3"  0  0(#(#!32&/3  0 (#(#  TheconceptofUHEwasnotclearlyunderstoodbymilitarypersonnel.B  d(8,   page15,R33)C  d!3g݌)$( (# (# Ќ   h+&* InJuly2000,afterGQdatacapturewascompleted,twospecialfollowupoperationswere  undertakentoreviewandrepairproblemswiththeGQenumerationcounts.Onetelephone  operationwasconductedoutoftheRCCstocontactrefusalsthatwouldnotallowenumeration  totakeplaceattheirfacilities.TheothertelephoneoperationwasconductedoutoftheNPCto t contactfacilitieswhosedatacapturepopulationofaGQwassubstantiallylowerthanexpected. ` BothoftheseoperationsaskedthecontactpersonsatfacilitieswhattheirCensusDaypopulation L  hadactuallybeen.IfthefacilityprovidedacountofitspopulationonApril1,2000,thatcount 8  wasacceptedasdefinitiveforthatfacility,unlessthecountwaslowerthantheactualnumberof $ t formscapturedforthatfacility.Together,theseoperationsaccountedforimputingover100,000  ` personsintheGQuniversethatwerenotincludedinthedatacapturecount.B  d(1,page28,R70)dC    L  Anotherenumerationproblemidentifiedduringprocessingwasthat141,055questionnaireswere $  missingaGQIDnumberorhadaninsufficientGQIDnumbersothattheycouldnotbematched   toalegitimateGQIDontheSP/GQMasterFile.Theseaccountedforabout1.7percentofthe   totalGQquestionnaires.About61percentwerefoundtobeshiftsortranspositionsoflegitimate   GQIDnumbersandwereultimatelymatched.However,theremaining39percent(0.7percent   ofthetotalGQquestionnaires)couldnotbematched.B  d(1,page30,R72)dC   p 4.2.3.4QAReinterview H AsreportedinOliver(2002),theCensusBureauconductedacomprehensiveQAprogramthat  p targetedallGQsexceptthoseinvolvingthemilitary,SBEfacilities,andcivilianships.About89  \ percentofallGQswereincludedinthisQAprogram.B  d(6,page1,R2)C  dDifferentQAprocedureswereusedfor H theother11percentoftheGQs.B  d(6,page1,R3)C  d 4 TheQAprograminvolvedthreeparts:   "!3"  !3R2&/3  0    AclericalcompletenesscheckcomparedthenumberofICRsreceivedfromagivenGQ  tothenumberofresidentslisted.B  d(6,page4,R4)C  d!3R݌(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3ļ2&/3  0    AnautomatedpopulationestimatecheckflaggedthoseGQswherethenumberof X  checkedinICRsdidnotfallwithintenpercentoftheestimatedCensusDaypopulation D! (obtainedfromtheAdvanceVisit).B  d(6,page5,R5)C  d!3ļ݌0" (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !32&/3  0    ThereinterviewprogramtargetedalllargeGQs(populationgreaterthanorequalto100) $X" andanysmallGQs(populationlessthan100)thatfailedthepopulationestimatecheck.B  d(6,page6,R6)C  d $D # Table2providesthepercentofGQsthatwereactuallyincludedinthereinterview %0!$ program.AsstatedinSection4.2.1,40percentofspecialplaceshadfewerthanten &"% residents.AssuminganequalorgreaterpercentageofGQshadanexpectedpopulation '#& oftenorless,thanthese smallGQswouldfailthepopulationestimatecheckifthe (#' actualcountwasoffbyjustone.B  d(6,page32,R17)dC  ԀThiscouldaccountforthelargepercentofsmallGQs )$( includedinthereinterviewsample.Oliver(2002)indicatespossiblereasonswhyless |*%) than100percentofthelargeGQswereincluded.B  d(6,page11,R16)dC  Ԁ!3Ǿ݌h+&*(#(# Ќ   TABLE2:PercentofSmallandLargeGQsReinterviewed   *,/d d" dd " dd dd dd dd dd dd   (#(#,dd ,~dd ,dd +  . .&/ %XXSizeofGQ H @/!P @Stateside @/!P @PuertoRico 0&!P 0Small 'l  '30.3%#XX %&/;#B  d(6, #d$ page11, $P% R7)C  d&/ %XX 'l  '42.8%#XX %&/#B  d(6, #d' page25, $P( R9)C  d&/ %XX .l  .Large .( .62.9%#XX %&/#B  d(6, l&!+ page11, X'", R8)C  d&/ %XX .(  .59.3%#XX %&/#B  d(6, l&!. page25, X'"/ R10)C  d&/ %XX((    (#XX %&/# XXSource:Oliver(2002)Tables4.2band5.2b#XX #     2   0  TheoverwhelmingmajorityoftheGQsreinterviewedpassedthereinterviewprocess(thatis,the    GQcontactpersonverifiedthatanenumeratorvisitedtheGQandobtainedthecorrectCensus |   Daycount)B  d(6,page13,R11)C  d.Overall,96.3percentstatesideand97.7percentinPuertoRicopassedthe h  reinterviewprocess.B  d(6,page26,R13)C  d T  ThedataalsosuggestthatcertaintypesofGQs(e.g.,CollegesandUniversitiesandNursing ,|  Homes)hadhigherreworkpercentagesthanotherGQtypes.B  d(6,page32,R15)C  d h  4.2.40  LackofTrackingInformationforGQQuestionnaires@(#(# GQsweretrackedthroughtheenumerationanddatacaptureprocessandcountsoftheGQ  questionnaireswererecordedoneachGQcontrolsheetatseveralpointsbetweenenumeration  