Official estimates of income and poverty for the incarcerated population are not produced or released by the U.S. Census Bureau. Median household income is limited to the household population, so it excludes the incarcerated population. Institutional group quarters, which include incarceration facilities, are not included in the poverty universe. This exclusion has the potential to limit the representativeness of estimates, especially for populations that represent a higher share of the incarcerated population. This paper examines the effect of including data on the incarcerated population in income and poverty estimates. This paper also assesses the reliability of the data by examining the incarcerated population by whether or not the data was synthetic or used imputed income.