In 1995, staff from the Center for Survey Methods Research at the Census Bureau contacted personnel at the Office of Management and Budget working on the three-year review of the federally mandated race and Hispanic origin categories (OMB 1994) contained in Directive 15 (OMB 1977). We had two purposes in initiating this contact. The first was to share with OMB some of our early findings from an ongoing questionnaire redesign project that the quality and completeness of race and Hispanic origin data collected in an establishment census might be affected by different factors than those influencing data collection in household surveys.