anddatacapture,buttheindividualquestionnaireswerenottracked.B  d(1,page29,R58)dC    OneoftheproblemsresultingfromthiswasthattheofficialpopulationcountsforsomeGQs x wereindirectlyderived.InAugust2000,aneffortwasmadetoreconcilethecountof d questionnairescheckedoutoftheLCOandthenumberofquestionnairesdatacapturedforthat P GQ.ToavoidproblemscausedbyformsfromoneGQataspecialplacebeingincorrectly < countedwiththosefromanotherGQatthesamespecialplace,thereconciliationwasdoneatthe (x specialplacelevel.ThereconciliationconsistedoftakingthelargerofthetotalLCOcheckout d populationandthetotaldatacapturepopulationforeachspecialplaceasthe official P  populationforthatspecialplace.B  d(1,page29,R67)dC  ԀReconciliationofthedifferingcountsresultedinthe <! imputationofover100,000personrecords.B  d(1,page28,R71)dC   (" Q+ 4 <DL!,XX hXQTheinabilitytotrackindividualquestionnairesalsoresultedinnothavinganexactcountof !$ personsaddedtoorsubtractedfromtheSP/GQMasterFile.B  d(1,page17,R69)dC  ԀTheGQpopulationcountdecreased "% betweenthetimeoftheenumerationandthefinalCensuscount.Mostofthisdecreasewasa #& resultofmilitarypopulationremovedfromtheGQuniverseiftheylistedaUHEontheir t$' questionnaire.(SeeSection4.3.1formoredetailonMilitaryUHEs.)However,sinceindividual `% ( GQquestionnaireswerenottracked,theonlyinformationavailableconcerningthedecreaseis L&!) thenetgainorlossforeachGQ.(Forexample,ifaGQgainedtwopeopleandlostseven,all 8'"* thatisknownisthattherewasanetlossoffivepeople.)B  d(1,page32, 4 R68)dC   $(t#+   )L%- 4.2.50  Recommendations(#(# ThefollowingrecommendationsweremadebyJonas(2003),McNally(2002),Oliver(2002),  andSchoch(2003b): t BeginplanningSP/GQEnumerationoperationsearlyinthedecadesoallplansarecompleted L  andinplacetoallowforconsistencyandtimelycompletionofalltheassociatedmaterials(job 8  aids,workbooks,trainingguides,etc.).B  d(8,page18,R34)C  d $ t   0 `  ` (#` (# ResearchandreviseGQdefinitionstoincludehowtoclassifyassistedlivingfacilities,personal  L  carehomes,andretirementhomes.B  d(8,page18,R35)C  d  8  0   (#(#  @!4567:;<(3Bxq>!4567:;<MeetwithadvocatesandexpertstoupdatetheGQdefinitionsbyusingcurrentterminology.B  d(7, '#& page12,R16)dC  Ԁ   Althoughthedefinitionsandclassificationswereresearchedandtested,thereweresomeinherent   weaknesses.ThedefinitionsandterminologyusedbytheCensusBureauwerenotalways   consistentorcurrentwiththatofotheragencies,localgovernments,andthegeneralpublic.B  d(7,page3,R25)C  d   ReduceduplicationbetweentheHUandGQaddresslists.B  d(1,page45,R47)C  dManysmallGQsare \ indistinguishableinappearancefromsinglefamilyresidences.Asaresult,somefoundtheirway H intoboththeHUandGQuniversesbeforebeingidentifiedasthesameplace.B  d(1,page45,R48)C  d 4 EstablishaspecialplaceteamatheadquarterstokeepSP/GQEnumerationoperationalplanning  \ andimplementationmovingforwardthroughoutthedecade.Thiswillprovideamuchneeded H consistentfoundationtodevelop,analyze,andmaintainthesevariousoperations.B  d(8,page18, 8  R36)C  d 4 Evaluatewhethertherearebenefitstobegainedinusingdifferentproceduresfordifferent   categoriesofGQsin2010,inbuildingtheSP/GQinventory,intheenumerationitself,andin  postenumerationprocessing.B  d(1,page44,R46)C  d  Investigatealternativemethodsofenumerationsuchasonlineresponse,proxyinterviews, l electronicfiles,anduseofadministrativerecordsotherthanasalastresortforcertaintypesof X  GQs.B  d(8,page21,R37)C  dResearchthequalityofadministrativerecordsforGQs. D! Anticipateandaccommodatetheuseofadministrativedata.B  d(1,page46,R51)C  dTheCensusBureaushouldwork #l! withorganizationsrepresentingthosetypesofGQsthatwerethemainsourcesofadministrative $X" datainCensus2000toevaluatehowbesttogaincompleteinformationforeachGQresidentin $D # anenvironmentwhereheavyuseofadministrativedatamaybeunavoidable.B  d(1,page47,R52)C  d %0!