Median Income of Asian and Hispanic Households Rose From 2023 to 2024
U.S. real median household income remained flat in 2024 at $83,730, not statistically different from $82,690 in 2023 or $83,260 in pre-pandemic 2019, according to a U.S. Census Bureau report released today.
Median household income is the midpoint where half of households make more in income, and half make less. All estimates here are presented in 2024 inflation-adjusted dollars.
Compared to pre-pandemic estimates from 2019, only Hispanic households experienced a significant increase in median household income: $70,950 in 2024, up 4.3% from $68,010 in 2019.
Median income varied significantly among race and Hispanic origin groups.
Median income increased in Asian (5.1%) and Hispanic (5.5%) households but decreased in Black (3.3%) households from 2023 to 2024 (the difference in the percent changes for Asian and Hispanic households was not statistically significant).
There wasn’t a significant change in the median income of White and non-Hispanic White households between 2023 and 2024, according to the Current Population Survey’s 2025 Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS ASEC).
Compared to pre-pandemic estimates from 2019, only Hispanic households experienced a significant increase in median household income: $70,950 in 2024, up 4.3% from $68,010 in 2019.
Earnings, Race, and Hispanic Origin
Changes in median household income do not always mirror changes in earnings.
Earnings include only wages, salaries and self-employment income of individual workers. Here we examine earnings only of those who worked full-time (35 hours or more a week), year-round (50 weeks or more).
Median earnings of full-time, year-round White and Hispanic workers increased from 2023 to 2024 — 2.7% to $65,370 and 4.9% to $50,430, respectively.
Black, Asian and non-Hispanic White full-time, year-round workers did not experience significant changes in their median earnings.
It’s a different story, however, when comparing 2024 to pre-pandemic 2019 estimates.
Although the median income of Black households in 2019 and 2024 didn’t differ significantly, the median earnings of full-time, year-round Black workers rose by 2.3% — from $51,190 to $52,370 — during the same period (the percent changes for the two sets of estimates did not significantly differ from each other).
Asian and Hispanic full-time, year-round workers also experienced significant increases in earnings from 2019 to 2024 but White and non-Hispanic White full-time, year-round workers did not experience any significant changes.
Changes in Population Estimates and Non-Response Bias
While Hispanic median household income and median earnings of full-time, year-round Hispanic workers both increased significantly between 2023 and 2024, data users should interpret these findings in the context of recent changes.
The Census Bureau recently updated its method to improve estimates of international migration. The 2025 CPS ASEC incorporates Vintage 2024 population estimates and the results presented here reflect both demographic changes and updates to the methodology.
Additionally, preliminary analyses suggest increased nonresponse bias for Hispanic households in 2025 (covering income from calendar year 2024). For more information on the Census Bureau’s efforts to account for nonresponse bias and improve estimates of well-being, such as income and poverty, refer to results from the National Experimental Well-Being Statistics (NEWS) program.
The technical documentation includes information on confidentiality protection, methodology, sampling and nonsampling error. All comparative statements have undergone statistical testing and are statistically significant at the 90% confidence level unless otherwise noted.
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