The data indicate more than 265,000 additional workers were employed in Manhattan in 2023 than in 2021 (2,133,324 and 1,868,021, respectively) – a 14.2% increase, far outpacing the national gain of 4.4% over the same period.

Industry shares were flat or declined across all sectors between 2021 and 2023, with four exceptions (Table 1):

• Manufacturing edged up (0.7% to 0.8%).
• Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services rose slightly (6.9% to 7.1%).
• Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation increased notably (1.7% to 2.6%).
• Accommodation and Food Services jumped substantially (5.1% to 8.1%).

People working in Manhattan also skewed younger over this period: the share of workers age 29 and younger grew by 1.8% -- an overall increase of nearly 100,000 young workers (Figure 1).

These workers were also increasingly female. Of the 265,000 workers added between 2021 and 2023, women outnumbered men by more than 13,000. As a result, the female share climbed from 49.3% to 49.7% -- adding more than 139,000 women workers.

The home locations of workers employed in Manhattan also shifted over this period (Figure 2).

Manhattan workers were more likely to reside in the Manhattan, Brooklyn or Bronx boroughs in 2023 than in 2021. The share of workers living in those boroughs increased by 1.7 percentage points from 46.5% in 2021 to 48.2% in 2023 (Table 2).

It was a similar story for working people residing in Manhattan.

Between 2021 and 2023, Manhattan residents worked in most industries at the same or lower rates, except for the Arts, Entertainment, Recreation and Accommodation and Food Services sectors (Table 3).

Combined shares of these two sectors jumped from 7.2% to 10.5% (Table 3).

More than 89,000 additional workers lived in Manhattan in 2023 than in 2021 (655,939 and 566,856, respectively).

Similarly, Manhattan’s working residents also trended younger, with the share of workers age 29 or younger increasing by 3.1 percentage points from 2021 to 2023.

These resident workers were increasingly female, too. Their share rose from 50.2% to 50.7% between 2021 and 2023, (a difference of over 48,000 new female workers).

OnTheMap also lets us view worker flows into, out of and within an area of interest and indicates that Manhattan had a significant in- and outflow of workers (Figure 3).

Of the 566,856 workers living in Manhattan in 2021, 70.2% were also employed in the borough. This share rose to 71.4% in 2023, an increase of more than 70,000 people.

Workers under age 29 accounted for most of that growth. Their share of "interior flow" workers climbed 3.9 percentage points (25.0% to 28.9%), an increase of more than 36,000 additional workers (Table 4). This aligns with previous data showing Manhattan’s workforce trended younger over this period.

Future releases of Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES) in the OnTheMap tool will show whether these trends continued into 2024 and 2025.

OnTheMap is a web-based mapping and reporting application that shows where workers are employed and where they live.

Users can analyze employment dynamics for nearly any geography in the nation, including states, counties, cities, school districts, ZIP codes and census tracts. The tool also provides companion reports on age, earnings, industry distribution, race, ethnicity, educational attainment and sex.

The latest release includes data from 2002 to 2023 for most of the 50 states and the District of Columbia.