$    w!4567:;<(sqxx@!4567:;<BringtheSPOSonboardearlierinthescheduleandmaintainthispositionthroughout '#& nonresponsefollowuptooverseeanySP/GQquestions/inquiries.B  d(8,page19,R38)C  d (#' DevelopauniqueprocesstohirepersonswithoutconventionalhousingtoassistintheSBE |*%) operations.B  d(8,page19,R39)C  d h+&* ЇTrainspecialplacestaffonhowtodealwiththepublicatalllevelsfromleadersoforganizations  totherespondents.B  d(8,page19,R40)C  d  Designthetrainingscheduletoallowtimefortheenumeratorstoabsorbwhattheyhavelearned t beforeusingtheproceduresinthefield.B  d(8,page20,R41)C  d ` Emphasizeandimprovethegeocodingandmapspottingtrainingthroughalltheoperations.B  d(8, $D # page20,R42)C  d 8  Improvethespecialplaceinformationinotherfieldoperationsmaterialssothereisaconsistent  ` understandingandapproachtospecialplacesinallfieldoperations.B  d(8,page20,R43)C  d  L  Reducethenumberofcontactstofacilitiestopreventillwillbeforeenumerationbegins.B  d(8,page |*%) 21,R44)C  d $  BeginGQenumerationearliersothatcloseoutdoesnotcompetewithnonresponsefollowup.B  d(8,  page22,R45)C  d   ResearchanddevelopamethodtolinkaGQquestionnairewithaspecificGQotherthanthe   currentprocessofahandwrittenIDoneachquestionnaire.Theresearchmustconsiderthedata p capturetechnologyrequirementsinconjunctionwiththerequirementsoffieldautomation.B  d(8,  page22,R46)C  d \ Continueresearchonmethodsforenumeratingpeoplewithoutconventionalhousingatservice 4 locations.B  d(2,page19,R19)C  dTheSBEoperationappearstobeasuccessfulmethodofincludingpeoplewithout  p conventionalhousinginthecensus.B  d(2,page19,R20)C  d  \ Continueresearchonmethodsforenumeratingpeopleattargetednonshelteredoutdoor 4 locations.B  d(2,page19,R21)C  dXXXX   #XXXX#RemoveTNightEnumerationfromSP/GQEnumerationoperations.B  d(8,page22,R47)dC  ԀOneoptionistouse  Update/EnumerateN ##  5      ׀operationsforTNightlocations.  DeviseamethodtolinktheHUquestionnairesfilledoutatTNightlocationswiththeTNight l locations.ThiscanbeusedtodeterminecountsofthepopulationenumeratedateachTNight X  location.B  d(1,page47,R62)C  d D! ReducethesizeoftheQAreinterviewsamplebyrelaxingthepopulationestimatechecks #l! toleranceleveltoreducethenumberofsmallGQsincludedinthesample.B  d(6,page32,R14)C  d $X" ModifyenumerationproceduresforcertaintypesofGQssincesomeGQtypes(e.g.,Colleges %0!$ andUniversitiesandNursingHomes)requiredmorereworkbasedontheQAreinterview.B  d(6, 4 page32,R15)C  d &"% Schoch(2003)alsosuggestsreevaluatingthevariables/criteriathatselectaGQforreinterview '#& andlimitingthepossiblecasesforreinterviewtocertaintypesofGQs.B  d(8,page   23,R48)C  d (#' Ї  4.30  DataCaptureandProcessing w (#(# 4.3.10  UsualHomesElsewhere(UHE)(#(# AsreportedinJonas(2003),theprocessdesignedtodealwithallCensusformswithoutaMAF ` ID,includingGQpersonrecordsclaimingaUHE,wascalledtheNonIDProcess.B  d(1,page33, #l! R10)dC   L  NotallGQrecordsprovidingtheaddressofaclaimedUHEweresupposedtogointotheNonID $ t Process.RecordswithaUHEaddressweretobescreenedforexclusion:  ` "!3"  !3p2sq3  0    ByGQtype!3p݌ 8 (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !312sq3  0    BytheoutcomeofascreeningquestiononeachGQquestionnaireB  d(1,page33,R11)C  d!31^݌ (#(# Ќ  ThescreeningbyGQtypewasdoneaftertheinitialNonIDprocessing,returning1,892,742   recordstotheiroriginalGQs.ExcludingUHEsfromtheNonIDProcessforcertainGQtypes   wasdonetopreventpeopleincertainUHEineligibletypesofGQsfrombeingimproperly p enumeratedataresidenceotherthantheirGQ.B  d(1,page33,R12)dC   \ GQquestionnairesalsoweresupposedtobescreenedfrominclusionintheNonIDProcessby 4 theirresponsestotheresidencequestiononeachtypeofquestionnaire.(Forexample, Doyou  p liveorstayheremostofthetime?ontheICR.)Thisscreeningwasintendedtoensurethatif  \ personswhoseprimaryresidencewastheGQalsoprovidedaUHEaddress,theywouldnotbe H enumeratedelsewhereonthatbasis.ExcludingcasesfromtheNonIDProcessbasedonthe 4 residencescreeningquestionsnevertookplace.Ofthe1,048,536recordsthatunderwentthefull   NonIDprocess,388,970wouldhavebeenexcludediftheresidencescreeningquestionhadbeen   usedasintended.dB  ԍ(1,pages3334,R13)C  dBecausetheprocedurestoscreenGQquestionnairesoutoftheNonIDProcess  wereappliedincorrectly,37percentoftheGQquestionnairesultimatelyresolvedbytheNonID  processwereinthatprocessinappropriately.dB  ԍ(1,page34,R14)C  d   TABLE3:NonIDOutcomes  X  *28dddd ~dd ~dd ,/(#(#,'dd ,dd ,dd ,dd ,dd ,dd +  'D!D! *4'&/ %XX 0&x!  0MilitaryUHEs x!! Dropped  ԍ P"" Ў  :0"P"" :MatchedtoaGQor x!# ReturnedtoaGQ 9/!P"$ 9Matched x!% toanHU =3!P"& =  Total x!'   