Kentucky
Population, Census, April 1, 2020 4,505,836
People
Population
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 4,606,864
Population estimates, July 1, 2024, (V2024) 4,588,372
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2025) 4,506,287
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2024) 4,506,302
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2025, (V2025) 2.2%
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2024, (V2024) 1.8%
Population, Census, April 1, 2020 4,505,836
Population, Census, April 1, 2010 4,339,367
Age and Sex
Persons under 5 years, percent 5.8%
Persons under 18 years, percent 22.4%
Persons 65 years and over, percent 18.0%
Female persons, percent 50.4%
Race and Hispanic Origin
White alone, percent 86.1%
Black alone, percent(a) 8.9%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, percent(a) 0.4%
Asian alone, percent(a) 2.1%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, percent(a) 0.1%
Two or More Races, percent 2.4%
Hispanic or Latino, percent(b) 5.6%
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent 81.3%
Population Characteristics
Veterans, 2020-2024 228,692
Foreign-born persons, percent, 2020-2024 4.7%
Housing
Housing Units, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 2,070,495
Owner-occupied housing unit rate, 2020-2024 68.3%
Median value of owner-occupied housing units, 2020-2024 $205,600
Median selected monthly owner costs - with a mortgage, 2020-2024 $1,433
Median selected monthly owner costs - without a mortage, 2020-2024 $469
Median gross rent, 2020-2024 $967
Building Permits, 2025 14,940
Families & Living Arrangements
Households, 2020-2024 1,814,469
Persons per household, 2020-2024 2.43
Living in the same house 1 year ago, percent of persons age 1 year+ , 2020-2024 87.5%
Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2020-2024 6.8%
Computer and Internet Use
Households with a computer, percent, 2020-2024 93.6%
Households with a broadband Internet subscription, percent, 2020-2024 88.6%
Education
High school graduate or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 88.9%
Bachelor's degree or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 27.6%
Health
With a disability, under age 65 years, percent, 2020-2024 13.5%
Persons without health insurance, under age 65 years, percent 8.2%
Economy
In civilian labor force, total, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 59.3%
In civilian labor force, female, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 55.5%
Total accommodation and food services sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 11,656,465
Total health care and social assistance receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 43,231,092
Total transportation and warehousing receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 18,580,730
Total retail sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 88,306,628
Total retail sales per capita, 2022(c) $19,573
Transportation
Mean travel time to work (minutes), workers age 16 years+, 2020-2024 24.0
Income & Poverty
Median households income (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $63,726
Per capita income in past 12 months (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $35,821
Persons in poverty, percent 15.6%
Businesses
Businesses
Total employer establishments, 2023 94,402
Total employment, 2023 1,708,602
Total annual payroll, 2023 ($1,000) 93,640,066
Total employment, percent change, 2022-2023 2.5%
Total nonemployer establishments, 2023 335,592
All employer firms, Reference year 2023 62,546
Male-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 38,101
Female-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 S
Minority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 6,726
Nonminority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 50,671
Veteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 2,936
Nonveteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 53,951
Geography
Geography
Population per square mile, 2020 114.1
Population per square mile, 2010 109.9
Land area in square miles, 2020 39,491.61
Land area in square miles, 2010 39,486.34
FIPS Code 21