Atlanta city, Georgia
Chicago city, Illinois
New York city, New York
Houston city, Texas
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 529,110 2,731,585 8,584,629 2,397,315
People
Population
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 529,110 2,731,585 8,584,629 2,397,315
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2025) 498,805 2,748,333 8,805,594 2,299,649
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2025, (V2025) 6.1% -0.6% -2.5% 4.2%
Population, Census, April 1, 2020 498,715 2,746,388 8,804,190 2,304,580
Population, Census, April 1, 2010 420,003 2,695,598 8,175,133 2,099,451
Age and Sex
Persons under 5 years, percent 4.9% 5.3% 5.7% 6.7%
Persons under 18 years, percent 16.6% 19.4% 20.2% 23.4%
Persons 65 years and over, percent 12.3% 13.8% 16.6% 12.3%
Female persons, percent 51.0% 51.4% 52.0% 50.6%
Race and Hispanic Origin
White alone, percent 39.1% 36.0% 33.8% 30.4%
Black alone, percent(a) 46.0% 27.9% 21.9% 22.7%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, percent(a) 0.3% 1.1% 0.8% 1.0%
Asian alone, percent(a) 5.3% 7.3% 14.7% 6.9%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, percent(a) 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1%
Two or More Races, percent 7.2% 13.9% 12.3% 24.0%
Hispanic or Latino, percent(b) 6.3% 29.7% 28.5% 44.2%
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent 38.1% 32.1% 31.0% 23.2%
Population Characteristics
Veterans, 2020-2024 16,286 60,766 122,761 62,437
Foreign-born persons, percent, 2020-2024 9.0% 20.9% 36.6% 29.3%
Housing
Housing Units, July 1, 2025, (V2025) X X X X
Owner-occupied housing unit rate, 2020-2024 46.4% 46.0% 32.8% 42.1%
Median value of owner-occupied housing units, 2020-2024 $439,600 $334,100 $777,600 $277,800
Median selected monthly owner costs - with a mortgage, 2020-2024 $2,423 $2,339 $3,293 $2,240
Median selected monthly owner costs - without a mortage, 2020-2024 $836 $859 $1,150 $685
Median gross rent, 2020-2024 $1,711 $1,440 $1,821 $1,361
Building Permits, 2025 X X X X
Families & Living Arrangements
Households, 2020-2024 236,468 1,160,205 3,334,088 930,404
Persons per household, 2020-2024 2.00 2.29 2.48 2.46
Living in the same house 1 year ago, percent of persons age 1 year+ , 2020-2024 78.7% 86.0% 90.1% 82.9%
Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2020-2024 12.2% 35.4% 47.7% 47.1%
Computer and Internet Use
Households with a computer, percent, 2020-2024 96.1% 94.9% 94.7% 95.8%
Households with a broadband Internet subscription, percent, 2020-2024 91.7% 89.1% 90.5% 90.1%
Education
High school graduate or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 93.4% 87.2% 83.8% 80.4%
Bachelor's degree or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 59.2% 44.3% 41.6% 36.6%
Health
With a disability, under age 65 years, percent, 2020-2024 8.5% 8.4% 8.0% 8.2%
Persons without health insurance, under age 65 years, percent 11.3% 11.0% 7.2% 26.4%
Economy
In civilian labor force, total, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 68.7% 67.5% 63.1% 67.1%
In civilian labor force, female, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 66.2% 64.0% 59.2% 60.8%
Total accommodation and food services sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 5,534,887 13,762,862 43,681,266 14,257,407
Total health care and social assistance receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 13,219,440 31,969,605 126,098,139 43,151,568
Total transportation and warehousing receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 23,609,220 24,051,104 39,372,933 31,497,072
Total retail sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 13,290,849 39,446,662 169,239,957 72,956,801
Total retail sales per capita, 2022(c) $26,647 $14,759 $20,303 $31,686
Transportation
Mean travel time to work (minutes), workers age 16 years+, 2020-2024 26.5 33.1 40.3 27.2
Income & Poverty
Median households income (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $85,652 $77,902 $80,483 $64,813
Per capita income in past 12 months (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $65,718 $50,086 $51,844 $42,430
Persons in poverty, percent 16.9% 16.8% 17.9% 19.9%
Businesses
Businesses
Total employer establishments, 2023 X X X X
Total employment, 2023 X X X X
Total annual payroll, 2023 ($1,000) X X X X
Total employment, percent change, 2022-2023 X X X X
Total nonemployer establishments, 2024 X X X X
All employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X
Male-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X
Female-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X
Minority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X
Nonminority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X
Veteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X
Nonveteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X
Geography
Geography
Population per square mile, 2020 3,685.7 12,059.8 29,303.2 3,598.4
Population per square mile, 2010 3,154.3 11,841.8 27,012.4 3,501.5
Land area in square miles, 2020 135.31 227.73 300.45 640.44
Land area in square miles, 2010 133.15 227.63 302.64 599.59
FIPS Code 1304000 1714000 3651000 4835000