The 2010 Census was conducted as of April 1, 2010 and used one of the shortest questionnaires in the U.S. census's history. The questionnaire asked just 10 questions of all households in the United States and Island Areas related to name, gender, age, race, ethnicity, relationship, and whether you own or rent your home. Collection of data about education, housing, jobs, etc. collected by previous censuses long-form questionnaires are now collected by the U.S. Census Bureau's annual American Community Survey.
According to the Census Bureau, the 2010 Census represented the most massive participation movement ever witnessed in the United States. Approximately 74 percent of households returned their census forms by mail and enumerators counted the remaining households.
On December 21, 2010, officials from the U.S. Department of Commerce and Census Bureau released the 2010 Census national and state population totals. The data showed that the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2010, was 308,745,538, representing an increase of 9.7 percent over the 2000 total.