ӀNumber%  ԍ P"( Number ! %  F90P"( 40 *  4 FIncorrectly 3&#)   3Ѐ3.0B  d(1a,R1)dC  </!#*"   <22.8B  d(1a,R4)dC  #XX %&/o#&/ %XX </!#+"   <11.4B  d(1a, ~! R7)dC  #XX %&/#&/ %XX </!#,"   <388,970B  d(1a ~# ,R13)dC  ^Q!#-3  ̌B@37.1̌B@ ^37.1B  d(1a, ~% R10)dC  #XX %&/#&/ %XX bQH#.3 ̌B@37.1 40 ̌B@  4bCorrectly 7&$. / 717.9B  d(1a,R2)dC  #XX %&/ #&/ %XX @/!$. 0" @Ѐ1.6B  d(1a,R5)dC  #XX %&/4 #&/ %XX @/!$. 1" @43.4B  d(1a, * R8)dC  #XX %&/ #&/ %XX dS!$. 2"  $A659566 $Ad659,566B  d(1a , ,R14)dC  #XX %&/ #&/ %XX tD$. 33  $A659566  $A 33333sO@62.933333sO@62.9B  d(1a, . R11)dC  #XX %&/ #&/ %XX [QH$. 43 33333sO@62.9 40 33333sO@ 4[Total 0&&j!5 020.9B  d(1a,R3)dC  #XX %&/ #&/ %XX 9/!&j!6" 924.3B  d(1a,R6)dC  #XX %&/#&/ %XX 9/!&j!7" 954.8B  d(1a, 3 R9)dC  #XX %&/H#&/ %XX 9/!&j!8" 91,048,536B  d( 5 1a,R15) ~6 R1)dC  #XX %&/#&/ %XX \R!&j!93 Y@100.0Y@\100.0B  d(1a, 8 R12)dC  #XX %&/#&/ %XXYOM&j!:3 Y@100.0 40  Y@ Y#XX %&/# XXSource:Jonas(2003)Table8.2b#XX ]# "'r":   ("$< Ofthe1,048,536GQpersonrecordsthatwereultimatelyincludedintheNonIDProcess:   @!4567:;<(3Bxxw!4567:;<"!3"  !323B3  0    About55percentwerematchedtoanHU.dB  ԍ(1,page35,R16)C  d!3݌(#(# Ќ     `     h      p      x "!3"  !3l23B3  0    About24percentwereeitherreturnedtotheGQfromwhichtheycameorwerematched ` toanotherGQ.dB  ԍ(1,page35,R17)C  d!3l݌L (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !323B3  0    About21percentwereMilitaryUHEsthatdidnotgeocodeandweredroppedfromthe $ t Census.dB  ԍ(1,page35,R18)C  dMostofthese(about86percentofthosedropped)werecorrectlyincludedinthe  ` NonIDprocessandweredroppedtoavoidpotentialduplicationofmilitarypersonnel.O ##  6      dB  ԍ(17,page1,R1)dC  Ԁ  L  Theremaining14percent(3percentofthetotalNonIDprocess)shouldnothavebeen  8  includedintheNonIDprocessandwerelosttotheCensus.B  d(Table3)dC  !3݌$ (#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3N23B3  0    Inadditiontothe3percentmilitaryUHEsthatweredroppeddB  ԍ(Table3)C  Ԛd,another11percentthat   matchedtoHUsbutthatshouldnothavebeenincludedintheNonIDprocesswerelost   fromtheGQuniverse.dB  ԍ(Table3)dC  ԀThesewereincludedintheCensusintheHUuniverse.B  d(Table3)C  d!3N{݌ (#(# Ќ  4.3.20  HouseholdFormsandBeCountedFormsIncludedinGQEnumeration\(#(# XXXXJonas(2003)alsoreportedonthenumberofpersonsenumeratedonhouseholdandBeCounted 4 formsthatwereincludedintheGQuniverse.B  d(1,page36,R31)dC  Ԁd#XXXX#  p dSomeaddresseshadbeeninboththeHUuniverseandtheGQuniverseinearlyversionsofthe H DecennialMAF.TheseduplicateswereidentifiedaftertheCensusmailinglistwascompiled. 4 Thus,theseunitsweremailedaCensushouseholdquestionnaire.IftheHUquestionnairewas   returnedforaGQ,thepersonsenumeratedontheHUformwereincludedinthecountforthe   GQatthataddress.B  d(1,page9,R19)dC  Ԁ  TheBeCountedprogramprovidedanopportunityforpeoplewithoutconventionalhousingto  completeaquestionnaireiftheyhadreasontobelievetheywerenotenumeratedthroughother l SP/GQoperations.B  d(14,page10,R1)dC  ԀPeoplewhocompletedaBeCountedformandindicatedthattheyhadno X  addressbymarkingthe NoAddressonApril1,2000"boxontheformorindicatedinthe D! addresssectionthattheydidnothaveanaddresswereincludedintheSBEuniverse.B  d(2,page6,R11)dC   0"    $X" Table4indicatesthenumbersofpersonswhowereaddedtoGQsfromhouseholdandBe  Countedforms:  *9=dd'dd 'dd dd dd dd dd 28(#(#, ,r , ,_ ,b +  ;~*tt P4;?+ 4 <DL!X? *List of Tables*  TABLE4:PersonsinGQsfromHouseholdandBeCountedForms .List of Tablesu%. WF/ 40 P ~ ,4W&/ %XXGroupQuartersCategory  ԍ̎  A0"H ABeCountedForms @/!H3 @HURecords @/!H3 @Total @/!H3 @Percent*  ԍ̎  ND-H 3 40 ,  4N1:CorrectionalFacilities YO!$ t   >@30>@Y30 XN@$ t 3  >@30 >@ X136 9/!$ t 3 9166 9/!$ t 3 90.0 MC,$ t3 40   4M2:JuvenileInstitutions XN!, |  ?1?X1 WM?, |3  ?1 ? W494 9/!, |3 9495 9/!, |3 90.4 MC,, |3 40   4M3:NursingHomes [Q!4  @1925@[1,925 |rB4 3 @1925 @ |@3902|@|3,902 ZPB4 3 |@3902 |@ Z5,827 9/!4 3 90.3 MC,4 3 40   4M4:Hospitals ZP!<  a@140a@Z140 zpA< 3 a@140 a@ H@681H@z681 YOA< 3 H@681 H@ Y821 9/!< 3 90.3 MC,< 3 40   4M5:CollegesandUniversities ZP!>  @514@Z514 {qA> 3 @514 @ @3011@{3,011 ZPB> 3 @3011 @ Z3,525 9/!