Union County, Iowa
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 11,829
People
Population
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 11,829
Population estimates, July 1, 2024, (V2024) 11,955
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2025) 12,142
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2024) 12,138
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2025, (V2025) -2.6%
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2024, (V2024) -1.5%
Population, Census, April 1, 2020 12,138
Population, Census, April 1, 2010 12,534
Age and Sex
Persons under 5 years, percent 5.1%
Persons under 18 years, percent 21.8%
Persons 65 years and over, percent 21.5%
Female persons, percent 50.6%
Race and Hispanic Origin
White alone, percent 94.9%
Black alone, percent(a) 1.7%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, percent(a) 1.2%
Asian alone, percent(a) 0.7%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, percent(a) 0.1%
Two or More Races, percent 1.4%
Hispanic or Latino, percent(b) 4.7%
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent 91.6%
Population Characteristics
Veterans, 2020-2024 706
Foreign-born persons, percent, 2020-2024 1.8%
Housing
Housing Units, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 5,770
Owner-occupied housing unit rate, 2020-2024 72.1%
Median value of owner-occupied housing units, 2020-2024 $122,000
Median selected monthly owner costs - with a mortgage, 2020-2024 $1,250
Median selected monthly owner costs - without a mortage, 2020-2024 $596
Median gross rent, 2020-2024 $721
Building Permits, 2025 23
Families & Living Arrangements
Households, 2020-2024 5,116
Persons per household, 2020-2024 2.28
Living in the same house 1 year ago, percent of persons age 1 year+ , 2020-2024 88.1%
Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2020-2024 4.3%
Computer and Internet Use
Households with a computer, percent, 2020-2024 91.8%
Households with a broadband Internet subscription, percent, 2020-2024 84.9%
Education
High school graduate or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 91.5%
Bachelor's degree or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 23.3%
Health
With a disability, under age 65 years, percent, 2020-2024 12.0%
Persons without health insurance, under age 65 years, percent 5.9%
Economy
In civilian labor force, total, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 57.9%
In civilian labor force, female, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 53.7%
Total accommodation and food services sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 20,203
Total health care and social assistance receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 129,576
Total transportation and warehousing receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 21,426
Total retail sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 212,421
Total retail sales per capita, 2022(c) $17,846
Transportation
Mean travel time to work (minutes), workers age 16 years+, 2020-2024 15.8
Income & Poverty
Median households income (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $57,772
Per capita income in past 12 months (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $31,697
Persons in poverty, percent 13.4%
Businesses
Businesses
Total employer establishments, 2023 305
Total employment, 2023 4,687
Total annual payroll, 2023 ($1,000) 200,659
Total employment, percent change, 2022-2023 4.2%
Total nonemployer establishments, 2023 805
All employer firms, Reference year 2023 162
Male-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 78
Female-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 S
Minority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 S
Nonminority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 109
Veteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 8
Nonveteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 101
Geography
Geography
Population per square mile, 2020 28.7
Population per square mile, 2010 29.6
Land area in square miles, 2020 423.65
Land area in square miles, 2010 423.65
FIPS Code 19175