1997 NAICS

Sector 61--Educational Services - NAICS

The Sector as a Whole

The Educational Services sector comprises establishments that provide instruction and training in a wide variety of subjects. This instruction and training is provided by specialized establishments, such as schools, colleges, universities, and training centers. These establishments may be privately owned and operated for profit or not for profit, or they may be publicly owned and operated. They may also offer food and accommodation services to their students.

Educational services are usually delivered by teachers or instructors that explain, tell, demonstrate, supervise, and direct learning. Instruction is imparted in diverse settings, such as educational institutions, the workplace, or the home through correspondence, television, or other means. It can be adapted to the particular needs of the students, for example sign language can replace verbal language for teaching students with hearing impairments. All industries in the sector share this commonality of process, namely, labor inputs of instructors with the requisite subject matter expertise and teaching ability.

611 Educational Services

Industries in the Educational Services subsector provide instruction and training in a wide variety of subjects. The instruction and training is provided by specialized establishments, such as schools, colleges, universities, and training centers.

The subsector is structured according to level and type of educational services. Elementary and secondary schools, junior colleges and colleges, universities, and professional schools correspond to a recognized series of formal levels of education designated by diplomas, associate degrees (including equivalent certificates), and degrees. The remaining industry groups are based more on the type of instruction or training offered and the levels are not always as formally defined. The establishments are often highly specialized, many offering instruction in a very limited subject matter, for example ski lessons or one specific computer software package. Within the sector, the level and types of training that are required of the instructors and teachers vary depending on the industry.

Establishments that manage schools and other educational establishments on a contractual basis are classified in this subsector if they both manage the operation and provide the operating staff. Such establishments are classified in the educational services subsector based on the type of facility managed and operated.

6111 Elementary and Secondary Schools

61111 Elementary and Secondary Schools^CAN

See industry description for 611110 below.

611110 Elementary and Secondary Schools^CAN

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in furnishing academic courses and associated course work that comprise a basic preparatory education. A basic preparatory education ordinarily constitutes kindergarten through 12th grade. This industry includes school boards and school districts.

Illustrative Examples:

Cross-References.

• Establishments primarily engaged in providing preschool or prekindergarten education are classified in Industry 624410, Child Day Care Services; and
• Military academies, college level are classified in Industry 61131, Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools.

6112 Junior Colleges

61121 Junior Colleges

See industry description for 611210 below.

611210 Junior Colleges

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in furnishing academic, or academic and technical, courses and granting associate degrees, certificates, or diplomas below the baccalaureate level. The requirement for admission to an associate or equivalent degree program is at least a high school diploma or equivalent general academic training.

6113 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools

61131 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools

See industry description for 611310 below.

611310 Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in furnishing academic courses and granting degrees at baccalaureate or graduate levels. The requirement for admission is at least a high school diploma or equivalent general academic training.

Illustrative Examples:

Cross-References.

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing academic, or academic and technical, courses and granting associate degrees, certificates, or diplomas below the baccalaureate level are classified in Industry 611210, Junior Colleges.

6114 Business Schools and Computer and Management Training

61141 Business and Secretarial Schools

See industry description for 611410 below.

611410 Business and Secretarial Schools

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering courses in office procedures and secretarial and stenographic skills and may offer courses in basic office skills, such as word processing. In addition, these establishments may offer such classes as office machine operation, reception, communications, and other skills designed for individuals pursuing a clerical or secretarial career.

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

• Offering computer training (except computer repair)--are classified in Industry 611420, Computer Training;
• Offering academic degrees (e.g., baccalaureate, graduate level) in business education--are classified in Industry 611310, Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools; and
• Offering training in the maintenance and repair of computers--are classified in Industry 611519, Other Technical and Trade Schools.

61142 Computer Training

See industry description for 611420 below.

611420 Computer Training

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting computer training (except computer repair), such as computer programming, software packages, computerized business systems, computer electronics technology, computer operations, and local area network management. Instruction may be provided at the establishment's facilities or at an off-site location, including the client's own facilities.

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

• Offering training in the maintenance and repair of computers--are classified in Industry 61151, Technical and Trade Schools; and
• Computer retailing, wholesaling, or computer system designing that may also provide computer training--are classified in their appropriate industries.