> !3 90.2 MC,> "3 40   4M6:MilitaryInstallations YO!F #  $@10$@Y10 xn@F $3  $@10 $@  &@11&@x11 xn@F %3  &@11 &@  5@215@x21 XN@F &3  5@21 5@ X0.0 MC,F '3 40   4M7:SBEFacilitiesandOtherGQs \R!N ( >@33264>@\33,264 ~tCN )3 >@33264 >@ @14246@~14,246 ~tCN *3 @14246 @ 2@475102@~47,510 |rCN +3 2@47510 2@ ffffff@5.6ffffff@|5.6 mcLN ,3 ffffff@5.6 40  ffffff@ 4m8:GroupHomes#XX %&/q&#&/ %XX&/ % %&/ ZP!V - @724@Z724 |rAV .3 @724 @ R@27979R@|27,979 ~tCV /3 R@27979 R@ @28703@~28,703 |rCV 03 @28703 @ @6.2@|6.2#XX %&/5#/XXXXXXX5/ xqcLV 13 @6.2 40  @ 4x&/ %XXԀTotals gqR!^ 2q @36608@g36,608 fqQC^ 33 @36608 @q f50,460 Dq/!^ 43q D87,068 eqP!^ 53q ?1.1?e1.1\RP^ 63 ?1.1 40  ?q \#XX %&/8# XX*percentofGQpopulation f6 Source:Jonas(2003)Table8.3 *z7 #XX :#"!3"  !3s;23B3  0    Approximately6.2percentoftheGroupHomespopulationcamefromBeCountedforms *9 andhouseholdquestionnaires.B  d(1,page37,R20)dC  !3s;;݌:(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3<23B3  0    Approximately5.6percentofthepopulationinthecategorySBEfacilitiesandotherGQs < camefromBeCountedformsandhouseholdquestionnaires.B  d(1,page37,R21)dC  !3<=݌=(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3p>23B3  0    ForeachoftheotherGQcategories,nomorethan0.4percentofthepopulationcame b? fromBeCountedformsandhouseholdquestionnaires.B  d(Table4)dC  !3p>>݌N@(#(# Ќ  4.3.30  DuplicationintheGQUniverse&vB(#(# 4.3.3.10  SBEDuplicationND(#(# SincetheSBEoperationwasconductedoverathreedayperiod,itwaspossibletoenumerate !&F peoplemorethanonce.Forexample,ifsomeoneusedashelteronMarch27andreceived "G servicesatoneormoresoupkitchensand/orregularlyscheduledmobilefoodvansonMarch28 #H theymayhavebeenenumeratedateachoftheseservices.Alsoitwaspossibleforpersonswho $I receivedservicestofilloutaBeCountedform.AnattemptwasmadetounduplicatetheSBE % J enumerationsandcounteachpersononlyonceinthecensus.B  d(2,page7,R2)dC   r&!K Aspartoftheunduplicationprocess,individualdemographiccharacteristicswereassigneda J(#M weightbasedonwhethertheyagreedordisagreed.dB  ԍ(2,page7,R3)dC  ԀAgreementweightshadpositivevaluesand 6)$N disagreementweightshadnegativevalues.Variablesthatweremissingfromoneofthetwo "*r%O personrecordsinvolvedinthecomparisonwereassignedaweightofzero.Afinalweight +^&P assignedtothepairofpersonrecordswasthesumoftheagreementanddisagreementweights +J'Q foreachmatchingcharacteristic.Twoormorepersonrecordswereconsideredamatchifthe  cumulativeweightwasabove0.95.B  d(2,page8,R4)dC  ԀTherecordfortheprimarysourcewithineachpairwas  includedinthecensus.B  d(2,page8,R5)dC  ԀRefertoMcNally(2002)formoredetailsontheSBEunduplication  process. t Table5providestheresultsoftheunduplicationofSBEpersonrecordsatthenationallevelas L  reportedinMcNally(2002).Thefirstrowrepresentsthetotalnumberofdatacapturedperson 8  records.Thesecondrowprovidesthenumberofpersonrecordsthatmatchedtoanothercensus $ t personrecordandwerenotcountedinthecensus.Thethirdrowindicatesthetotalnumberof  ` unique(unduplicated)peoplethatwereincludedintheCensus2000results.Thefourthrow  L  indicatesthenumberofpersonrecordswithsufficientdataformatching.Thefifthrow  8  representsthenumberofpersonrecordswithinsufficientdataformatching.B  d(2,page16,R6)dC   $  Atotalof241,941datacapturedpersonsfromSBElocationswereincludedintheCensus.B  d(Table '#& 5)dC  ԀOf   those,approximately87percentB  d(2,page16,R7)dC  Ԁhadenoughinformationforthequestionnairetobeincludedin   theunduplicationprocess.    TABLE5:ResultsoftheSBEUnduplicationofDataCapturedPersonRecords  XX \ *")d d r r _ _b b9=(#(#,dd ,dd",d"+  .HH .#XX xL# XXԚ @/! @Number @/!" @Percent @/!" @TOTALDataCapturedPersonRecordsfromSBELocations dS!R @A258728@AdЀ258,728 uDR3 @A258728 @A Y@100.0Y@100.0 Y~HCR3 Y@100.0 Y@ YDataCapturedPersonRecordsMatchedandNotCounted Z~IX~ d@16787d@Z16,787 ~rCX3 d@16787 d@~ @6.5@6.5 PFAX3 @6.5 @~ PDataCapturedPersonRecordsCountedintheCensus TJ  A241941 AT241,941 ~tD3  A241941  A `W@93.5`W@~93.5 TGB3 `W@93.5 `W@ TЀDataCapturedPersonRecordswithSufficientDataforUnduplication WJX   A209488 A WЀ209,488 tDX 3  A209488  A  fffffU@86.6fffffU@ 86.6 X~GBX!3 fffffU@86.6 fffffU@  XЀDataCapturedPersonRecordswithInsufficientDataforUnduplication Z~I`"~ @@32453@@Z32,453 ~sC`#3 @@32453 @@~ *@13.4*@13.4RHF`$3 *@13.4  *@~ R#XX  N# XXSource:McNally(2002)#XX V# T$ McNally(2002)alsonotedthatnumerousrecordswereerroneouslyidentifiedasduplicates.Of T& the16,787personrecordsmatchedandunduplicatedduringdataprocessing,2,410 @' (14percent)weremostlikelyerroneouslyunduplicated.B  d(2,page17,R8)dC  ԀTargetednonshelteredoutdoor  ,( locationshadthehighestpercentage(39percent)oferroneousduplicates.B  d(2,page17, l  R9)dC   !) 