Huntsville city, Alabama
Birmingham city, Alabama
Montgomery city, Alabama
Mobile city, Alabama
Alabama
United States
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 233,627 195,893 195,300 200,824 5,193,088 341,784,857
People
Population
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 233,627 195,893 195,300 200,824 5,193,088 341,784,857
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2025) 214,989 200,486 200,580 206,900 5,025,437 331,516,113
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2025, (V2025) 8.7% -2.3% -2.6% -2.9% 3.3% 3.1%
Population, Census, April 1, 2020 215,006 200,733 200,603 187,041 5,024,279 331,449,281
Population, Census, April 1, 2010 180,105 212,237 205,764 195,111 4,779,736 308,745,538
Age and Sex
Persons under 5 years, percent 5.6% 4.9% 6.6% 6.2% 5.7% 5.4%
Persons under 18 years, percent 19.4% 18.9% 24.0% 22.2% 21.5% 21.1%
Persons 65 years and over, percent 16.4% 16.4% 16.0% 17.4% 19.4% 18.9%
Female persons, percent 51.1% 53.1% 53.5% 53.3% 51.8% 50.9%
Race and Hispanic Origin
White alone, percent 57.5% 24.8% 26.6% 41.9% 67.3% 72.3%
Black alone, percent(a) 29.2% 66.9% 63.1% 50.4% 25.9% 13.5%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, percent(a) 0.5% 0.1% 0.3% 0.1% 1.1% 2.1%
Asian alone, percent(a) 2.2% 1.4% 3.4% 2.2% 1.8% 6.9%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, percent(a) 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.3%
Two or More Races, percent 7.6% 4.2% 4.9% 4.0% 3.9% 4.9%
Hispanic or Latino, percent(b) 8.0% 4.8% 4.9% 3.7% 6.5% 20.5%
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent 55.9% 24.2% 25.8% 41.1% 62.5% 56.1%
Population Characteristics
Veterans, 2020-2024 17,932 8,362 12,650 11,078 303,253 16,185,883
Foreign-born persons, percent, 2020-2024 6.7% 4.7% 5.8% 4.3% 4.0% 14.1%
Housing
Housing Units, July 1, 2025, (V2025) X X X X 2,406,306 148,260,882
Owner-occupied housing unit rate, 2020-2024 58.3% 45.5% 54.4% 54.0% 70.2% 65.2%
Median value of owner-occupied housing units, 2020-2024 $293,600 $158,800 $161,900 $193,300 $209,900 $332,700
Median selected monthly owner costs - with a mortgage, 2020-2024 $1,573 $1,377 $1,307 $1,409 $1,433 $1,963
Median selected monthly owner costs - without a mortage, 2020-2024 $481 $502 $445 $491 $447 $638
Median gross rent, 2020-2024 $1,171 $1,107 $1,089 $1,068 $1,007 $1,413
Building Permits, 2025 X X X X 19,061 1,431,616
Families & Living Arrangements
Households, 2020-2024 95,310 88,788 81,241 84,639 1,997,247 129,227,496
Persons per household, 2020-2024 2.22 2.12 2.34 2.33 2.48 2.53
Living in the same house 1 year ago, percent of persons age 1 year+ , 2020-2024 83.2% 82.6% 82.0% 86.7% 88.3% 87.7%
Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2020-2024 8.4% 6.9% 7.5% 5.6% 6.0% 22.3%
Computer and Internet Use
Households with a computer, percent, 2020-2024 96.7% 94.0% 94.5% 95.7% 93.7% 95.5%
Households with a broadband Internet subscription, percent, 2020-2024 91.8% 87.0% 90.3% 86.9% 87.5% 91.0%
Education
High school graduate or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 92.0% 89.0% 89.2% 91.0% 88.6% 89.6%
Bachelor's degree or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 47.2% 31.1% 33.8% 32.0% 28.4% 35.7%
Health
With a disability, under age 65 years, percent, 2020-2024 10.5% 13.9% 12.7% 9.1% 11.8% 9.3%
Persons without health insurance, under age 65 years, percent 10.6% 15.0% 13.0% 11.7% 10.0% 9.6%
Economy
In civilian labor force, total, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 63.8% 59.2% 57.8% 59.5% 57.9% 63.0%
In civilian labor force, female, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 58.3% 56.6% 54.9% 56.7% 53.5% 58.8%
Total accommodation and food services sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 945,055 1,009,971 958,307 763,042 13,650,008 1,196,315,575
Total health care and social assistance receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 3,589,881 9,974,856 2,656,796 3,124,905 38,895,946 3,330,304,719
Total transportation and warehousing receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 368,396 1,719,614 561,011 1,304,951 13,872,047 1,316,303,546
Total retail sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 6,712,690 5,197,628 4,602,565 5,393,569 94,272,444 6,974,691,329
Total retail sales per capita, 2022(c) $30,233 $26,399 $23,370 $29,426 $18,580 $20,928
Transportation
Mean travel time to work (minutes), workers age 16 years+, 2020-2024 19.7 20.8 20.7 22.8 25.5 26.4
Income & Poverty
Median households income (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $74,714 $46,051 $56,811 $53,558 $63,999 $80,734
Per capita income in past 12 months (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $46,854 $32,216 $33,458 $33,935 $36,087 $44,673
Persons in poverty, percent 12.6% 24.7% 21.5% 18.4% 15.2% 10.2%
Businesses
Businesses
Total employer establishments, 2023 X X X X 105,720 8,361,342
Total employment, 2023 X X X X 1,822,666 139,831,742
Total annual payroll, 2023 ($1,000) X X X X 101,040,212 9,556,351,319
Total employment, percent change, 2022-2023 X X X X 2.5% 3.0%
Total nonemployer establishments, 2024 X X X X 399,018 31,985,874
All employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X 70,676 5,934,950
Male-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X 45,591 3,638,693
Female-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X 13,219 1,356,990
Minority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X 10,526 1,400,775
Nonminority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X 54,983 4,202,325
Veteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X 4,248 261,330
Nonveteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 X X X X 60,450 5,343,976
Geography
Geography
Population per square mile, 2020 985.7 1,365.3 1,254.9 1,341.0 99.2 93.8
Population per square mile, 2010 861.5 1,453.0 1,289.5 1,402.6 94.4 87.4
Land area in square miles, 2020 218.12 147.03 159.86 139.48 50,647.13 3,533,038.28
Land area in square miles, 2010 209.05 146.07 159.57 139.11 50,645.33 3,531,905.43
FIPS Code 0137000 0107000 0151000 0150000 01 1