Disability Glossary

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Table 1. List of All the Disability Variables and Their Availability in Census Surveys
  American Community Survey Current Population Survey American Housing Survey Survey on Income and Program Participation
Ambulatory Difficulty X X X1 X
Cognitive Difficulty X X X2 X
Developmental Disability       X
Employment Disability   X3   X
Difficulty Finding Employment Disability       X
Difficulty Grasping Things       X
Health Condition       X
Hearing Difficulty X X X X
Independent Living Difficulty X X X4 X
Learning Disability       X
Difficulty Lifting or Carrying Things More Than Ten Pounds       X
Mental Disability       X
Difficulty Playing       X
Difficulty Doing Schoolwork       X
Self-care Difficulty X X X X
Difficulty Sitting for One Hour        
Vision Difficulty X X X X
1 Called 'Physical Disability' in survey

2 Called 'Mental Disability' in survey

3 Available only in the Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement

4 Called 'Go-outside-home Disability' in survey

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Ambulatory Difficulty

[In ACS, SIPP and CPS ASEC] - Having serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs. 

Cognitive Difficulty

[In ACS, SIPP and CPS ASEC] – Having serious difficulty concentrating, remembering or making decisions.

Developmental Disability

[In SIPP] - Have a developmental condition or delay that limits ordinary activities?

Difficulty Doing Schoolwork

[In SIPP] - Having limitations in his/her ability to do regular school work?

Difficulty Finding Employment Disability

[In SIPP] - Because of a physical, mental, or emotional problem, has difficulty finding a job or remaining employed?

Difficulty Grasping Things

[In SIPP] - Having any difficulty using his/her hands and fingers to do things such as picking up a glass or grasping a pencil?

Difficulty Lifting or Carrying Things More Than Ten Pounds

[In SIPP] - Having any difficulty lifting or carrying something as heavy as 10 pounds (such as a bag of groceries)?

Difficulty Playing

[In SIPP] - Having limited ability to play with other children of the same age?

Difficulty Sitting for One Hour

[In SIPP] - Having any difficulty sitting for one hour?

Employment Disability

[In SIPP, CPS ASEC] - Because of a physical, mental, or emotional problem, is prevented from working?

Go-Outside-Home Difficulty

[In ACS only before 2008, AHS] – Having difficulty going outside the home alone to shop or visit a doctor's office.

Health Condition

[In SIPP] - Having any physical, mental, or emotional health conditions lasting 12 months or longer that limit his/her daily activities?

Hearing Difficulty

[In ACS, SIPP, AHS and CPS ASEC] – Deaf or having serious difficulty hearing?

Independent Living Difficulty

[In ACS, SIPP, and CPS ASEC] – Having difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or shopping?

Learning Disability

[In SIPP] - Having a learning or developmental disability? (Optional text: This could include conditions such as dyslexia, ADHD, autism, Down Syndrome, or some other learning or developmental disability.)

Mental Disability

[In ACS only before 2008] – Having difficulty learning, remembering or concentrating.

[In SIPP] - Having a mental or emotional condition? (Optional text: This could include conditions such as depression, anxiety, or some other psychological condition.

[In AHS] - Having serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions. This includes Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, and serious learning disabilities.

Physical Disability

[In ACS only before 2008] – Having a condition that substantially limits one or more basic physical activities such as walking, climbing stairs reaching, lifting or carrying.

[In AHS] - Having serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs. This is defined as difficulty walking up to three city blocks or climbing one flight of stairs.

Self-care Difficulty

[In ACS, SIPP, AHS and CPS ASEC] - Having difficulty dressing or bathing?

Sensory Disability

[In ACS only before 2008] – Blindness/deafness, severe vision or hearing impairment.

Vision Difficulty

[In ACS, SIPP, AHS and CPS ASEC] - Blind/having serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses.

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Page Last Revised - September 28, 2026