The American Opportunity Study (AOS) is an initiative to use the Census Bureau’s linked data infrastructure to enable new research on social and economic mobility. The AOS supports work to develop and improve the linkage of historical and modern Census Bureau and administrative data with the goal of using these data to investigate intergenerational mobility. Infrastructure building to advance the AOS has been supported by the Census Bureau, the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine, Stanford University, Harvard University, Brown University, and the University of Michigan.