61143 Professional and Management Development Training

See industry description for 611430 below.

611430 Professional and Management Development Training

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering an array of short duration courses and seminars for management and professional development. Training for career development may be provided directly to individuals or through employers' training programs; and courses may be customized or modified to meet the special needs of customers. Instruction may be provided at the establishment's facilities or at an off-site location, including the client's own facilities.

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

• Advising clients on human resource and training issues without providing the training--are classified in U.S. Industry 541612, Human Resources and Executive Search Consulting Services; and
• Offering academic degrees (e.g., baccalaureate, graduate level)--are classified in Industry 611310, Colleges, Universities and Professional Schools.

6115 Technical and Trade Schools

61151 Technical and Trade Schools

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering vocational and technical training in a variety of technical subjects and trades. The training often leads to job-specific certification.

Illustrative Examples:

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

• Offering courses in office procedures and secretarial and stenographic skills--are classified in Industry 61141, Business and Secretarial Schools;
• Offering computer training (except computer repair)--are classified in Industry 61142, Computer Training;
• Offering professional and management development training--are classified in Industry 61143, Professional and Management Development Training;
• Offering academic courses that may also offer technical and trade courses--are classified according to the type of school;
• Specialty air transportation services which may also provide flight training--are classified in Industry 48121, Nonscheduled Air Transportation; and
• Offering registered nursing training--are classified in Industry 61121, Junior Colleges or Industry 61131, Colleges, Universities and Professional Schools.

611511 Cosmetology and Barber Schools^US

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering training in barbering, hair styling, or the cosmetic arts, such as makeup or skin care. These schools provide job-specific certification.

611512 Flight Training^US

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering aviation and flight training. These establishments may offer vocational training, recreational training, or both.

Cross-References.

Establishments primarily engaged in specialty air transportation services which may also provide flight training are classified in U.S. Industry 481219, Other Nonscheduled Air Transportation.

611513 Apprenticeship Training^US

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering apprenticeship training programs. These programs involve applied training as well as course work.

611519 Other Technical and Trade Schools^US

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering job or career vocational or technical courses (except cosmetology and barber training, aviation and flight training, and apprenticeship training). The curriculums offered by these schools are highly structured and specialized and lead to job-specific certification.

Illustrative Examples:

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

• Offering courses in office procedures and secretarial and stenographic skills--are classified in Industry 611410, Business and Secretarial Schools;
• Offering computer training (except computer repair)--are classified in Industry 611420, Computer Training;
• Offering professional and management development training--are classified in Industry 611430, Professional and Management Development Training;
• Offering registered nursing training with academic degrees (e.g., associate baccalaureate)--are classified in Industry 611210, Junior Colleges or Industry 611310, Colleges, Universities and Professional Schools;
• Offering aviation and flight training--are classified in U.S. Industry 611512, Flight Training;
• Offering cosmetology and barber training--are classified in U.S.Industry 611511, Cosmetology and Barber Schools;
• Offering academic courses that may also offer technical and trade courses--are classified according to the type of school; and
• Offering apprenticeship training programs--are classified in U.S. Industry 611513, Apprenticeship Training.

6116 Other Schools and Instruction

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering or providing instruction (except academic schools, colleges, and universities; and business, computer, management, technical, or trade instruction).

61161 Fine Arts Schools

See industry description for 611610 below.

611610 Fine Arts Schools

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering instruction in the arts, including dance, art, drama, and music.

Illustrative Examples:

Cross-References.

• Establishments offering high school diplomas or academic degrees (i.e., even if they specialize in fine arts) are classified elsewhere in this subsector according to the type of school; and
• Establishments primarily engaged in offering courses in commercial and graphic arts and commercial photography are classified in U.S. Industry 611519, Other Technical and Trade Schools.

61162 Sports and Recreation Instruction

See industry description for 611620 below.

611620 Sports and Recreation Instruction

This industry comprises establishments, such as camps and schools, primarily engaged in offering instruction in athletic activities to groups of individuals. Overnight and day sports instruction camps are included in this industry.

Illustrative Examples:

Cross-References.

