Birmingham city, Alabama
United States
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 195,893 341,784,857
People
Population
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 195,893 341,784,857
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2025) 200,486 331,516,113
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2025, (V2025) -2.3% 3.1%
Population, Census, April 1, 2020 200,733 331,449,281
Population, Census, April 1, 2010 212,237 308,745,538
Age and Sex
Persons under 5 years, percent 4.9% 5.4%
Persons under 18 years, percent 18.9% 21.1%
Persons 65 years and over, percent 16.4% 18.9%
Female persons, percent 53.1% 50.9%
Race and Hispanic Origin
White alone, percent 24.8% 72.3%
Black alone, percent(a) 66.9% 13.5%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, percent(a) 0.1% 2.1%
Asian alone, percent(a) 1.4% 6.9%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, percent(a) 0.1% 0.3%
Two or More Races, percent 4.2% 4.9%
Hispanic or Latino, percent(b) 4.8% 20.5%
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent 24.2% 56.1%
Population Characteristics
Veterans, 2020-2024 8,362 16,185,883
Foreign-born persons, percent, 2020-2024 4.7% 14.1%
Housing
Housing Units, July 1, 2025, (V2025) X 148,260,882
Owner-occupied housing unit rate, 2020-2024 45.5% 65.2%
Median value of owner-occupied housing units, 2020-2024 $158,800 $332,700
Median selected monthly owner costs - with a mortgage, 2020-2024 $1,377 $1,963
Median selected monthly owner costs - without a mortage, 2020-2024 $502 $638
Median gross rent, 2020-2024 $1,107 $1,413
Building Permits, 2025 X 1,431,616
Families & Living Arrangements
Households, 2020-2024 88,788 129,227,496
Persons per household, 2020-2024 2.12 2.53
Living in the same house 1 year ago, percent of persons age 1 year+ , 2020-2024 82.6% 87.7%
Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2020-2024 6.9% 22.3%
Computer and Internet Use
Households with a computer, percent, 2020-2024 94.0% 95.5%
Households with a broadband Internet subscription, percent, 2020-2024 87.0% 91.0%
Education
High school graduate or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 89.0% 89.6%
Bachelor's degree or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 31.1% 35.7%
Health
With a disability, under age 65 years, percent, 2020-2024 13.9% 9.3%
Persons without health insurance, under age 65 years, percent 15.0% 9.6%
Economy
In civilian labor force, total, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 59.2% 63.0%
In civilian labor force, female, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 56.6% 58.8%
Total accommodation and food services sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 1,009,971 1,196,315,575
Total health care and social assistance receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 9,974,856 3,330,304,719
Total transportation and warehousing receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 1,719,614 1,316,303,546
Total retail sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 5,197,628 6,974,691,329
Total retail sales per capita, 2022(c) $26,399 $20,928
Transportation
Mean travel time to work (minutes), workers age 16 years+, 2020-2024 20.8 26.4
Income & Poverty
Median households income (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $46,051 $80,734
Per capita income in past 12 months (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $32,216 $44,673
Persons in poverty, percent 24.7% 10.2%
Businesses
Businesses
Total employer establishments, 2023 X 8,361,342
Total employment, 2023 X 139,831,742
Total annual payroll, 2023 ($1,000) X 9,556,351,319
Total employment, percent change, 2022-2023 X 3.0%
Total nonemployer establishments, 2023 X 30,427,808
All employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 5,934,950
Male-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 3,638,693
Female-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 1,356,990
Minority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 1,400,775
Nonminority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 4,202,325
Veteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 261,330
Nonveteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X 5,343,976
Geography
Geography
Population per square mile, 2020 1,365.3 93.8
Population per square mile, 2010 1,453.0 87.4
Land area in square miles, 2020 147.03 3,533,038.28
Land area in square miles, 2010 146.07 3,531,905.43
FIPS Code 0107000 1