The total number of industrial robots in operation at the plant, the number of robots purchased during the reference year, and the capital expenditures for new and used industrial robotic equipment were collected for the first time on the 2018 Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) to fill a data gap for manufacturing plants on how and when robotics contribute to productivity, the conditions under which they complement or substitute for labor, and how they shape regional economies. To continue with this collection of data, these questions were included in the 2022 Economic Census - Manufacturing.

These data items were collected from employer businesses at the establishment level and tabulated using the 2022 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code assigned to the establishment based on primary business activity.

This experimental product provides data from the 2022 Economic Census – Manufacturing on the presence of robots and capital expenditures for industrial robotic equipment. The presence of robots is defined as establishments that have active robots at the plant, robot purchases, or capital expenditures on robotic equipment.

The tables provide national and state level estimates of percent of plants with robots, percent of workers exposed to robots, and capital expenditures for industrial robotic equipment by 2-digit NAICS sector and 3-digit NAICS sub-sector as well as plant size distributional statistics.

This experimental data product is subject to disclosure avoidance thresholds and may not meet some of the Census Bureau’s statistical quality standards.