Madison County, Illinois
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent 82.1%
People
Population
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 263,110
Population estimates, July 1, 2024, (V2024) 263,017
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2025) 265,983
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2024) 265,972
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2025, (V2025) -1.1%
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2024, (V2024) -1.1%
Population, Census, April 1, 2020 265,859
Population, Census, April 1, 2010 269,282
Age and Sex
Persons under 5 years, percent 4.9%
Persons under 18 years, percent 20.8%
Persons 65 years and over, percent 19.6%
Female persons, percent 51.3%
Race and Hispanic Origin
White alone, percent 86.0%
Black alone, percent(a) 9.8%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, percent(a) 0.4%
Asian alone, percent(a) 1.2%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, percent(a) 0.1%
Two or More Races, percent 2.5%
Hispanic or Latino, percent(b) 4.6%
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent 82.1%
Population Characteristics
Veterans, 2020-2024 17,114
Foreign-born persons, percent, 2020-2024 2.2%
Housing
Housing Units, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 119,947
Owner-occupied housing unit rate, 2020-2024 74.2%
Median value of owner-occupied housing units, 2020-2024 $173,000
Median selected monthly owner costs - with a mortgage, 2020-2024 $1,511
Median selected monthly owner costs - without a mortage, 2020-2024 $653
Median gross rent, 2020-2024 $1,024
Building Permits, 2025 435
Families & Living Arrangements
Households, 2020-2024 110,134
Persons per household, 2020-2024 2.35
Living in the same house 1 year ago, percent of persons age 1 year+ , 2020-2024 88.5%
Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2020-2024 3.6%
Computer and Internet Use
Households with a computer, percent, 2020-2024 94.9%
Households with a broadband Internet subscription, percent, 2020-2024 91.0%
Education
High school graduate or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 93.9%
Bachelor's degree or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 31.0%
Health
With a disability, under age 65 years, percent, 2020-2024 11.4%
Persons without health insurance, under age 65 years, percent 5.4%
Economy
In civilian labor force, total, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 62.6%
In civilian labor force, female, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 59.4%
Total accommodation and food services sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 659,795
Total health care and social assistance receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 1,806,407
Total transportation and warehousing receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 1,594,033
Total retail sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 4,767,993
Total retail sales per capita, 2022(c) $18,090
Transportation
Mean travel time to work (minutes), workers age 16 years+, 2020-2024 24.9
Income & Poverty
Median households income (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $75,793
Per capita income in past 12 months (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $41,560
Persons in poverty, percent 9.6%
Businesses
Businesses
Total employer establishments, 2023 5,659
Total employment, 2023 93,915
Total annual payroll, 2023 ($1,000) 5,038,324
Total employment, percent change, 2022-2023 1.5%
Total nonemployer establishments, 2023 16,945
All employer firms, Reference year 2023 4,088
Male-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 1,967
Female-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 S
Minority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 248
Nonminority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 3,311
Veteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 184
Nonveteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 3,317
Geography
Geography
Population per square mile, 2020 371.6
Population per square mile, 2010 376.3
Land area in square miles, 2020 715.50
Land area in square miles, 2010 715.58
FIPS Code 17119