This paper first describes how Orshansky developed the poverty thresholds. It then describes some of the background and events which led up to Orshansky's 1963 development and 1964 refinement and extension of the thresholds. It then describes the history of the thresholds after the Office of Economic Opportunity and other federal agencies started using them in 1965; this last partfocuses to a great extent on reviews of the thresholds by various federal interagency committees.