Questionnaires are used in the sample surveys or censuses to elicit reports of facts, attitudes, and other subjective states. Questionnaires may be administered by interviewers in person or by telephone, or they may be self-administered on paper or another medium, such as audio-cassette or the internet. Respondents may be asked to report about themselves, others in their household, or other entities, such as businesses. This article focuses on construction of standardized survey questionnaires.