4.3.3.20  WithinGQPersonDuplication#+(#(# Jonas(2003)conductedanevaluationofwithinGQpersonduplicationbasedonearlynon x% - systematicobservationsofCensusdatathatsuggestedtherewereasignificantnumberof d&!. duplicatepersonrecordswithinGQs,particularlyingrouphomesandothersmallGQs.He P'"/ designedastratifiedsampleof400GQsinfivestratatoestimatethemagnitudeofduplication <(#0  withintheGQpopulation.Itexcludedcorrectionalfacilities,militaryinstallations,andSBE ()x$1 facilitiesG ##  7      ,butincludedtherestoftheGQuniverse.TheportionoftheGQuniversefromwhich   thesamplewasdrawnincluded154,042GQscontaining5,156,168personrecords,or66percent  oftheGQpopulation.The400GQsinthesamplecontained18,650personrecords.B  d(1,page37, ,|$ R22)C  d  ThepersonrecordsineachGQwereclericallyexaminedtoidentifyduplicates.Recordswiththe ` samename,sex,andage/dateofbirthwereconsideredduplicates.B  d(1,page37,R23)C  dTheestimatednumberH ##  8      ׀of L  duplicatepersonrecordsis56,416 34,409,whichis1.1percent0.7percentofthepersonsin 8  GQsfromwhichthesamplewasdrawn.B  d(1,pages3738,R24)C  d $ t GrouphomesandreligiousGQswerefoundtobethelargestsinglesourceofduplication,  L  apparentlybecausemanysuchfacilitiesreturnedhouseholdquestionnairesinadditiontobeing  8  countedbyGQenumerators.B  d(1,page38,R25)C  d $  4.3.3.30  PeopleinHUsDuplicatedtoPeopleinGQs (#(# Feldpausch(2001)reportedonthenumberandpercentofEsamplepeople(i.e.,people   enumeratedincensusHUsintheA.C.E.sampleblockclusters)duplicatedtopeopleoutsidethe p searcharea.B  d(3,page3,R7)dC  ԀAsshowninTable5,shefoundtherewereoverahalfmillionEsamplepeople \ duplicatedoutsidethesearchareatopeopleingroupquartersB  d(3,page5,R14)dC  ,withoverhalftheduplicatesto H collegedormsB  d(3,page4,R15)dC  .OthertypesofGQswithahighpercentageofduplicationbasedonFeldpauschs 4 resultswerenursinghomes(about10.9percent),localjails(about8.5percent),militarybarracks  p (about4.5percent),andstateprisons(about4.5percent).B  d(3,page5,R16)C  d1h ##  9        \  TABLE6:ESampleDuplicatestoPeopleOutsidetheA.C.E.SearchAreainGQs 4 (StandardErrors) &/ %XX   * +dddd dd"d"")(#(#, dd ,dd ,dd ,dd +  3&   53 QD2 QCouldnotClaimaUHE @3$A" @CouldClaimaUHE A Ѐ \O83 5  5\ 3)1 3NotaDorm 9/!f3 9Dorm =0!f 3 = 8+!1  5  58Total TG;! )A189756)AT189,756 sD;"3 )A189756 )A ،A271158،A271,158 rD;#3 ،A271158 ،A @@59586@@59,586 dSI;$3 @@59586 5 @@ 5d XG`% -11028X(11,028) sD`&3 -11028  -34806(34,806) rD`'3 -34806  -5915(5,915)YOM`(3 -5915 5   Y  %&/Source:Feldpausch(2001)Table3 P ( ThenumbersareweightedwiththefinalESampleweight.Theyonlyincludecaseswherethemodelprobabilityof !d) beingaduplicateisgreaterthan0.5.B  d(3,page6,R9)dC   !(* Standarderrorsareshowninparentheses.#&/ % >m#XX %&/ "+  `#, ApersonfoundduplicatedwascapturedtwicebytheCensus.Therecordofthepersonthatwas  capturedinthecorrectplaceaccordingtocensusresidencerulesshouldhavebeencodedasa  correctenumeration.Therecordofthepersonthatwascapturedinanincorrectplaceaccording  tocensusresidencerulesshouldhavebeencodedasanerroneousenumeration.B  d(3,page1,R8)dC   t AssumingtheGQenumerationwasperfect,thosepeopleduplicatedtoGQsthatcouldnotclaim L  aUHEshouldallbeconsiderederroneousenumerations.B  d(3,page6,R3)dC  ԀForthemajorityofthesepeople,it 8  seemslikelythattheGQwastheirApril1residence. $ t AssumingtheGQenumerationwasperfect,thosepeopleduplicatedtoGQsthatcouldclaima  L  UHEshouldallbeconsideredcorrectenumerations.B  d(3,page6,R5)dC  ԀFormostofthesepeople,itseemslikely  8  thattheHUwastheirusualApril1residence. $  4.3.40  Recommendations (#(# ThefollowingrecommendationsweremadebyFeldpausch(2001),Jonas(2003),McNally   (2002),andSchoch(2003a): p InstitutesafeguardstomakeitmorelikelythatifthesamespecialplaceorGQisdeletedandre H added,itisidentifiedasthesameentityandidentifiedbythesameCensusidentificationnumber.B  d(1,page46,R49)C  d 4 Createandmaintainasourcecodeandhistoryofallactionsforeachfacilityfrombeginningof  \ initialfilecreationthroughprocessing.B  d(7,page14,R24)dC   H TrackindividualGQquestionnairesthroughpostenumerationprocessing,fromenumeration   throughdatacapture.InCensus2000,eachGQquestionnairehadauniquebarcodednumber   printedonit;however,thebarcodewasnotusedtotrackGQquestionnaires.  