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From March 2020 to April 2021, the mail contact strategy for the American Community Survey (ACS) was disrupted by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. To mitigate the interruption in operations and staffing constraints, the ACS program made several changes to the mail contact strategy, including reducing the number of mailings, changing the initial mail package to a pressure seal letter for some panels, and not sending a paper questionnaire package to a subsample of nonresponding housing units. Unexpectedly, the panels that used the pressure seal letter had a nominally higher number of returns compared to the panels which used the initial mail package. This report provides results of a test assessing the effectiveness of using a pressure seal letter in the first mailing during typical ACS contact strategy conditions. It also provides results from testing the effect of removing or de-emphasizing the reference to a paper questionnaire being sent in a few weeks.
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