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QuickFacts

Kentucky; Connecticut; Texas; Massachusetts

QuickFacts provides statistics for all states and counties. Also for cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more.

Table

	Kentucky	Connecticut	Texas	Massachusetts
Population estimates, July 1, 2023, (V2023)	 4,526,154	 3,617,176	 30,503,301	 7,001,399

People
Population
Population estimates, July 1, 2023, (V2023)	 4,526,154	 3,617,176	 30,503,301	 7,001,399
Population Estimates, July 1, 2022, (V2022)	 4,511,563	 3,608,706	 30,029,848	 6,982,740
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2023)	 4,506,297	 3,605,912	 29,145,459	 7,032,933
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2022)	 4,506,297	 3,605,912	 29,145,459	 7,032,933
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2023, (V2023)	 0.4%	 0.3%	 4.7%	 -0.4%
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2022, (V2022)	 0.1%	 0.1%	 3.0%	 -0.7%
Population, Census, April 1, 2020	4,505,836	3,605,944	29,145,505	7,029,917
Population, Census, April 1, 2010	4,339,367	3,574,097	25,145,561	6,547,629
Age and Sex
Persons under 5 years, percent	 5.8%	 5.0%	 6.3%	 4.9%
Persons under 18 years, percent	 22.3%	 20.2%	 24.8%	 19.2%
Persons 65 years and over, percent	 17.6%	 18.3%	 13.4%	 18.1%
Female persons, percent	 50.3%	 51.0%	 50.0%	 51.0%
Race and Hispanic Origin
White alone, percent	 86.9%	 78.4%	 77.4%	 79.4%
Black or African American alone, percent(a)	 8.7%	 12.9%	 13.4%	 9.5%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, percent(a)	 0.3%	 0.7%	 1.1%	 0.5%
Asian alone, percent(a)	 1.8%	 5.2%	 5.7%	 7.7%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, percent(a)	 0.1%	 0.1%	 0.2%	 0.1%
Two or More Races, percent	 2.3%	 2.7%	 2.3%	 2.7%
Hispanic or Latino, percent(b)	 4.3%	 18.2%	 40.2%	 13.1%
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent	 83.2%	 63.9%	 39.8%	 69.6%
Population Characteristics
Veterans, 2018-2022	244,703	146,179	1,416,973	266,304
Foreign born persons, percent, 2018-2022	4.1%	15.0%	17.1%	17.6%
Housing
Housing units, July 1, 2022, (V2022)	2,023,724	1,540,363	12,136,678	3,036,334
Owner-occupied housing unit rate, 2018-2022	68.1%	66.2%	62.4%	62.4%
Median value of owner-occupied housing units, 2018-2022	$177,000	$323,700	$238,000	$483,900
Median selected monthly owner costs -with a mortgage, 2018-2022	$1,344	$2,326	$1,913	$2,553
Median selected monthly owner costs -without a mortgage, 2018-2022	$440	$1,018	$611	$957
Median gross rent, 2018-2022	$902	$1,374	$1,251	$1,588
Building permits, 2022	15,050	5,652	263,054	17,692
Families & Living Arrangements
Households, 2018-2022	1,769,102	1,409,807	10,490,553	2,740,995
Persons per household, 2018-2022	2.48	2.48	2.73	2.46
Living in same house 1 year ago, percent of persons age 1 year+, 2018-2022	86.6%	88.5%	85.3%	87.8%
Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2018-2022	5.9%	22.6%	35.1%	24.5%
Computer and Internet Use
Households with a computer, percent, 2018-2022	91.6%	94.1%	94.8%	94.3%
Households with a broadband Internet subscription, percent, 2018-2022	85.6%	90.1%	88.4%	90.7%
Education
High school graduate or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2018-2022	88.2%	91.3%	85.2%	91.2%
Bachelor's degree or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2018-2022	26.5%	41.4%	32.3%	45.9%
Health
With a disability, under age 65 years, percent, 2018-2022	13.3%	8.0%	8.2%	8.1%
Persons without health insurance, under age 65 years, percent	 6.7%	 6.1%	 18.9%	 2.8%
Economy
In civilian labor force, total, percent of population age 16 years+, 2018-2022	59.2%	65.8%	64.6%	67.0%
In civilian labor force, female, percent of population age 16 years+, 2018-2022	55.2%	61.6%	58.5%	63.3%
Total accommodation and food services sales, 2017 ($1,000)(c)	9,191,213	10,791,510	74,369,383	22,892,801
Total health care and social assistance receipts/revenue, 2017 ($1,000)(c)	32,369,493	35,302,415	186,108,690	74,023,959
Total transportation and warehousing receipts/revenue, 2017 ($1,000)(c)	14,378,607	5,591,991	101,947,033	13,596,083
Total retail sales, 2017 ($1,000)(c)	64,294,266	55,404,479	417,231,877	110,194,522
Total retail sales per capita, 2017(c)	$14,430	$15,496	$14,748	$16,055
Transportation
Mean travel time to work (minutes), workers age 16 years+, 2018-2022	23.9	26.4	26.6	29.4
Income & Poverty
Median household income (in 2022 dollars), 2018-2022	$60,183	$90,213	$73,035	$96,505
Per capita income in past 12 months (in 2022 dollars), 2018-2022	$33,515	$52,034	$37,514	$53,513
Persons in poverty, percent	 16.5%	 9.8%	 14.0%	 10.4%

