The 2016 Census Test allowed the Census Bureau to study a variety of new methods and advanced technologies under consideration for the 2020 Census. The primary focus of the test was to refine the methodology for nonresponse follow-up — the operation conducted to personally visit households that do not respond to the census. The Census Bureau also refined methods and related activities for maximizing self-response (particularly via the Internet) to the 2020 Census. Testing in two sites allowed us to learn more about managing new systems simultaneously in multiple locations.