Institutemoreeffectivesoftwarequalityassuranceprograms.B  d(1,page47,R53)C  d  ReevaluatethedefinitionstoclarifythedistinctionsbetweenwhatconstitutesaGQversusan X  HU.B  d(7,page12,R18)dC  ԀAspointedoutbyJonas(2003),thelargestsinglesourceofduplicationwasaresultof D! smallgrouphomesbeingenumeratedashousingunitsaswellasGQs.B  d(1,page   38,R25)dC   0"  ResearchwaystoimprovetheSBEunduplicationprocess.B  d(2,page19,R23)C  d $X" ResearchwaystoreviseresidencerulesinstructionstoreduceduplicationbetweenHUsand %0!$ GQs.Somepossibleexplanationsforthisduplicationinclude: &"% "!3"  B.,X9` X XXB!3b{23B3  0    Theinstructionsindicatingwhotoincludemayhavebeenmisunderstoodorignoredby (#' therespondent.(ExamplesofpeopleenumeratedinHUsinerrorincludecollege )$( students,peopleinlocaljails,andpeopleinnursinghomes.)B  d(3,page7,R11)C  d!3b{{݌|*%)(#(# Ќ   h+&* "!3"  !3}23B3  0    Therespondentmaynothaverealizedthatahouseholdmemberwasenumerated  elsewhere.B  d(3,page7,R12)C  d!3}}݌(#(# Ќ  "!3 "  !323B3  0    SomeGQswereenumeratedusingadministrativerecordsthatdidnotreflecttheresidents t asofApril1,2000.B  d(3,page7,R13)C  d!3/݌`(#(# Ќ   5.0  SYNTHESISOFRESULTSANDRECOMMENDATIONSFORTHE2010 $ t CENSUS dq  `(#(# Thereweremanyspecificrecommendationsincludedintheevaluations,QAprofiles,operational  8  assessments,andheadquartersdebriefingreport.Manyofthoseareincludedinearliersections $  ofthisreport.Thissectiondiscussesthemajorrecurringthemesthatappearedacrossthesource   documents.E ##  10      ׀Asnotedbelow,theSP/GQ2010ResearchandDevelopment(R&D)Planning   Groupisalreadyworkingonclassificationissues,SP/GQinventorydevelopmentoperations,and   integratingtheHUandGQaddresslistsandoperations.ResearchanddevelopmentforGQ   enumerationandprocessingisalsoplanned. p   5.10  ReviseGQdefinitionsandclassificationofGQtypecodes. 37P H(#(# AccordingtoSchoch(2003a),theCensus2000SP/GQdefinitionsandclassificationswerethe  p foundationoftheSP/GQinventorydevelopmentprocess.Thesedefinitionsandclassifications  \ weredevelopedtoprovidetheparametersfordeterminingtheSP/GQuniverseandtofurther H definethespecifictypeoffacility. 4 Althoughthedefinitionsandclassificationswereresearchedandtestedoverthedecade,there   wereinherentweaknessesintheoverallidentificationandclassificationofsomefacilities,which  ultimatelyimpactedthefinalenumeration.B  d(7,page3,R25)C  dThesewere:   @!4567:;<(3Bxx @!4567:;<"!3"  !3S23B3  0    ThedefinitionsandtheterminologyusedbytheCensusBureauwerenotalways l consistentand/orcurrentwiththatofotheragencies,state,local,andtribalofficials,and X  thegeneralpublicthatresultedindiscrepancieswithinthefinalSP/GQuniverse.dB  ԍ(7,page   3,R25)C  d!3S݌D!(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !3w23B3  0    TheconceptofembeddedHUsinGQs(suchasaresidentadvisorsapartmentina #l! collegedormitory)wasnotclearlydefinedandwasgenerallymisunderstoodbybothstaff $X" andthegeneralpublic.Thelackofclarityassociatedwiththisconceptimpactednotonly $D # theidentificationofsuchunits,butcontributedtotheduplicationbetweentheGQand %0!$ HUinventories.dB  ԍ(7,page3,R25)C  d!3w݌&"%(#(# Ќ  "!3"  !323B3  0    TherewerealsoduplicatesbetweentheGQandHUinventoriesasaresultofthefailure  tomatchthetwoseparateinventoryfilesandflagduplicateaddresses.Anotherfactor  contributingtoduplicationwasthelackofclarityandconsistencyindefiningcertain  typesofGQs.B  d(7,page8,R27)dC  Ԁ!3K݌t(#(# Ќ  Recommendationsfallintotwobroadcategories. L  "!3"  !323B3  0    RevisetheGQdefinitionssothattheyarecurrent,agreewithterminologyusedby $ t facilityserviceproviders,advocates,governmentofficials,andthegeneralpublic,  d andcanbeeasilyunderstoodandimplementedbyfieldstaff .Aspartofthelessons  P  learnedfromtheCensus2000GroupQuartersoperationsandthe2010Censusplanning  @  effort,aninterdivisionalteamofCensusBureaugroupquartersexpertswasformedto ,  researchandrevisetheCensus2000groupquartersdefinitionsanddetailed   classifications.B  d(18,page1,R1)dC  ԀFurtherresearchwillbeundertakentodiscussthesedefinitionswith   industryexperts,representativesfromlocalgovernments,anddatausers.Plansareto   conductfocusgroupsandconferencestodiscussthedefinitions,conductcognitivetesting   toassessthechanges,andconductfieldworktotestandimplementthedefinitions.B  d(18,page7,R2)dC  !3ˏ݌x(#(# Ќ  ݀ d "!3"  !3۔