Businesses
Businesses
Total employer establishments, 2021	92,130	88,509	638,183	180,088
Total employment, 2021	1,617,040	1,442,204	10,798,364	3,175,568
Total annual payroll, 2021 ($1,000)	80,502,053	105,881,963	660,487,293	263,746,117
Total employment, percent change, 2020-2021	-3.0%	-7.0%	-3.7%	-6.3%
Total nonemployer establishments, 2021	314,953	297,768	2,865,697	581,006
All employer firms, Reference year 2017	63,839	68,248	423,488	138,829
Men-owned employer firms, Reference year 2017	37,716	43,477	248,029	89,993
Women-owned employer firms, Reference year 2017	11,435	12,014	85,010	23,778
Minority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2017	4,581	8,322	111,086	15,015
Nonminority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2017	53,689	53,238	280,280	111,958
Veteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2017	4,074	3,685	27,092	8,299
Nonveteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2017	52,806	57,353	361,218	117,263

Geography
Geography
Population per square mile, 2020	114.1	744.7	111.6	901.2
Population per square mile, 2010	109.9	738.1	96.3	839.4
Land area in square miles, 2020	39,491.61	4,842.37	261,267.85	7,800.96
Land area in square miles, 2010	39,486.34	4,842.36	261,231.71	7,800.06
FIPS Code	21	09	48	25

About datasets used in this table

Value Notes

Methodology differences may exist between data sources, and so estimates from different sources are not comparable.

Some estimates presented here come from sample data, and thus have sampling errors that may render some apparent differences between geographies statistically indistinguishable. Click the Quick Info  icon to the left of each row in TABLE view to learn about sampling error.

The vintage year (e.g., V2023) refers to the final year of the series (2020 thru 2023). Different vintage years of estimates are not comparable.

Users should exercise caution when comparing 2018-2022 ACS 5-year estimates to other ACS estimates. For more information, please visit the 2022 5-year ACS Comparison Guidance page.

Fact Notes

(a)Includes persons reporting only one race
(c)Economic Census - Puerto Rico data are not comparable to U.S. Economic Census data
(b)Hispanics may be of any race, so also are included in applicable race categories

Value Flags

-Either no or too few sample observations were available to compute an estimate, or a ratio of medians cannot be calculated because one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest or upper interval of an open ended distribution.
FFewer than 25 firms
DSuppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information
NData for this geographic area cannot be displayed because the number of sample cases is too small.
FNFootnote on this item in place of data
XNot applicable
SSuppressed; does not meet publication standards
NANot available
ZValue greater than zero but less than half unit of measure shown

QuickFacts data are derived from: Population Estimates, American Community Survey, Census of Population and Housing, Current Population Survey, Small Area Health Insurance Estimates, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, State and County Housing Unit Estimates, County Business Patterns, Nonemployer Statistics, Economic Census, Survey of Business Owners, Building Permits.