The Annual Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (AMECS) provides annual information on energy consumption and expenditures for the manufacturing sector of the U.S. economy as a supplement to the quadrennial Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS). The survey is collected by the Census Bureau on behalf of the Energy Information Administration (EIA) within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The AMECS is the only annual source of data on energy consumption for the six most energy-intensive manufacturing industries. The data is used to support federal energy analysis and modeling and inform policy decisions. 

The AMECS covers selected manufacturing establishments classified in the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) sectors 31-33, including plants, factories, and mills engaged in the mechanical, physical, or chemical transformation of materials, substances, or components into new products operating in the 50 States and the District of Columbia. 

The AMECS provides statistics on consumption of energy for fuel and nonfuel purposes, as well as certain energy-related issues such as energy prices from select industries within the manufacturing sector.

Survey collection occurs annually in the years that the quadrennial Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey is not conducted. The first collection of AMECS will begin in the fall of 2026 covering reference period 2025.  

RESPONSE IS REQUIRED BY LAW. Response to this survey is mandatory, under the Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974, 15 U.S.C. 772(b) and under Title 3, Subtitle B, of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1986, 42 U.S.C. 7135, as amended by Title 1, Subtitle G, of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, 42 U.S.C. 7135(i)(1). Failure to respond may result in criminal fines, civil penalties, and other sanctions as provided by 15 U.S.C. 797.

The U.S. Census Bureau is required by Title 13 United States Code, Section 9, to keep your information confidential and can use your responses only to produce statistics. The Census Bureau is not permitted to publicly release your responses in a way that could identify your business, organization, or institution. Per the Federal Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2015, your data are protected from cybersecurity risks through screening of the systems that transmit your data.

The AMECS is a sample of approximately 4,500 manufacturing establishments selected from the 2022 quadrennial MECS sample. All establishments classified in one of six specified industries are expected to be selected in the AMECS sample with certainty. The remaining selected establishments are stratified by specific energy-intensive 3-digit NAICS subsectors that comprise U.S. manufacturing, and will be chosen based upon their fuel consumption, economic output, feedstock usage, and other programmatic interests. However, all establishments in the frame have some chance of being selected. Data are reported for activity occurring during the survey calendar year. 

The AMECS data will be released annually in tabular format for the years in between the quadrennial MECS. Published data will be accessible from EIA’s website. Comparable statistics are available from the most recent 2022 MECS as well as previous quadrennial MECS cycles on the EIA website. 

Information from AMECS will be used to produce aggregate statistics on the energy consumption of the manufacturing sector, including energy purchases, expenditures, transfers in and shipments out, onsite generation and both fuel and nonfuel use of five widely used energy sources. To maintain an updated industrial module of National Energy Modeling System each year, Form EIA-847 will also be used to update the historical industrial energy consumption benchmark.