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Population and Housing Unit Estimates

The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program (PEP) produces estimates of the population for the United States, states, metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas, counties, cities, towns, as well as for Puerto Rico and its municipios.

Population and Housing Unit Estimates Tables

Stats displayed in columns and rows. Available in XLSX or CSV format.
Schedule

The annual population and housing unit estimates are released on a flow basis throughout the year.
Demographic Analysis

Demographic analysis is a technique used to develop an understanding of the age, sex, and racial composition of a population and how it has changed over time.
Modified Race Data

The race categories from each Census are reconciled with those race categories that appear in the data from administrative records.

News

Press Release

Older Adults Outnumber Children in 11 States, Nearly Half of Counties

June 26, 2025

The U.S. population age 65 and older rose by 3.1% (to 61.2 million) while the population under age 18 decreased by 0.2% (to 73.1 million) from 2023 to 2024.
Press Release

Census Bureau to Embargo New Population Estimates by Demographics

June 10, 2025

The U.S. Census Bureau will offer a 2-day embargo period for members of the media to view Vintage 2024 Population Estimates.
Press Release

La Oficina del Censo embargará estimaciones de población demográficas

June 10, 2025

La Oficina del Censo de EE. UU. ofrecerá acceso restringido durante dos días a los medios para ver las estimaciones de población de 2024.

Tables

Intercensal Estimates

Intercensal estimates are produced once every 10 years after the decennial census to revise the prior decade’s estimates to align with the most current census.
Table

National Population Totals: 2020-2024

This page features national population estimates totals and components of change for years 2020-2024.
Vintage 2020 Population Estimates

Vintage 2020 estimates are based on the 2010 Census and created without knowledge of the 2020 Census results.

Blog Posts

Random Samplings Blog

Understanding the 2024 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates

September 11, 2025

This blog discusses elements that may contribute to differences observed in some 2024 ACS 1-year estimates compared to prior years.
Director's Blog

Wrapping Up an Outstanding Year at the U.S. Census Bureau

December 31, 2024

It’s exciting to think about all the ways we provided quality data on our nation’s people, places, and economy in 2024.
Random Samplings Blog

Improved Method Better Estimates Net International Migration Increase

December 19, 2024

Combining administrative data with survey data made net international migration estimates more responsive to short-term fluctuations in immigration.

Visualizations

Population

Population of Older Adults Now Comparable to Population of Children

June 26, 2025

From 2004 to 2024, the age 65-and-over population increased in size while the child population decreased.
Population

Older Adults Outnumber Children

June 26, 2025

Older adults outnumber children in nearly half of U.S. counties in 2024.
Population Estimates

Percent Change in Population by Region and Size: July 2023 to July 2024

May 15, 2025

This graphic shows the population percent change by region and size according to the U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2024 Population Estimates.
Housing Estimates

Percent Change in Housing Units by County: July 1, 2023, to July 1, 2024

May 15, 2025

This graphic shows the percent change in housing units by county according to the U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2024 Housing Unit Estimates.

America Counts

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Population

The Fourth of July: The Nation’s Population Then and Now

July 02, 2025

The U.S. population is nearly 123 times larger than it was in 1780, the nearest estimate to when the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776.
Population

States With High Median Ages May Not be as Uniformly Old as You Think

June 26, 2025

A state’s median age does not tell the whole story. Florida has the fifth highest median age yet also has counties younger than the national median.
Population

An Aging Nation: U.S. Median Age Surpassed 39 in 2024

June 26, 2025

Median age rose in 85% of the nation’s 387 metro areas from 2020 to 2024 and was higher than the national median of 39.1 in almost half of metro areas.
Population

U.S. Metro Areas Experienced Population Growth Between 2023 and 2024

April 17, 2025

New Census Bureau population estimates show 88% of U.S. metro areas gained population between 2023 and 2024.

Page Last Revised - September 8, 2025

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