Union County, New Jersey
New Jersey
Population, Census, April 1, 2010 536,499 8,791,894
People
Population
Population estimates, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 601,863 9,548,215
Population estimates base, April 1, 2020, (V2025) 575,332 9,289,024
Population, percent change - April 1, 2020 (estimates base) to July 1, 2025, (V2025) 4.6% 2.8%
Population, Census, April 1, 2020 575,345 9,288,994
Population, Census, April 1, 2010 536,499 8,791,894
Age and Sex
Persons under 5 years, percent 6.0% 5.5%
Persons under 18 years, percent 23.0% 20.9%
Persons 65 years and over, percent 15.6% 18.5%
Female persons, percent 51.2% 51.2%
Race and Hispanic Origin
White alone, percent 62.2% 66.8%
Black alone, percent(a) 24.1% 15.8%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, percent(a) 2.6% 1.8%
Asian alone, percent(a) 7.0% 11.6%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, percent(a) 0.2% 0.1%
Two or More Races, percent 3.9% 3.8%
Hispanic or Latino, percent(b) 37.7% 24.0%
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent 34.5% 49.6%
Population Characteristics
Veterans, 2020-2024 11,260 273,031
Foreign-born persons, percent, 2020-2024 33.6% 23.9%
Housing
Housing Units, July 1, 2025, (V2025) 215,662 3,827,726
Owner-occupied housing unit rate, 2020-2024 57.4% 63.8%
Median value of owner-occupied housing units, 2020-2024 $529,200 $454,400
Median selected monthly owner costs - with a mortgage, 2020-2024 $3,203 $2,829
Median selected monthly owner costs - without a mortage, 2020-2024 $1,438 $1,232
Median gross rent, 2020-2024 $1,730 $1,720
Building Permits, 2025 1,228 27,661
Families & Living Arrangements
Households, 2020-2024 203,277 3,507,701
Persons per household, 2020-2024 2.82 2.62
Living in the same house 1 year ago, percent of persons age 1 year+ , 2020-2024 90.5% 90.4%
Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2020-2024 47.6% 33.1%
Computer and Internet Use
Households with a computer, percent, 2020-2024 95.8% 95.9%
Households with a broadband Internet subscription, percent, 2020-2024 93.3% 92.8%
Education
High school graduate or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 86.3% 90.7%
Bachelor's degree or higher, percent of persons age 25 years+, 2020-2024 38.9% 43.6%
Health
With a disability, under age 65 years, percent, 2020-2024 5.9% 7.0%
Persons without health insurance, under age 65 years, percent 13.5% 9.1%
Economy
In civilian labor force, total, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 69.3% 66.3%
In civilian labor force, female, percent of population age 16 years+, 2020-2024 64.2% 61.7%
Total accommodation and food services sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 1,586,186 31,189,464
Total health care and social assistance receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 5,055,272 96,064,339
Total transportation and warehousing receipts/revenue, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 4,942,411 44,934,981
Total retail sales, 2022 ($1,000)(c) 11,458,201 208,629,891
Total retail sales per capita, 2022(c) $20,087 $22,528
Transportation
Mean travel time to work (minutes), workers age 16 years+, 2020-2024 30.2 30.5
Income & Poverty
Median households income (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $103,202 $103,556
Per capita income in past 12 months (in 2024 dollars), 2020-2024 $52,874 $54,253
Persons in poverty, percent 9.7% 9.2%
Businesses
Businesses
Total employer establishments, 2023 14,276 237,968
Total employment, 2023 208,505 3,945,019
Total annual payroll, 2023 ($1,000) 15,063,184 292,109,933
Total employment, percent change, 2022-2023 4.0% 3.4%
Total nonemployer establishments, 2024 61,956 924,331
All employer firms, Reference year 2023 12,397 185,622
Male-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 8,440 121,647
Female-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 2,138 38,402
Minority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 3,842 52,273
Nonminority-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 7,456 122,139
Veteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 211 5,042
Nonveteran-owned employer firms, Reference year 2023 11,196 169,932
Geography
Geography
Population per square mile, 2020 5,598.6 1,263.0
Population per square mile, 2010 5,216.1 1,195.5
Land area in square miles, 2020 102.77 7,354.76
Land area in square miles, 2010 102.86 7,354.22
FIPS Code 34039 34