• Establishments primarily engaged in operating overnight recreational camps that may offer some athletic instruction in addition to other activities are classified in U.S. Industry 721214, Recreation and Vacation Camps (except campgrounds);
• Establishments primarily engaged in operating sports and recreation establishments that also offer athletic instruction are classified in Sector 71, Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation;
• Independent (i.e., freelance) athletes engaged in providing sports instruction and participating in spectator sporting events are classified in U.S. Industry 711219, Other Spectator Sports; and
• Offering academic courses that may also offer athletic instruction are classified according to the type of school.

61163 Language Schools

See industry description for 611630 below.

611630 Language Schools

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering foreign language instruction (including sign language). These establishments are designed to offer language instruction ranging from conversational skills for personal enrichment to intensive training courses for career or educational opportunities.

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

• Offering academic courses that may also offer language instruction--are classified according to type of school; and
• Providing translation and interpretation services--are classified in Industry 541930, Translation and Interpretation Services.

61169 All Other Schools and Instruction

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering instruction (except business, computer, management, technical, trade, fine arts, athletic, and language instruction). Also excluded from this industry are academic schools, colleges, and universities.

Illustrative Examples:

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

• Offering elementary and secondary school instruction--are classified in Industry 61111, Elementary and Secondary Schools;
• Offering junior college instruction--are classified in Industry 61121, Junior Colleges;
• Offering college, university, and professional school instruction with academic degrees (e.g., baccalaureate, graduate)--are classified in Industry 61131, Colleges, Universities and Professional Schools;
• Offering business, computer (except computer repair), and management training--are classified in Industry Group 6114, Business Schools and Computer and Management Training;
• Offering technical and trade school instruction (e.g., computer repair and maintenance)--are classified in Industry 61151, Technical and Trade Schools;
• Offering fine arts instruction--are classified in Industry 61161, Fine Arts Schools;
• Offering sports and recreation instruction--are classified in Industry 61162, Sports and Recreation Instruction; and
• Offering language instruction--are classified in Industry 61163, Language Schools.

611691 Exam Preparation and Tutoring^US

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering preparation for standardized examinations and/or academic tutoring services.

Illustrative Examples:

611692 Automobile Driving Schools^US

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering automobile driving instruction.

Cross-References.

Establishments primarily engaged in offering truck and bus driving instruction are classified in U.S. Industry 611519, Other Technical and Trade Schools.

611699 All Other Miscellaneous Schools and Instruction^US

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in offering instruction (except business, computer, management, technical, trade, fine arts, athletic, language instruction, tutoring, and automobile driving instruction). Also excluded from this industry are academic schools, colleges, and universities.

Illustrative Examples:

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

• Offering elementary and secondary school instruction--are classified in Industry 611110, Elementary and Secondary Schools;
• Offering junior college instruction--are classified in Industry 611210, Junior Colleges;
• Offering college, university, and professional school instruction with academic degrees (e.g., baccalaureate, graduate)--are classified in Industry 611310, Colleges, Universities and Professional Schools;
• Offering business, computer (except computer repair), and management training--are classified in Industry Group 6114, Business Schools and Computer and Management Training;
• Offering technical and trade school instruction (e.g., computer repair and maintenance)--are classified in Industry 61151, Technical and Trade Schools;
• Offering fine arts instruction--are classified in Industry 611610, Fine Arts Schools;
• Offering sports and recreation instruction--are classified in Industry 611620, Sports and Recreation Instruction;
• Offering language instruction--are classified in Industry 611630, Language Schools;
• Offering exam preparation and tutoring services--are classified in U.S. Industry 611691, Exam Preparation and Tutoring; and
• Offering automobile driving instruction--are classified in U.S. Industry 611692, Automobile Driving Schools.

6117 Educational Support Services

61171 Educational Support Services

See industry description for 611710 below.

611710 Educational Support Services

This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing noninstructional services that support educational processes or systems.

Illustrative Examples:

Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--

• Providing job training for the unemployed, underemployed, physically disabled, and persons who have a job market disadvantage because of lack of education or job skills--are classified in Industry 624310, Vocational Rehabilitation Services; and
• Conducting research and analyses in cognitive development--are classified in Industry 541720, Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities.

US—United States industry only. CAN—United States and Canadian industries are comparable.
When neither US nor CAN appears, Canadian, Mexican, and United States industries are comparable.