This report presents statistics on scientists, engineers, and technicians in China based upon the 1990 population census and the 1995 industrial census. Scientists and engineers (S/E) are a small share of China's economically active population compared with other countries studied thus far in the Census Bureau's S/E series. In 1990, China had approximately six S/E per 1,000 members of its economically active population. While this proportion is at the low end of the most advanced countries in this series, it is comparable to the levels found in the economies of South Korea, the Philippines, and Taiwan.