23B3  0    ClarifythedistinctionsbetweenGQsandHUs .ManyofthesmallerGQsare P indistinguishableinappearancefromsinglefamilyresidences.B  d(1,page45,R48)C  dThesefacilities,therefore, @ mayhavereceivedanHUquestionnaireinthemailfromtheUSPSorduringthe ,| Update/LeaveL ##  11      ׀operationandalsomayhavebeenvisitedduringGQenumeration.B  d(7,page8,R28)dC  B  C  ԀOne h optionthatisbeingpursuedbytheSP/GQ2010R&DPlanningGroupistoenumerate T theseasHUsbuttabulatetheirpopulationaspartoftheGQuniverse.B  d(18,page56,R3)dC  Ԁ!3۔݌@(#(# Ќ  IncludeevaluationoftheclassificationofGQsbasedonthereviseddefinitionsinfuture  research. ItwasanticipatedthatStevens(2003)wouldprovideempiricalresultson  classificationissues;however,becauseofthedesignlimitationsofthestudy(evaluatingspecial  placeratherthanGQtypecodes),theresultsarenotpertinentforplanningthe2010Census.B  d(4,  page11,R1)C  d    5.20  IntegrateHUandGQaddresslistdevelopmentactivities. 37 h (#(#  ReevaluateanddesignamethodtointegratetheSP/GQinventorydevelopmentintothe @"  overallMAFdevelopmentprocess. Developan earlyintegrationandreconciliationofthe ,#|!  groupquartersandhousingunitfiles.Aspreviouslystated,theduplicationacrossinventories $l" existedprimarilyduetothefailuretomatchthetwoseparateinventoryfiles.dB  ԍ(7,page8,R27)C  d %X #  IntegrateGQswithHUsintheLUCAoperations .BecausetheSpecialPlaceFacility &0"% Questionnaireoperationwasnotcompletedontime,SP/GQcouldnotbeloadedintotheMAFin ' #& timetobeincludedintheLUCA98/99programsandthisnecessitatedtheseparateSPLUCA  program.B  d(16,page14,R2)dC  ԀBecauseofthisdelayedimplementation,otheroperationswerescheduledatthetime  theSPLUCAwasconductedandthereforeitwasdifficulttomeasurethesuccessofthe  individualSP/GQoperations.B  d(16,page6,R3)C  d t Inordertoresolvetheseissues,theSP/GQ2010R&DPlanningGroup,workingwithother L  planningandimplementationteams,isdevelopingandtestingnewprocedurestointegratethe 8  HUandGQlistingoperations.Onepartofthiseffortistoensurethataddresslistsforallfield $ t operationsincludebothHUsandGQs.Insteadoftrainingalllistersonidentifyingand  ` classifyingGQs,thelistersmerelyhavetoidentifyunitsforwhichtheyareunsureofthestatusas  L   otherlivingquarters.Trainedenumeratorswillgoouttotheotherlivingquartersandusinga  8  speciallydesignedOtherLivingQuartersQuestionnaire,determineiftheunitisanHUor,ifa $  GQ,classifytheGQbytheappropriatetypecode.     5.30  BeginplanningtheGQenumerationearly.   (#(#  BeginplanningSP/GQEnumerationoperationsearlyinthedecade soallplansare p completedandinplacetoallowforconsistencyandtimelycompletionofalltheassociated ` materials.B  d(8,page18,R34)dC  ԀIdeally,allplanning,procedures,andmaterialsforthe2010Censuswouldbe L completeintimeforthedressrehearsalin2008. 8 Earlyplanningforthe2010CensusenumerationofGQshasalreadybegun.Thefirstmeetingof ` theSP/GQ2010R&DPlanningGrouptookplaceinDecember2001.Mostofthisearlywork L centersonSP/GQinventorydevelopmentissues.Anewprocedure,GroupQuartersValidation, 8 usingtheOtherLivingQuartersQuestionnairewillbetestedinthe2004CensusTest. $  PlanmoretestsinvolvingSP/GQs tomakesurewehaveusedeveryopportunitytotestallparts  oftheoperationfromSP/GQinventorydevelopmenttoenumerationoftheGQs.Inadditionto  testingaddresslistdevelopmentproceduresinthe2004CensusTest,otherresearchand  developmentworkisplanned,includingfocusgroupsandmeetingswithindustryexpertsand t serviceprovidersandspecialpurposeteststoaddressGQissuesthatmaynotbesuitableforad `  dsitetest.Thisworkwillbefurtherdevelopedforthe2006CensusTest. L!   5.40  Continueresearchonservicebasedfacilityenumerationoperations. H $#t!(#(#  ContinuesupportingtheSBEoperationsforthe2010Census. B  d(2,page19,R24)C  dAccordingtoMcNally(2002), $L # theservicebasedenumerationoperationappearstobeasuccessfulmethodofincludingpeople %