The pupose of this manual is to describe methods and techniques for the evaluation of censuses of population and housing, with emphasis on techniques which are applicable in developing countries. The manual is intended for use as a basic reference in the design and implementation of census evaluation programs. As such, the rationale and theory behind each method and some of the major problems encountered in its application are covered in sufficient detail so as to guide key decision-makers and technicians of developing country statistical organizations in designing and implementing their own evaluation programs.