1870 Census: Volume 1. The Statistics of the Population of the United States

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1870 Census: Volume 1. The Statistics of the Population of the United States

January 1872

The statistics of the population of the United States, embracing the tables of race, nationality, sex, selected ages, and occupations. To which are added the statistics of school attendance and illiteracy, of schools, libraries, newspapers and periodicals, churches, pauperism and crime, and of areas, families, and dwellings.

Compiled, from the original returns of the Ninth Census (June 1, 1870), under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior, by Francis A. Walker, Superintendent of Census.

1870 Census: Vol. I. The Statistics of the Population of the United States

1870 Census: Volume 1. The Statistics of the Population of the U.S. [151.0 MB]

On this page:

Introduction
The General Tables
Maps
Related Information
- A Note on Language

Introduction

Title Page & Table of Contents [<1.0 MB]
Report of the Superintendent - Part 1 [3.1 MB]
Report of the Superintendent - Part 2 [4.2 MB]

The General Tables

Of Aggregate Population, With Race

Population, 1870-1790, By States and Territories, in Aggregate, and as White, Colored, Free Colored, Slave, Chinese, and Indian

Table I [1.2 MB]

Population, 1870-1790, in each State and Territory, by Counties, in Aggregate, and as White, Free Colored, Slave, Chinese, and Indian

Table II - Part 1 [2.4 MB]

Alabama, Territory of Arizona, Arkansas, California, Territory of Colorado, Connecticut, Territory of Dakota, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida
Table II - Part 2 [2.6 MB]

Georgia, Territory of Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas
Table II - Part 3 [2.2 MB]

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan
Table II - Part 4 [3.4 MB]

Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Territory of Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Territory of New Mexico, New York, North Carolina
Table II - Part 5 [<1.0 MB]

Ohio, Oregon
Table II - Part 6 [3.4 MB]

Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Territory of Utah, Vermont, Virginia
Table II - Part 7 [1.0 MB]

Territory of Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Territory of Wyoming
Displacements [<1.0 MB]

Population, 1870-1850, in each State and Territory, by Civil Divisions less than Counties, as White and Colored, and Native and Foreign (1870)

Table III - Part 1 [4.2 MB]

Alabama, Territory of Arizona, Arkansas, California (Counties: Alameda through Sutter)
Table III - Part 2 [2.8 MB]

California (Counties: Tehama through Yuba), Connecticut, Territory of Colorado, Territory of Dakota, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Territory of Idaho (Counties: Ada through Idaho)
Table III - Part 3 [2.9 MB]

Territory of Idaho (Counties: Lemhi through Shoshone), Illinois
Table III - Part 4 [3.4 MB]

Indiana, Iowa (Counties: Adair through Lee)
Table III - Part 5 [2.7 MB]

Iowa (Counties: Linn through Wright), Kansas, Kentucky (Counties: Adair through Perry)
Table III - Part 6 [1.9 MB]

Kentucky (Counties: Pike through Woodford), Louisiana, Maine
Table III - Part 7 [2.9 MB]

Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota (County: Anoka)
Table III - Part 8 [3.7 MB]

Minnesota (Counties: Benton through Wright), Mississippi, Missouri, Territory of Montana (Counties: Beaver Head through Deer Lodge 1st part)
Table III - Part 9 [2.1 MB]

Territory of Montana (Counties: Deer Lodge 2nd part through Missoula), Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Territory of New Mexico
Table III - Part 10 [3.1 MB]

New York, North Carolina (Counties: Alamance through Bladen)
Table III - Part 11 [3.2 MB]

North Carolina (Counties: Brunswick through Yancy), Ohio (County: Adams)
Table III - Part 12 [2.7 MB]

Ohio (Counties: Monroe through Wyandot), Oregon, Pennsylvania (Counties: Adams through Delaware)
Table III - Part 13 [2.0 MB]

Pennsylvania (Counties: Elk through York), Rhode Island
Table III - Part 14 [2.5 MB]

South Carolina, Tennessee
Table III - Part 15 [1.3 MB]

Texas, Territory of Utah
Table III - Part 16 [3.9 MB]

Vermont, Virginia, Territory of Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Territory of Wyoming

Of Nativity and Nationality

Nativity (General) 1870-1850, and Foreign Parentage 1870, by States and Territories

Table IV [<1.0 MB]

Nativity (General) 1870-1860, and Foreign Parentage 1870, in each State and Territory, by Counties

Table V - Part 1 [2.2 MB]

Alabama through Massachusetts
Table V - Part 2 [2.7 MB]

Michigan through Territory of Wyoming

Special Nationalities 1870, by States and Territories

Table VI [2.3 MB]

Special Nationalities (Selected) 1870, in each State and Territory, by Counties

Table VII - Part 1 [3.1 MB]

Alabama through Michigan
Table VII - Part 2 [3.7 MB]

Minnesota through Territory of Wyoming

Special Nationalities 1870, in Fifty Principal Cities

Table VIII [1.9 MB]

