Alabama
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 5,193,088
People
Population
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 5,193,088
Population estimates, July 1, 2024, (V2024) 5,157,699
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2025) 5,025,437
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2024) 5,025,369
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2025, (V2025) 3.3%
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2024, (V2024) 2.6%
Population, Census, April 1, 2020 5,024,279
Population, Census, April 1, 2010 4,779,736
Age and Sex
Persons under 5 years, percent 5.7%
Persons under 18 years, percent 22.0%
Persons 65 years and over, percent 18.5%
Female persons, percent 51.5%
Race and Hispanic Origin
White alone, percent 68.7%
Black alone, percent(a) 26.5%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, percent(a) 0.8%
Asian alone, percent(a) 1.7%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, percent(a) 0.1%
Two or More Races, percent 2.1%
Hispanic or Latino, percent(b) 6.0%
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent 63.7%
Population Characteristics
Veterans, 2020-2024 303,253
Foreign-born persons, percent, 2020-2024 4.0%
Housing
Housing Units, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 2,406,306
Owner-occupied housing unit rate, 2020-2024 70.2%
Median value of owner-occupied housing units, 2020-2024 $209,900
Median selected monthly owner costs - with a mortgage, 2020-2024 $1,433
Median selected monthly owner costs - without a mortage, 2020-2024 $447
Median gross rent, 2020-2024 $1,007
Building Permits, 2025 19,061
Families & Living Arrangements
Households, 2020-2024 1,997,247
Persons per household, 2020-2024 2.48
Living in the same house 1 year ago, percent of persons age 1 year+ , 2020-2024 88.3%
Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2020-2024 6.0%
Computer and Internet Use
Households with a computer, percent, 2020-2024 93.7%
Households with a broadband Internet subscription, percent, 2020-2024 87.5%
Education
High school graduate or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 88.6%
Bachelor's degree or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 28.4%
Health
With a disability, under age 65 years, percent, 2020-2024 11.8%
Persons without health insurance, under age 65 years, percent 10.0%
Economy
In civilian labor force, total, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 57.9%
In civilian labor force, female, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 53.5%
Total accommodation and food services sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 13,650,008
Total health care and social assistance receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 38,895,946
Total transportation and warehousing receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 13,872,047
Total retail sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 94,272,444
Total retail sales per capita, 2022(c) $18,580
Transportation
Mean travel time to work (minutes), workers age 16 years+, 2020-2024 25.5
Income & Poverty
Median households income (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $63,999
Per capita income in past 12 months (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $36,087
Persons in poverty, percent 15.2%
Businesses
Businesses
Total employer establishments, 2023 105,720
Total employment, 2023 1,822,666
Total annual payroll, 2023 ($1,000) 101,040,212
Total employment, percent change, 2022-2023 2.5%
Total nonemployer establishments, 2023 388,978
All employer firms, Reference year 2023 70,676
Male-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 45,591
Female-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 13,219
Minority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 10,526
Nonminority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 54,983
Veteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 4,248
Nonveteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 60,450
Geography
Geography
Population per square mile, 2020 99.2
Population per square mile, 2010 94.4
Land area in square miles, 2020 50,647.13
Land area in square miles, 2010 50,645.33
FIPS Code 01