Thus, for a particular sample, one can say with specified confidence that the average of all possible samples is included in the constructed interval.
When a report is not received from a building permit office, missing housing unit data are either obtained by using permits listed for the Census Bureau's Survey of Construction (SOC) or are imputed. Data from the SOC are available for only about 900 permit offices. For places not in the SOC, imputations are used. Imputations are based on the assumption that the ratio of current month or year authorizations to the prior annual total should be the same for reporting and nonreporting places.
Data labeled as "Estimates with Imputation" include the imputed data as well as reported data from the respondent or from the SOC.
A housing unit, as defined for purposes of these data, is a house, an apartment, a group of rooms, or a single room intended for occupancy as separate living quarters. Separate living quarters are those in which the occupants live separately from any other individuals in the building and which have a direct access from the outside of the building or through a common hall.
In accordance with this definition, each apartment unit in an apartment building is counted as one housing unit. Housing units, as distinguished from "HUD-code" manufactured (mobile) homes, include conventional "site-built" units, prefabricated, panelized, sectional, and modular units.
Housing unit statistics also exclude group quarters (such as dormitories and rooming houses), transient accommodations (such as transient hotels, motels, and tourist courts), moved or relocated buildings, and housing units created in an existing residential or nonresidential structure.
Units in assisted living facilities are considered to be housing units, however, units in nursing homes are not considered to be housing units.
A manufactured home is defined as a movable dwelling, 8 feet or more wide and 40 feet or more long, designed to be towed on its own chassis, with transportation gear integral to the unit when it leaves the factory, and without need of a permanent foundation. These homes are built in accordance with the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) building code.
Statistics on manufactured homes are excluded from the New Residential Construction statistics. These can be found on the Manufactured Housing Survey website at www.census.gov/programs-surveys/mhs.html.
The category of statistics called "New Residential Construction" consists of data on the five phases of a residential construction project: (1) housing units authorized to be built by a building or zoning permit; (2) housing units authorized to be built, but not yet started; (3) housing units started; (4) housing units under construction; and (5) housing units completed.
New residential construction statistics exclude group quarters (such as dormitories and rooming houses), transient accommodations (such as transient hotels, motels, and tourist courts), "HUD-code" manufactured (mobile) homes, moved or relocated buildings, and housing units created in an existing residential or nonresidential structure.
In a new building combining residential and nonresidential floor areas, every effort is made to include the residential units in these statistics, even if the primary function of the entire building is for nonresidential purposes.
These statistics only include privately-owned buildings. Publicly-owned housing units are excluded from the statistics. Units in structures built by private developers with partial public subsidies or which are for sale upon completion to local public housing authorities under the HUD "Turnkey" program are all classified as private housing.
Data labeled "Not Seasonally Adjusted" refers to the fact that the data are not adjusted for seasonality using seasonal adjustment and not shown at an annual rate.
Detailed information on seasonal adjustment can be found at: www.census.gov/topics/research/seasonal-adjustment.html.
Public housing is a residential building owned by a federal, state or local agency.
Units in structures built by private developers with partial public subsidies or which are for sale upon completion to local public housing authorities under the HUD "Turnkey" program are all classified as private housing.
Northeast | Midwest | South | West |
---|---|---|---|
Connecticut | Illinois | Alabama | Alaska |
Maine | Indiana | Arkansas | Arizona |
Massachusetts | Iowa | Delaware | California |
New Hampshire | Kansas | District of Columbia | Colorado |
New Jersey | Michigan | Florida | Hawaii |
New York | Minnesota | Georgia | Idaho |
Pennsylvania | Missouri | Kentucky | Montana |
Rhode Island | Nebraska | Louisiana | Nevada |
Vermont | North Dakota | Maryland | New Mexico |
Ohio | Mississippi | Oregon | |
South Dakota | North Carolina | Utah | |
Wisconsin | Oklahoma | Washington | |
South Carolina | Wyoming | ||
Tennessee | |||
Texas | |||
Virginia | |||
West Virginia |
A map of the regions can be found at: www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/maps/reference/us_regdiv.pdf.
Seasonal adjustment is the process of estimating and removing seasonal effects from a time series to better reveal certain non-seasonal features such as underlying trends and business cycles. Seasonal adjustment procedures estimate effects that occur in the same calendar month with similar magnitude and direction from year to year. In series whose seasonal effects come primarily from weather, the seasonal factors are estimates of average weather effects for each month. Seasonal adjustment does not account for abnormal weather conditions or for year-to-year changes in weather. Seasonal factors are estimates based on present and past experience. Future data may show a different pattern.
Most of the seasonally adjusted series are shown as seasonally adjusted annual rates (SAAR). The seasonally adjusted annual rate is the seasonally adjusted monthly value multiplied by 12. The benefit of the annual rate is that not only can one monthly estimate be compared with another; monthly data can also be compared with an annual total. The seasonally adjusted annual rate is neither a forecast nor a projection; rather it is a description of the rate of building permits, housing starts, housing completions, or new home sales in the particular month for which they are calculated.
Data labeled "Not Seasonally Adjusted" refers to the fact that the data are not adjusted for seasonality using seasonal adjustment and not shown at an annual rate.
Detailed information on seasonal adjustment can be found at: www.census.gov/topics/research/seasonal-adjustment.html.
The single-family statistics include fully detached, semidetached (semiattached, side-by-side), row houses, and townhouses. In the case of attached units, each must be separated from the adjacent unit by a ground-to-roof wall in order to be classified as a single-family structure. Also, these units must not share heating/air-conditioning systems or utilities.
Units built one on top of another and those built side-by-side that do not have a ground-to-roof wall and/or have common facilities (i.e., attic, basement, heating plant, plumbing, etc.) are not included in the single-family statistics.
The statistics, by type of structure, refer to the structural characteristics of the building.
The one-unit structure category is a single-family home. It includes fully detached, semidetached (semiattached, side-by-side), row houses, and townhouses (see "Single-Family House".)
Multifamily structures are classified by the number of housing units in the structure.
Data are tabulated for 2 units, 3 and 4 units combined, and 5 or more unit structures.
For estimates of housing units authorized from the Building Permits Survey, the "Universe" is defined as all unique permit offices at the time the last sample was selected. "Unique" permit offices are those jurisdictions that would not result in double reporting. For example, if a city issues zoning permits and its county issues building permits (including permits for buildings in the city(, only the county office is included in the universe. The numbers associated with the various universes (e.g., 20,000-place universe( are rounded for ease of identification:
1959 Universe included approximately 10,000 permit-issuing places and was used from January 1959 to December 1962