Of Miscellaneous Statistics

School Attendance and Illiteracy, 1870-1850, by States and Territories

Table IX [<1.0 MB]

School Attendance and Illiteracy, 1870, in each State and Territory, by Counties

Table X - Part 1 [3.9 MB]

Alabama through Minnesota
Table X - Part 2 [4.0 MB]

Mississippi through Territory of Wyoming

School Attendance and Illiteracy in Fifty Principal Cities, 1870, by Wards

Table XI [1.7 MB]

Schools in the United States, 1870-1850,
(A)--By States and Territories;
(B)--By Classes and Kinds

Table XII [1.5 MB]

Schools, 1870, In each State and Territory (Extended)

Table XIII [2.6 MB]

Libraries in the United States, 1870-1850,
(A)--By States and Territories;
(B)--By Classes and Kinds

Table XIV [1.0 MB]

Newspapers and Periodicals, 1870-1850, by States and Territories

Table XV [2.0 MB]

Newspapers and Periodicals, 1870-1850, by Periods of Issue and by Classes

Table XVI [<1.0 MB]

Churches in the United States, 1870-1850,
(A)--By States and Territories;
(B)--By Denominations

Table XVII [4.4 MB]

Churches, 1870, (Selected Statistics) in each State and Territory, by Counties

Table XVIII - Part 1 [3.0 MB]

Alabama through Massachusetts
Table XVIII - Part 2 [3.4 MB]

Michigan through Wisconsin

Pauperism and Crime, 1870-1850, by States and Territories

Table XIX [1.5 MB]

The Area and Political Organization of the United States and its Geographical Divisions, with the Statistics of Areas, Families, and Dwellings

Historical Notes [3.9 MB]

Areas, Families, and Dwellings, 1870-1850, by States and Territories

Table XX [<1.0 MB]

Areas, Families, and Dwelings of Fifty Principal Cities, 1870, by Wards

Table XXI [1.1 MB]

Of Sex and Selected Ages

Sex, with General Nativity and Race, Distinguishing also the Blacks and Mulattoes, 1870, by States and Territories

Table XXII [1.7 MB]

Selected Ages, with Sex, with General Nativity and Race, 1870, by States and Territories

Table XXIII [<1.0 MB]

Selected Ages, with Sex, 1870, in each State and Territory, by Counties

Table XXIV [4.0 MB]

Selected Ages, with Sex, 1870, in Selected Minor Civil Divisions

Table XXV [2.9 MB]

Of Occupations, 1870

Persons in each Class of Occupations, with Sex, by States and Territories

Table XXVI [2.1 MB]

Number of Persons Engaged in each Occupation, by States and Territories,
(A)--The Total Number of Persons;
(B)--The Number of Females

Table XXVII (A) [2.1 MB]
Table XXVII (B) [1.6 MB]

Persons in each Class of Occupations, with Age and Sex, and Selected Nationalities, by States and Territories

Table XXVIII [1.1 MB]

Persons in the United States, in each Occupation, with Age and Sex, and Selected Nationalities

Table XXIX [1.7 MB]

Persons in Selected Occupations, with Age and Sex, and Selected Nationalities, in each State and Territory

Table XXX - Part 1 [4.4 MB]

Alabama through Michigan
Table XXX - Part 2 [4.7 MB]

Minnesota through Territory of Wyoming

Persons in each Class of Occupations, with Age and Sex, and Selected Nationalities, in Fifty Principal Cities

Table XXXI [<1.0 MB]

Persons in Selected Occupations, with Age and Sex, and Selected Nationalities, in each of Thirty Principal Cities

Table XXXII - Part 1 [2.6 MB]

City of Albany, New York through City of Jersey City, New Jersey
Table XXXII - Part 2 [3.1 MB]

City of Louisville, Kentucky through City of Worcester, Massachusetts

Maps

Distribution of the German and Irish Populations [<1.0 MB]
Distribution of the English and Welsh, Swedish and Norwegian, British American, and Chinese Populations [<1.0 MB]
Illiteracy and Wealth [<1.0 MB]
Area: Acquisition and Transfer of Territory 1780 to 1870 [<1.0 MB]

1870 Decennial Census Publications

Publications, briefs and reports from Census Bureau experts about the Decennial Census of Population and Housing.

A Note on Language

Census statistics date back to 1790 and reflect the growth and change of the United States. Past census reports contain some terms that today’s readers may consider obsolete and inappropriate. As part of our goal to be open and transparent with the public, we are improving access to all Census Bureau original publications and statistics, which serve as a guide to the nation's history.

Related Information

PUBLICATION

1870 Census: Volume 2. The Vital Statistics of the United States

PUBLICATION

1870 Census: Volume 3. The Statistics of Wealth and Industry

PUBLICATION

1870 Census: A Compendium of the Ninth Census (June 1, 1870)

Page Last Revised - July 15, 2025

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