Beginning in 2025, the U.S. Census Bureau added three new housing questions used in the American Community Survey (ACS) in response to federal agency requests and the results of the 2022 ACS Content Test. The new questions are for the topics of electric vehicles, sewer systems, and solar panels. Information for each question can be found at:

2022 ACS Content Test Evaluation Report: Electric Vehicles

2022 ACS Content Test Evaluation Report: Sewer

2022 ACS Content Test Evaluation Report: Solar Panels

For electric vehicles, all households with at least one vehicle kept at home are asked if that household owns or leases an electric vehicle, which includes both all-electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles. Data products with estimates for electric vehicles are available in tables B25147, B25148, and K202514.

The sewer question is asked of all housing units, both occupied and vacant. The sewer question is used to estimate the number of housing units connected to a public sewer, septic tank, or other type of wastewater system. Data products with estimates for sewer systems are available in tables B25149, B25150, and K202512.

The solar panels question is asked of all housing units, both occupied and vacant. The question asks whether the house has solar panels that generate electricity for the household’s own use or to sell. Data products with estimates for solar panels are available in tables B25144, B25145, B25146, and K202513.

For more information, visit: Understanding 2025 American Community Survey Content Changes.