In the past several years, much concern has been expressed regarding the overcrowded conditions of our Nation’s elementary schools and the problems of planning for additional facilities to meet the anticipated continued increases in enrollment for the next several years. State and local planning boards now engaged in studying these problems require some estimate of the approximate future level of enrollment at various grades which can be used as a basis for planning purposes. The Bureau of the Census has received many requests concerning such estimates and on methods of preparing them. In response to these requests, the Bureau of the Census is publishing in this report projections of enrollment in elementary and high schools, by grade, for the United States as a whole, for 1953 to 1965, and a general discussion of the methods and assumptions. The projections include parochial and other private schools, as well as public schools. Beginning with 1960, the enrollment in some of the grades is dependent on future births; and here it was considered prudent to show several projections reflecting different assumptions about the course of births.