In terms of gender, work disability rates for men were higher than those for women. The 1990 rates for men were; 11.8 percent for SIPP, 9.4 percent for CPS, and 8.7 percent for Census. For women they were 11.2 percent, 8.6 percent, and 7.6 percent respectively. Gender rates for those prevented from working show males with a significantly lower rate of 4.6 percent for SIPP compared to 5.2 percent for CPS. The Census rate was 4.1 percent.